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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Appendix D.  GNU General Public License version 3</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.78.1" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="appendix.html" title="Part IV.  Appendices" /><link rel="prev" href="appendix_free.html" title="Appendix C.  Free Software Needs Free Documentation" /><link rel="next" href="appendix_gfdl.html" title="Appendix E. GNU Free Documentation License" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Appendix D. 
<acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License version 3
</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="appendix_free.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part IV. 
Appendices
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="appendix_gfdl.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="appendix"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="appendix.gpl-3.0"></a>
<acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License version 3
</h1></div></div></div><p>
Version 3, 29 June 2007
</p><p>
Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
<a class="link" href="http://www.fsf.org/" target="_top">http://www.fsf.org/</a>
</p><p>
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license
document, but changing it is not allowed.
</p><h2><a id="gpl-3-preamble"></a>
Preamble
</h2><p>
The <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License is a free, copyleft
license for software and other kinds of works.
</p><p>
The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed to
take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast, the
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freedom to share and change all versions of a program—to make sure it
remains free software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation,
use the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License for most of our
software; it applies also to any other work released this way by its
authors. You can apply it to your programs, too.
</p><p>
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our
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to distribute copies of free software (and charge for them if you wish),
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know you can do these things.
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To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you these
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it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.
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For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or
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Developers that use the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym>
protect your rights with two steps: (1) assert copyright on the software,
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The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification
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</p><h2><a id="id-1.3.6.5.16"></a>
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
</h2><h2><a id="gpl-3-definitions"></a>
0. Definitions.
</h2><p>
“This License” refers to version 3 of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym>
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“Copyright” also means copyright-like laws that apply to other
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To “modify” a work means to copy from or adapt all or part of
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earlier work.
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A “covered work” means either the unmodified Program or a work
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To “propagate” a work means to do anything with it that, without
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countries other activities as well.
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To “convey” a work means any kind of propagation that enables
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An interactive user interface displays “Appropriate Legal
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a list of user commands or options, such as a menu, a prominent item in the
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</p><h2><a id="SourceCode"></a>
1. Source Code.
</h2><p>
The “source code” for a work means the preferred form of the
work for making modifications to it. “Object code” means any
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</p><p>
A “Standard Interface” means an interface that either is an
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The “System Libraries” of an executable work include anything,
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The “Corresponding Source” for a work in object code form means
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The Corresponding Source need not include anything that users can regenerate
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The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that same work.
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All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of copyright
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This License explicitly affirms your unlimited permission to run the
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You may make, run and propagate covered works that you do not convey,
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Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted solely under the
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</p><h2><a id="Protecting"></a>
3. Protecting Users Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.
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No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective technological measure
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When you convey a covered work, you waive any legal power to forbid
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the work as a means of enforcing, against the works users, your or
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</p><h2><a id="ConveyingVerbatim"></a>
4. Conveying Verbatim Copies.
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You may convey verbatim copies of the Programs source code as you
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You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey, and you
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5. Conveying Modified Source Versions.
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The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified it, and
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The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is released under
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notices”.
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You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this License to
anyone who comes into possession of a copy. This License will therefore
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whole of the work, and all its parts, regardless of how they are
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separately received it.
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If the work has interactive user interfaces, each must display
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6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.
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Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product (including
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fixed on a durable physical medium customarily used for software
interchange.
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Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product (including
a physical distribution medium), accompanied by a written offer, valid
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or customer support for that product model, to give anyone who possesses
the object code either (1) a copy of the Corresponding Source for all
the software in the product that is covered by this License, on a
durable physical medium customarily used for software interchange, for a
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conveying of source, or (2) access to copy the Corresponding Source from
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Convey individual copies of the object code with a copy of the written
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Convey the object code by offering access from a designated place
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</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided you
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subsection 6d.
