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c-tree.texi, [...]: Use two spaces after ends of sentences. 

* doc/c-tree.texi, doc/cpp.texi, doc/extend.texi, doc/gcc.texi,
	doc/install.texi, doc/invoke.texi, doc/objc.texi, doc/rtl.texi,
	doc/tm.texi: Use two spaces after ends of sentences.

From-SVN: r43594
This commit is contained in:
Joseph Myers 2001-06-26 23:47:11 +01:00 committed by Joseph Myers
parent f6823cb5cd
commit 767094ddfd
10 changed files with 241 additions and 235 deletions
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6
gcc/ChangeLog
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@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
2001-06-26 Joseph S. Myers <jsm28@cam.ac.uk>
* doc/c-tree.texi, doc/cpp.texi, doc/extend.texi, doc/gcc.texi,
doc/install.texi, doc/invoke.texi, doc/objc.texi, doc/rtl.texi,
doc/tm.texi: Use two spaces after ends of sentences.
2001-06-26 Daniel Berlin <dan@cgsoftware.com>
* toplev.c (display_help): Fix param thinko.

12
gcc/doc/c-tree.texi
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@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ This predicate holds for a pointer to function type.
@item TYPE_PTROB_P
This predicate holds for a pointer to object type. Note however that it
does not hold for the generic pointer to object type @code{void *}. You
does not hold for the generic pointer to object type @code{void *}. You
may use @code{TYPE_PTROBV_P} to test for a pointer to object type as
well as @code{void *}.
@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ the type of @code{m}.
@item TYPENAME_TYPE
Used to represent a construct of the form @code{typename T::A}. The
@code{TYPE_CONTEXT} is @code{T}; the @code{TYPE_NAME} is an
@code{IDENTIFIER_NODE} for @code{A}. If the type is specified via a
@code{IDENTIFIER_NODE} for @code{A}. If the type is specified via a
template-id, then @code{TYPENAME_TYPE_FULLNAME} yields a
@code{TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR}. The @code{TREE_TYPE} is non-@code{NULL} if the
node is implicitly generated in support for the implicit typename
@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ Almost all non-function members are available on the @code{TYPE_FIELDS}
list. Given one member, the next can be found by following the
@code{TREE_CHAIN}. You should not depend in any way on the order in
which fields appear on this list. All nodes on this list will be
@samp{DECL} nodes. A @code{FIELD_DECL} is used to represent a non-static
@samp{DECL} nodes. A @code{FIELD_DECL} is used to represent a non-static
data member, a @code{VAR_DECL} is used to represent a static data
member, and a @code{TYPE_DECL} is used to represent a type. Note that
the @code{CONST_DECL} for an enumeration constant will appear on this
@ -930,7 +930,7 @@ analogous to @code{TYPE_SIZE} and @code{TYPE_ALIGN}. For a declaration,
you should always use the @code{DECL_SIZE} and @code{DECL_ALIGN} rather
than the @code{TYPE_SIZE} and @code{TYPE_ALIGN} given by the
@code{TREE_TYPE}, since special attributes may have been applied to the
variable to give it a particular size and alignment. You may use the
variable to give it a particular size and alignment. You may use the
predicates @code{DECL_THIS_STATIC} or @code{DECL_THIS_EXTERN} to test
whether the storage class specifiers @code{static} or @code{extern} were
used to declare a variable.
@ -1640,8 +1640,8 @@ And, if an exception is thrown while the expression is executing,
@code{terminate} must be called.
@item USING_STMT
Used to represent a @code{using} directive. The namespace is given by
@code{USING_STMT_NAMESPACE}, which will be a NAMESPACE_DECL. This node
Used to represent a @code{using} directive. The namespace is given by
@code{USING_STMT_NAMESPACE}, which will be a NAMESPACE_DECL. This node
is needed inside template functions, to implement using directives
during instantiation.

20
gcc/doc/cpp.texi
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@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ Your program will be more portable this way, too.
After the textual transformations are finished, the input file is
converted into a sequence of @dfn{preprocessing tokens}. These mostly
correspond to the syntactic tokens used by the C compiler, but there are
a few differences. White space separates tokens; it is not itself a
a few differences. White space separates tokens; it is not itself a
token of any kind. Tokens do not have to be separated by white space,
but it is often necessary to avoid ambiguities.
@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ have the same meaning.
@end example
@noindent
(where @samp{^@@} is ASCII NUL). Within string or character constants,
(where @samp{^@@} is ASCII NUL). Within string or character constants,
NULs are preserved. In the latter two cases the preprocessor emits a
warning message.
@ -1634,7 +1634,7 @@ eprintf("success!\n", );
@expansion{} fprintf(stderr, "success!\n", );
@end example
GNU CPP has a pair of extensions which deal with this problem. First,
GNU CPP has a pair of extensions which deal with this problem. First,
you are allowed to leave the variable argument out entirely:
@example
@ -3092,8 +3092,8 @@ compilers. They are documented in the GCC manual.
@ftable @code
@item #pragma GCC dependency
@code{#pragma GCC dependency} allows you to check the relative dates of
the current file and another file. If the other file is more recent than
the current file, a warning is issued. This is useful if the current
the current file and another file. If the other file is more recent than
the current file, a warning is issued. This is useful if the current
file is derived from the other file, and should be regenerated. The
other file is searched for using the normal include search path.
Optional trailing text can be used to give more information in the
@ -3502,7 +3502,7 @@ by available memory.
@item Number of parameters in a macro definition and arguments in a macro call.
We allow @code{USHRT_MAX}, which is no smaller than 65,535. The minimum
We allow @code{USHRT_MAX}, which is no smaller than 65,535. The minimum
required by the standard is 127.
@item Number of characters on a logical source line.
@ -3559,7 +3559,7 @@ An assertion looks like this:
@end example
@noindent
@var{predicate} must be a single identifier. @var{answer} can be any
@var{predicate} must be a single identifier. @var{answer} can be any
sequence of tokens; all characters are significant except for leading
and trailing whitespace, and differences in internal whitespace
sequences are ignored. (This is similar to the rules governing macro
@ -3993,7 +3993,7 @@ $(objpfx)foo.o: foo.c
@item -MQ @var{target}
Same as @option{-MT}, but it quotes any characters which are special to
Make. @option{@w{-MQ '$(objpfx)foo.o'}} gives
Make. @option{@w{-MQ '$(objpfx)foo.o'}} gives
@example
$$(objpfx)foo.o: foo.c
@ -4233,13 +4233,13 @@ source line, since the first token on the line is no longer a @samp{#}.
@item -gcc
Define the macros @sc{__gnuc__}, @sc{__gnuc_minor__} and
@sc{__gnuc_patchlevel__}. These are defined automatically when you use
@sc{__gnuc_patchlevel__}. These are defined automatically when you use
@command{gcc -E}; you can turn them off in that case with
@option{-no-gcc}.
@item -traditional
Try to imitate the behavior of old-fashioned C, as opposed to ISO
C@. @xref{Traditional Mode}.
C@. @xref{Traditional Mode}.
@item -trigraphs
Process trigraph sequences. @xref{Initial processing}.

86
gcc/doc/extend.texi
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@ -2003,7 +2003,7 @@ slightly under 32kbytes of data.
Use this option on the AVR to indicate that the specified
function is an signal handler. The compiler will generate function
entry and exit sequences suitable for use in an signal handler when this
attribute is present. Interrupts will be disabled inside function.
attribute is present. Interrupts will be disabled inside function.
@item naked
@cindex function without a prologue/epilogue code
@ -2561,7 +2561,7 @@ section, consider using the facilities of the linker instead.
@cindex @code{shared} variable attribute
On Windows NT, in addition to putting variable definitions in a named
section, the section can also be shared among all running copies of an
executable or DLL. For example, this small program defines shared data
executable or DLL. For example, this small program defines shared data
by putting it in a named section @code{shared} and marking the section
shareable:
@ -3602,8 +3602,8 @@ This extension is not supported by GNU C++.
@cindex @code{__func__} identifier
GCC predefines two magic identifiers to hold the name of the current
function. The identifier @code{__FUNCTION__} holds the name of the function
as it appears in the source. The identifier @code{__PRETTY_FUNCTION__}
function. The identifier @code{__FUNCTION__} holds the name of the function
as it appears in the source. The identifier @code{__PRETTY_FUNCTION__}
holds the name of the function pretty printed in a language specific
fashion.
