1327 lines
49 KiB
Plaintext
1327 lines
49 KiB
Plaintext
\input texinfo @c -*-para-*-
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@c %**start of header
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@setfilename configure.info
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@settitle Cygnus Configure
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@c %**end of header
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@synindex ky cp
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@tex
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\def\$#1${{#1}} % Kluge: collect RCS revision info without $...$
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\xdef\manvers{\$Revision$} % For use in headers, footers too
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@end tex
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@setchapternewpage off
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@ifinfo
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This document attempts to describe the Cygnus Support version of
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@code{configure}.
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Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Cygnus Support
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Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
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this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
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are preserved on all copies.
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@ignore
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Permission is granted to process this file through TeX and print the
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results, provided the printed document carries copying permission
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notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph
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(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual).
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@end ignore
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Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
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manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire
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resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission
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notice identical to this one.
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Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
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into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions,
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except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved
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by Cygnus Support.
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@end ifinfo
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@titlepage
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@sp 10
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@title{Cygnus Configure}
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@subtitle @manvers, for Cygnus Configure version 1.84
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@author{K. Richard Pixley, @code{rich@@cygnus.com}}
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@author{Cygnus Support}
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@page
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@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
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Copyright @copyright{} 1991, 1992 Cygnus Support
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Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
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this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
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are preserved on all copies.
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Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
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manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire
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resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission
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notice identical to this one.
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Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
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into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions,
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except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved
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by Cygnus Support.
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@end titlepage
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@ifinfo
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@format
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START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
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* configure: (configure.info). Cygnus configure.
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END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
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@end format
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@node top, What Configure Does, (dir), (dir)
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@top top
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This file documents the configuration system used and distributed by
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Cygnus Support.
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@menu
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* What Configure Does:: What Configure Does
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* Invoking:: Invoking
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* Using Configure:: Using Configure
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* Porting:: Porting with Configure
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* Reference:: Gory details described
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* Known Bugs:: Known Bugs
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* Variables Index:: Variable Index
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* Concept Index:: Concept Index
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--- The Detailed Node Listing ---
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Using Configure
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* Install Locations:: Where to install things once they are built
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* Build Directories:: Where to build object files
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* Host:: Telling @code{configure} what will source will
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be built
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* Target:: Telling @code{configure} what the source will
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target
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* Local Conventions:: Adding information about local conventions
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Install Locations
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* prefix:: Changing the default install directory
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* exec_prefix:: How to separate host independent files
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from host dependent files when
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installing for multiple hosts
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* Install Details:: Full descriptions of all installation
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subdirectories
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Porting with Configure
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* Programs:: Adding configure to new programs
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* Hosts and Targets:: Adding hosts and targets
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* Sites:: Adding site info
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Gory details described
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* Makefile Extensions:: Extensions to the @sc{gnu} coding standards
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* configure.in:: The format of the configure.in file
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* config.status:: config.status
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* Makefile Fragments:: Makefile Fragments
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The format of the @file{configure.in} file
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* Minimal:: A minimal configure.in
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* Configure Variables:: Variables available to configure.in
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* Declarations:: For each invocation
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* Per-host:: For each host
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* Per-target:: For each target
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* Post-target:: After each target
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* Example:: An example configure.in
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@end menu
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@end ifinfo
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@node What Configure Does, Invoking, top, top
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@chapter What Configure Does
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@code{configure} prepares source directories for building working
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programs. A program cannot be built until its source has been
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configured. When configure runs, it does the following things.
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@table @emph
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@item Create build directories
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(see @ref{Build Directories}). When you run @code{configure} with the
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@code{-srcdir=} option, it uses the current directory as build
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directory, creating under it a directory tree that parallels the
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directory structure under the source directory. (See @ref{Invoking}).
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@item Generate makefiles
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A makefile template from the source directory, usually called
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@file{Makefile.in}, is copied to an output file in the build directory.
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The output file is usually named @file{Makefile}. @code{configure}
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places definitions for a number of standard makefile macros at the
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beginning of the output file. If @code{-prefix=} or @code{-exec_prefix}
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were specified on the @code{configure} command line, corresponding
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makefile variables are set accordingly. If host, target, or site
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specific makefile fragments exist, these are inserted into the output
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file. (See @ref{Makefiles, , , make, Makefiles}.)
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@item Generate @file{.gdbinit} If the source directory contains a
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@file{.gdbinit} file and the build directory is not the same as the
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source directory, a @file{.gdbinit} file is created in the build
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directory. This @file{.gdbinit} file contains @code{dir} commands and
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a @code{source} command, which will cause the @file{.gdbinit} file from
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the source directory to be read by GDB, and will allow GDB to find
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source files in either the source directory or the build directory.
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(see @ref{Command Files, , , gdb, Command Files}.)
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@item Make symbolic links
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Most directories have some symbolic links with generic names built
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pointing to specific files in the source directory. If the system where
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@code{configure} runs cannot support symbolic links, hard links are used
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instead.
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@item Miscellaneous
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If the source directory has special needs, they are handled by shell
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script fragments stored with the source. Usually there are no special
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needs, but sometimes they involve changes to the output makefile.
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@item Generate @file{config.status}
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@code{configure} creates a shell script named @file{config.status} in
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the build directory. This shell script, when run from the build
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directory, will reconfigure the build directory (but not its
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subdirectories). This is most often used to have a @code{Makefile} update
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itself automatically if a new source directory is available.
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@item Recursion
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If the source directory has subdirectories that should also be
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configured, @code{configure} is called for each.
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@end table
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@node Invoking, Using Configure, What Configure Does, top
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@chapter Invoking
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The usual way to invoke @code{configure} is as follows:
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@example
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configure @var{host}
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@end example
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This prepares the source to be compiled in a
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@var{host} environment with programs and files to be installed in
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@file{/usr/local}.
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@code{configure} prepares the source as you specify by selecting and
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using script and Makefile fragments prepared in advance, and stored with
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the source. @code{configure}'s command line options also allow you to
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specify other aspects of the source configuration:
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@table @code
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@item -exec_prefix=@var{dir}
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Configure the source to install host dependent files in @var{dir}.
