/* CPP Library - charsets Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Broken out of c-lex.c Apr 2003, adding valid C99 UCN ranges. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */ #include "config.h" #include "system.h" #include "cpplib.h" #include "internal.h" #include "ucnid.h" /* Character set handling for C-family languages. Terminological note: In what follows, "charset" or "character set" will be taken to mean both an abstract set of characters and an encoding for that set. The C99 standard discusses two character sets: source and execution. The source character set is used for internal processing in translation phases 1 through 4; the execution character set is used thereafter. Both are required by 5.2.1.2p1 to be multibyte encodings, not wide character encodings (see 3.7.2, 3.7.3 for the standardese meanings of these terms). Furthermore, the "basic character set" (listed in 5.2.1p3) is to be encoded in each with values one byte wide, and is to appear in the initial shift state. It is not explicitly mentioned, but there is also a "wide execution character set" used to encode wide character constants and wide string literals; this is supposed to be the result of applying the standard library function mbstowcs() to an equivalent narrow string (6.4.5p5). However, the behavior of hexadecimal and octal \-escapes is at odds with this; they are supposed to be translated directly to wchar_t values (6.4.4.4p5,6). The source character set is not necessarily the character set used to encode physical source files on disk; translation phase 1 converts from whatever that encoding is to the source character set. The presence of universal character names in C99 (6.4.3 et seq.) forces the source character set to be isomorphic to ISO 10646, that is, Unicode. There is no such constraint on the execution character set; note also that the conversion from source to execution character set does not occur for identifiers (5.1.1.2p1#5). For convenience of implementation, the source character set's encoding of the basic character set should be identical to the execution character set OF THE HOST SYSTEM's encoding of the basic character set, and it should not be a state-dependent encoding. cpplib uses UTF-8 or UTF-EBCDIC for the source character set, depending on whether the host is based on ASCII or EBCDIC (see respectively Unicode section 2.3/ISO10646 Amendment 2, and Unicode Technical Report #16). With limited exceptions, it relies on the system library's iconv() primitive to do charset conversion (specified in SUSv2). */ #if !HAVE_ICONV /* Make certain that the uses of iconv(), iconv_open(), iconv_close() below, which are guarded only by if statements with compile-time constant conditions, do not cause link errors. */ #define iconv_open(x, y) (errno = EINVAL, (iconv_t)-1) #define iconv(a,b,c,d,e) (errno = EINVAL, (size_t)-1) #define iconv_close(x) (void)0 #define ICONV_CONST #endif #if HOST_CHARSET == HOST_CHARSET_ASCII #define SOURCE_CHARSET "UTF-8" #elif HOST_CHARSET == HOST_CHARSET_EBCDIC #define SOURCE_CHARSET "UTF-EBCDIC" #else #error "Unrecognized basic host character set" #endif #ifndef EILSEQ #define EILSEQ EINVAL #endif /* This structure is used for a resizable string buffer throughout. */ /* Don't call it strbuf, as that conflicts with unistd.h on systems such as DYNIX/ptx where unistd.h includes stropts.h. */ struct _cpp_strbuf { uchar *text; size_t asize; size_t len; }; /* This is enough to hold any string that fits on a single 80-column line, even if iconv quadruples its size (e.g. conversion from ASCII to UTF-32) rounded up to a power of two. */ #define OUTBUF_BLOCK_SIZE 256 /* Conversions between UTF-8 and UTF-16/32 are implemented by custom logic. This is because a depressing number of systems lack iconv, or have have iconv libraries that do not do these conversions, so we need a fallback implementation for them. To ensure the fallback doesn't break due to neglect, it is used on all systems. UTF-32 encoding is nice and simple: a four-byte binary number, constrained to the range 00000000-7FFFFFFF to avoid questions of signedness. We do have to cope with big- and little-endian variants. UTF-16 encoding uses two-byte binary numbers, again in big- and little-endian variants, for all values in the 00000000-0000FFFF range. Values in the 00010000-0010FFFF range are encoded as pairs of two-byte numbers, called "surrogate pairs": given a number S in this range, it is mapped to a pair (H, L) as follows: H = (S - 0x10000) / 0x400 + 0xD800 L = (S - 0x10000) % 0x400 + 0xDC00 Two-byte values in the D800...DFFF range are ill-formed except as a component of a surrogate pair. Even if the encoding within a two-byte value is little-endian, the H member of the surrogate pair comes first. There is no way to encode values in the 00110000-7FFFFFFF range, which is not currently a problem as there are no assigned code points in that range; however, the author expects that it will eventually become necessary to abandon UTF-16 due to this limitation. Note also that, because of these pairs, UTF-16 does not meet the requirements of the C standard for a wide character encoding (see 3.7.3 and 6.4.4.4p11). UTF-8 encoding looks like this: value range encoded as 00000000-0000007F 0xxxxxxx 00000080-000007FF 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx 00000800-0000FFFF 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 00010000-001FFFFF 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 00200000-03FFFFFF 111110xx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 04000000-7FFFFFFF 1111110x 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx Values in the 0000D800 ... 