@ -3642,10 +3642,10 @@ __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ = int a::sub (int)
@end smallexample
The compiler automagically replaces the identifiers with a string
literal containing the appropriate name. Thus, they are neither
literal containing the appropriate name. Thus, they are neither
preprocessor macros, like @code{__FILE__} and @code{__LINE__}, nor
variables. This means that they catenate with other string literals, and
that they can be used to initialize char arrays. For example
variables. This means that they catenate with other string literals, and
that they can be used to initialize char arrays. For example
@smallexample
char here[] = "Function " __FUNCTION__ " in " __FILE__;
@ -3668,7 +3668,7 @@ static const char __func__[] = "function-name";
@end smallexample
appeared, where function-name is the name of the lexically-enclosing
function. This name is the unadorned name of the function.
function. This name is the unadorned name of the function.
@end display
By this definition, @code{__func__} is a variable, not a string literal.
@ -3991,24 +3991,24 @@ works correctly.
@cindex volatile write
@cindex volatile access
Both the C and C++ standard have the concept of volatile objects. These
are normally accessed by pointers and used for accessing hardware. The
Both the C and C++ standard have the concept of volatile objects. These
are normally accessed by pointers and used for accessing hardware. The
standards encourage compilers to refrain from optimizations
concerning accesses to volatile objects that it might perform on
non-volatile objects. The C standard leaves it implementation defined
as to what constitutes a volatile access. The C++ standard omits to
non-volatile objects. The C standard leaves it implementation defined
as to what constitutes a volatile access. The C++ standard omits to
specify this, except to say that C++ should behave in a similar manner
to C with respect to volatiles, where possible. The minimum either
to C with respect to volatiles, where possible. The minimum either
standard specifies is that at a sequence point all previous accesses to
volatile objects have stabilized and no subsequent accesses have
occurred. Thus an implementation is free to reorder and combine
occurred. Thus an implementation is free to reorder and combine
volatile accesses which occur between sequence points, but cannot do so
for accesses across a sequence point. The use of volatiles does not
for accesses across a sequence point. The use of volatiles does not
allow you to violate the restriction on updating objects multiple times
within a sequence point.
In most expressions, it is intuitively obvious what is a read and what is
a write. For instance
a write. For instance
@example
volatile int *dst = @var{somevalue};
@ -4018,12 +4018,12 @@ volatile int *src = @var{someothervalue};
@noindent
will cause a read of the volatile object pointed to by @var{src} and stores the
value into the volatile object pointed to by @var{dst}. There is no
value into the volatile object pointed to by @var{dst}. There is no
guarantee that these reads and writes are atomic, especially for objects
larger than @code{int}.
Less obvious expressions are where something which looks like an access
is used in a void context. An example would be,
is used in a void context. An example would be,
@example
volatile int *src = @var{somevalue};
@ -4032,15 +4032,15 @@ volatile int *src = @var{somevalue};
With C, such expressions are rvalues, and as rvalues cause a read of
the object, GCC interprets this as a read of the volatile being pointed
to. The C++ standard specifies that such expressions do not undergo
to. The C++ standard specifies that such expressions do not undergo
lvalue to rvalue conversion, and that the type of the dereferenced
object may be incomplete. The C++ standard does not specify explicitly
object may be incomplete. The C++ standard does not specify explicitly
that it is this lvalue to rvalue conversion which is responsible for
causing an access. However, there is reason to believe that it is,
because otherwise certain simple expressions become undefined. However,
causing an access. However, there is reason to believe that it is,
because otherwise certain simple expressions become undefined. However,
because it would surprise most programmers, G++ treats dereferencing a
pointer to volatile object of complete type in a void context as a read
of the object. When the object has incomplete type, G++ issues a
of the object. When the object has incomplete type, G++ issues a
warning.
@example
@ -4053,16 +4053,16 @@ volatile T *ptr2 = @var{somevalue};
@end example
In this example, a warning is issued for @code{*ptr1}, and @code{*ptr2}
causes a read of the object pointed to. If you wish to force an error on
causes a read of the object pointed to. If you wish to force an error on
the first case, you must force a conversion to rvalue with, for instance
a static cast, @code{static_cast<S>(*ptr1)}.
When using a reference to volatile, G++ does not treat equivalent
expressions as accesses to volatiles, but instead issues a warning that
no volatile is accessed. The rationale for this is that otherwise it
no volatile is accessed. The rationale for this is that otherwise it
becomes difficult to determine where volatile access occur, and not
possible to ignore the return value from functions returning volatile
references. Again, if you wish to force a read, cast the reference to
references. Again, if you wish to force a read, cast the reference to
an rvalue.
@node Restricted Pointers
@ -4073,7 +4073,7 @@ an rvalue.
As with gcc, g++ understands the C99 feature of restricted pointers,
specified with the @code{__restrict__}, or @code{__restrict} type
qualifier. Because you cannot compile C++ by specifying the @option{-std=c99}
qualifier. Because you cannot compile C++ by specifying the @option{-std=c99}
language flag, @code{restrict} is not a keyword in C++.
In addition to allowing restricted pointers, you can specify restricted
@ -4103,14 +4103,14 @@ void T::fn () __restrict__
@noindent
Within the body of @code{T::fn}, @var{this} will have the effective
definition @code{T *__restrict__ const this}. Notice that the
definition @code{T *__restrict__ const this}. Notice that the
interpretation of a @code{__restrict__} member function qualifier is
different to that of @code{const} or @code{volatile} qualifier, in that it
is applied to the pointer rather than the object. This is consistent with
is applied to the pointer rather than the object. This is consistent with
other compilers which implement restricted pointers.
As with all outermost parameter qualifiers, @code{__restrict__} is
ignored in function definition matching. This means you only need to
ignored in function definition matching. This means you only need to
specify @code{__restrict__} in a function definition, rather than
in a function prototype as well.
@ -4519,7 +4519,7 @@ fptr p = (fptr)(a.*fp);
@end example
For PMF constants (i.e. expressions of the form @samp{&Klasse::Member}),
no object is needed to obtain the address of the function. They can be
no object is needed to obtain the address of the function. They can be
converted to function pointers directly:
@example
@ -4609,10 +4609,10 @@ versa, but there may be bugs in this area.
@section Deprecated Features
In the past, the GNU C++ compiler was extended to experiment with new
features, at a time when the C++ language was still evolving. Now that
features, at a time when the C++ language was still evolving. Now that
the C++ standard is complete, some of those features are superseded by
superior alternatives. Using the old features might cause a warning in
some cases that the feature will be dropped in the future. In other
superior alternatives. Using the old features might cause a warning in
some cases that the feature will be dropped in the future. In other
cases, the feature might be gone already.
While the list below is not exhaustive, it documents some of the options
@ -4622,16 +4622,16 @@ that are now deprecated:
@item -fexternal-templates
@itemx -falt-external-templates
These are two of the many ways for g++ to implement template
instantiation. @xref{Template Instantiation}. The C++ standard clearly
instantiation. @xref{Template Instantiation}. The C++ standard clearly
defines how template definitions have to be organized across
implementation units. g++ has an implicit instantiation mechanism that
implementation units. g++ has an implicit instantiation mechanism that
should work just fine for standard-conforming code.
@item -fstrict-prototype
@itemx -fno-strict-prototype
Previously it was possible to use an empty prototype parameter list to
indicate an unspecified number of parameters (like C), rather than no
parameters, as C++ demands. This feature has been removed, except where
parameters, as C++ demands. This feature has been removed, except where
it is required for backwards compatibility @xref{Backwards Compatibility}.
@end table
@ -4647,11 +4647,11 @@ and will be removed from g++ at some point.
@cindex ARM [Annotated C++ Reference Manual]
Now that there is a definitive ISO standard C++, g++ has a specification
to adhere to. The C++ language evolved over time, and features that
to adhere to. The C++ language evolved over time, and features that
used to be acceptable in previous drafts of the standard, such as the ARM
[Annotated C++ Reference Manual], are no longer accepted. In order to allow
[Annotated C++ Reference Manual], are no longer accepted. In order to allow
compilation of C++ written to such drafts, g++ contains some backwards
compatibilities. @emph{All such backwards compatibility features are
compatibilities. @emph{All such backwards compatibility features are
liable to disappear in future versions of g++.} They should be considered
deprecated @xref{Deprecated Features}.
@ -4659,13 +4659,13 @@ deprecated @xref{Deprecated Features}.
@item For scope
If a variable is declared at for scope, it used to remain in scope until
the end of the scope which contained the for statement (rather than just
within the for scope). g++ retains this, but issues a warning, if such a
within the for scope). g++ retains this, but issues a warning, if such a
variable is accessed outside the for scope.
@item implicit C language
Old C system header files did not contain an @code{extern "C" @{@dots{}@}}
scope to set the language. On such systems, all header files are
implicitly scoped inside a C language scope. Also, an empty prototype
scope to set the language. On such systems, all header files are
implicitly scoped inside a C language scope. Also, an empty prototype
@code{()} will be treated as an unspecified number of arguments, rather
than no arguments, as C++ demands.
