binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-nat.h
Pedro Alves 9c02b52532 linux-nat.c: better starvation avoidance, handle non-stop mode too
Running the testsuite with a series that reimplements user-visible
all-stop behavior on top of a target running in non-stop mode revealed
problems related to event starvation avoidance.

For example, I see
gdb.threads/signal-while-stepping-over-bp-other-thread.exp failing.
What happens is that GDB core never gets to see the signal event.  It
ends up processing the events for the same threads over an over,
because Linux's waitpid(-1, ...) returns that first task in the task
list that has an event, starving threads on the tail of the task list.

So I wrote a non-stop mode test originally inspired by
signal-while-stepping-over-bp-other-thread.exp, to stress this
independently of all-stop on top of non-stop.  Fixing it required the
changes described below.  The test will be added in a following
commit.

1) linux-nat.c has code in place that picks an event LWP at random out
of all that have had events.  This is because on the kernel side,
"waitpid(-1, ...)"  just walks the task list linearly looking for the
first that had an event.  But, this code is currently only used in
all-stop mode.  So with a multi-threaded program that has multiple
events triggering debug events in parallel, GDB ends up starving some
threads.

To make the event randomization work in non-stop mode too, the patch
makes us pull out all the already pending events on the kernel side,
with waitpid, before deciding which LWP to report to the core.

There's some code in linux_wait that takes care of leaving events
pending if they were for LWPs the caller is not interested in.  The
patch moves that to linux_nat_filter_event, so that we only have one
place that leaves events pending.  With that in place, conceptually,
the flow is simpler and more normalized:

 #1 - walk the LWP list looking for an LWP with a pending event to report.
 #2 - if no pending event, pull events out of the kernel, and store
      them in the LWP structures as pending.
 #3- goto #1.

2) Then, currently the event randomization code only considers SIGTRAP
(or trap-like) events.  That means that if e.g., have have multiple
threads stepping in parallel that hit a breakpoint that needs stepping
over, and one gets a signal, the signal may end up never getting
processed, because GDB will always be giving priority to the SIGTRAPs.
The patch fixes this by making the randomization code consider all
kinds of pending events.

3) If multiple threads hit a breakpoint, we report one of those, and
"cancel" the others.  Cancelling means decrementing the PC, and
discarding the event.  If the next time the LWP is resumed the
breakpoint is still installed, the LWP should hit it again, and we'll
report the hit then.  The problem I found is that this delays threads
from advancing too much, with the kernel potentially ending up
scheduling the same threads over and over, and others not advancing.
So the patch switches away from cancelling the breakpoints, and
instead remembering that the LWP had stopped for a breakpoint.  If on
resume the breakpoint is still installed, we report it.  If it's no
longer installed, we discard the pending event then.  This is actually
how GDBserver used to handle this before d50171e4 (Teach linux
gdbserver to step-over-breakpoints), but with the difference that back
then we'd delay adjusting the PC until resuming, which made it so that
"info threads" could wrongly see threads with unadjusted PCs.