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This option sets the @code{configure} variable @code{exec_prefix}.
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Generated Makefiles will have their @code{exec_prefix} variables set to
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this value. (See @ref{Install Details}.)
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@item -gas
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Configure to use the @sc{GNU} assembler.
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@item -help
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Display a quick summary of how to invoke @code{configure}.
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@item -host=@var{host}
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FIXME-soon: I don't think this option should be documented.
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@c Then why does it exist? /Pesch 7jan92
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@item -nfp
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@emph{No floating point} unit available on the target; configure to
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avoid dependencies on hardware floating point.
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@item -norecursion
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Configure only this directory; ignore any subdirectories. This is used
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by the executable shell script @file{config.status} to reconfigure the
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current directory. (see @ref{config.status}).
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@item -prefix=@var{dir}
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Configure the source to install programs and files under directory
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@file{@var{dir}}.
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This option sets the @code{configure} variable @code{prefix}. Generated
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Makefiles will have their @code{prefix} variables set to this value.
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(See @ref{Install Details}.)
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@item -recurring
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@c Wouldn't it make more sense to call this "-quiet"? (FIXME).
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This option is used internally by @code{configure} when recurring on
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subdirectories. Its sole purpose is to suppress status output. You can
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override this effect with the @code{-verbose} option.
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@item -rm
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@emph{Remove} the configuration specified by @var{host} and the other
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command-line options, rather than creating it.
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@item -site=@var{site}
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Generate Makefiles using site specific Makefile fragments for
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@var{site}. See also @ref{Sites}.
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@item -srcdir=@var{_dir}
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Build Makefiles to use the sources located in directory @file{@var{dir}}. The
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build directory is assumed to be @file{.}.
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@item -target=@var{target}
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Requests that the sources be configured to target the @var{target}
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machine. If no target is specified explicitly, the target is assumed
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to be the same as the host.
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@item -tmpdir=@var{tmpdir}
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Use the directory @var{tmpdir} for @code{configure}'s temporary files.
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The default is the value of the environment variable TMPDIR, or
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@file{/tmp} if the environment variable is not set.
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@item -verbose
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@itemx -v
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Print status lines for each directory configured. Normally, only the
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status lines for the initial working directory are printed.
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@item -x
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Use @sc{MIT} style @sc{X11} header files and libraries on the host, even
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if they are not normally available.
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@end table
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@node Using Configure, Porting, Invoking, top
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@chapter Using Configure
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The choices and options available at configuration time
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generally have valid defaults, but the defaults do not cover all cases.
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The choices available include install locations, build directories,
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host, target, and local conventions.
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@menu
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* Install Locations:: Where to install things once they are built
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* Build Directories:: Where to build object files
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* Host:: Telling @code{configure} what will source will
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be built
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* Target:: Telling @code{configure} what the source will
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target
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* Local Conventions:: Adding information about local conventions
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@end menu
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@node Install Locations, Build Directories, Using Configure, Using Configure
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@section Install Locations
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@cindex Where to install
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Using the default configuration, @code{make install} creates a
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single tree of files, some of which are programs. The location of this
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tree is determined by the value of the variable @code{prefix}. The
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default value of @code{prefix} is @file{/usr/local}. This is
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often correct for native tools installed on only one host.
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@menu
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* prefix:: Changing the default install directory
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* exec_prefix:: How to separate host independent files
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from host dependent files when
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installing for multiple hosts
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* Install Details:: Full descriptions of all installation
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subdirectories
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@end menu
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@node prefix, exec_prefix, Install Locations, Install Locations
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@subsection Changing the default install directory
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@cindex Changing the default install directory
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@cindex Prefix directory
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In the default configuration, all files are installed in subdirectories
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of @file{/usr/local}. The location is determined by the value of
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the @code{configure} variable @code{prefix}; in turn, this determines the
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value of the Makefile variable of the same name (@code{prefix}).
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You can also set the value of the Makefile variable @code{prefix}
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explicitly each time you invoke @code{make} if you are so inclined; but
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because many programs have this location compiled in, you must specify
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the @code{prefix} value consistently on each invocation of @code{make},
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or you will end up with a broken installation.
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To make this easier, the value of the @code{configure} variable
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@code{prefix} can be set on the command line to @code{configure}
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using the option @code{-prefix=}.
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@node exec_prefix, Install Details, prefix, Install Locations
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@subsection Installing for multiple hosts
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@cindex Configuring for multiple hosts
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@cindex Sharing host independent files
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@cindex The @file{exec_prefix} directory
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@cindex Installing host independent files
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By default, host dependent files are installed in subdirectories of
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@file{@var{exec_prefix}}. The location is determined by the value of the
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@code{configure} variable @code{exec_prefix}, which determines the value of
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the Makefile variable @code{exec_prefix}. This makes it simpler to install
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for a single host, and simplifies changing the default location for the
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install tree; but the default doesn't allow for multiple hosts to
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effectively share host independent files.
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To configure so that multiple hosts can share common files, use
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something like:
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@example
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configure @var{host1} -prefix=/usr/gnu -exec_prefix=/usr/gnu/H-host1
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make all info install install-info clean
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configure @var{host2} -prefix=/usr/gnu -exec_prefix=/usr/gnu/H-host2
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make all info install install-info
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@end example
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The first line configures the source for @var{host1} to place host
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specific programs in subdirectories of @file{/usr/gnu/H-@var{host1}}.
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The second line builds and installs all programs for @var{host1},
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including both host independent and host specific files.
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The third line reconfigures the source for @var{host2} to place host
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specific programs in subdirectories of @file{/usr/gnu/H-@var{host2}}.
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The fourth line builds and installs all programs for @var{host2}. Host
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specific files are installed in new directories, but the host
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independent files are installed @emph{on top of} the host
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independent files installed for @var{host1}. This results in a single
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copy of the host independent files, suitable for use by both hosts.