@end table

56
gcc/doc/gcc.texi
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@ -299,8 +299,8 @@ bugs. It corresponds to GCC version 3.1.
@cindex CHILL
Several versions of the compiler (C, C++, Objective-C, Fortran, Java
and CHILL) are integrated; this is why we use the name
``GNU Compiler Collection''. GCC can compile programs written in any of these
languages. The Fortran, CHILL, and Java compilers are described in
``GNU Compiler Collection''. GCC can compile programs written in any of these
languages. The Fortran, CHILL, and Java compilers are described in
separate manuals.
@cindex GCC
@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ compiler. For example, we refer to the optimization options as
affecting the behavior of ``GCC'' or sometimes just ``the compiler''.
Front ends for other languages, such as Ada 95 and Pascal exist but
have not yet been integrated into GCC. These front ends, like that for C++,
have not yet been integrated into GCC. These front ends, like that for C++,
are built in subdirectories of GCC and link to it. The result is an
integrated compiler that can compile programs written in C, C++,
Objective-C, or any of the languages for which you have installed front
@ -1603,9 +1603,9 @@ charfunc (tmp.c_str ());
@subsection Implicit Copy-Assignment for Virtual Bases
When a base class is virtual, only one subobject of the base class
belongs to each full object. Also, the constructors and destructors are
invoked only once, and called from the most-derived class. However, such
objects behave unspecified when being assigned. For example:
belongs to each full object. Also, the constructors and destructors are
invoked only once, and called from the most-derived class. However, such
objects behave unspecified when being assigned. For example:
@example
struct Base@{
@ -1638,19 +1638,19 @@ void func(Derived &d1, Derived &d2)
@end example
The C++ standard specifies that @samp{Base::Base} is only called once
when constructing or copy-constructing a Derived object. It is
when constructing or copy-constructing a Derived object. It is
unspecified whether @samp{Base::operator=} is called more than once when
the implicit copy-assignment for Derived objects is invoked (as it is
inside @samp{func} in the example).
g++ implements the ``intuitive'' algorithm for copy-assignment: assign all
direct bases, then assign all members. In that algorithm, the virtual
base subobject can be encountered many times. In the example, copying
direct bases, then assign all members. In that algorithm, the virtual
base subobject can be encountered many times. In the example, copying
proceeds in the following order: @samp{val}, @samp{name} (via
@code{strdup}), @samp{bval}, and @samp{name} again.
If application code relies on copy-assignment, a user-defined
copy-assignment operator removes any uncertainties. With such an
copy-assignment operator removes any uncertainties. With such an
operator, the application can define whether and how the virtual base
subobject is assigned.
@ -2181,7 +2181,7 @@ requires. If the bug is in the compiler proper (@file{cc1}), send the
preprocessor output generated by adding @option{-save-temps} to the
compilation command (@pxref{Debugging Options}). When you do this, use
the same @option{-I}, @option{-D} or @option{-U} options that you used in
actual compilation. Then send the @var{input}.i or @var{input}.ii files
actual compilation. Then send the @var{input}.i or @var{input}.ii files
generated.
A single statement is not enough of an example. In order to compile it,
@ -2389,15 +2389,15 @@ we should be able to reproduce the crash ourselves.
@cindex gccbug script
To simplify creation of bug reports, and to allow better tracking of
reports, we use the GNATS bug tracking system. Part of that system is
the @code{gccbug} script. This is a Unix shell script, so you need a
shell to run it. It is normally installed in the same directory where
reports, we use the GNATS bug tracking system. Part of that system is
the @code{gccbug} script. This is a Unix shell script, so you need a
shell to run it. It is normally installed in the same directory where
@code{gcc} is installed.
The gccbug script is derived from send-pr, @pxref{using
send-pr,,Creating new Problem Reports,send-pr,Reporting Problems}. When
send-pr,,Creating new Problem Reports,send-pr,Reporting Problems}. When
invoked, it starts a text editor so you can fill out the various fields
of the report. When the you quit the editor, the report is automatically
of the report. When the you quit the editor, the report is automatically
send to the bug reporting address.
A number of fields in this bug report form are specific to GCC, and are
@ -3139,7 +3139,7 @@ closing files, and sequencing the passes.
The parsing pass is invoked only once, to parse the entire input. A
high level tree representation is then generated from the input,
one function at a time. This tree code is then transformed into RTL
intermediate code, and processed. The files involved in transforming
intermediate code, and processed. The files involved in transforming
the trees into RTL are @file{expr.c}, @file{expmed.c}, and
@file{stmt.c}.
@c Note, the above files aren't strictly the only files involved. It's
@ -3342,7 +3342,7 @@ The source file of this pass is @file{sibcall.c}
@opindex di
The option @option{-di} causes a debugging dump of the RTL code after
this pass is run. This dump file's name is made by appending
this pass is run. This dump file's name is made by appending
@samp{.sibling} to the input file name.
@cindex jump optimization
@ -3405,10 +3405,10 @@ the input file name.
@cindex Single Static Assignment optimizations
@opindex fssa
@item
Static Single Assignment (SSA) based optimization passes. The
Static Single Assignment (SSA) based optimization passes. The
SSA conversion passes (to/from) are turned on by the @option{-fssa}
option (it is also done automatically if you enable an SSA optimization pass).
These passes utilize a form called Static Single Assignment. In SSA form,
These passes utilize a form called Static Single Assignment. In SSA form,
each variable (pseudo register) is only set once, giving you def-use
and use-def chains for free, and enabling a lot more optimization
passes to be run in linear time.
@ -3431,7 +3431,7 @@ is never executed. It operates in linear time.
@opindex dX
The option @option{-dX} causes a debugging dump of the RTL code after
this pass. This dump file's name is made by appending @samp{.dce} to
this pass. This dump file's name is made by appending @samp{.dce} to
the input file name.
@end itemize
@cindex global common subexpression elimination
@ -3448,7 +3448,7 @@ invariants out of loops---that is left to the loop optimization pass.
If MR PRE GCSE is done, code hoisting (aka unification) is also done, as
well as load motion.
If you are optimizing for speed, LCM (lazy code motion) based GCSE is
done. LCM is based on the work of Knoop, Ruthing, and Steffen. LCM
done. LCM is based on the work of Knoop, Ruthing, and Steffen. LCM
based GCSE also does loop invariant code motion. We also perform load
and store motion when optimizing for speed.
Regardless of which type of GCSE is used, the GCSE pass also performs
@ -3537,7 +3537,7 @@ the input file name.
@cindex register movement
@item
Register movement (@file{regmove.c}). This pass looks for cases where
Register movement (@file{regmove.c}). This pass looks for cases where
matching constraints would force an instruction to need a reload, and
this reload would be a register to register move. It then attempts
to change the registers used by the instruction to avoid the move
@ -3628,15 +3628,15 @@ to the input file name.
@cindex reordering, block
@item
Basic block reordering. This pass implements profile guided code
positioning. If profile information is not available, various types of
positioning. If profile information is not available, various types of
static analysis are performed to make the predictions normally coming
from the profile feedback (IE execution frequency, branch probability,
etc). It is implemented in the file @file{bb-reorder.c}, and the
etc). It is implemented in the file @file{bb-reorder.c}, and the
various prediction routines are in @file{predict.c}.
@opindex dB
The option @option{-dB} causes a debugging dump of the RTL code after
this pass. This dump file's name is made by appending @samp{.bbro} to
this pass. This dump file's name is made by appending @samp{.bbro} to
the input file name.
@cindex cross-jumping
@ -3992,8 +3992,8 @@ initialization when a compilation driver is being initialized.
@item UPDATE_PATH_HOST_CANONICALIZE (@var{path}, @var{key})
If defined, a C statement (sans semicolon) that performs host-dependent
canonicalization when a path used in a compilation driver or preprocessor is
canonicalized. @var{path} is the path to be canonicalized, and @var{key} is
a translation prefix when its value isn't @code{NULL}. If the C statement
canonicalized. @var{path} is the path to be canonicalized, and @var{key} is
a translation prefix when its value isn't @code{NULL}. If the C statement
does canonicalize @var{path}, the new path should be returned.
@end table

92
gcc/doc/install.texi
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@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
@settitle Installing GCC: Binaries
@end ifset
@comment $Id: install.texi,v 1.33 2001/06/23 23:41:59 jsm28 Exp $
@comment $Id: install.texi,v 1.34 2001/06/25 00:21:28 jsm28 Exp $
@c Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@c *** Converted to texinfo by Dean Wakerley, dean@wakerley.com
@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ This document describes the generic installation procedure for GCC as well
as detailing some target specific installation instructions.