0000DFFF range (surrogates) are invalid, which means that three-byte sequences ED xx yy, with A0 <= xx <= BF, never occur. Note also that any value that can be encoded by a given row of the table can also be encoded by all successive rows, but this is not done; only the shortest possible encoding for any given value is valid. For instance, the character 07C0 could be encoded as any of DF 80, E0 9F 80, F0 80 9F 80, F8 80 80 9F 80, or FC 80 80 80 9F 80. Only the first is valid. An implementation note: the transformation from UTF-16 to UTF-8, or vice versa, is easiest done by using UTF-32 as an intermediary. */ /* Internal primitives which go from an UTF-8 byte stream to native-endian UTF-32 in a cppchar_t, or vice versa; this avoids an extra marshal/unmarshal operation in several places below. */ static inline int one_utf8_to_cppchar (const uchar **inbufp, size_t *inbytesleftp, cppchar_t *cp) { static const uchar masks[6] = { 0x7F, 0x1F, 0x0F, 0x07, 0x02, 0x01 }; static const uchar patns[6] = { 0x00, 0xC0, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8, 0xFC }; cppchar_t c; const uchar *inbuf = *inbufp; size_t nbytes, i; if (*inbytesleftp < 1) return EINVAL; c = *inbuf; if (c < 0x80) { *cp = c; *inbytesleftp -= 1; *inbufp += 1; return 0; } /* The number of leading 1-bits in the first byte indicates how many bytes follow. */ for (nbytes = 2; nbytes < 7; nbytes++) if ((c & ~masks[nbytes-1]) == patns[nbytes-1]) goto found; return EILSEQ; found: if (*inbytesleftp < nbytes) return EINVAL; c = (c & masks[nbytes-1]); inbuf++; for (i = 1; i < nbytes; i++) { cppchar_t n = *inbuf++; if ((n & 0xC0) != 0x80) return EILSEQ; c = ((c << 6) + (n & 0x3F)); } /* Make sure the shortest possible encoding was used. */ if (c <= 0x7F && nbytes > 1) return EILSEQ; if (c <= 0x7FF && nbytes > 2) return EILSEQ; if (c <= 0xFFFF && nbytes > 3) return EILSEQ; if (c <= 0x1FFFFF && nbytes > 4) return EILSEQ; if (c <= 0x3FFFFFF && nbytes > 5) return EILSEQ; /* Make sure the character is valid. */ if (c > 0x7FFFFFFF || (c >= 0xD800 && c <= 0xDFFF)) return EILSEQ; *cp = c; *inbufp = inbuf; *inbytesleftp -= nbytes; return 0; } static inline int one_cppchar_to_utf8 (cppchar_t c, uchar **outbufp, size_t *outbytesleftp) { static const uchar masks[6] = { 0x00, 0xC0, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8, 0xFC }; static const uchar limits[6] = { 0x80, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8, 0xFC, 0xFE }; size_t nbytes; uchar buf[6], *p = &buf[6]; uchar *outbuf = *outbufp; nbytes = 1; if (c < 0x80) *--p = c; else { do { *--p = ((c & 0x3F) | 0x80); c >>= 6; nbytes++; } while (c >= 0x3F || (c & limits[nbytes-1])); *--p = (c | masks[nbytes-1]); } if (*outbytesleftp < nbytes) return E2BIG; while (p < &buf[6]) *outbuf++ = *p++; *outbytesleftp -= nbytes; *outbufp = outbuf; return 0; } /* The following four functions transform one character between the two encodings named in the function name. All have the signature int (*)(iconv_t bigend, const uchar **inbufp, size_t *inbytesleftp, uchar **outbufp, size_t *outbytesleftp) BIGEND must have the value 0 or 1, coerced to (iconv_t); it is interpreted as a boolean indicating whether big-endian or little-endian encoding is to be used for the member of the pair that is not UTF-8. INBUFP, INBYTESLEFTP, OUTBUFP, OUTBYTESLEFTP work exactly as they do for iconv. The return value is either 0 for success, or an errno value for failure, which may be E2BIG (need more space), EILSEQ (ill-formed input sequence), ir EINVAL (incomplete input sequence). */ static inline int one_utf8_to_utf32 (iconv_t bigend, const uchar **inbufp, size_t *inbytesleftp, uchar **outbufp, size_t *outbytesleftp) { uchar *outbuf; cppchar_t s = 0; int rval; /* Check for space first, since we know exactly how much we need. */ if (*outbytesleftp < 4) return E2BIG; rval = one_utf8_to_cppchar (inbufp, inbytesleftp, &s); if (rval) return rval; outbuf = *outbufp; outbuf[bigend ? 3 : 0] = (s & 0x000000FF); outbuf[bigend ? 2 : 1] = (s & 0x0000FF00) >> 8; outbuf[bigend ? 1 : 2] = (s & 0x00FF0000) >> 16; outbuf[bigend ? 0 : 3] = (s & 0xFF000000) >> 24; *outbufp += 4; *outbytesleftp -= 4; return 0; } static inline int one_utf32_to_utf8 (iconv_t bigend, const uchar **inbufp, size_t *inbytesleftp, uchar **outbufp, size_t *outbytesleftp) { cppchar_t s; int rval; const uchar *inbuf; if (*inbytesleftp < 4) return EINVAL; inbuf = *inbufp; s = inbuf[bigend ? 