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@node Install Details, , exec_prefix, Install Locations
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@subsection Full descriptions of all installation subdirectories
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During any install, a number of standard directories are created. Their
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names are determined by Makefile variables. Some of the
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defaults for Makefile variables can be changed at configure time using
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command line options to @code{configure}. For more information on the
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standard directories or the Makefile variables, please refer to
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@cite{standards.text}.
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Note that @code{configure} does not create the directory @code{srcdir}
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at any time. @code{srcdir} is not an installation directory.
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You can override all makefile variables on the command line to
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@code{make}. (See @ref{Overriding, Overriding Variables, Overriding
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Variables, make, Make}.) If you do so, you will need to specify the
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|
value precisely the same way for each invocation of @code{make}, or you
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risk ending up with a broken installation. This is because many
|
|
programs have the locations of other programs or files compiled into
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them. If you find yourself overriding any of the variables frequently,
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you should consider site dependent Makefile fragments. See also
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@ref{Sites}.
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During @code{make install}, a number of standard directories are
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created and populated. The following Makefile variables define them.
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Those whose defaults are set by corresponding @code{configure} variables
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are marked ``Makefile and configure''.
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@vindex prefix
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@defvr {Makefile and configure} prefix
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The root of the installation tree. You can set
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its Makefile default with the @code{-prefix=} command line option to
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@code{configure}. (@ref{Invoking}.) The default value for
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@code{prefix} is @file{/usr/local}.
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@end defvr
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@vindex bindir
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@defvr Makefile bindir
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A directory for binary programs that users can run.
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|
The default value for @code{bindir} depends on @code{prefix};
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@code{bindir} is normally changed only indirectly through @code{prefix}.
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The default value for @code{bindir} is @file{$(prefix)/bin}.
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@end defvr
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@vindex exec_prefix
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@defvr {Makefile and configure} exec_prefix
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A directory for host dependent files. You can specify the Makefile
|
|
default value by using the @code{-exec_prefix=} option to @code{configure}.
|
|
(See also @ref{Invoking}.) The default value for @code{exec_prefix} is
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@file{$(prefix)}.
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@end defvr
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@vindex libdir
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@defvr Makefile libdir
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A directory for libraries and support programs. The default value for
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|
@code{libdir} depends on @code{prefix}; @code{libdir} is normally
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changed only indirectly through @code{prefix}. The default value for
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@code{libdir} is @file{$(prefix)/lib}.
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@end defvr
|
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|
@vindex mandir
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@defvr Makefile mandir
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|
A directory for @code{man} format documentation (``man pages''). The
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|
default value for @code{mandir} depends on @code{prefix};
|
|
@code{mandir} is normally changed only indirectly through @code{prefix}.
|
|
The default value for @code{mandir} is @file{$(prefix)/man}.
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@end defvr
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|
@vindex man@var{N}dir
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@defvr Makefile man@var{N}dir
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|
There are eight variables named @code{man1dir}, @code{man2dir}, etc.
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|
They name the specific directories for each man page section. For
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|
example, @code{man1dir} holds @file{emacs.1} (the man page for the emacs
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program), while @code{man5dir} holds @file{rcsfile.5} (the man page
|
|
describing the @code{rcs} data file format). The default value for any
|
|
of the @code{man@var{N}dir} variables depends indirectly on
|
|
@code{prefix}, and is normally changed only through @code{prefix}. The
|
|
default value for @code{man@var{N}dir} is
|
|
@file{$(mandir)/man@var{N}}.
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@end defvr
|
|
|
|
@vindex manext
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|
@defvr Makefile manext
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|
@emph{Not supported by @code{configure}}. The @sc{gnu} coding standards
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do not call for @code{man1ext}, @code{man2ext}, so the intended use for
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@code{manext} is apparently not parallel to @code{mandir}. Its use is
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not clear. (See also @ref{Makefile Extensions}.)
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@end defvr
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|
@vindex infodir
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|
@defvr Makefile infodir
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|
A directory for @emph{info} format documentation. The default value for
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|
@code{infodir} depends indirectly on @code{prefix}; @code{infodir} is
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|
normally changed only through @code{prefix}. The default value for
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@code{infodir} is @file{$(prefix)/info}.
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@end defvr
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|
@vindex docdir
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|
@defvr Makefile docdir
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|
A directory for any documentation that is in a format other than those
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|
used by @code{info} or @code{man}. The default value for @code{docdir}
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|
depends indirectly on @code{prefix}; @code{docdir} is normally changed only
|
|
through @code{prefix}. The default value for @code{docdir}
|
|
is @file{$(datadir)/doc}. @emph{This variable is an extension to
|
|
the @sc{gnu} coding standards}. (See also @ref{Makefile Extensions}.)
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|
@end defvr
|
|
|
|
@vindex includedir
|
|
@defvr Makefile includedir
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|
A directory for the header files accompanying the libraries installed in
|
|
@code{libdir}. The default value for @code{includedir} depends on
|
|
@code{prefix}; @code{includedir} is normally changed only indirectly
|
|
through @code{prefix}. The default value for @code{includedir} is
|
|
@file{$(prefix)/include}.
|
|
@end defvr
|
|
|
|
@node Build Directories, Host, Install Locations, Using Configure
|
|
@section Build Directories
|
|
@cindex Build directories
|
|
@kindex objdir
|
|
@cindex Object directories
|
|
@kindex subdirs
|
|
@cindex Building for multiple hosts
|
|
@cindex Building for multiple targets
|
|
|
|
Normally, @code{configure} builds a @file{Makefile} and symbolic links
|
|
in the same directory as the source files. This is the typical
|
|
@sc{un*x} way to build programs, but it has limitations. For instance,
|
|
using this approach, you can only build for one host at a time.
|
|
|
|
We refer to the directories where @code{configure} builds a
|
|
Makefile as the @emph{build directories} or sometimes as
|
|
@emph{objdir} because these are the directories in which @code{make}
|
|
will build object files, among other things.
|
|
|
|
The default build directory is the same as the source directory.