GCC includes several components that previously were separate distributions
with their own installation instructions. This document supersedes all
package specific installation instructions. We provide the component
with their own installation instructions. This document supersedes all
package specific installation instructions. We provide the component
specific installation information in the source distribution for historical
reference purposes only.
@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ The installation procedure itself is broken into five steps.
@end ifnotinfo
Please note that GCC does not support @samp{make uninstall} and probably
won't do so in the near future as this would open a can of worms. Instead,
won't do so in the near future as this would open a can of worms. Instead,
we suggest that you install GCC into a directory of its own and simply
remove that directory when you do not need that specific version of GCC
any longer.
@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ are also included in the full distribution.
If you choose to download specific components, you must download the core
gcc distribution plus any language specific distributions you wish to
use. The core distribution includes the C language front end as well as the
shared components. Each language has a tarball which includes the language
shared components. Each language has a tarball which includes the language
front end as well as the language runtime (when appropriate).
Unpack the core distribution as well as any language specific
@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ argument, only @option{--enable-shared} does.
@item @anchor{with-gnu-as}--with-gnu-as
Specify that the compiler should assume that the
assembler it finds is the GNU assembler. However, this does not modify
assembler it finds is the GNU assembler. However, this does not modify
the rules to find an assembler and will result in confusion if found
assembler is not actually the GNU assembler. (Confusion will also
result if the compiler finds the GNU assembler but has not been
@ -434,14 +434,14 @@ Check the
@file{@var{exec_prefix}/lib/gcc-lib/@var{target}/@var{version}}
directory, where @var{exec_prefix} defaults to @var{prefix} which
defaults to @file{/usr/local} unless overridden by the
@option{--prefix=/pathname} switch described above. @var{target} is the
@option{--prefix=/pathname} switch described above. @var{target} is the
target system triple, such as @var{sparc-sun-solaris2.7}, and
@var{version} denotes the GCC version, such as 2.95.2.
@item
Check operating system specific directories (e.g. @file{/usr/ccs/bin} on
Sun Solaris).
@end itemize
Note that these rules do not check for the value of @env{PATH}. You may
Note that these rules do not check for the value of @env{PATH}. You may
want to use @option{--with-as} if no assembler is installed in the
directories listed above, or if you have multiple assemblers installed
and want to choose one that is not found by the above rules.
@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ Microsoft Win32 API thread support.
Specify which cpu variant the
compiler should generate code for by default. This is currently
only supported on the some ports, specifically arm, powerpc, and
SPARC. If configure does not recognize the model name (e.g. arm700,
SPARC. If configure does not recognize the model name (e.g. arm700,
603e, or ultrasparc) you provide, please check the configure script
for a complete list of supported models.
@ -564,10 +564,10 @@ in @file{@var{prefix}/@var{dirname}/cpp}, in addition to @var{bindir}.
@item --enable-maintainer-mode
The build rules that
regenerate the GCC master message catalog @file{gcc.pot} are normally
disabled. This is because it can only be rebuilt if the complete source
tree is present. If you have changed the sources and want to rebuild the
disabled. This is because it can only be rebuilt if the complete source
tree is present. If you have changed the sources and want to rebuild the
catalog, configuring with @option{--enable-maintainer-mode} will enable
this. Note that you need a recent version of the @code{gettext} tools
this. Note that you need a recent version of the @code{gettext} tools
to do so.
@item --enable-version-specific-runtime-libs
@ -578,12 +578,12 @@ addition, libstdc++'s include files will be installed in
@file{@var{libsubdir}/include/g++} unless you overruled it by using
@option{--with-gxx-include-dir=@var{dirname}}. Using this option is
particularly useful if you intend to use several versions of GCC in
parallel. This is currently supported by @samp{libf2c} and
parallel. This is currently supported by @samp{libf2c} and
@samp{libstdc++}.
@item --enable-languages=@var{lang1},@var{lang2},@dots{}
Specify that only a particular subset of compilers and
their runtime libraries should be built. For a list of valid values for
their runtime libraries should be built. For a list of valid values for
@var{langN} you can issue the following command in the
@file{gcc} directory of your GCC source tree:@* @samp{grep language=
*/config-lang.in}@* Currently, you can use any of the following:
@ -624,10 +624,10 @@ to look up installations paths in the registry using the following key:
@end smallexample
@var{KEY} defaults to GCC version number, and can be overridden by the
@option{--enable-win32-registry=@var{KEY}} option. Vendors and distributors
@option{--enable-win32-registry=@var{KEY}} option. Vendors and distributors
who use custom installers are encouraged to provide a different key,
perhaps one comprised of vendor name and GCC version number, to
avoid conflict with existing installations. This feature is enabled
avoid conflict with existing installations. This feature is enabled
by default, and can be disabled by @option{--disable-win32-registry}
option. This option has no effect on the other hosts.
@ -654,8 +654,8 @@ checks @samp{rtl} and @samp{gcac} are very expensive.
@itemx --disable-nls
The @option{--enable-nls} option enables Native Language Support (NLS),
which lets GCC output diagnostics in languages other than American
English. Native Language Support is enabled by default if not doing a
canadian cross build. The @option{--disable-nls} option disables NLS.
English. Native Language Support is enabled by default if not doing a
canadian cross build. The @option{--disable-nls} option disables NLS.
@item --with-included-gettext
If NLS is enabled, the @option{--with-included-gettext} option causes the build
@ -819,7 +819,7 @@ bootstrap4} to increase the number of stages of bootstrap.
If you used the flag @option{--enable-languages=@dots{}} to restrict
the compilers to be built, only those you've actually enabled will be
built. This will of course only build those runtime libraries, for
built. This will of course only build those runtime libraries, for
which the particular compiler has been built. Please note,
that re-defining LANGUAGES when calling @samp{make bootstrap}
@strong{does not} work anymore!
@ -907,7 +907,7 @@ the number of processors in your machine.
to current development versions of GCC and GCC 3.0 or later.
GCC 2.95.x does not come with a testsuite.}
Before you install GCC, you might wish to run the testsuite. This
Before you install GCC, you might wish to run the testsuite. This
step is optional and may require you to download additional software.
First, you must have @uref{download.html,,downloaded the testsuites}.
@ -959,7 +959,7 @@ compilers as well as the C++ and Java runtime libraries.
As a first possibility to cut down the number of tests that are run it is
possible to use @samp{make check-gcc} or @samp{make check-g++}
in the gcc subdirectory of the object directory. To further cut down the
in the gcc subdirectory of the object directory. To further cut down the
tests the following is possible:
@example
@ -985,9 +985,9 @@ output of @samp{make check} into a file and look at the
@section How to interpret test results
After the testsuite has run you'll find various @file{*.sum} and @file{*.log}
files in the testsuite subdirectories. The @file{*.log} files contain a
files in the testsuite subdirectories. The @file{*.log} files contain a
detailed log of the compiler invocations and the corresponding
results, the @file{*.sum} files summarize the results. These summaries list
results, the @file{*.sum} files summarize the results. These summaries list
all the tests that have been run with a corresponding status code:
@itemize @bullet
@ -1016,7 +1016,7 @@ problem in future releases.
@section Submitting test results
If you want to report the results to the GCC project, use the
@file{contrib/test_summary} shell script. Start it in the @var{objdir} with
@file{contrib/test_summary} shell script. Start it in the @var{objdir} with
@example
@var{srcdir}/contrib/test_summary -p your_commentary.txt \
@ -1024,14 +1024,14 @@ If you want to report the results to the GCC project, use the
@end example
This script uses the @command{Mail} program to send the results, so
make sure it is in your @env{PATH}. The file @file{your_commentary.txt} is
make sure it is in your @env{PATH}. The file @file{your_commentary.txt} is
prepended to the testsuite summary and should contain any special
remarks you have on your results or your build environment. Please
remarks you have on your results or your build environment. Please
do not edit the testsuite result block or the subject line, as these
messages are automatically parsed and presented at the
@uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/testresults/,,GCC testresults} web
page. Here you can also gather information on how specific tests
behave on different platforms and compare them with your results. A
behave on different platforms and compare them with your results. A
few failing testcases are possible even on released versions and you
should look here first if you think your results are unreasonable.
@ -1110,7 +1110,7 @@ recent version of GCC.
@cindex Binaries
@cindex Installing GCC: Binaries
We are often asked about pre-compiled versions of GCC. While we cannot
We are often asked about pre-compiled versions of GCC. While we cannot
provide these for all platforms, below you'll find links to binaries for
various platforms where creating them by yourself is not easy due to various
reasons.
@ -1172,9 +1172,9 @@ In addition to those specific offerings, you can get a binary
distribution CD-ROM from the
@uref{http://www.fsf.org/order/order.html,,Free Software Foundation}.