0 : 3] << 24; s += inbuf[bigend ? 1 : 2] << 16; s += inbuf[bigend ? 2 : 1] << 8; s += inbuf[bigend ? 3 : 0]; if (s >= 0x7FFFFFFF || (s >= 0xD800 && s <= 0xDFFF)) return EILSEQ; rval = one_cppchar_to_utf8 (s, outbufp, outbytesleftp); if (rval) return rval; *inbufp += 4; *inbytesleftp -= 4; return 0; } static inline int one_utf8_to_utf16 (iconv_t bigend, const uchar **inbufp, size_t *inbytesleftp, uchar **outbufp, size_t *outbytesleftp) { int rval; cppchar_t s = 0; const uchar *save_inbuf = *inbufp; size_t save_inbytesleft = *inbytesleftp; uchar *outbuf = *outbufp; rval = one_utf8_to_cppchar (inbufp, inbytesleftp, &s); if (rval) return rval; if (s > 0x0010FFFF) { *inbufp = save_inbuf; *inbytesleftp = save_inbytesleft; return EILSEQ; } if (s < 0xFFFF) { if (*outbytesleftp < 2) { *inbufp = save_inbuf; *inbytesleftp = save_inbytesleft; return E2BIG; } outbuf[bigend ? 1 : 0] = (s & 0x00FF); outbuf[bigend ? 0 : 1] = (s & 0xFF00) >> 8; *outbufp += 2; *outbytesleftp -= 2; return 0; } else { cppchar_t hi, lo; if (*outbytesleftp < 4) { *inbufp = save_inbuf; *inbytesleftp = save_inbytesleft; return E2BIG; } hi = (s - 0x10000) / 0x400 + 0xD800; lo = (s - 0x10000) % 0x400 + 0xDC00; /* Even if we are little-endian, put the high surrogate first. ??? Matches practice? */ outbuf[bigend ? 1 : 0] = (hi & 0x00FF); outbuf[bigend ? 0 : 1] = (hi & 0xFF00) >> 8; outbuf[bigend ? 3 : 2] = (lo & 0x00FF); outbuf[bigend ? 2 : 3] = (lo & 0xFF00) >> 8; *outbufp += 4; *outbytesleftp -= 4; return 0; } } static inline int one_utf16_to_utf8 (iconv_t bigend, const uchar **inbufp, size_t *inbytesleftp, uchar **outbufp, size_t *outbytesleftp) { cppchar_t s; const uchar *inbuf = *inbufp; int rval; if (*inbytesleftp < 2) return EINVAL; s = inbuf[bigend ? 0 : 1] << 8; s += inbuf[bigend ? 1 : 0]; /* Low surrogate without immediately preceding high surrogate is invalid. */ if (s >= 0xDC00 && s <= 0xDFFF) return EILSEQ; /* High surrogate must have a following low surrogate. */ else if (s >= 0xD800 && s <= 0xDBFF) { cppchar_t hi = s, lo; if (*inbytesleftp < 4) return EINVAL; lo = inbuf[bigend ? 2 : 3] << 8; lo += inbuf[bigend ? 3 : 2]; if (lo < 0xDC00 || lo > 0xDFFF) return EILSEQ; s = (hi - 0xD800) * 0x400 + (lo - 0xDC00) + 0x10000; } rval = one_cppchar_to_utf8 (s, outbufp, outbytesleftp); if (rval) return rval; /* Success - update the input pointers (one_cppchar_to_utf8 has done the output pointers for us). */ if (s <= 0xFFFF) { *inbufp += 2; *inbytesleftp -= 2; } else { *inbufp += 4; *inbytesleftp -= 4; } return 0; } /* Helper routine for the next few functions. The 'const' on one_conversion means that we promise not to modify what function is pointed to, which lets the inliner see through it. */ static inline bool conversion_loop (int (*const one_conversion)(iconv_t, const uchar **, size_t *, uchar **, size_t *), iconv_t cd, const uchar *from, size_t flen, struct _cpp_strbuf *to) { const uchar *inbuf; uchar *outbuf; size_t inbytesleft, outbytesleft; int rval; inbuf = from; inbytesleft = flen; outbuf = to->text + to->len; outbytesleft = to->asize - to->len; for (;;) { do rval = one_conversion (cd, &inbuf, &inbytesleft, &outbuf, &outbytesleft); while (inbytesleft && !rval); if (__builtin_expect (inbytesleft == 0, 1)) { to->len = to->asize - outbytesleft; return true; } if (rval != E2BIG) { errno = rval; return false; } outbytesleft += OUTBUF_BLOCK_SIZE; to->asize += OUTBUF_BLOCK_SIZE; to->text = xrealloc (to->text, to->asize); outbuf = to->text + to->asize - outbytesleft; } } /* These functions convert entire strings between character sets. They all have the signature bool (*)(iconv_t cd, const uchar *from, size_t flen, struct _cpp_strbuf *to); The input string FROM is converted as specified by the function name plus the iconv descriptor CD (which may be fake), and the result appended to TO. On any error, false is returned, otherwise true. */ /* These four use the custom conversion code above. */ static bool convert_utf8_utf16 (iconv_t cd, const uchar *from, size_t flen, struct _cpp_strbuf *to) { return conversion_loop (one_utf8_to_utf16, cd, from, flen, to); } static bool convert_utf8_utf32 (iconv_t cd, const uchar *from, size_t flen, struct _cpp_strbuf *to) { return conversion_loop (one_utf8_to_utf32, cd, from, flen, to); } static bool convert_utf16_utf8 (iconv_t cd, const uchar *from, size_t flen, struct _cpp_strbuf *to) { return conversion_loop (one_utf16_to_utf8, cd, from, flen, to); } static bool convert_utf32_utf8 (iconv_t cd, const uchar *from, size_t flen, struct _cpp_strbuf *to) { return conversion_loop (one_utf32_to_utf8, cd, from, flen, to); } /* Identity conversion, used when we have no alternative. */ static bool convert_no_conversion (iconv_t cd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, const uchar *from, size_t flen, struct _cpp_strbuf *to) { if (to->len + flen > to->asize) { to->asize = to->len + flen; to->text = xrealloc (to->text, to->asize); } memcpy (to->text + to->len, from, flen); to->len += flen; return