|
|
You can use a different build directory with a sequence like the following:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
mkdir @var{builddir}
|
|
cd @var{builddir}
|
|
configure @var{host} -srcdir=@var{sourcedirectory}
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
where @var{builddir} is the directory where you wish to build,
|
|
@var{host} is the host for which you want to build, and
|
|
@var{sourcedirectory} is the directory containing the source files.
|
|
|
|
If you were to do this twice with different values for @var{builddir}
|
|
and @var{host}, then you could @code{make} for both at the same time.
|
|
|
|
@node Host, Target, Build Directories, Using Configure
|
|
@section Host
|
|
|
|
The arguments to @code{configure} are @emph{hosts}. By @emph{host} we
|
|
mean the environment in which the source will be compiled. This need
|
|
not necessarily be the same as the physical machine involved,
|
|
although it usually is.
|
|
|
|
For example, if some obscure machine running an operating system other
|
|
than @sc{un*x} had the @sc{gnu} @sc{posix} emulation libraries
|
|
available, it would be possible to configure most @sc{gnu} source for a
|
|
@sc{posix} system and build it on the obscure host.
|
|
|
|
For more on this topic, see @ref{Host Environments, , Host Environments,
|
|
cfg-paper, On Configuring Development Tools}.
|
|
|
|
@node Target, Local Conventions, Host, Using Configure
|
|
@section Target
|
|
|
|
For building native development tools, or most of the other @sc{gnu}
|
|
tools, you need not worry about the target. The @emph{target} of a
|
|
configuration defaults to the same as the @emph{host}.
|
|
|
|
For building cross development tools, please see @ref{Building
|
|
Development Environments, , Building Development Environments,
|
|
cfg-paper, On Configuring Development Tools}.
|
|
|
|
@node Local Conventions, , Target, Using Configure
|
|
@section Local Conventions
|
|
|
|
If you find that a tool does not get configured to your liking, or if
|
|
@code{configure}'s conventions differ from your local conventions, you
|
|
should probably consider site specific Makefile fragments. See also
|
|
@ref{Sites}.
|
|
|
|
These are probably not the right choice for options that can be set from
|
|
the @code{configure} command line or for differences that are host or
|
|
target dependent.
|
|
|
|
@node Porting, Reference, Using Configure, top
|
|
@chapter Porting with Configure
|
|
@cindex Porting
|
|
|
|
This section explains how to add programs, host and target configuration
|
|
names, and site-specific information to Cygnus configure.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Programs:: Adding configure to new programs
|
|
* Hosts and Targets:: Adding hosts and targets
|
|
* Sites:: Adding site info
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
|
|
@node Programs, Hosts and Targets, Porting, Porting
|
|
@section Adding Configure To New Programs
|
|
|
|
If you are writing a new program, you probably shouldn't worry about
|
|
porting issues or configure until it is running reasonably on some host.
|
|
Then refer back to this section.
|
|
|
|
If the program in question currently has a configure script that meets
|
|
the criteria set out by @cite{standards.text}, please do not add Cygnus
|
|
configure. It should be possible to add this program without change to
|
|
a Cygnus configure style source tree.
|
|
|
|
If the program is not target dependent, please consider using
|
|
@code{autoconf} instead of Cygnus configure. @code{autoconf} will
|
|
be available soon from the @sc{fsf}.
|
|
|
|
To add Cygnus configure to an existing program, do the following:
|
|
|
|
@table @asis
|
|
@item Make sure the Makefile conforms to @sc{gnu} standard
|
|
The coding standard for @sc{gnu} Makefiles is described in
|
|
@cite{standards.text}.
|
|
|
|
@item Add Cygnus extensions to the Makefile
|
|
These are described in @ref{Makefile Extensions}.
|
|
|
|
@item Move host support from Makefile to fragments
|
|
This usually involves finding sections of the Makefile that say things
|
|
like ``uncomment these lines for host foo'' and moving them to a new
|
|
file called @file{./config/mh-foo}. For more information, see @ref{Hosts
|
|
and Targets}.
|
|
|
|
@item Choose defaults
|
|
If the program has compile time options that determine the way the
|
|
program should behave, chose reasonable defaults and make these Makefile
|
|
variables. Be sure the variables are assigned their default values
|
|
before the @code{####} line so that site specific Makefile fragments can
|
|
override them (@pxref{Makefile Extensions,,Extensions to the @sc{gnu}
|
|
coding standards}).
|
|
|
|
@item Locate configuration files
|
|
If there is configuration information in header files or source files,
|
|
separate it in such a way that the files have a generic name. Then move
|
|
the specific instances of those files into the @file{./config}
|
|
directory.
|
|
|
|
@item Separate host and target information
|
|
Some programs already have this information separated. If yours does
|
|
not, you will need to separate these two kinds of configuration
|
|
information. @dfn{Host specific} information is the information needed to
|
|
compile the program. @dfn{Target specific} information is information on the
|
|
format of data files that the program will read or write. This
|
|
information should live in separate files in the @file{./config}
|
|
directory with names that reflect the configuration for which they are
|
|
intended.
|
|
|
|
At this point you might skip this step and simply move on. If you do,
|
|
you should end up with a program that can be configured only to build
|
|
native tools, that is, tools for which the host system is also the
|
|
target system. Later, you could attempt to build a cross tool and
|
|
separate out the target specific information by figuring out what went
|
|
wrong. This is often simpler than combing through all of the source
|
|
code.
|
|
|
|
@item Write @code{configure.in}
|
|
Usually this involves writing shell script fragments to map from
|
|
canonical configuration names into the names of the configuration files.
|
|
These files will then be linked at configure time from the specific
|
|
instances of those files in @file{./config} to file in the build
|
|
directory with more generic names. (see also @ref{Build Directories}).
|
|
The format of configure.in is described in @ref{configure.in}.
|
|
|
|
@item Rename @file{Makefile} to @file{Makefile.in}
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
At this point you should have a program that can be configured using
|
|
Cygnus @code{configure}.
|
|
|
|
@node Hosts and Targets, Sites, Programs, Porting
|
|
@section Adding hosts and targets
|
|
|
|
To add a host or target to a program that already uses Cygnus
|
|
configure, do the following.