It contains binaries for a number of platforms, and
includes not only GCC, but other stuff as well. The current CD does
includes not only GCC, but other stuff as well. The current CD does
not contain the latest version of GCC, but it should allow
bootstrapping the compiler. An updated version of that disk is in the
bootstrapping the compiler. An updated version of that disk is in the
works.
@html
@ -1411,7 +1411,7 @@ MIL-STD-1750A processors.
The MIL-STD-1750A cross configuration produces output for
@code{as1750}, an assembler/linker available under the GNU Public
License for the 1750A. @code{as1750} can be obtained at
License for the 1750A. @code{as1750} can be obtained at
@uref{ftp://ftp.fta-berlin.de/pub/crossgcc/1750gals/}.
A similarly licensed simulator for
the 1750A is available from same address.
@ -1902,7 +1902,7 @@ glibc 2.2.4 whether patches for GCC 3.0 are needed. You can use glibc
@heading @anchor{ix86-*-linux*oldld}i?86-*-linux*oldld
Use this configuration to generate @file{a.out} binaries on Linux-based
GNU systems if you do not have gas/binutils version 2.5.2 or later
installed. This is an obsolete configuration.
installed. This is an obsolete configuration.
@html
</p>
@ -1910,7 +1910,7 @@ installed. This is an obsolete configuration.
@end html
@heading @anchor{ix86-*-linux*aout}i?86-*-linux*aout
Use this configuration to generate @file{a.out} binaries on Linux-based
GNU systems. This configuration is being superseded. You must use
GNU systems. This configuration is being superseded. You must use
gas/binutils version 2.5.2 or later.
@html
@ -1965,7 +1965,7 @@ native compiler.}
Use of the @option{-march-pentiumpro} flag can result in
unrecognized opcodes when using the native assembler on OS versions before
5.0.6. (Support for P6 opcodes was added to the native ELF assembler in
5.0.6. (Support for P6 opcodes was added to the native ELF assembler in
that version.) While it's rather rare to see these emitted by GCC yet,
errors of the basic form:
@ -2322,11 +2322,11 @@ bootstrap. Binaries are available from the OSU-CIS archive, at
<hr>
@end html
@heading @anchor{m68k-bull-sysv}m68k-bull-sysv
Bull DPX/2 series 200 and 300 with BOS-2.00.45 up to BOS-2.01. GCC works
either with native assembler or GNU assembler. You can use
Bull DPX/2 series 200 and 300 with BOS-2.00.45 up to BOS-2.01. GCC works
either with native assembler or GNU assembler. You can use
GNU assembler with native coff generation by providing @option{--with-gnu-as} to
the configure script or use GNU assembler with dbx-in-coff encapsulation
by providing @samp{--with-gnu-as --stabs}. For any problem with native
by providing @samp{--with-gnu-as --stabs}. For any problem with native
assembler or for availability of the DPX/2 port of GAS, contact
@email{F.Pierresteguy@@frcl.bull.fr}.
@ -2710,7 +2710,7 @@ and use the @option{--with-gnu-as} configure option when configuring gcc.
GNU as is distributed as part of the binutils package.
You must use GAS on these platforms, as the native assembler can not handle
the code for exception handling support. Either of these messages indicates
the code for exception handling support. Either of these messages indicates
that you are using the MIPS assembler when instead you should be using GAS:
@samp{ as0: Error: ./libgcc2.c, line 1:Badly delimited numeric literal
@ -2780,10 +2780,10 @@ with O32 ABI only support by configuring it for the mips-sgi-irix5
target. See the link below for details.
GCC does not correctly pass/return structures which are
smaller than 16 bytes and which are not 8 bytes. The problem is very
involved and difficult to fix. It affects a number of other targets also,
smaller than 16 bytes and which are not 8 bytes. The problem is very
involved and difficult to fix. It affects a number of other targets also,
but IRIX 6 is affected the most, because it is a 64 bit target, and 4 byte
structures are common. The exact problem is that structures are being padded
structures are common. The exact problem is that structures are being padded
at the wrong end, e.g. a 4 byte structure is loaded into the lower 4 bytes
of the register when it should be loaded into the upper 4 bytes of the
register.
@ -2791,7 +2791,7 @@ register.
GCC is consistent with itself, but not consistent with the SGI C compiler
(and the SGI supplied runtime libraries), so the only failures that can
happen are when there are library functions that take/return such
structures. There are very few such library functions. I can only recall
structures. There are very few such library functions. I can only recall
seeing two of them: inet_ntoa, and semctl.
See @uref{http://freeware.sgi.com/,,http://freeware.sgi.com/} for more
@ -2860,7 +2860,7 @@ switch by using the configure option @option{--with-cpu-@var{cpu_type}}.
You will need
@uref{ftp://ftp.varesearch.com/pub/support/hjl/binutils,,binutils-2.9.4.0.8}
or newer for a working GCC. It is strongly recommended to recompile binutils
or newer for a working GCC. It is strongly recommended to recompile binutils
if you initially built it with gcc-2.7.2.x.
You can specify a default version for the @option{-mcpu=@var{cpu_type}}
@ -2955,7 +2955,7 @@ can be safely ignored; the stage 3 compiler is correct.
@end html
@heading @anchor{*-*-solaris*}*-*-solaris*
Starting with Solaris, Sun does not ship a C compiler any more. To
Starting with Solaris, Sun does not ship a C compiler any more. To
bootstrap and install GCC you first have to install a pre-built
compiler, see our @uref{binaries.html,,binaries page} for
details.
@ -3026,13 +3026,13 @@ For example, the linker may hang indefinitely. The fix is to remove
@file{/usr/ucb} from your @code{PATH}.
All releases of GNU binutils prior to 2.11.1 have known bugs on this
platform. We recommend the use of GNU binutils 2.11.1 or the vendor
platform. We recommend the use of GNU binutils 2.11.1 or the vendor
tools (Sun as, Sun ld).
Unfortunately, C++ shared libraries, including libstdc++, won't work
properly if assembled with Sun as: the linker will complain about
relocations in read-only sections, in the definition of virtual
tables. Also, Sun as fails to process long symbols resulting from
tables. Also, Sun as fails to process long symbols resulting from
mangling template-heavy C++ function names.
@html

106
gcc/doc/invoke.texi
View File

@ -1352,7 +1352,7 @@ otherwise be invalid, or have different behavior.
@item -fno-gnu-keywords
@opindex fno-gnu-keywords
Do not recognize @code{typeof} as a keyword, so that code can use this
word as an identifier. You can use the keyword @code{__typeof__} instead.
word as an identifier. You can use the keyword @code{__typeof__} instead.
@option{-ansi} implies @option{-fno-gnu-keywords}.
@item -fno-honor-std
@ -1440,7 +1440,7 @@ This information is generally only useful to the G++ development team.
@opindex ftemplate-depth
Set the maximum instantiation depth for template classes to @var{n}.
A limit on the template instantiation depth is needed to detect
endless recursions during template class instantiation. ANSI/ISO C++
endless recursions during template class instantiation. ANSI/ISO C++
conforming programs must not rely on a maximum depth greater than 17.
@item -fuse-cxa-atexit
@ -1531,18 +1531,18 @@ you can use @samp{grep -v} to filter out those warnings.
@item -Wno-deprecated (C++ only)
@opindex Wno-deprecated
Do not warn about usage of deprecated features. @xref{Deprecated Features}.
Do not warn about usage of deprecated features. @xref{Deprecated Features}.
@item -Wno-non-template-friend (C++ only)
@opindex Wno-non-template-friend
Disable warnings when non-templatized friend functions are declared
within a template. With the advent of explicit template specification
within a template. With the advent of explicit template specification
support in g++, if the name of the friend is an unqualified-id (i.e.,
@samp{friend foo(int)}), the C++ language specification demands that the
friend declare or define an ordinary, nontemplate function. (Section
14.5.3). Before g++ implemented explicit specification, unqualified-ids
friend declare or define an ordinary, nontemplate function. (Section
14.5.3). Before g++ implemented explicit specification, unqualified-ids
could be interpreted as a particular specialization of a templatized
function. Because this non-conforming behavior is no longer the default
function. Because this non-conforming behavior is no longer the default
behavior for g++, @option{-Wnon-template-friend} allows the compiler to
check existing code for potential trouble spots, and is on by default.
This new compiler behavior can be turned off with
@ -2003,7 +2003,7 @@ Warn whenever a function is defined with a return-type that defaults to
return-value in a function whose return-type is not @code{void}.
For C++, a function without return type always produces a diagnostic
message, even when @option{-Wno-return-type} is specified. The only
message, even when @option{-Wno-return-type} is specified. The only
exceptions are @samp{main} and functions defined in system headers.
@item -Wswitch
@ -2991,16 +2991,16 @@ options, in particular with and without @option{-g}.