true; } /* And this one uses the system iconv primitive. It's a little different, since iconv's interface is a little different. */ #if HAVE_ICONV static bool convert_using_iconv (iconv_t cd, const uchar *from, size_t flen, struct _cpp_strbuf *to) { ICONV_CONST char *inbuf; char *outbuf; size_t inbytesleft, outbytesleft; /* Reset conversion descriptor and check that it is valid. */ if (iconv (cd, 0, 0, 0, 0) == (size_t)-1) return false; inbuf = (ICONV_CONST char *)from; inbytesleft = flen; outbuf = (char *)to->text + to->len; outbytesleft = to->asize - to->len; for (;;) { iconv (cd, &inbuf, &inbytesleft, &outbuf, &outbytesleft); if (__builtin_expect (inbytesleft == 0, 1)) { to->len = to->asize - outbytesleft; return true; } if (errno != E2BIG) return false; outbytesleft += OUTBUF_BLOCK_SIZE; to->asize += OUTBUF_BLOCK_SIZE; to->text = xrealloc (to->text, to->asize); outbuf = (char *)to->text + to->asize - outbytesleft; } } #else #define convert_using_iconv 0 /* prevent undefined symbol error below */ #endif /* Arrange for the above custom conversion logic to be used automatically when conversion between a suitable pair of character sets is requested. */ #define APPLY_CONVERSION(CONVERTER, FROM, FLEN, TO) \ CONVERTER.func (CONVERTER.cd, FROM, FLEN, TO) struct conversion { const char *pair; convert_f func; iconv_t fake_cd; }; static const struct conversion conversion_tab[] = { { "UTF-8/UTF-32LE", convert_utf8_utf32, (iconv_t)0 }, { "UTF-8/UTF-32BE", convert_utf8_utf32, (iconv_t)1 }, { "UTF-8/UTF-16LE", convert_utf8_utf16, (iconv_t)0 }, { "UTF-8/UTF-16BE", convert_utf8_utf16, (iconv_t)1 }, { "UTF-32LE/UTF-8", convert_utf32_utf8, (iconv_t)0 }, { "UTF-32BE/UTF-8", convert_utf32_utf8, (iconv_t)1 }, { "UTF-16LE/UTF-8", convert_utf16_utf8, (iconv_t)0 }, { "UTF-16BE/UTF-8", convert_utf16_utf8, (iconv_t)1 }, }; /* Subroutine of cpp_init_iconv: initialize and return a cset_converter structure for conversion from FROM to TO. If iconv_open() fails, issue an error and return an identity converter. Silently return an identity converter if FROM and TO are identical. */ static struct cset_converter init_iconv_desc (cpp_reader *pfile, const char *to, const char *from) { struct cset_converter ret; char *pair; size_t i; if (!strcasecmp (to, from)) { ret.func = convert_no_conversion; ret.cd = (iconv_t) -1; return ret; } pair = alloca(strlen(to) + strlen(from) + 2); strcpy(pair, from); strcat(pair, "/"); strcat(pair, to); for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE (conversion_tab); i++) if (!strcasecmp (pair, conversion_tab[i].pair)) { ret.func = conversion_tab[i].func; ret.cd = conversion_tab[i].fake_cd; return ret; } /* No custom converter - try iconv. */ if (HAVE_ICONV) { ret.func = convert_using_iconv; ret.cd = iconv_open (to, from); if (ret.cd == (iconv_t) -1) { if (errno == EINVAL) cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR, /* FIXME should be DL_SORRY */ "conversion from %s to %s not supported by iconv", from, to); else cpp_errno (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR, "iconv_open"); ret.func = convert_no_conversion; } } else { cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR, /* FIXME: should be DL_SORRY */ "no iconv implementation, cannot convert from %s to %s", from, to); ret.func = convert_no_conversion; ret.cd = (iconv_t) -1; } return ret; } /* If charset conversion is requested, initialize iconv(3) descriptors for conversion from the source character set to the execution character sets. If iconv is not present in the C library, and conversion is requested, issue an error. */ void cpp_init_iconv (cpp_reader *pfile) { const char *ncset = CPP_OPTION (pfile, narrow_charset); const char *wcset = CPP_OPTION (pfile, wide_charset); const char *default_wcset; bool be = CPP_OPTION (pfile, bytes_big_endian); if (CPP_OPTION (pfile, wchar_precision) >= 32) default_wcset = be ? "UTF-32BE" : "UTF-32LE"; else if (CPP_OPTION (pfile, wchar_precision) >= 16) default_wcset = be ? "UTF-16BE" : "UTF-16LE"; else /* This effectively means that wide strings are not supported, so don't do any conversion at all. */ default_wcset = SOURCE_CHARSET; if (!ncset) ncset = SOURCE_CHARSET; if (!wcset) wcset = default_wcset; pfile->narrow_cset_desc = init_iconv_desc (pfile, ncset, SOURCE_CHARSET); pfile->wide_cset_desc = init_iconv_desc (pfile, wcset, SOURCE_CHARSET); } void _cpp_destroy_iconv (cpp_reader *pfile) { if (HAVE_ICONV) { if (pfile->narrow_cset_desc.func == convert_using_iconv) iconv_close (pfile->narrow_cset_desc.cd); if (pfile->wide_cset_desc.func == convert_using_iconv) iconv_close (pfile->wide_cset_desc.cd); } } /* Utility routine that computes a mask of the form 0000...111... with WIDTH 1-bits. */ static inline size_t width_to_mask (size_t width) { width = MIN (width, BITS_PER_CPPCHAR_T); if (width >= CHAR_BIT * sizeof (size_t)) return ~(size_t) 0; else return ((size_t) 1 << width) - 1; } /* Returns 1 if C is valid in an identifier, 2 if C is valid except at the start of an identifier, and 0 if C is not valid in an identifier. We assume C has already gone through the checks of _cpp_valid_ucn. The algorithm is a simple binary search on the table defined in cppucnid.h. */ static int ucn_valid_in_identifier (cpp_reader *pfile, cppchar_t c) { int mn, mx, md; mn = -1; mx = ARRAY_SIZE (ucnranges); while (mx - mn > 1) { md = (mn + mx) / 2; if (c < ucnranges[md].lo) mx = md; else if (c > ucnranges[md].hi) mn = md; else goto found; } return 0; found: /* When -pedantic, we require the character to have been listed by the standard for the current language. Otherwise, we accept the union of the acceptable sets for C++98 and C99. */ if (CPP_PEDANTIC (pfile) && ((CPP_OPTION (pfile, c99) && !