|
|
|
|
@itemize @bullet
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Make sure the new configuration name is represented in
|
|
@file{config.sub}. If not, add it. For more details, see the comments
|
|
in the shell script @file{config.sub}.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
If you are adding a host configuration, look in @file{configure.in}, in
|
|
the per-host section. Make sure that your configuration name is
|
|
represented in the mapping from host configuration names to
|
|
configuration files. If not, add it. Also see @ref{configure.in}.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
If you are adding a target configuration, look in @file{configure.in},
|
|
in the per-target section. Make sure that your configuration name is
|
|
represented in the mapping from target configuration names to
|
|
configuration files. If not, add it. Also see @ref{configure.in}.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Look in @file{configure.in} for the variables @samp{files},
|
|
@samp{links}, @samp{host_makefile_frag}, and
|
|
@samp{target_makefile_frag}. The values assigned to these variables are
|
|
the names of the configuration files, relative to @code{srcdir} that the
|
|
program uses. Make sure that copies of the files exist for your host.
|
|
If not, create them. See also @ref{Configure Variables}.
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
This should be enough to configure for a new host or target
|
|
configuration name. Getting the program to compile and run properly
|
|
remains the hard work of the port.
|
|
|
|
@node Sites, , Hosts and Targets, Porting
|
|
@section Adding site info
|
|
|
|
If some of the Makefile defaults are not right for your site, you can
|
|
build site specific Makefile fragments. To do this, do the following.
|
|
|
|
@itemize @bullet
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Choose a name for your site. It must be less than eleven characters for
|
|
now.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
If the program source does not have a @file{./config} directory, create it.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Create a file called @file{./config/ms-@var{site}} where @var{site} is
|
|
the name of your site. In it, set whatever Makefile variables you need
|
|
to override to match your site's conventions.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Configure the program with:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
configure @dots{} +site=@var{site}
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@node Reference, Known Bugs, Porting, top
|
|
@chapter Gory details described
|
|
|
|
@cindex Backends
|
|
Here we describe the backend support.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Makefile Extensions:: Extensions to the @sc{gnu} coding standards
|
|
* configure.in:: The format of the configure.in file
|
|
* config.status:: config.status
|
|
* Makefile Fragments:: Makefile Fragments
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Makefile Extensions, configure.in, Reference, Reference
|
|
@section Extensions to the @sc{gnu} coding standards
|
|
|
|
@cindex Makefile extensions
|
|
@cindex Cygnus extensions
|
|
|
|
The following additions to the @sc{gnu} coding standards are required
|
|
for Cygnus configure to work properly.
|
|
|
|
@itemize @bullet
|
|
@item
|
|
The Makefile must contain exactly one line starting with @code{####}.
|
|
This line should follow any default macro definitions but precede any
|
|
rules. Host, target, and site specific Makefile fragments will be
|
|
inserted immediately after this line. If the line is missing, the
|
|
fragments will not be inserted.
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
Cygnus adds the following targets to our Makefiles. Their existence is
|
|
not required for Cygnus configure, but they are documented here for
|
|
completeness.
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
@kindex info
|
|
@item info
|
|
Build all info files from texinfo source.
|
|
|
|
@kindex install-info
|
|
@item install-info
|
|
Install all info files.
|
|
|
|
@kindex clean-info
|
|
@item clean-info
|
|
Remove all info files and any intermediate files that can be generated
|
|
from texinfo source.
|
|
|
|
@kindex stage1
|
|
@item stage1
|
|
@kindex stage2
|
|
@itemx stage2
|
|
@kindex stage3
|
|
@itemx stage3
|
|
@kindex stage4
|
|
@itemx stage4
|
|
@kindex de-stage1
|
|
@itemx de-stage1
|
|
@kindex de-stage2
|
|
@itemx de-stage2
|
|
@kindex de-stage3
|
|
@itemx de-stage3
|
|
@kindex de-stage4
|
|
@itemx de-stage4
|
|
@kindex bootstrap
|
|
@itemx bootstrap
|
|
@kindex comparison
|
|
@itemx comparison
|
|
@kindex Makefile
|
|
@itemx Makefile
|
|
These targets are in transition and may be removed shortly.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
In addition, the following Makefile targets have revised semantics:
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
@kindex install
|
|
@item install
|
|
Should @emph{not} depend on the target @code{all}. If the program is
|
|
not already built, @code{make install} should fail. This allows you
|
|
to install programs even when @code{make} would otherwise determine
|
|
them to be out of date. This can happen when the result of a @code{make
|
|
all} is transported via tape to another machine for installation as
|
|
well as in a number of other cases.
|
|
|
|
@kindex clean
|
|
@item clean
|
|
Should remove any file that can be regenerated by the Makefile,
|
|
excepting only the Makefile itself, and any links created by configure.
|
|
That is, @code{make all clean} should return all directories to their
|
|
original condition. If this is not done, then:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
configure @var{host1} ; make all clean ; configure @var{host2} ; make all
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
will fail because of intermediate files intended for @var{host1}.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
Cygnus adds the following macros to all @file{Makefile.in} files, but
|
|
you are not required to use them to run Cygnus configure.
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
@kindex docdir
|
|
@item docdir
|
|
The directory in which to install any documentation that is not either a
|
|
man page or an info file. For man pages, see mandir, for info, see
|
|
infodir.
|
|
|
|
@kindex includedir
|
|
@item includedir
|
|
The directory in which to install any headers files that should be made
|
|
available to users. This is distinct from the @code{gcc} include
|
|
directory which is intended for @code{gcc} only. Files in
|
|
@code{includedir} may be used by @code{cc} as well.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
In addition, the following macros have revised semantics. Most of them
|
|
describe installation directories; see also @ref{Install Details,,Full
|
|
description of all installation subdirectories}.