@item -fdump-translation-unit-@var{number} (C and C++ only)
@opindex fdump-translation-unit
Dump a representation of the tree structure for the entire translation
unit to a file. The file name is made by appending @file{.tu} to the
source file name. If the @samp{-@var{number}} form is used, @var{number}
unit to a file. The file name is made by appending @file{.tu} to the
source file name. If the @samp{-@var{number}} form is used, @var{number}
controls the details of the dump as described for the @option{-fdump-tree} options.
@item -fdump-class-hierarchy (C++ only)
@item -fdump-class-hierarchy-@var{number} (C++ only)
@opindex fdump-class-hierarchy
Dump a representation of each class's hierarchy and virtual function
table layout to a file. The file name is made by appending @file{.class}
to the source file name. If the @samp{-@var{number}} form is used, @var{number}
table layout to a file. The file name is made by appending @file{.class}
to the source file name. If the @samp{-@var{number}} form is used, @var{number}
controls the details of the dump as described for the @option{-fdump-tree}
options.
@ -3008,15 +3008,15 @@ options.
@item -fdump-ast-@var{switch}-@var{number} (C++ only)
@opindex fdump-ast
Control the dumping at various stages of processing the abstract syntax
tree to a file. The file name is generated by appending a switch
specific suffix to the source file name. If the @samp{-@var{number}} form is
tree to a file. The file name is generated by appending a switch
specific suffix to the source file name. If the @samp{-@var{number}} form is
used, @var{number} is a bit mask which controls the details of the
dump. The following bits are meaningful (these are not set symbolically,
dump. The following bits are meaningful (these are not set symbolically,
as the primary function of these dumps is for debugging gcc itself):
@table @samp
@item bit0 (1)
Print the address of each node. Usually this is not meaningful as it
Print the address of each node. Usually this is not meaningful as it
changes according to the environment and source file.
@item bit1 (2)
Inhibit dumping of members of a scope or body of a function, unless they
@ -3458,14 +3458,14 @@ This pass also performs global constant and copy propagation.
@item -fgcse-lm
@opindex fgcse-lm
When @option{-fgcse-lm} is enabled, global common subexpression elimination will
attempt to move loads which are only killed by stores into themselves. This
attempt to move loads which are only killed by stores into themselves. This
allows a loop containing a load/store sequence to be changed to a load outside
the loop, and a copy/store within the loop.
@item -fgcse-sm
@opindex fgcse-sm
When @option{-fgcse-sm} is enabled, A store motion pass is run after global common
subexpression elimination. This pass will attempt to move stores out of loops.
subexpression elimination. This pass will attempt to move stores out of loops.
When used in conjunction with @option{-fgcse-lm}, loops containing a load/store sequence
can be changed to a load before the loop and a store after the loop.
@ -3906,7 +3906,7 @@ file. The preprocessor outputs one @code{make} rule containing the
object file name for that source file, a colon, and the names of all the
included files. Unless overridden explicitly, the object file name
consists of the basename of the source file with any suffix replaced with
object file suffix. If there are many included files then the
object file suffix. If there are many included files then the
rule is split into several lines using @samp{\}-newline.
@option{-M} implies @option{-E}.
@ -4217,7 +4217,7 @@ mechanism when this option is specified.
@opindex nostdlib
Do not use the standard system startup files or libraries when linking.
No startup files and only the libraries you specify will be passed to
the linker. The compiler may generate calls to memcmp, memset, and memcpy
the linker. The compiler may generate calls to memcmp, memset, and memcpy
for System V (and ISO C) environments or to bcopy and bzero for
BSD environments. These entries are usually resolved by entries in
libc. These entry points should be supplied through some other
@ -4264,10 +4264,10 @@ form an executable. Not all systems support this option. For predictable
results, you must also specify the same set of options that were used to
generate code (@option{-fpic}, @option{-fPIC}, or model suboptions)
when you specify this option.@footnote{On some systems, @samp{gcc -shared}
needs to build supplementary stub code for constructors to work. On
needs to build supplementary stub code for constructors to work. On
multi-libbed systems, @samp{gcc -shared} must select the correct support
libraries to link against. Failing to supply the correct flags may lead
to subtle defects. Supplying them in cases where they are not necessary
to subtle defects. Supplying them in cases where they are not necessary
is innocuous.}
@item -shared-libgcc
@ -4345,7 +4345,7 @@ searched for header files. This can be used to override a system header
file, substituting your own version, since these directories are
searched before the system header file directories. However, you should
not use this option to add directories that contain vendor-supplied
system header files (use @option{-isystem} for that). If you use more than
system header files (use @option{-isystem} for that). If you use more than
one @option{-I} option, the directories are scanned in left-to-right
order; the standard system directories come after.
@ -4627,7 +4627,7 @@ disposal mechanism.
@item %.@var{SUFFIX}
Substitutes @var{.SUFFIX} for the suffixes of a matched switch's args
when it is subsequently output with @samp{%*}. @var{SUFFIX} is
when it is subsequently output with @samp{%*}. @var{SUFFIX} is
terminated by the next space or %.
@item %w
@ -5093,7 +5093,7 @@ does not have code to emulate those instructions.
@item -mcpu32
@opindex mcpu32
Generate output for a CPU32. This is the default
Generate output for a CPU32. This is the default
when the compiler is configured for CPU32-based systems.
Use this option for microcontrollers with a
@ -5417,7 +5417,7 @@ Cypress CY7C602 chip, as used in the SparcStation/SparcServer 3xx series.
This is also appropriate for the older SparcStation 1, 2, IPX etc.
With @option{-msupersparc} the compiler optimizes code for the SuperSparc cpu, as
used in the SparcStation 10, 1000 and 2000 series. This flag also enables use
used in the SparcStation 10, 1000 and 2000 series. This flag also enables use
of the full SPARC v8 instruction set.
These options are deprecated and will be deleted in a future GCC release.
@ -6338,7 +6338,7 @@ SVr4.
@end enumerate
@option{-msvr4} is the default for the m88k-motorola-sysv4 and
m88k-dg-dgux m88k configurations. @option{-msvr3} is the default for all
m88k-dg-dgux m88k configurations. @option{-msvr3} is the default for all
other m88k configurations.
@item -mversion-03.00
@ -7379,7 +7379,7 @@ in ordinary CPU registers instead.
@opindex mno-fancy-math-387
Some 387 emulators do not support the @code{sin}, @code{cos} and
@code{sqrt} instructions for the 387. Specify this option to avoid
generating those instructions. This option is the default on FreeBSD.
generating those instructions. This option is the default on FreeBSD.
As of revision 2.6.1, these instructions are not generated unless you
also use the @option{-funsafe-math-optimizations} switch.
@ -7497,37 +7497,37 @@ may want to reduce the preferred alignment to
@item -mpush-args
@opindex mpush-args
Use PUSH operations to store outgoing parameters. This method is shorter
Use PUSH operations to store outgoing parameters. This method is shorter
and usually equally fast as method using SUB/MOV operations and is enabled
by default. In some cases disabling it may improve performance because of
by default. In some cases disabling it may improve performance because of
improved scheduling and reduced dependencies.
@item -maccumulate-outgoing-args
@opindex maccumulate-outgoing-args
If enabled, the maximum amount of space required for outgoing arguments will be
computed in the function prologue. This in faster on most modern CPUs
computed in the function prologue. This in faster on most modern CPUs
because of reduced dependencies, improved scheduling and reduced stack usage
when preferred stack boundary is not equal to 2. The drawback is a notable
increase in code size. This switch implies @option{-mno-push-args}.
increase in code size. This switch implies @option{-mno-push-args}.
@item -mthreads
@opindex mthreads
Support thread-safe exception handling on @samp{Mingw32}. Code that relies
Support thread-safe exception handling on @samp{Mingw32}. Code that relies
on thread-safe exception handling must compile and link all code with the
@option{-mthreads} option. When compiling, @option{-mthreads} defines
@option{-mthreads} option. When compiling, @option{-mthreads} defines
@option{-D_MT}; when linking, it links in a special thread helper library
@option{-lmingwthrd} which cleans up per thread exception handling data.
@item -mno-align-stringops
@opindex mno-align-stringops
Do not align destination of inlined string operations. This switch reduces
Do not align destination of inlined string operations. This switch reduces
code size and improves performance in case the destination is already aligned,
but gcc don't know about it.
@item -minline-all-stringops
@opindex minline-all-stringops
By default GCC inlines string operations only when destination is known to be
aligned at least to 4 byte boundary. This enables more inlining, increase code
aligned at least to 4 byte boundary. This enables more inlining, increase code
size, but may improve performance of code that depends on fast memcpy, strlen
and memset for short lengths.
@ -8043,7 +8043,7 @@ These @samp{-m} options are defined for the Clipper implementations:
@table @gcctabopt
@item -mc300
@opindex mc300
Produce code for a C300 Clipper processor. This is the default.
