extend.texi (C Implementation): New chapter.
* doc/extend.texi (C Implementation): New chapter.
* doc/gcc.texi (Top): Link it in.
From-SVN: r44777
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Richard Henderson
Richard Henderson
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2001-08-10 Richard Henderson <rth@redhat.com>
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* doc/extend.texi (C Implementation): New chapter.
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* doc/gcc.texi (Top): Link it in.
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2001-08-10 Andrew Cagney <ac131313@redhat.com>
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* doc/install.texi (Specific): Fix CVS merge botch.
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@ -2,6 +2,341 @@
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@c This is part of the GCC manual.
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@c For copying conditions, see the file gcc.texi.
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@node C Implementation
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@chapter C Implementation-defined behavior
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@cindex implementation-defined behavior, C language
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A conforming implementation of ISO C is required to document its
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choice of behavior in each of the areas that are designated
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``implementation defined.'' The following lists all such areas,
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along with the section number from the ISO/IEC 9899:1999 standard.
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@menu
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* Translation implementation::
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* Environment implementation::
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* Identifiers implementation::
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* Characters implementation::
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* Integers implementation::
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* Floating point implementation::
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* Arrays and pointers implementation::
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* Hints implementation::
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* Structures unions enumerations and bit-fields implementation::
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* Qualifiers implementation::
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* Preprocessing directives implementation::
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* Library functions implementation::
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* Architecture implementation::
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* Locale-specific behavior implementation::
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@end menu
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@node Translation implementation
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@section Translation
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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@cite{How a diagnostic is identified (3.10, 5.1.1.3).}
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@item
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@cite{Whether each nonempty sequence of white-space characters other than
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new-line is retained or replaced by one space character in translation
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phase 3 (5.1.1.2).}
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@end itemize
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@node Environment implementation
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@section Environment
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The behavior of these points are dependant on the implementation
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of the C library, and are not defined by GCC itself.
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@node Identifiers implementation
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@section Identifiers
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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@cite{Which additional multibyte characters may appear in identifiers
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and their correspondence to universal character names (6.4.2).}
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@item
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@cite{The number of significant initial characters in an identifier
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(5.2.4.1, 6.4.2).}
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@end itemize
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@node Characters implementation
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@section Characters
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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@cite{The number of bits in a byte (3.6).}
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@item
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@cite{The values of the members of the execution character set (5.2.1).}
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@item
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@cite{The unique value of the member of the execution character set produced
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for each of the standard alphabetic escape sequences (5.2.2).}
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@item
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@cite{The value of a @code{char} object into which has been stored any
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character other than a member of the basic execution character set (6.2.5).}
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@item
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@cite{Which of @code{signed char} or @code{unsigned char} has the same range,
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representation, and behavior as ``plain'' char (6.2.5, 6.3.1.1).}
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@item
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@cite{The mapping of members of the source character set (in character
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constants and string literals) to members of the execution character
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set (6.4.4.4, 5.1.1.2).}
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@item
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@cite{The value of an integer character constant containing more than one
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character or containing a character or escape sequence that does not map
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to a single-byte execution character (6.4.4.4).}
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@item
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@cite{The value of a wide character constant containing more than one
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multibyte character, or containing a multibyte character or escape
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sequence not represented in the extended execution character set (6.4.4.4).}
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@item
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@cite{The current locale used to convert a wide character constant consisting
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of a single multibyte character that maps to a member of the extended
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execution character set into a corresponding wide character code (6.4.4.4).}
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@item
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@cite{The current locale used to convert a wide string literal into
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corresponding wide character codes (6.4.5).}
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@item
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@cite{The value of a string literal containing a multibyte character or escape
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sequence not represented in the execution character set (6.4.5).}
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@end itemize
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@node Integers implementation
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@section Integers
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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@cite{Any extended integer types that exist in the implementation (6.2.5).}
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@item
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@cite{Whether signed integer types are represented using sign and magnitude,
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two's complement, or one's complement, and whether the extraordinary value
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is a trap representation or an ordinary value (6.2.6.2).}
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@item
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@cite{The rank of any extended integer type relative to another extended
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integer type with the same precision (6.3.1.1).}
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@item
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@cite{The result of, or the signal raised by, converting an integer to a
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signed integer type when the value cannot be represented in an object of
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that type (6.3.1.3).}
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@item
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@cite{The results of some bitwise operations on signed integers (6.5).}
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@end itemize
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@node Floating point implementation
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@section Floating point
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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@cite{The accuracy of the floating-point operations and of the library
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functions in @file{<math.h>} and @file{<complex.h>} that return floating-point
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results (5.2.4.2.2).}
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@item
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@cite{The rounding behaviors characterized by non-standard values
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of @code{FLT_ROUNDS} (5.2.4.2.2).}
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@item
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@cite{The evaluation methods characterized by non-standard negative
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values of @code{FLT_EVAL_METHOD} (5.2.4.2.2).}
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@item
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@cite{The direction of rounding when an integer is converted to a
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floating-point number that cannot exactly represent the original
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value (6.3.1.4).}
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@item
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@cite{The direction of rounding when a floating-point number is
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converted to a narrower floating-point number (6.3.1.5).}
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@item