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
|
|
@kindex manext
|
|
@item manext
|
|
is not used. The intended usage is not clear. For example, if you have a
|
|
@file{foo.man} and a @file{bar.man}, and @file{foo.man} is destined for
|
|
@file{/usr/local/lib/man/man1/foo.1} while @file{bar.man} is destined
|
|
for @file{/usr/local/lib/man/man5/bar.5}, then what is the desired value
|
|
of @code{manext}?
|
|
|
|
@kindex datadir
|
|
@item datadir
|
|
is used for host independent data files.
|
|
|
|
@kindex mandir
|
|
@item mandir
|
|
The default path for @code{mandir} depends on @code{prefix}.
|
|
|
|
@kindex infodir
|
|
@item infodir
|
|
The default path for @code{infodir} depends on @code{prefix}.
|
|
|
|
@kindex BISON
|
|
@item BISON
|
|
is assumed to have a @code{yacc} calling convention. To use
|
|
@code{bison}, use @code{BISON=bison -y}.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
Cygnus Makefiles also conform to one additional restriction:
|
|
|
|
@itemize @bullet
|
|
@item
|
|
When libraries are installed, the line containing the call to
|
|
@code{INSTALL_DATA} should always be followed by a line containing a
|
|
call to @code{RANLIB} on the installed library. This is to accomodate
|
|
systems that use @code{ranlib}. Systems that do not use @code{ranlib}
|
|
can set @code{RANLIB} to @code{echo} in a host specific Makefile
|
|
fragment.
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@node configure.in, config.status, Makefile Extensions, Reference
|
|
@section The format of the @file{configure.in} file
|
|
@kindex configure.in
|
|
|
|
A @file{configure.in} file for Cygnus configure consists of a
|
|
@dfn{per-invocation} section, followed by a @dfn{per-host} section,
|
|
followed by a @dfn{per-target} section, optionally followed by a
|
|
@dfn{post-target} section. Each section is a shell script fragment,
|
|
which is sourced by the configure shell script at an appropriate time.
|
|
Values are passed among configure and the shell fragments through a
|
|
set of shell variables. When each section is being interpreted
|
|
(sourced) by the shell, the shell's current directory is the build
|
|
directory, and any files created by the section (or referred to by the
|
|
section) will be relative to the build directory. To reference files
|
|
in other places (such as the source directory), prepend a shell
|
|
variable such as @code{srcdir} to the desired file name.
|
|
|
|
@cindex Per-invocation section
|
|
The beginning of the @file{configure.in} file begins the per-invocation
|
|
section.
|
|
|
|
@cindex Per-host section
|
|
A line beginning with @code{# Per-host:} begins the per-host section.
|
|
|
|
@cindex Per-target section
|
|
A line beginning with @code{# Per-target:} begins the per-target
|
|
section.
|
|
|
|
@cindex Post-target section
|
|
If it exists, the post-target section begins with @code{# Per-target:}.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Minimal:: A minimal configure.in
|
|
* Configure Variables:: Variables available to configure.in
|
|
* Declarations:: For each invocation
|
|
* Per-host:: For each host
|
|
* Per-target:: For each target
|
|
* Post-target:: After each target
|
|
* Example:: An example configure.in
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Minimal, Configure Variables, configure.in, configure.in
|
|
@subsection A minimal @file{configure.in}
|
|
|
|
@cindex Minimal @file{configure.in} example
|
|
A minimal @file{configure.in} consists of four lines.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
srctrigger=foo.c
|
|
srcname="source for the foo program"
|
|
# Per-host:
|
|
# Per-target:
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
The @samp{Per-host} and @samp{Per-target} lines divide the file into the
|
|
three required sections. The @samp{srctrigger} line names a file.
|
|
@code{configure} checks to see that this file exists in the source
|
|
directory before configuring. If the @samp{srctrigger} file does not
|
|
exist, @code{configure} uses the value of @samp{srcname} to print an
|
|
error message about not finding the source.
|
|
|
|
This particular example uses no links, and only the default host,
|
|
target, and site specific Makefile fragments if they exist.
|
|
|
|
@node Configure Variables, Declarations, Minimal, configure.in
|
|
@subsection Variables available to configure.in
|
|
|
|
@cindex @file{configure.in} interface
|
|
|
|
The following variables pass information between the standard parts of
|
|
@code{configure} and the shell-script fragments in @file{configure.in}:
|
|
|
|
@defvar{srctrigger}
|
|
Contains the name of a source file that is expected to live in the
|
|
source directory. You must usually set this in the per-invocation
|
|
section of @file{configure.in}. Configure tests to see that this file
|
|
exists. If the file does not exist, configure prints an error message.
|
|
This is used as a sanity check that configure.in matches the source
|
|
directory.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{srcname}
|
|
Contains the name of the source collection contained in the source
|
|
directory. You must usually set this in the per-invocation section of
|
|
@file{configure.in}. If the file named in @code{srctrigger} does not
|
|
exist, configure uses the value of this variable when it prints the
|
|
error message.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{configdirs}
|
|
Contains the names of any subdirectories where @code{configure} should
|
|
recur. You must usually set this in the per-invocation section of
|
|
@file{configure.in}.
|
|
If @file{Makefile.in} contains a line starting with @code{SUBDIRS =},
|
|
then it will be replaced with an assignment to @code{SUBDIRS} using
|
|
the value of @code{configdirs} (if @code{subdirs} is empty). This can
|
|
be used to determine which directories to configure and build depending
|
|
on the host and target configurations.
|
|
@c Most other matching makefile/config vars use the same name. Why not
|
|
@c this? (FIXME).
|
|
@c Can we get rid of SUBDIRS-substitution? It doesn't work well with subdirs.
|
|
Use @code{configdirs} (instead of the @code{subdirs} variable
|
|
described below) if you want to be able to partition the
|
|
sub-directories, or use independent Makefile fragments.
|
|
Each sub-directory can be independent, and independently re-configured.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{subdirs}
|
|
Contains the names of any subdirectories where @code{configure} should
|
|
create a @code{Makefile} (in addition to the current directory),
|
|
@emph{without} recursively running @code{configure}.