Produce code for a C300 Clipper processor. This is the default.
@item -mc400
@opindex mc400
@ -8531,14 +8531,14 @@ This is the default for all systems.
@item -m32381
@opindex m32381
Generate output containing 32381 instructions for floating point. This
also implies @option{-m32081}. The 32381 is only compatible with the 32332
and 32532 cpus. This is the default for the pc532-netbsd configuration.
also implies @option{-m32081}. The 32381 is only compatible with the 32332
and 32532 cpus. This is the default for the pc532-netbsd configuration.
@item -mmulti-add
@opindex mmulti-add
Try and generate multiply-add floating point instructions @code{polyF}
and @code{dotF}. This option is only available if the @option{-m32381}
option is in effect. Using these instructions requires changes to to
and @code{dotF}. This option is only available if the @option{-m32381}
option is in effect. Using these instructions requires changes to to
register allocation which generally has a negative impact on
performance. This option should only be enabled when compiling code
particularly likely to make heavy use of multiply-add instructions.
@ -8546,7 +8546,7 @@ particularly likely to make heavy use of multiply-add instructions.
@item -mnomulti-add
@opindex mnomulti-add
Do not try and generate multiply-add floating point instructions
@code{polyF} and @code{dotF}. This is the default on all platforms.
@code{polyF} and @code{dotF}. This is the default on all platforms.
@item -msoft-float
@opindex msoft-float
@ -8555,12 +8555,12 @@ Generate output containing library calls for floating point.
@item -mnobitfield
@opindex mnobitfield
Do not use the bit-field instructions. On some machines it is faster to
use shifting and masking operations. This is the default for the pc532.
Do not use the bit-field instructions. On some machines it is faster to
use shifting and masking operations. This is the default for the pc532.
@item -mbitfield
@opindex mbitfield
Do use the bit-field instructions. This is the default for all platforms
Do use the bit-field instructions. This is the default for all platforms
except the pc532.
@item -mrtd
@ -8596,19 +8596,19 @@ compiled with the Unix compiler.
@item -mnoregparam
@opindex mnoregparam
Do not pass any arguments in registers. This is the default for all
Do not pass any arguments in registers. This is the default for all
targets.
@item -msb
@opindex msb
It is OK to use the sb as an index register which is always loaded with
zero. This is the default for the pc532-netbsd target.
zero. This is the default for the pc532-netbsd target.
@item -mnosb
@opindex mnosb
The sb register is not available for use or has not been initialized to
zero by the run time system. This is the default for all targets except
the pc532-netbsd. It is also implied whenever @option{-mhimem} or
zero by the run time system. This is the default for all targets except
the pc532-netbsd. It is also implied whenever @option{-mhimem} or
@option{-fpic} is set.
@item -mhimem
@ -8672,7 +8672,7 @@ Code size will be smaller.
@item -mcall-prologues
@opindex mcall-prologues
Functions prologues/epilogues expanded as call to appropriate
subroutines. Code size will be smaller.
subroutines. Code size will be smaller.
@item -mno-tablejump
@opindex mno-tablejump
@ -8924,7 +8924,7 @@ it.
@table @gcctabopt
@item -fexceptions
@opindex fexceptions
Enable exception handling. Generates extra code needed to propagate
Enable exception handling. Generates extra code needed to propagate
exceptions. For some targets, this implies GCC will generate frame
unwind information for all functions, which can produce significant data
size overhead, although it does not affect execution. If you do not
@ -9311,7 +9311,7 @@ option, and that not all targets provide complete support for it.
This section describes several environment variables that affect how GCC
operates. Some of them work by specifying directories or prefixes to use
when searching for various kinds of files. Some are used to specify other
when searching for various kinds of files. Some are used to specify other
aspects of the compilation environment.
@ifclear INTERNALS
@ -9459,7 +9459,7 @@ file @var{file} using @var{target} as the target name.
@item LANG
@findex LANG
@cindex locale definition
This variable is used to pass locale information to the compiler. One way in
This variable is used to pass locale information to the compiler. One way in
which this information is used is to determine the character set to be used
when character literals, string literals and comments are parsed in C and C++.
When the compiler is configured to allow multibyte characters,

76
gcc/doc/objc.texi
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@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
@chapter GNU Objective-C runtime features
This document is meant to describe some of the GNU Objective-C runtime
features. It is not intended to teach you Objective-C, there are several
features. It is not intended to teach you Objective-C, there are several
resources on the Internet that present the language. Questions and
comments about this document to Ovidiu Predescu
@email{ovidiu@@cup.hp.com}.
@ -28,12 +28,12 @@ comments about this document to Ovidiu Predescu
The GNU Objective-C runtime provides a way that allows you to execute
code before the execution of the program enters the @code{main}
function. The code is executed on a per-class and a per-category basis,
function. The code is executed on a per-class and a per-category basis,
through a special class method @code{+load}.
This facility is very useful if you want to initialize global variables
which can be accessed by the program directly, without sending a message
to the class first. The usual way to initialize global variables, in the
to the class first. The usual way to initialize global variables, in the
@code{+initialize} method, might not be useful because
@code{+initialize} is only called when the first message is sent to a
class object, which in some cases could be too late.
@ -63,12 +63,12 @@ FileStream *Stderr = nil;
@end example
In this example, the initialization of @code{Stdin}, @code{Stdout} and
@code{Stderr} in @code{+initialize} occurs too late. The programmer can
@code{Stderr} in @code{+initialize} occurs too late. The programmer can
send a message to one of these objects before the variables are actually
initialized, thus sending messages to the @code{nil} object. The
initialized, thus sending messages to the @code{nil} object. The
@code{+initialize} method which actually initializes the global
variables is not invoked until the first message is sent to the class
object. The solution would require these variables to be initialized
object. The solution would require these variables to be initialized
just before entering @code{main}.
The correct solution of the above problem is to use the @code{+load}
@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ method instead of @code{+initialize}:
@end example
The @code{+load} is a method that is not overridden by categories. If a
The @code{+load} is a method that is not overridden by categories. If a
class and a category of it both implement @code{+load}, both methods are
invoked. This allows some additional initializations to be performed in
a category.
@ -147,23 +147,23 @@ category implemented in the same file;
@end itemize
You should make no assumptions about receiving @code{+load} in sibling
classes when you write @code{+load} of a class. The order in which
classes when you write @code{+load} of a class. The order in which
sibling classes receive @code{+load} is not guaranteed.
The order in which @code{+load} and @code{+initialize} are called could
be problematic if this matters. If you don't allocate objects inside
be problematic if this matters. If you don't allocate objects inside
@code{+load}, it is guaranteed that @code{+load} is called before
@code{+initialize}. If you create an object inside @code{+load} the
@code{+initialize}. If you create an object inside @code{+load} the
@code{+initialize} method of object's class is invoked even if
@code{+load} was not invoked. Note if you explicitly call @code{+load}
on a class, @code{+initialize} will be called first. To avoid possible
@code{+load} was not invoked. Note if you explicitly call @code{+load}
on a class, @code{+initialize} will be called first. To avoid possible
problems try to implement only one of these methods.
The @code{+load} method is also invoked when a bundle is dynamically
loaded into your running program. This happens automatically without any
intervening operation from you. When you write bundles and you need to
loaded into your running program. This happens automatically without any
intervening operation from you. When you write bundles and you need to
write @code{+load} you can safely create and send messages to objects whose
classes already exist in the running program. The same restrictions as
classes already exist in the running program. The same restrictions as
above apply to classes defined in bundle.
@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ above apply to classes defined in bundle.
@section Type encoding
The Objective-C compiler generates type encodings for all the
types. These type encodings are used at runtime to find out information
types. These type encodings are used at runtime to find out information
about selectors and methods and about objects and classes.
The types are encoded in the following way:
@ -224,12 +224,12 @@ The types are encoded in the following way:
The encoding of bit-fields has changed to allow bit-fields to be properly
handled by the runtime functions that compute sizes and alignments of
types that contain bit-fields. The previous encoding contained only the
size of the bit-field. Using only this information it is not possible to
reliably compute the size occupied by the bit-field. This is very
types that contain bit-fields. The previous encoding contained only the
size of the bit-field. Using only this information it is not possible to
reliably compute the size occupied by the bit-field. This is very
important in the presence of the Boehm's garbage collector because the
objects are allocated using the typed memory facility available in this
collector. The typed memory allocation requires information about where
collector. The typed memory allocation requires information about where
the pointers are located inside the object.
