Identify non-extensible instructions in the MIPS16 opcode table and disallow their use with the `.e' instruction size suffix in assembly and do not interpret any EXTEND prefix present as a part of the instruction in disassembly. According to all versions of the MIPS16 ASE specifications the following instructions encodings are not extensible [1][2][3][4][5][6]: I8/MOV32R, I8/MOVR32, all RRR minor opcodes, all RR minor opcodes except from DSRA and DSRL, and EXTEND itself, and as from revision 2.50 of the MIPS16e ASE specifications it has been further clarified what was previously implied, that non-extesiable instructions when preceded with an EXTEND prefix must cause a Reserved Instruction exception [3][5]. Therefore in the presence of an EXTEND prefix none of these instructions are supposed to be handled as extended instructions and supporting these forms in disassembly causes confusion, and in the case of the RRR major opcode it also clashes with the ASMACRO encoding. References: [1] "Product Description, MIPS16 Application-Specific Extension", Version 1.3, MIPS Technologies, Inc., 970130, Table 3. "MIPS16 Instruction Set Summary", p. 5 [2] same, Table 5 "RR Minor Opcodes (RR-type instructions)", p.10 [3] "MIPS32 Architecture for Programmers, Volume IV-a: The MIPS16e Application-Specific Extension to the MIPS32 Architecture", MIPS Technologies, Inc., Document Number: MD00076, Revision 2.63, July 16, 2013, Section 3.9 "MIPS16e Instruction Summaries", pp. 37-39 [4] same, Section 3.15 "Instruction Bit Encoding", pp. 46-49 [5] "MIPS64 Architecture for Programmers, Volume IV-a: The MIPS16e Application-Specific Extension to the MIPS64 Architecture", MIPS Technologies, Inc., Document Number: MD00077, Revision 2.60, June 25, 2008, Section 1.9 "MIPS16e Instruction Summaries", pp. 38-41 [6] same, Section 1.15 "Instruction Bit Encoding", pp. 48-51 include/ * opcode/mips.h (INSN2_SHORT_ONLY): New macro. gas/ * config/tc-mips.c (is_size_valid_16): Disallow a `.e' suffix instruction size override for INSN2_SHORT_ONLY opcode table entries. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16-extend-swap.d: Adjust output. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16-macro-e.l: Adjust error messages. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16-32@mips16-macro-e.l: Adjust error messages. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16e-32@mips16-macro-e.l: Adjust error messages. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16-insn-e.d: New test. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16-insn-t.d: New test. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16-32@mips16-insn-e.d: New test. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16-64@mips16-insn-e.d: New test. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16e-32@mips16-insn-e.d: New test. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16-32@mips16-insn-t.d: New test. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16-64@mips16-insn-t.d: New test. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16e-32@mips16-insn-t.d: New test. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16-insn-e.l: New stderr output. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16-insn-t.l: New stderr output. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16-32@mips16-insn-e.l: New stderr output. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16-64@mips16-insn-e.l: New stderr output. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16e-32@mips16-insn-e.l: New stderr output. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16-32@mips16-insn-t.l: New stderr output. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16-64@mips16-insn-t.l: New stderr output. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16e-32@mips16-insn-t.l: New stderr output. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16-insn-e.s: New test source. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips16-insn-t.s: New test source. * testsuite/gas/mips/mips.exp: Run the new tests. opcodes/ * mips-dis.c (print_insn_mips16): Disallow EXTEND prefix matching for INSN2_SHORT_ONLY opcode table entries. * mips16-opc.c (SH): New macro. (mips16_opcodes): Set SH in `pinfo2' for non-extensible instruction entries: "nop", "addu", "and", "break", "cmp", "daddu", "ddiv", "ddivu", "div", "divu", "dmult", "dmultu", "drem", "dremu", "dsllv", "dsll", "dsrav", "dsra", "dsrlv", "dsrl", "dsubu", "exit", "entry", "jalr", "jal", "jr", "j", "jalrc", "jrc", "mfhi", "mflo", "move", "mult", "multu", "neg", "not", "or", "rem", "remu", "sllv", "sll", "slt", "sltu", "srav", "sra", "srlv", "srl", "subu", "xor", "sdbbp", "seb", "seh", "sew", "zeb", "zeh", "zew" and "extend". binutils/ * testsuite/binutils-all/mips/mips16-extend-insn.d: New test. * testsuite/binutils-all/mips/mips16-extend-insn.s: New test source. * testsuite/binutils-all/mips/mips.exp: Run the new tests. |
||
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.. | ||
config | ||
doc | ||
po | ||
testsuite | ||
.gitignore | ||
CONTRIBUTORS | ||
COPYING | ||
ChangeLog | ||
ChangeLog-0001 | ||
ChangeLog-0203 | ||
ChangeLog-2004 | ||
ChangeLog-2005 | ||
ChangeLog-2006 | ||
ChangeLog-2007 | ||
ChangeLog-2008 | ||
ChangeLog-2009 | ||
ChangeLog-2010 | ||
ChangeLog-2011 | ||
ChangeLog-2012 | ||
ChangeLog-2013 | ||
ChangeLog-2014 | ||
ChangeLog-2015 | ||
ChangeLog-9295 | ||
ChangeLog-9697 | ||
ChangeLog-9899 | ||
MAINTAINERS | ||
Makefile.am | ||
Makefile.in | ||
NEWS | ||
README | ||
acinclude.m4 | ||
aclocal.m4 | ||
app.c | ||
as.c | ||
as.h | ||
asintl.h | ||
atof-generic.c | ||
bignum.h | ||
bit_fix.h | ||
cgen.c | ||
cgen.h | ||
compress-debug.c | ||
compress-debug.h | ||
cond.c | ||
config.in | ||
configure | ||
configure.ac | ||
configure.com | ||
configure.tgt | ||
debug.c | ||
dep-in.sed | ||
depend.c | ||
dw2gencfi.c | ||
dw2gencfi.h | ||
dwarf2dbg.c | ||
dwarf2dbg.h | ||
ecoff.c | ||
ecoff.h | ||
ehopt.c | ||
emul-target.h | ||
emul.h | ||
expr.c | ||
expr.h | ||
flonum-copy.c | ||
flonum-konst.c | ||
flonum-mult.c | ||
flonum.h | ||
frags.c | ||
frags.h | ||
gdbinit.in | ||
hash.c | ||
hash.h | ||
input-file.c | ||
input-file.h | ||
input-scrub.c | ||
itbl-lex-wrapper.c | ||
itbl-lex.h | ||
itbl-lex.l | ||
itbl-ops.c | ||
itbl-ops.h | ||
itbl-parse.y | ||
listing.c | ||
listing.h | ||
literal.c | ||
macro.c | ||
macro.h | ||
makefile.vms | ||
messages.c | ||
obj.h | ||
output-file.c | ||
output-file.h | ||
read.c | ||
read.h | ||
remap.c | ||
sb.c | ||
sb.h | ||
stabs.c | ||
stamp-h.in | ||
struc-symbol.h | ||
subsegs.c | ||
subsegs.h | ||
symbols.c | ||
symbols.h | ||
tc.h | ||
write.c | ||
write.h |
README
README for GAS
A number of things have changed since version 1 and the wonderful
world of gas looks very different. There's still a lot of irrelevant
garbage lying around that will be cleaned up in time. Documentation
is scarce, as are logs of the changes made since the last gas release.
My apologies, and I'll try to get something useful.
Unpacking and Installation - Summary
====================================
See ../binutils/README.
To build just the assembler, make the target all-gas.
Documentation
=============
The GAS release includes texinfo source for its manual, which can be processed
into `info' or `dvi' forms.
The DVI form is suitable for printing or displaying; the commands for doing
this vary from system to system. On many systems, `lpr -d' will print a DVI
file. On others, you may need to run a program such as `dvips' to convert the
DVI file into a form your system can print.
If you wish to build the DVI file, you will need to have TeX installed on your
system. You can rebuild it by typing:
cd gas/doc
make as.dvi
The Info form is viewable with the GNU Emacs `info' subsystem, or the
stand-alone `info' program, available as part of the GNU Texinfo distribution.