|
|
Use @code{subdirs} (instead of the @code{configdirs} variable
|
|
described above) if you want to configure all of the directories
|
|
as a unit. Since there is a single invocation of @code{configure}
|
|
that configures many directories, all the directories can use the
|
|
same Makefile fragments, and the same @code{configure.in}.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{host}
|
|
Contains the name that the user entered for the host. Since many things
|
|
that the user could enter would map to the same output from
|
|
@code{config.sub}, this variable is innappropriate to use for picking
|
|
available configurations. For that, use @code{host_cpu},
|
|
@code{host_vendor}, and/or @code{host_os}. This variable is useful,
|
|
however, for error messages.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{host_cpu}
|
|
Contains the first element of the canonical triple representing the host
|
|
as returned by @file{config.sub}. This is occasionally used to
|
|
distinguish between minor variations of a particular vendor's operating
|
|
system and sometimes to determine variations in binary format between
|
|
the host and the target.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{host_vendor}
|
|
Contains the second element of the canonical triple representing the
|
|
host as returned by @file{config.sub}. This is usually used to
|
|
distinguish betwen the numerous variations between @emph{common}
|
|
operating systems.
|
|
@c "@emph{common} OS" doesn't convey much to me. Is this meant to cover
|
|
@c cases like Unix, widespread but with many variations?
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{host_os}
|
|
Contains the the third element of the canonical triple representing the
|
|
host as returned by @file{config.sub}.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{target}
|
|
Contains the name that the user entered for the target. Since
|
|
many things that the user could enter would map to the same canonical
|
|
triple, this variable is innappropriate to use for picking available
|
|
configurations. For that, use @code{target_cpu}, @code{target_vendor},
|
|
and/or @code{target_os}. This variable is useful, however, for error
|
|
messages.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{target_cpu}
|
|
Contains the first element of the canonical triple representing the
|
|
target as returned by @file{config.sub}. This is used heavily by
|
|
programs involved in building programs, like the compiler, assembler,
|
|
linker, etc. Most programs will not need the @code{target} variables at
|
|
all, but this one could conceivably be used to build a program, for
|
|
instance, that operated on binary data files whose byte order or
|
|
alignment differ from the system where the program is running.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{target_vendor}
|
|
Contains the second element of the canonical triple representing the
|
|
target as returned by @file{config.sub}. This is usually used to
|
|
distinguish betwen the numerous variations between @emph{common}
|
|
operating systems or object file formats. Sometimes it is used to
|
|
switch between different flavors of user interfaces.
|
|
@c above query re "@emph{common} OS" applies here too
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{target_os}
|
|
Contains the the third element of the canonical triple representing the
|
|
target as returned by @file{config.sub}. This variable is used by
|
|
development tools to distinguish between subtle variations in object
|
|
file formats that some vendors use across operating system releases. It
|
|
might also be use to decide which libraries to build or what user
|
|
interface the tool should provide.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{floating_point}
|
|
Is set to @code{no} if the user invoked configure with the @code{-nfp}
|
|
command line option, otherwise it is empty. This is a request to target
|
|
machines with @emph{no floating point} unit, even if the targets
|
|
ordinarily have floating point units available. This option has no
|
|
negation.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{gas}
|
|
Is set to @code{true} if the user invoked configure with the @code{-gas}
|
|
command line option, otherwise it is empty. This is a request to assume
|
|
that all target machines have @sc{gas} available even if they ordinarily do
|
|
not. The converse option @samp{-no-gas} is not available.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{x}
|
|
Is set to @code{true} if the user invoked configure with the @code{-x}
|
|
command line option, otherwise it is empty. This is a request to assume
|
|
that @sc{mit x11} compatible headers files and libraries are available
|
|
on all hosts, regardless of what is normally available on them.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{srcdir}
|
|
Is set to the name of the directory containing the source for this
|
|
program. This will be different from @file{.} if the user has specified
|
|
the @code{-srcdir=} option. Note that @code{srcdir} is not necessarily
|
|
an absolute path.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{host_makefile_frag}
|
|
If set by @file{configure.in}, this variable should be the name a file,
|
|
relative to @code{srcdir} to be included in the resulting Makefile. If
|
|
the named file does not exist, @code{configure} will print a warning
|
|
message. This variable is not set by @code{configure}.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{target_makefile_frag}
|
|
If set by @file{configure.in}, this variable should be the name of a
|
|
file, relative to @code{srcdir}, to be included in the resulting
|
|
Makefile. If the named file does not exist, @code{configure} will print
|
|
a warning message. This variable is not set by @code{configure}.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{site_makefile_frag}
|
|
Is set to a file name representing to the default Makefile fragment for
|
|
this host. It may be set in @file{configure.in} to override this
|
|
default. Normally @code{site_makefile_frag} is empty, but will have a
|
|
value if the user specified @code{-site=} on the command line. It is
|
|
probably not a good idea to override this variable from
|
|
@file{configure.in}, since that may defeat the @code{configure} user's
|
|
intentions.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{Makefile}
|
|
Is set to the name of the generated @file{Makefile}. Normally this
|
|
value is precisely @file{Makefile} but some programs may want something
|
|
else.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{removing}
|
|
Is normally empty but will be set to some non-empty value if the user
|
|
specified @code{-rm} on the command line. That is, if @code{removing}
|
|
is non-empty, then configure is @emph{removing} a configuration rather
|
|
than creating one.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{files}
|
|
If this variable is non-empty following the @code{per-target:} section,
|
|
then each word in its value will be the target of a symbolic link named
|
|
in the corresponding word from the @code{links} variable.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@defvar{links}
|
|
If the @code{files} variable is non-empty following the
|
|
@code{per-target:} section, then @code{configure} creates symbolic links
|
|
with the first word of @code{links} pointing to the first word of
|
|
@code{files}, the second word of @code{links} pointing to the second
|
|
word of @code{files}, and so on.
|
|
@end defvar
|
|
|
|
@node Declarations, Per-host, Configure Variables, configure.in
|
|
@subsection For each invocation
|
|
|
|
@cindex Declarations section
|
|
|
|
@code{configure} sources the entire shell script fragment from the start
|
|
of @file{configure.in} up to a line beginning with @samp{# Per-host:}
|
|
immediately after parsing command line arguments. The variables
|
|
@code{srctrigger} and @code{srcname} @emph{must} be set here.