The position in the bit-field is the position, counting in bits, of the
@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ struct @{
@sp 1
In addition to the types the compiler also encodes the type
specifiers. The table below describes the encoding of the current
specifiers. The table below describes the encoding of the current
Objective-C type specifiers:
@sp 1
@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ Objective-C type specifiers:
@sp 1
The type specifiers are encoded just before the type. Unlike types
The type specifiers are encoded just before the type. Unlike types
however, the type specifiers are only encoded when they appear in method
argument types.
@ -313,34 +313,34 @@ argument types.
Support for a new memory management policy has been added by using a
powerful conservative garbage collector, known as the
Boehm-Demers-Weiser conservative garbage collector. It is available from
Boehm-Demers-Weiser conservative garbage collector. It is available from
@w{@uref{http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Hans_Boehm/gc/}}.
To enable the support for it you have to configure the compiler using an
additional argument, @w{@option{--enable-objc-gc}}. You need to have
garbage collector installed before building the compiler. This will
additional argument, @w{@option{--enable-objc-gc}}. You need to have
garbage collector installed before building the compiler. This will
build an additional runtime library which has several enhancements to
support the garbage collector. The new library has a new name,
support the garbage collector. The new library has a new name,
@file{libobjc_gc.a} to not conflict with the non-garbage-collected
library.
When the garbage collector is used, the objects are allocated using the
so-called typed memory allocation mechanism available in the
Boehm-Demers-Weiser collector. This mode requires precise information on
where pointers are located inside objects. This information is computed
Boehm-Demers-Weiser collector. This mode requires precise information on
where pointers are located inside objects. This information is computed
once per class, immediately after the class has been initialized.
There is a new runtime function @code{class_ivar_set_gcinvisible()}
which can be used to declare a so-called @dfn{weak pointer}
reference. Such a pointer is basically hidden for the garbage collector;
reference. Such a pointer is basically hidden for the garbage collector;
this can be useful in certain situations, especially when you want to
keep track of the allocated objects, yet allow them to be
collected. This kind of pointers can only be members of objects, you
cannot declare a global pointer as a weak reference. Every type which is
collected. This kind of pointers can only be members of objects, you
cannot declare a global pointer as a weak reference. Every type which is
a pointer type can be declared a weak pointer, including @code{id},
@code{Class} and @code{SEL}.
Here is an example of how to use this feature. Suppose you want to
Here is an example of how to use this feature. Suppose you want to
implement a class whose instances hold a weak pointer reference; the
following class does this:
@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ following class does this:
@end example
Weak pointers are supported through a new type character specifier
represented by the @samp{!} character. The
represented by the @samp{!} character. The
@code{class_ivar_set_gcinvisible()} function adds or removes this
specifier to the string type description of the instance variable named
as argument.
@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ as argument.
@section Constant string objects
GNU Objective-C provides constant string objects that are generated
directly by the compiler. You declare a constant string object by
directly by the compiler. You declare a constant string object by
prefixing a C constant string with the character @samp{@@}:
@example
@ -398,11 +398,11 @@ prefixing a C constant string with the character @samp{@@}:
The constant string objects are usually instances of the
@code{NXConstantString} class which is provided by the GNU Objective-C
runtime. To get the definition of this class you must include the
runtime. To get the definition of this class you must include the
@file{objc/NXConstStr.h} header file.
User defined libraries may want to implement their own constant string
class. To be able to support them, the GNU Objective-C compiler provides
class. To be able to support them, the GNU Objective-C compiler provides
a new command line options @option{-fconstant-string-class=@var{class-name}}.
The provided class should adhere to a strict structure, the same
as @code{NXConstantString}'s structure:
@ -419,12 +419,12 @@ as @code{NXConstantString}'s structure:
@end example
User class libraries may choose to inherit the customized constant
string class from a different class than @code{Object}. There is no
string class from a different class than @code{Object}. There is no
requirement in the methods the constant string class has to implement.
When a file is compiled with the @option{-fconstant-string-class} option,
all the constant string objects will be instances of the class specified
as argument to this option. It is possible to have multiple compilation
as argument to this option. It is possible to have multiple compilation
units referring to different constant string classes, neither the
compiler nor the linker impose any restrictions in doing this.

8
gcc/doc/rtl.texi
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@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ An RTX code for other three input operations. Currently only
@item i
An RTX code for an entire instruction: @code{INSN}, @code{JUMP_INSN}, and
@code{CALL_INSN}. @xref{Insns}.
@code{CALL_INSN}. @xref{Insns}.
@item m
An RTX code for something that matches in insns, such as
@ -1345,8 +1345,8 @@ by incrementing it, but there is no need to mention this in the RTL.
@item (mem:@var{m} @var{addr} @var{alias})
This RTX represents a reference to main memory at an address
represented by the expression @var{addr}. @var{m} specifies how large
a unit of memory is accessed. @var{alias} specifies an alias set for the
reference. In general two items are in different alias sets if they cannot
a unit of memory is accessed. @var{alias} specifies an alias set for the
reference. In general two items are in different alias sets if they cannot
reference the same memory address.
@findex addressof
@ -1432,7 +1432,7 @@ However, they can pretend to do so when only the sign of the result will
be used, which is the case when the result is stored in the condition
code. And that is the @emph{only} way this kind of expression may
validly be used: as a value to be stored in the condition codes, either
@code{(cc0)} or a register. @xref{Comparisons}.
@code{(cc0)} or a register. @xref{Comparisons}.
The mode @var{m} is not related to the modes of @var{x} and @var{y}, but
instead is the mode of the condition code value. If @code{(cc0)} is

14
gcc/doc/tm.texi
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@ -1909,7 +1909,7 @@ The byte offset.
The mode of a top level SUBREG (or what may become one).
@end table
The default function can be found in rtlanal.c, function
@code{subreg_regno_offset}. Normally this does not need to be defined.
@code{subreg_regno_offset}. Normally this does not need to be defined.
@end table
@node Leaf Functions
@ -3008,7 +3008,7 @@ header files, it defaults to 0.
@findex PUSH_ARGS
@item PUSH_ARGS
A C expression. If nonzero, push insns will be used to pass
A C expression. If nonzero, push insns will be used to pass
outgoing arguments.
If the target machine does not have a push instruction, set it to zero.
That directs GCC to use an alternate strategy: to
@ -3039,7 +3039,7 @@ alignment. Then the definition should be
@findex ACCUMULATE_OUTGOING_ARGS
@findex current_function_outgoing_args_size
@item ACCUMULATE_OUTGOING_ARGS
A C expression. If nonzero, the maximum amount of space required for outgoing arguments
A C expression. If nonzero, the maximum amount of space required for outgoing arguments
will be computed and placed into the variable
@code{current_function_outgoing_args_size}. No space will be pushed
onto the stack for each call; instead, the function prologue should
@ -4179,7 +4179,7 @@ values accessed by @code{__builtin_args_info}.
@item __builtin_next_arg (@var{lastarg})
This is the equivalent of @code{__builtin_args_info}, for stack
arguments. It returns the address of the first anonymous stack
argument, as type @code{void *}. If @code{ARGS_GROW_DOWNWARD}, it
argument, as type @code{void *}. If @code{ARGS_GROW_DOWNWARD}, it
returns the address of the location above the first anonymous stack
argument. Use it in @code{va_start} to initialize the pointer for
fetching arguments from the stack. Also use it in @code{va_start} to
@ -4523,7 +4523,7 @@ not define this macro, the default name is used, which is
@findex INIT_TARGET_OPTABS
@item INIT_TARGET_OPTABS
Define this macro as a C statement that declares additional library
routines renames existing ones. @code{init_optabs} calls this macro after
routines renames existing ones. @code{init_optabs} calls this macro after
initializing all the normal library routines.
@findex FLOAT_LIB_COMPARE_RETURNS_BOOL (@var{mode}, @var{comparison})
@ -5406,7 +5406,7 @@ If defined, a C statement that calls the function named as the sole
argument of this macro. This is used in @file{crtstuff.c} if
@code{INIT_SECTION_ASM_OP} or @code{FINI_SECTION_ASM_OP} to calls to
initialization and finalization functions from the init and fini
sections. By default, this macro is a simple function call. Some
sections. By default, this macro is a simple function call. Some
ports need hand-crafted assembly code to avoid dependencies on
registers initialized in the function prologue or to ensure that
constant pools don't end up too far way in the text section.
@ -8585,7 +8585,7 @@ Expand a call to a machine specific built-in function that was set up by
@samp{MD_INIT_BUILTINS}. @var{exp} is the expression for the function call;
the result should go to @var{target} if that is convenient, and have mode
@var{mode} if that is convenient. @var{subtarget} may be used as the target
for computing one of @var{exp}'s operands. @var{ignore} is nonzero if the value
for computing one of @var{exp}'s operands. @var{ignore} is nonzero if the value
is to be ignored.
This macro should return the result of the call to the built-in function.