gdb/
2015-01-09  Pedro Alves  <palves@redhat.com>

	* breakpoint.c (hardware_breakpoint_inserted_here_p): New
	function.
	* breakpoint.h (hardware_breakpoint_inserted_here_p): New
	declaration.
	* linux-nat.c (linux_nat_status_is_event): Move higher up in file.
	(linux_resume_one_lwp): Store the thread's PC.  Adjust to clear
	stop_reason.
	(check_stopped_by_watchpoint): New function.
	(save_sigtrap): Reimplement.
	(linux_nat_stopped_by_watchpoint): Adjust.
	(linux_nat_lp_status_is_event): Delete.
	(stop_wait_callback): Only call save_sigtrap after storing the
	pending status.
	(status_callback): If the thread had been stopped for a breakpoint
	that has since been removed, discard the event and resume the LWP.
	(count_events_callback, select_event_lwp_callback): Use
	lwp_status_pending_p instead of linux_nat_lp_status_is_event.
	(cancel_breakpoint): Rename to ...
	(check_stopped_by_breakpoint): ... this.  Record whether the LWP
	stopped for a software breakpoint or hardware breakpoint.
	(select_event_lwp): Only give preference to the stepping LWP in
	all-stop mode.  Adjust comments.
	(stop_and_resume_callback): Remove references to new_pending_p.
	(linux_nat_filter_event): Likewise.  Leave exit events of the
	leader thread pending here.  Handle signal short circuiting here.
	Only call save_sigtrap after storing the pending waitstatus.
	(linux_nat_wait_1): Remove 'retry' label.  Remove references to
	new_pending.  Don't handle leaving events the caller is not
	interested in pending here, nor handle signal short-circuiting
	here.  Also give equal priority to all LWPs that have had events
	in non-stop mode.  If reporting a software breakpoint event,
	unadjust the LWP's PC.
	* linux-nat.h (enum lwp_stop_reason): New.
	(struct lwp_info) <stop_pc>: New field.
	(struct lwp_info) <stopped_by_watchpoint>: Delete field.
	(struct lwp_info) <stop_reason>: New field.
	* x86-linux-nat.c (x86_linux_prepare_to_resume): Adjust.
2015-01-09 14:42:03 +00:00

