PR ld/21233: Avoid sweeping forced-undefined symbols in section GC

Complement commit 902e9fc76a ("PR ld/20828: Move symbol version
processing ahead of GC symbol sweep"), commit b531344c34 ("PR
ld/20828: Reorder the symbol sweep stage of section GC") and commit
81ff47b3a5 ("PR ld/20828: Fix linker script symbols wrongly forced
local with section GC"), and prevent symbols forcibly entered in the
output file with the use of the `--undefined=' or `--require-defined='
linker command line options or the EXTERN linker script command from
being swept in section garbage collection and consequently recorded in
the dynamic symbol table as local entries.  This happens in certain
circumstances, where a symbol reference also exists in one of the static
input files, however only in a section which is garbage-collected and
does not make it to the output file, and the symbol is defined in a
dynamic object present in the link.

For example with the `i386-linux' target and the `pr21233.s' and
`pr21233-l.s' sources, and the `pr21233.ld' linker script included with
this change we get:

$ as -o pr21233-l.o pr21233-l.s
$ ld -shared -T pr21233.ld -o libpr21233.so pr21233-l.o
$ as -o pr21233.o pr21233.s
$ ld --gc-sections -e foo --require-defined=bar -T pr21233.ld -o pr21233 pr21233.o libpr21233.so
$ readelf --dyn-syms pr21233

Symbol table '.dynsym' contains 2 entries:
   Num:    Value  Size Type    Bind   Vis      Ndx Name
     0: 00000000     0 NOTYPE  LOCAL  DEFAULT  UND
     1: 00000000     0 OBJECT  LOCAL  DEFAULT  UND bar
$

which makes the run-time `bar' dependency of the `pr21233' executable
different from its corresponding link-time dependency, i.e. the presence
of `libpr21233.so' and its `bar' symbol is required at the link time,
however at the run time a copy of `libpr21233.so' without `bar' will do.
Similarly with `--undefined=' and EXTERN which do not actually require
the reference to the symbol requested to be satisfied with a definition
at the link time, however once the definition has been pulled at the
link time, so it should at the dynamic load time.

Additionally with the `mips-linux' target we get:

$ ld --gc-sections -e foo --require-defined=bar -T pr21233.ld -o pr21233 pr21233.o libpr21233.so
ld: BFD (GNU Binutils) 2.28.51.20170324 assertion fail .../bfd/elfxx-mips.c:3861
$

as the target is not prepared to handle such a local dynamic symbol.

With this change in effect we get:

$ readelf --dyn-syms pr21233

Symbol table '.dynsym' contains 2 entries:
   Num:    Value  Size Type    Bind   Vis      Ndx Name
     0: 00000000     0 NOTYPE  LOCAL  DEFAULT  UND
     1: 00000000     0 OBJECT  GLOBAL DEFAULT  UND bar
$

instead, for both targets.

	ld/
	PR ld/21233
	* ldlang.c (insert_undefined): Set `mark' for ELF symbols.
	* testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233.sd: New test.
	* testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233-l.sd: New test.
	* testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233.ld: New test linker script.
	* testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233-e.ld: New test linker script.
	* testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233.s: New test source.
	* testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233-l.s: New test source.
	* testsuite/ld-elf/shared.exp: Run the new tests.

ld/ChangeLog

@@ -1,3 +1,15 @@
+2017-04-04  Maciej W. Rozycki  <macro@imgtec.com>
+
+	PR ld/21233
+	* ldlang.c (insert_undefined): Set `mark' for ELF symbols.
+	* testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233.sd: New test.
+	* testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233-l.sd: New test.
+	* testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233.ld: New test linker script.
+	* testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233-e.ld: New test linker script.
+	* testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233.s: New test source.
+	* testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233-l.s: New test source.
+	* testsuite/ld-elf/shared.exp: Run the new tests.
+
 2017-04-04  H.J. Lu  <hongjiu.lu@intel.com>
 