|
|
|
|
You might also want to set the variable @code{configdirs} here.
|
|
|
|
@node Per-host, Per-target, Declarations, configure.in
|
|
@subsection For each host
|
|
@cindex per-host section
|
|
@cindex host shell-script fragment
|
|
|
|
The per-host section of @file{configure.in} starts with the line that begins
|
|
with @samp{# Per-host:} and ends before a line beginning with
|
|
@samp{# Per-target:}. @code{configure} sources the per-host section once for
|
|
each host.
|
|
|
|
This section usually contains a big case statement using the variables
|
|
@samp{host_cpu}, @samp{host_vendor}, and @samp{host_os} to determine
|
|
appropriate values for @samp{host_makefile_frag} and @samp{files},
|
|
although @samp{files} is not usually set here. Usually, it is set
|
|
at the end of the per-target section after determining the names of the
|
|
target specific configuration files.
|
|
|
|
@node Per-target, Post-target, Per-host, configure.in
|
|
@subsection For each target
|
|
@cindex per-target section
|
|
@cindex target shell-script fragment
|
|
|
|
The per-target section of @file{configure.in} starts with the line that
|
|
begins with @samp{# Per-target:} and ends before the line that begins
|
|
with @samp{# Post-target:}, if there is such a line. Otherwise the
|
|
per-target section extends to the end of the file. @code{configure} sources
|
|
the per-target section once for each target before building any files,
|
|
directories, or links.
|
|
|
|
This section usually contains a big case statement using the variables called
|
|
@samp{target_cpu}, @samp{target_vendor}, and @samp{target_os} to determine
|
|
appropriate values for @samp{target_makefile_frag} and @samp{files}.
|
|
The last lines in the per-target section normally set the variables
|
|
@code{files} and @code{links}.
|
|
|
|
@node Post-target, Example, Per-target, configure.in
|
|
@subsection After each target
|
|
|
|
The post-target section is optional. If it exists, the post-target
|
|
section starts with a line beginning with @code{# Post-target:} and
|
|
extends to the end of the file. If it exists, @code{configure} sources this
|
|
section once for each target after building all files, directories, or
|
|
links.
|
|
|
|
This section is seldom needed, but you can use it to edit the Makefile
|
|
generated by @code{configure}.
|
|
|
|
@node Example, , Post-target, configure.in
|
|
@subsection An example @file{configure.in}
|
|
@cindex example @file{configure.in}
|
|
@cindex sample @file{configure.in}
|
|
@cindex Bison @file{configure.in}
|
|
|
|
Here is a small example of a @file{configure.in} file.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
# This file is a collection of shell script fragments used to tailor
|
|
# a template configure script as appropriate for this directory.
|
|
# For more information, see configure.texi.
|
|
|
|
configdirs=
|
|
srctrigger=warshall.c
|
|
srcname="bison"
|
|
|
|
# per-host:
|
|
case "$@{host_os@}" in
|
|
m88kbcs)
|
|
host_makefile_frag=config/mh-delta88
|
|
;;
|
|
esac
|
|
|
|
# per-target:
|
|
|
|
files="bison_in.hairy"
|
|
links="bison.hairy"
|
|
|
|
# post-target:
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@node config.status, Makefile Fragments, configure.in, Reference
|
|
@section @code{config.status}
|
|
|
|
@kindex config.status
|
|
|
|
The final step in configuring a directory is to create an executable
|
|
shell script, @file{config.status}. The main purpose of this file
|
|
is to allow the Makefile for the current directory to rebuild itself, if
|
|
necessary. For this reason, @file{config.status} uses the
|
|
@samp{-norecursion} option to @code{configure}, and is therefore
|
|
probably inappropriate for reconfiguring a tree of source code.
|
|
|
|
@node Makefile Fragments, , config.status, Reference
|
|
@section Makefile Fragments
|
|
|
|
@cindex Makefile fragments
|
|
|
|
Cygnus @code{configure} uses three types of Makefile fragments. In a
|
|
generated Makefile they appear in the order target fragment, host
|
|
fragment, and site fragment. This allows host fragments to override
|
|
target fragments, and site fragments to override both.
|
|
|
|
Host specific Makefile fragments conventionally reside in the
|
|
@file{./config} directory with names of the form
|
|
@file{mh-@var{host}}. They are used for hosts that require
|
|
odd options to the standard compiler and for compile time options based
|
|
on the host configuration.
|
|
|
|
Target specific Makefile fragments conventionally reside in the
|
|
@file{./config} directory with names of the form @file{mt-@var{target}}.
|
|
They are used for target dependent compile time options.
|
|
|
|
Site specific Makefile fragments conventionally reside in the
|
|
@file{./config} directory with names of the form @file{ms-@var{site}}.
|
|
They are used to override host and target independent compile time
|
|
options. Note that you can also override these options on the
|
|
@code{make} invocation line.
|
|
|
|
@node Known Bugs, Variables Index, Reference, top
|
|
@chapter Known Bugs
|
|
|
|
@cindex bugs
|
|
|
|
We know of the following bugs:
|
|
|
|
@itemize @bullet
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
There is no way to query about known hosts, known targets, or the
|
|
porting or testing status of any configuration.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
The negations to the options @code{-gas}, @code{-x}, and @code{-nfp} are
|
|
not available.
|
|
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@page
|
|
@node Variables Index, Concept Index, Known Bugs, top
|
|
@appendix Variable Index
|
|
|
|
@printindex vr
|
|
|
|
@page
|
|
@node Concept Index, , Variables Index, top
|
|
@appendix Concept Index
|
|
|
|
@printindex cp
|
|
@contents
|
|
@bye
|
|
|
|
@c Local Variables:
|
|
@c fill-column: 79
|
|
@c outline-regexp: "@chap"
|
|
@c End:
|
|
@c (setq outline-regexp "@chapt\\\|@unnum\\\|@setf\\\|@conte\\\|@sectio\\\|@subsect\\\|@itemize\\\|@defvar{")
|