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@cite{How the nearest representable value or the larger or smaller
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representable value immediately adjacent to the nearest representable
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value is chosen for certain floating constants (6.4.4.2).}
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@item
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@cite{Whether and how floating expressions are contracted when not
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disallowed by the @code{FP_CONTRACT} pragma (6.5).}
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@item
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@cite{The default state for the @code{FENV_ACCESS} pragma (7.6.1).}
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@item
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@cite{Additional floating-point exceptions, rounding modes, environments,
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and classifications, and their macro names (7.6, 7.12).}
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@item
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@cite{The default state for the @code{FP_CONTRACT} pragma (7.12.2).}
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@item
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@cite{Whether the ``inexact'' floating-point exception can be raised
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when the rounded result actually does equal the mathematical result
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in an IEC 60559 conformant implementation (F.9).}
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@item
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@cite{Whether the ``underflow'' (and ``inexact'') floating-point
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exception can be raised when a result is tiny but not inexact in an
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IEC 60559 conformant implementation (F.9).}
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@end itemize
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@node Arrays and pointers implementation
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@section Arrays and pointers
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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@cite{The result of converting a pointer to an integer or
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vice versa (6.3.2.3).}
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@item
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@cite{The size of the result of subtracting two pointers to elements
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of the same array (6.5.6).}
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@end itemize
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@node Hints implementation
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@section Hints
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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@cite{The extent to which suggestions made by using the @code{register}
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storage-class specifier are effective (6.7.1).}
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@item
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@cite{The extent to which suggestions made by using the inline function
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specifier are effective (6.7.4).}
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@end itemize
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@node Structures unions enumerations and bit-fields implementation
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@section Structures, unions, enumerations, and bit-fields
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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@cite{Whether a ``plain'' int bit-field is treated as a @code{signed int}
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bit-field or as an @code{unsigned int} bit-field (6.7.2, 6.7.2.1).}
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@item
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@cite{Allowable bit-field types other than @code{_Bool}, @code{signed int},
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and @code{unsigned int} (6.7.2.1).}
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@item
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@cite{Whether a bit-field can straddle a storage-unit boundary (6.7.2.1).}
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@item
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@cite{The order of allocation of bit-fields within a unit (6.7.2.1).}
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@item
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@cite{The alignment of non-bit-field members of structures (6.7.2.1).}
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@item
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@cite{The integer type compatible with each enumerated type (6.7.2.2).}
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@end itemize
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@node Qualifiers implementation
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@section Qualifiers
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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@cite{What constitutes an access to an object that has volatile-qualified
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type (6.7.3).}
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@end itemize
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@node Preprocessing directives implementation
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@section Preprocessing directives
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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@cite{How sequences in both forms of header names are mapped to headers
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or external source file names (6.4.7).}
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@item
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@cite{Whether the value of a character constant in a constant expression
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that controls conditional inclusion matches the value of the same character
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constant in the execution character set (6.10.1).}
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@item
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@cite{Whether the value of a single-character character constant in a
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constant expression that controls conditional inclusion may have a
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negative value (6.10.1).}
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@item
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@cite{The places that are searched for an included @samp{<>} delimited
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header, and how the places are specified or the header is
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identified (6.10.2).}
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@item
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@cite{How the named source file is searched for in an included @samp{""}
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delimited header (6.10.2).}
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@item
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@cite{The method by which preprocessing tokens (possibly resulting from
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macro expansion) in a @code{#include} directive are combined into a header
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name (6.10.2).}
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@item
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@cite{The nesting limit for @code{#include} processing (6.10.2).}
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@item
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@cite{Whether the @samp{#} operator inserts a @samp{\} character before
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the @samp{\} character that begins a universal character name in a
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character constant or string literal (6.10.3.2).}
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@item
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@cite{The behavior on each recognized non-@code{STDC #pragma}
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directive (6.10.6).}
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@item
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@cite{The definitions for @code{__DATE__} and @code{__TIME__} when
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respectively, the date and time of translation are not available (6.10.8).}
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@end itemize
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@node Library functions implementation
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@section Library functions
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The behavior of these points are dependant on the implementation
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of the C library, and are not defined by GCC itself.
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@node Architecture implementation
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@section Architecture
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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@cite{The values or expressions assigned to the macros specified in the
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headers @file{<float.h>}, @file{<limits.h>}, and @file{<stdint.h>}
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(5.2.4.2, 7.18.2, 7.18.3).}
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@item
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@cite{The number, order, and encoding of bytes in any object
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(when not explicitly specified in this International Standard) (6.2.6.1).}
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@item
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@cite{The value of the result of the sizeof operator (6.5.3.4).}
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@end itemize
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@node Locale-specific behavior implementation
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@section Locale-specific behavior
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The behavior of these points are dependant on the implementation
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of the C library, and are not defined by GCC itself.
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@node C Extensions
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@chapter Extensions to the C Language Family
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@cindex extensions, C language
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@ -254,6 +254,7 @@ bugs. It corresponds to GCC version 3.1.
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* Standards:: Language standards supported by GCC.
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* Invoking GCC:: Command options supported by @samp{gcc}.
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* Installation:: How to configure, compile and install GCC.
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* C Implementation:: How GCC implements the ISO C specification.
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* C Extensions:: GNU extensions to the C language family.
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* C++ Extensions:: GNU extensions to the C++ language.
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* Objective-C:: GNU Objective-C runtime features.
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