(ucnranges[md].flags & C99)) || (CPP_OPTION (pfile, cplusplus) && !(ucnranges[md].flags & CXX)))) return 0; /* In C99, UCN digits may not begin identifiers. */ if (CPP_OPTION (pfile, c99) && (ucnranges[md].flags & DIG)) return 2; return 1; } /* [lex.charset]: The character designated by the universal character name \UNNNNNNNN is that character whose character short name in ISO/IEC 10646 is NNNNNNNN; the character designated by the universal character name \uNNNN is that character whose character short name in ISO/IEC 10646 is 0000NNNN. If the hexadecimal value for a universal character name is less than 0x20 or in the range 0x7F-0x9F (inclusive), or if the universal character name designates a character in the basic source character set, then the program is ill-formed. *PSTR must be preceded by "\u" or "\U"; it is assumed that the buffer end is delimited by a non-hex digit. Returns zero if UCNs are not part of the relevant standard, or if the string beginning at *PSTR doesn't syntactically match the form 'NNNN' or 'NNNNNNNN'. Otherwise the nonzero value of the UCN, whether valid or invalid, is returned. Diagnostics are emitted for invalid values. PSTR is updated to point one beyond the UCN, or to the syntactically invalid character. IDENTIFIER_POS is 0 when not in an identifier, 1 for the start of an identifier, or 2 otherwise. */ cppchar_t _cpp_valid_ucn (cpp_reader *pfile, const uchar **pstr, const uchar *limit, int identifier_pos) { cppchar_t result, c; unsigned int length; const uchar *str = *pstr; const uchar *base = str - 2; if (!CPP_OPTION (pfile, cplusplus) && !CPP_OPTION (pfile, c99)) cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_WARNING, "universal character names are only valid in C++ and C99"); else if (CPP_WTRADITIONAL (pfile) && identifier_pos == 0) cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_WARNING, "the meaning of '\\%c' is different in traditional C", (int) str[-1]); if (str[-1] == 'u') length = 4; else if (str[-1] == 'U') length = 8; else abort(); result = 0; do { c = *str; if (!ISXDIGIT (c)) break; str++; result = (result << 4) + hex_value (c); } while (--length && str < limit); *pstr = str; if (length) { /* We'll error when we try it out as the start of an identifier. */ cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR, "incomplete universal character name %.*s", (int) (str - base), base); result = 1; } /* The standard permits $, @ and ` to be specified as UCNs. We use hex escapes so that this also works with EBCDIC hosts. */ else if ((result < 0xa0 && (result != 0x24 && result != 0x40 && result != 0x60)) || (result & 0x80000000) || (result >= 0xD800 && result <= 0xDFFF)) { cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR, "%.*s is not a valid universal character", (int) (str - base), base); result = 1; } else if (identifier_pos) { int validity = ucn_valid_in_identifier (pfile, result); if (validity == 0) cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR, "universal character %.*s is not valid in an identifier", (int) (str - base), base); else if (validity == 2 && identifier_pos == 1) cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR, "universal character %.*s is not valid at the start of an identifier", (int) (str - base), base); } if (result == 0) result = 1; return result; } /* Convert an UCN, pointed to by FROM, to UTF-8 encoding, then translate it to the execution character set and write the result into TBUF. An advanced pointer is returned. Issues all relevant diagnostics. */ static const uchar * convert_ucn (cpp_reader *pfile, const uchar *from, const uchar *limit, struct _cpp_strbuf *tbuf, bool wide) { cppchar_t ucn; uchar buf[6]; uchar *bufp = buf; size_t bytesleft = 6; int rval; struct cset_converter cvt = wide ? pfile->wide_cset_desc : pfile->narrow_cset_desc; from++; /* Skip u/U. */ ucn = _cpp_valid_ucn (pfile, &from, limit, 0); rval = one_cppchar_to_utf8 (ucn, &bufp, &bytesleft); if (rval) { errno = rval; cpp_errno (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR, "converting UCN to source character set"); } else if (!APPLY_CONVERSION (cvt, buf, 6 - bytesleft, tbuf)) cpp_errno (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR, "converting UCN to execution character set"); return from; } static void emit_numeric_escape (cpp_reader *pfile, cppchar_t n, struct _cpp_strbuf *tbuf, bool wide) { if (wide) { /* We have to render this into the target byte order, which may not be our byte order. */ bool bigend = CPP_OPTION (pfile, bytes_big_endian); size_t width = CPP_OPTION (pfile, wchar_precision); size_t cwidth = CPP_OPTION (pfile, char_precision); size_t cmask = width_to_mask (cwidth); size_t nbwc = width / cwidth; size_t i; size_t off = tbuf->len; cppchar_t c; if (tbuf->len + nbwc > tbuf->asize) { tbuf->asize += OUTBUF_BLOCK_SIZE; tbuf->text = xrealloc (tbuf->text, tbuf->asize); } for (i = 0; i < nbwc; i++) { c = n & cmask; n >>= cwidth; tbuf->text[off + (bigend ? nbwc - i - 1 : i)] = c; } tbuf->len += nbwc; } else { if (tbuf->len + 1 > tbuf->asize) { tbuf->asize += OUTBUF_BLOCK_SIZE; tbuf->text = xrealloc (tbuf->text, tbuf->asize); } tbuf->text[tbuf->len++] = n; } } /* Convert a hexadecimal escape, pointed to by FROM, to the execution character set and write it into the string buffer TBUF. Returns an advanced pointer, and issues diagnostics as necessary. No character set translation occurs; this routine always produces the execution-set character with numeric value equal to the given hex number. You can, e.g. generate surrogate pairs this way. */ static const uchar * convert_hex (cpp_reader *pfile, const uchar *from, const uchar *limit, struct _cpp_strbuf *tbuf, bool wide) { cppchar_t c, n = 0, overflow = 0; int digits_found = 0; size_t width = (wide ? CPP_OPTION (pfile, wchar_precision) : CPP_OPTION (pfile, char_precision)); size_t mask = width_to_mask (width); if (CPP_WTRADITIONAL (pfile)) cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_WARNING, "the meaning of '\\x' is different in traditional C"); from++; /* Skip 'x'. */ while (from < limit) { c = *from; if (! hex_p (c)) break; from++; overflow |= n ^ (n << 4 >> 4); n = (n << 4) + hex_value (c); digits_found = 1; } if (!digits_found) { cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR, "\\x used with no following hex digits"); return from; } if (overflow | (n != (n & mask))) { cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_PEDWARN, "hex escape sequence out of range"); n &= mask; } emit_numeric_escape (pfile, n, tbuf, wide); return from; } /* Convert an octal escape, pointed to by FROM, to the execution character set and write it into the string buffer TBUF. Returns an advanced pointer, and issues diagnostics as necessary. No character set translation occurs; this routine always produces the execution-set character with numeric value equal to the given octal number. */ static const uchar * convert_oct (cpp_reader *pfile, const uchar *from, const uchar *limit, struct _cpp_strbuf *tbuf, bool wide) { size_t count = 0; cppchar_t c, n = 0; size_t width = (wide ? CPP_OPTION (pfile, wchar_precision) : CPP_OPTION (pfile, char_precision)); size_t mask = width_to_mask (width); bool overflow = false; while (from < limit && count++ < 3) { c = *from; if (c < '0' || c > '7') break; from++; overflow |= n ^ (n << 3 >> 3); n = (n << 3) + c - '0'; } if (n != (n & mask)) { cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_PEDWARN, "octal escape sequence out of range"); n &= mask; } emit_numeric_escape (pfile, n, tbuf, wide); return from; } /* Convert an escape sequence (pointed to by FROM) to its value on the target, and to the execution character set. Do not scan past LIMIT. Write the converted value into TBUF. Returns an advanced pointer. Handles all relevant diagnostics. */ static const uchar * convert_escape (cpp_reader *pfile, const uchar *from, const uchar *limit, struct _cpp_strbuf *tbuf, bool wide) { /* Values of \a \b \e \f \n \r \t \v respectively. */ #if HOST_CHARSET == HOST_CHARSET_ASCII static const uchar charconsts[] = { 7, 8, 27, 12, 10, 13, 9, 11 }; #elif HOST_CHARSET == HOST_CHARSET_EBCDIC static const uchar charconsts[] = { 47, 22, 39, 12, 21, 13, 5, 11 }; #else #error "unknown host character set" #endif uchar c; struct cset_converter cvt = wide ? pfile->wide_cset_desc : pfile->narrow_cset_desc; c = *from; switch (c) { /* UCNs, hex escapes, and octal escapes are processed separately. */ case 'u': case 'U': return convert_ucn (pfile, from, limit, tbuf, wide); case 'x': return convert_hex (pfile, from, limit, tbuf, wide); break; case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': return convert_oct (pfile, from, limit, tbuf, wide); /* Various letter escapes. Get the appropriate host-charset value into C. */ case '\\': case '\'': case '"': case '?': break; case '(': case '{': case '[': case '%': /* '\(', etc, can be used at the beginning of a line in a long string split onto multiple lines with \-newline, to prevent Emacs or other text editors from getting confused. '\%' can be used to prevent SCCS from mangling printf format strings. */ if (CPP_PEDANTIC (pfile)) goto unknown; break; case 'b': c = charconsts[1]; break; case 'f': c = charconsts[3]; break; case 'n': c = charconsts[4]; break; case 'r': c = charconsts[5]; break; case 't': c = charconsts[6]; break; case 'v': c = charconsts[7]; break; case 'a': if (CPP_WTRADITIONAL (pfile)) cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_WARNING, "the meaning of '\\a' is different in traditional C"); c = charconsts[0]; break; case 'e': case 'E': if (CPP_PEDANTIC (pfile)) cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_PEDWARN, "non-ISO-standard escape sequence, '\\%c'", (int) c); c = charconsts[2]; break; default: unknown: if (ISGRAPH (c)) cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_PEDWARN, "unknown escape sequence '\\%c'", (int) c); else cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_PEDWARN, "unknown escape sequence: '\\%03o'", (int) c); } /* Now convert what we have to the execution character set. */ if (!APPLY_CONVERSION (cvt, &c, 1, tbuf)) cpp_errno (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR, "converting escape sequence to execution character set"); return from + 1; } /* FROM is an array of cpp_string structures of length COUNT. These are to be converted from the source to the execution character set, escape sequences translated, and finally all are to be concatenated. WIDE indicates whether or not to produce a wide string. The result is written into TO. Returns true for success, false for failure. */ bool cpp_interpret_string (cpp_reader *pfile, const cpp_string *from, size_t count, cpp_string *to, bool wide) { struct _cpp_strbuf tbuf; const uchar *p, *base, *limit; size_t i; struct cset_converter cvt = wide ? pfile->wide_cset_desc : pfile->narrow_cset_desc; tbuf.asize = MAX (OUTBUF_BLOCK_SIZE, from->len); tbuf.text = xmalloc (tbuf.asize); tbuf.len = 0; for (i = 0; i < count; i++) { p = from[i].text; if (*p == 'L') p++; p++; /* Skip leading quote. */ limit = from[i].text + from[i].len - 1; /* Skip trailing quote. */ for (;;) { base = p; while (p < limit && *p != '\\') p++; if (p > base) { /* We have a run of normal characters; these can be fed directly to convert_cset. */ if (!APPLY_CONVERSION (cvt, base, p - base, &tbuf)) goto fail; } if (p == limit) break; p = convert_escape (pfile, p + 1, limit, &tbuf, wide); } } /* NUL-terminate the 'to' buffer and translate it to a cpp_string structure. */ emit_numeric_escape (pfile, 0, &tbuf, wide); tbuf.text = xrealloc (tbuf.text, tbuf.len); to->text = tbuf.text; to->len = tbuf.len; return true; fail: cpp_errno (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR, "converting to execution character set"); free (tbuf.text); return false; } /* Subroutine of do_line and do_linemarker. Convert escape sequences in a string, but do not perform character set conversion. */ bool cpp_interpret_string_notranslate (cpp_reader *pfile, const cpp_string *from, size_t count, cpp_string *to, bool wide) { struct cset_converter save_narrow_cset_desc = pfile->narrow_cset_desc; bool retval; pfile->narrow_cset_desc.func = convert_no_conversion; pfile->narrow_cset_desc.cd = (iconv_t) -1; retval = cpp_interpret_string (pfile, from, count, to, wide); pfile->narrow_cset_desc = save_narrow_cset_desc; return retval; } /* Subroutine of cpp_interpret_charconst which performs the conversion to a number, for narrow strings. STR is the string structure returned by cpp_interpret_string. PCHARS_SEEN and UNSIGNEDP are as for cpp_interpret_charconst. */ static cppchar_t narrow_str_to_charconst (cpp_reader *pfile, cpp_string str, unsigned int *pchars_seen, int *unsignedp) { size_t width = CPP_OPTION (pfile, char_precision); size_t max_chars = CPP_OPTION (pfile, int_precision) / width; size_t mask = width_to_mask (width); size_t i; cppchar_t result, c; bool unsigned_p; /* The value of a multi-character character constant, or a single-character character constant whose representation in the execution character set is more than one byte long, is implementation defined. This implementation defines it to be the number formed by interpreting the byte sequence in memory as a big-endian binary number. If overflow occurs, the high bytes are lost, and a warning is issued. We don't want to process the NUL terminator handed back by cpp_interpret_string. */ result = 0; for (i = 0; i < str.len - 1; i++) { c = str.text[i] & mask; if (width < BITS_PER_CPPCHAR_T) result = (result << width) | c; else result = c; } if (i > max_chars) { i = max_chars; cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_WARNING, "character constant too long for its type"); } else if (i > 1 && CPP_OPTION (pfile, warn_multichar)) cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_WARNING, "multi-character character constant"); /* Multichar constants are of type int and therefore signed. */ if (i > 1) unsigned_p = 0; else unsigned_p = CPP_OPTION (pfile, unsigned_char); /* Truncate the constant to its natural width, and simultaneously sign- or zero-extend to the full width of cppchar_t. For single-character constants, the value is WIDTH bits wide. For multi-character constants, the value is INT_PRECISION bits wide. */ if (i > 1) width = CPP_OPTION (pfile, int_precision); if (width < BITS_PER_CPPCHAR_T) { mask = ((cppchar_t) 1 << width) - 1; if (unsigned_p || !