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C

/* Native debugging support for GNU/Linux (LWP layer).
Copyright (C) 2000-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GDB.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
#include "target.h"
#include <signal.h>
struct arch_lwp_info;
/* Reasons an LWP last stopped. */
enum lwp_stop_reason
{
/* Either not stopped, or stopped for a reason that doesn't require
special tracking. */
LWP_STOPPED_BY_NO_REASON,
/* Stopped by a software breakpoint. */
LWP_STOPPED_BY_SW_BREAKPOINT,
/* Stopped by a hardware breakpoint. */
LWP_STOPPED_BY_HW_BREAKPOINT,
/* Stopped by a watchpoint. */
LWP_STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT
};
/* Structure describing an LWP. This is public only for the purposes
of ALL_LWPS; target-specific code should generally not access it
directly. */
struct lwp_info
{
/* The process id of the LWP. This is a combination of the LWP id
and overall process id. */
ptid_t ptid;
/* If this flag is set, we need to set the event request flags the
next time we see this LWP stop. */
int must_set_ptrace_flags;
/* Non-zero if this LWP is cloned. In this context "cloned" means
that the LWP is reporting to its parent using a signal other than
SIGCHLD. */
int cloned;
/* Non-zero if we sent this LWP a SIGSTOP (but the LWP didn't report
it back yet). */
int signalled;
/* Non-zero if this LWP is stopped. */
int stopped;
/* Non-zero if this LWP will be/has been resumed. Note that an LWP
can be marked both as stopped and resumed at the same time. This
happens if we try to resume an LWP that has a wait status
pending. We shouldn't let the LWP run until that wait status has
been processed, but we should not report that wait status if GDB
didn't try to let the LWP run. */
int resumed;
/* The last resume GDB requested on this thread. */
enum resume_kind last_resume_kind;
/* If non-zero, a pending wait status. */
int status;
/* When 'stopped' is set, this is where the lwp last stopped, with
decr_pc_after_break already accounted for. If the LWP is
running, and stepping, this is the address at which the lwp was
resumed (that is, it's the previous stop PC). If the LWP is
running and not stepping, this is 0. */
CORE_ADDR stop_pc;
/* Non-zero if we were stepping this LWP. */
int step;
/* The reason the LWP last stopped, if we need to track it
(breakpoint, watchpoint, etc.) */
enum lwp_stop_reason stop_reason;
/* On architectures where it is possible to know the data address of
a triggered watchpoint, STOPPED_DATA_ADDRESS_P is non-zero, and
STOPPED_DATA_ADDRESS contains such data address. Otherwise,
STOPPED_DATA_ADDRESS_P is false, and STOPPED_DATA_ADDRESS is
undefined. Only valid if STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT is true. */
int stopped_data_address_p;
CORE_ADDR stopped_data_address;
/* Non-zero if we expect a duplicated SIGINT. */
int ignore_sigint;
/* If WAITSTATUS->KIND != TARGET_WAITKIND_SPURIOUS, the waitstatus
for this LWP's last event. This may correspond to STATUS above,
or to a local variable in lin_lwp_wait. */
struct target_waitstatus waitstatus;
/* Signal wether we are in a SYSCALL_ENTRY or
in a SYSCALL_RETURN event.
Values:
- TARGET_WAITKIND_SYSCALL_ENTRY
- TARGET_WAITKIND_SYSCALL_RETURN */
int syscall_state;
/* The processor core this LWP was last seen on. */
int core;
/* Arch-specific additions. */
struct arch_lwp_info *arch_private;
/* Next LWP in list. */
struct lwp_info *next;
};
/* The global list of LWPs, for ALL_LWPS. Unlike the threads list,
there is always at least one LWP on the list while the GNU/Linux
native target is active. */
extern struct lwp_info *lwp_list;
/* Iterate over each active thread (light-weight process). */
#define ALL_LWPS(LP) \
for ((LP) = lwp_list; \
(LP) != NULL; \
(LP) = (LP)->next)
/* Attempt to initialize libthread_db. */
void check_for_thread_db (void);
int thread_db_attach_lwp (ptid_t ptid);
/* Return the set of signals used by the threads library. */
extern void lin_thread_get_thread_signals (sigset_t *mask);
/* Find process PID's pending signal set from /proc/pid/status. */
void linux_proc_pending_signals (int pid, sigset_t *pending,
sigset_t *blocked, sigset_t *ignored);
extern int lin_lwp_attach_lwp (ptid_t ptid);
extern void linux_stop_lwp (struct lwp_info *lwp);
/* Iterator function for lin-lwp's lwp list. */
struct lwp_info *iterate_over_lwps (ptid_t filter,
int (*callback) (struct lwp_info *,
void *),
void *data);
/* Create a prototype generic GNU/Linux target. The client can
override it with local methods. */
struct target_ops * linux_target (void);
/* Create a generic GNU/Linux target using traditional
ptrace register access. */
struct target_ops *
linux_trad_target (CORE_ADDR (*register_u_offset)(struct gdbarch *, int, int));
/* Register the customized GNU/Linux target. This should be used
instead of calling add_target directly. */
void linux_nat_add_target (struct target_ops *);
/* Register a method to call whenever a new thread is attached. */
void linux_nat_set_new_thread (struct target_ops *, void (*) (struct lwp_info *));
/* Register a method to call whenever a new fork is attached. */
typedef void (linux_nat_new_fork_ftype) (struct lwp_info *parent,
pid_t child_pid);
void linux_nat_set_new_fork (struct target_ops *ops,
linux_nat_new_fork_ftype *fn);
/* Register a method to call whenever a process is killed or
detached. */
typedef void (linux_nat_forget_process_ftype) (pid_t pid);
void linux_nat_set_forget_process (struct target_ops *ops,
linux_nat_forget_process_ftype *fn);
/* Call the method registered with the function above. PID is the
process to forget about. */
void linux_nat_forget_process (pid_t pid);
/* Register a method that converts a siginfo object between the layout
that ptrace returns, and the layout in the architecture of the
inferior. */
void linux_nat_set_siginfo_fixup (struct target_ops *,
int (*) (siginfo_t *,
gdb_byte *,
int));
/* Register a method to call prior to resuming a thread. */
void linux_nat_set_prepare_to_resume (struct target_ops *,
void (*) (struct lwp_info *));
/* Update linux-nat internal state when changing from one fork
to another. */
void linux_nat_switch_fork (ptid_t new_ptid);
/* Store the saved siginfo associated with PTID in *SIGINFO.
Return 1 if it was retrieved successfully, 0 otherwise (*SIGINFO is
uninitialized in such case). */
int linux_nat_get_siginfo (ptid_t ptid, siginfo_t *siginfo);
/* Set alternative SIGTRAP-like events recognizer. */
void linux_nat_set_status_is_event (struct target_ops *t,
int (*status_is_event) (int status));