To build the info files, you will need the `makeinfo' program. Type:
cd gas/doc
make info
Specifying names for hosts and targets
======================================
The specifications used for hosts and targets in the `configure'
script are based on a three-part naming scheme, but some short
predefined aliases are also supported. The full naming scheme encodes
three pieces of information in the following pattern:
ARCHITECTURE-VENDOR-OS
For example, you can use the alias `sun4' as a HOST argument or in a
`--target=TARGET' option. The equivalent full name is
`sparc-sun-sunos4'.
The `configure' script accompanying GAS does not provide any query
facility to list all supported host and target names or aliases.
`configure' calls the Bourne shell script `config.sub' to map
abbreviations to full names; you can read the script, if you wish, or
you can use it to test your guesses on abbreviations--for example:
% sh config.sub i386v
i386-unknown-sysv
% sh config.sub i786v
Invalid configuration `i786v': machine `i786v' not recognized
`configure' options
===================
Here is a summary of the `configure' options and arguments that are
most often useful for building GAS. `configure' also has several other
options not listed here.
configure [--help]
[--prefix=DIR]
[--srcdir=PATH]
[--host=HOST]
[--target=TARGET]
[--with-OPTION]
[--enable-OPTION]
You may introduce options with a single `-' rather than `--' if you
prefer; but you may abbreviate option names if you use `--'.
`--help'
Print a summary of the options to `configure', and exit.
`-prefix=DIR'
Configure the source to install programs and files under directory
`DIR'.
`--srcdir=PATH'
Look for the package's source code in directory DIR. Usually
`configure' can determine that directory automatically.
`--host=HOST'
Configure GAS to run on the specified HOST. Normally the
configure script can figure this out automatically.
There is no convenient way to generate a list of all available
hosts.
`--target=TARGET'
Configure GAS for cross-assembling programs for the specified
TARGET. Without this option, GAS is configured to assemble .o files
that run on the same machine (HOST) as GAS itself.
There is no convenient way to generate a list of all available
targets.
`--enable-OPTION'
These flags tell the program or library being configured to
configure itself differently from the default for the specified
host/target combination. See below for a list of `--enable'
options recognized in the gas distribution.
`configure' accepts other options, for compatibility with configuring
other GNU tools recursively; but these are the only options that affect
GAS or its supporting libraries.
The `--enable' options recognized by software in the gas distribution are:
`--enable-targets=...'
This causes one or more specified configurations to be added to those for
which BFD support is compiled. Currently gas cannot use any format other
than its compiled-in default, so this option is not very useful.
`--enable-bfd-assembler'
This causes the assembler to use the new code being merged into it to use
BFD data structures internally, and use BFD for writing object files.
For most targets, this isn't supported yet. For most targets where it has
been done, it's already the default. So generally you won't need to use
this option.
Compiler Support Hacks
======================
On a few targets, the assembler has been modified to support a feature
that is potentially useful when assembling compiler output, but which
may confuse assembly language programmers. If assembler encounters a
.word pseudo-op of the form symbol1-symbol2 (the difference of two
symbols), and the difference of those two symbols will not fit in 16
bits, the assembler will create a branch around a long jump to
symbol1, and insert this into the output directly before the next
label: The .word will (instead of containing garbage, or giving an
error message) contain (the address of the long jump)-symbol2. This
allows the assembler to assemble jump tables that jump to locations
very far away into code that works properly. If the next label is
more than 32K away from the .word, you lose (silently); RMS claims
this will never happen. If the -K option is given, you will get a
warning message when this happens.
REPORTING BUGS IN GAS
=====================
Bugs in gas should be reported to:
bug-binutils@gnu.org.
They may be cross-posted to gcc-bugs@gnu.org if they affect the use of
gas with gcc. They should not be reported just to gcc-bugs, since not
all of the maintainers read that list.
See ../binutils/README for what we need in a bug report.
Copyright (C) 2012-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
notice and this notice are preserved.