(result & (1 << (width - 1)))) result &= mask; else result |= ~mask; } *pchars_seen = i; *unsignedp = unsigned_p; return result; } /* Subroutine of cpp_interpret_charconst which performs the conversion to a number, for wide strings. STR is the string structure returned by cpp_interpret_string. PCHARS_SEEN and UNSIGNEDP are as for cpp_interpret_charconst. */ static cppchar_t wide_str_to_charconst (cpp_reader *pfile, cpp_string str, unsigned int *pchars_seen, int *unsignedp) { bool bigend = CPP_OPTION (pfile, bytes_big_endian); size_t width = CPP_OPTION (pfile, wchar_precision); size_t cwidth = CPP_OPTION (pfile, char_precision); size_t mask = width_to_mask (width); size_t cmask = width_to_mask (cwidth); size_t nbwc = width / cwidth; size_t off, i; cppchar_t result = 0, c; /* This is finicky because the string is in the target's byte order, which may not be our byte order. Only the last character, ignoring the NUL terminator, is relevant. */ off = str.len - (nbwc * 2); result = 0; for (i = 0; i < nbwc; i++) { c = bigend ? str.text[off + i] : str.text[off + nbwc - i - 1]; result = (result << cwidth) | (c & cmask); } /* Wide character constants have type wchar_t, and a single character exactly fills a wchar_t, so a multi-character wide character constant is guaranteed to overflow. */ if (off > 0) cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_WARNING, "character constant too long for its type"); /* Truncate the constant to its natural width, and simultaneously sign- or zero-extend to the full width of cppchar_t. */ if (width < BITS_PER_CPPCHAR_T) { if (CPP_OPTION (pfile, unsigned_wchar) || !(result & (1 << (width - 1)))) result &= mask; else result |= ~mask; } *unsignedp = CPP_OPTION (pfile, unsigned_wchar); *pchars_seen = 1; return result; } /* Interpret a (possibly wide) character constant in TOKEN. PCHARS_SEEN points to a variable that is filled in with the number of characters seen, and UNSIGNEDP to a variable that indicates whether the result has signed type. */ cppchar_t cpp_interpret_charconst (cpp_reader *pfile, const cpp_token *token, unsigned int *pchars_seen, int *unsignedp) { cpp_string str = { 0, 0 }; bool wide = (token->type == CPP_WCHAR); cppchar_t result; /* an empty constant will appear as L'' or '' */ if (token->val.str.len == (size_t) (2 + wide)) { cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR, "empty character constant"); return 0; } else if (!cpp_interpret_string (pfile, &token->val.str, 1, &str, wide)) return 0; if (wide) result = wide_str_to_charconst (pfile, str, pchars_seen, unsignedp); else result = narrow_str_to_charconst (pfile, str, pchars_seen, unsignedp); if (str.text != token->val.str.text) free ((void *)str.text); return result; } uchar * _cpp_convert_input (cpp_reader *pfile, const char *input_charset, uchar *input, size_t size, size_t len, off_t *st_size) { struct cset_converter input_cset; struct _cpp_strbuf to; input_cset = init_iconv_desc (pfile, SOURCE_CHARSET, input_charset); if (input_cset.func == convert_no_conversion) { to.text = input; to.asize = size; to.len = len; } else { to.asize = MAX (65536, len); to.text = xmalloc (to.asize); to.len = 0; if (!APPLY_CONVERSION (input_cset, input, len, &to)) cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR, "failure to convert %s to %s", CPP_OPTION (pfile, input_charset), SOURCE_CHARSET); free (input); } /* Clean up the mess. */ if (input_cset.func == convert_using_iconv) iconv_close (input_cset.cd); /* Resize buffer if we allocated substantially too much, or if we haven't enough space for the \n-terminator. */ if (to.len + 4096 < to.asize || to.len >= to.asize) to.text = xrealloc (to.text, to.len + 1); to.text[to.len] = '\n'; *st_size = to.len; return to.text; } const char * _cpp_default_encoding (void) { const char *current_encoding = NULL; /* We disable this because the default codeset is 7-bit ASCII on most platforms, and this causes conversion failures on every file in GCC that happens to have one of the upper 128 characters in it -- most likely, as part of the name of a contributor. We should definitely recognize in-band markers of file encoding, like: - the appropriate Unicode byte-order mark (FE FF) to recognize UTF16 and UCS4 (in both big-endian and little-endian flavors) and UTF8 - a "#i", "#d", "/*", "//", " #p" or "#p" (for #pragma) to distinguish ASCII and EBCDIC. - now we can parse something like "#pragma GCC encoding on the first line, or even Emacs/VIM's mode line tags (there's a problem here in that VIM uses the last line, and Emacs has its more elaborate "Local variables:" convention). - investigate whether Java has another common convention, which would be friendly to support. (Zack Weinberg and Paolo Bonzini, May 20th 2004) */ #if defined (HAVE_LOCALE_H) && defined (HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET) && 0 setlocale (LC_CTYPE, ""); current_encoding = nl_langinfo (CODESET); #endif if (current_encoding == NULL || *current_encoding == '\0') current_encoding = SOURCE_CHARSET; return current_encoding; }