 	* NEWS: Mention support for ELF SHF_GNU_MBIND and

ld/ldlang.c

@@ -3429,6 +3429,8 @@ insert_undefined (const char *name)
     {
       h->type = bfd_link_hash_undefined;
       h->u.undef.abfd = NULL;
+      if (is_elf_hash_table (link_info.hash))
+	((struct elf_link_hash_entry *) h)->mark = 1;
       bfd_link_add_undef (link_info.hash, h);
     }
 }

ld/testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233-e.ld

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+EXTERN (bar)
+INCLUDE pr21233.ld

ld/testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233-l.s

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+	.data
+	.globl	bar
+	.type	bar, %object
+bar:
+	.byte	1
+	.size	bar, . - bar

ld/testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233-l.sd

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Make sure global `bar' is present in the dynamic symbol table, e.g.:
+#    Num:    Value  Size Type    Bind   Vis      Ndx Name
+#      1: 00000000     1 OBJECT  GLOBAL DEFAULT    5 bar
+#...
+ *[0-9]+: +[0-9a-f]+ +1 +OBJECT +GLOBAL +DEFAULT +[0-9]+ +bar
+#pass

ld/testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233.ld

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+SECTIONS
+{
+  .hash : { *(.hash) }
+  .dynsym : { *(.dynsym) }
+  .dynstr : { *(.dynstr) }
+  .rel.dyn : { *(.rel.dyn) }
+  .text : { *(.text) }
+  .dynamic : { *(.dynamic) }
+  .data : { *(.data) }
+  .symtab : { *(.symtab) }
+  .strtab : { *(.strtab) }
+  .shstrtab : { *(.shstrtab) }
+  .plt : { *(.plt) }
+  .got.plt : { *(.got.plt) }
+  .got : { *(.got) }
+  /DISCARD/ : { *(*) }
+}

ld/testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233.s

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+	.text
+	.globl	foo
+	.type	foo, %function
+foo:
+	.size	foo, . - foo
+
+	.data
+	.dc.a	bar

ld/testsuite/ld-elf/pr21233.sd

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Make sure the `bar' reference is global rather than local
+# in the dynamic symbol table, e.g.:
+#    Num:    Value  Size Type    Bind   Vis      Ndx Name
+#      1: 00000000     0 OBJECT  GLOBAL DEFAULT  UND bar
+# vs:
+#      1: 00000000     0 OBJECT  LOCAL  DEFAULT  UND bar
+#...
+ *[0-9]+: +[0-9a-f]+ +0 +OBJECT +GLOBAL +DEFAULT +UND +bar
+#pass

ld/testsuite/ld-elf/shared.exp

@@ -115,6 +115,45 @@ if { [check_gc_sections_available] } {
 	    {{objdump -p pr20828-v.od}} \
 	    "pr20828-v-2"]]
 }
+# PR ld/21233 check for correct dynamic symbol table entries where:
+# - a symbol has been defined in a shared library used in the link,
+# - the symbol has been referenced from a section swept in garbage collection,
+# - the symbol has also been forced to be entered in the output file as an
+#   undefined symbol, either with a command-line option or a linker script
+#   command.
+# Verify that the undefined symbol is global rather than local.
+if { [check_gc_sections_available] } {
+    run_ld_link_tests [list \
+	[list \
+	    "PR ld/21233 dynamic symbols with section GC\
+	     (auxiliary shared library)" \
+	    "$LFLAGS -shared -T pr21233.ld" "" "$AFLAGS_PIC" \
+	    {pr21233-l.s} \
+	    {{readelf --dyn-syms pr21233-l.sd}} \
+	    "libpr21233.so"] \
+	[list \
+	    "PR ld/21233 dynamic symbols with section GC (--undefined)" \
+	    "$LFLAGS --gc-sections -e foo --undefined=bar -T pr21233.ld" \
+	    "tmpdir/libpr21233.so" "" \
+	    {pr21233.s} \
+	    {{readelf --dyn-syms pr21233.sd}} \
+	    "pr21233-1"] \
+	[list \
+	    "PR ld/21233 dynamic symbols with section GC (--require-defined)" \
+	    "$LFLAGS --gc-sections -e foo --require-defined=bar\
+	     -T pr21233.ld" \
+	    "tmpdir/libpr21233.so" "" \
+	    {pr21233.s} \
+	    {{readelf --dyn-syms pr21233.sd}} \
+	    "pr21233-2"] \
+	[list \
+	    "PR ld/21233 dynamic symbols with section GC (EXTERN)" \
+	    "$LFLAGS --gc-sections -e foo -T pr21233-e.ld" \
+	    "tmpdir/libpr21233.so" "" \
+	    {pr21233.s} \
+	    {{readelf --dyn-syms pr21233.sd}} \
+	    "pr21233-3"]]
+}
 
 # Check to see if the C compiler works
 if { [which $CC] == 0 } {