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A separable portion of the object code, whose source code is excluded from
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</p><p>
A “User Product” is either (1) a “consumer product”,
which means any tangible personal property which is normally used for
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For a particular product received by a particular user, “normally
used” refers to a typical or common use of that class of product,
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particular user actually uses, or expects or is expected to use, the
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</p><p>
“Installation Information” for a User Product means any methods,
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</p><p>
If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or
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third party retains the ability to install modified object code on the User
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<acronym class="acronym">ROM</acronym>).
</p><p>
The requirement to provide Installation Information does not include a
requirement to continue to provide support service, warranty, or updates for
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be denied when the modification itself materially and adversely affects the
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communication across the network.
</p><p>
Corresponding Source conveyed, and Installation Information provided, in
accord with this section must be in a format that is publicly documented
(and with an implementation available to the public in source code form),
and must require no special password or key for unpacking, reading or
copying.
</p><h2><a id="AdditionalTerms"></a>
7. Additional Terms.
</h2><p>
“Additional permissions” are terms that supplement the terms of
this License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions.
Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall be
treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent that
they are valid under applicable law. If additional permissions apply only
to part of the Program, that part may be used separately under those
permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by this License
without regard to the additional permissions.
</p><p>
When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option remove any
additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of it. (Additional
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when you modify the work.) You may place additional permissions on
material, added by you to a covered work, for which you have or can give
appropriate copyright permission.
</p><p>
Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you add
to a covered work, you may (if authorized by the copyright holders of that
material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:
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Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the terms
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Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or author
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All other non-permissive additional terms are considered “further
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you received it, or any part of it, contains a notice stating that it is
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you may remove that term. If a license document contains a further
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Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the form
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8. Termination.
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You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly provided
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However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license from
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violation by some reasonable means prior to 60 days after the cessation.
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Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated
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Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under this
License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
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material under section 10.
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9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
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You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or run a
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10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
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11. Patents.
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A “contributor” is a copyright holder who authorizes use under
this License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The
work thus licensed is called the contributors “contributor
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of charge and under the terms of this License, through a publicly available
network server or other readily accessible means, then you must either (1)
cause the Corresponding Source to be so available, or (2) arrange to deprive
yourself of the benefit of the patent license for this particular work, or
(3) arrange, in a manner consistent with the requirements of this License,
to extend the patent license to downstream recipients. “Knowingly
relying” means you have actual knowledge that, but for the patent
license, your conveying the covered work in a country, or your
recipients use of the covered work in a country, would infringe one
or more identifiable patents in that country that you have reason to believe
are valid.
</p><p>
If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or arrangement,
you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a covered work, and
grant a patent license to some of the parties receiving the covered work
authorizing them to use, propagate, modify or convey a specific copy of the
covered work, then the patent license you grant is automatically extended to
all recipients of the covered work and works based on it.
</p><p>
A patent license is “discriminatory” if it does not include
within the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a covered work
if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is in the
business of distributing software, under which you make payment to the third
party based on the extent of your activity of conveying the work, and under
which the third party grants, to any of the parties who would receive the
covered work from you, a discriminatory patent license (a) in connection
with copies of the covered work conveyed by you (or copies made from those
copies), or (b) primarily for and in connection with specific products or
compilations that contain the covered work, unless you entered into that
arrangement, or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
</p><p>
Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting any
implied license or other defenses to infringement that may otherwise be
available to you under applicable patent law.
</p><h2><a id="NoSurrender"></a>
12. No Surrender of Others Freedom.
</h2><p>
If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a
covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey the
Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this License
would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
</p><h2><a id="UsedWithAGPL"></a>
13. Use with the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Affero General Public License.
</h2><p>
Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have permission to
link or combine any covered work with a work licensed under version 3 of the
<acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Affero General Public License into a single combined
work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this License will
continue to apply to the part which is the covered work, but the special
requirements of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Affero General Public License,
section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
combination as such.
</p><h2><a id="RevisedVersions"></a>
14. Revised Versions of this License.
</h2><p>
The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the
<acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License from time to time. Such new
versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in
detail to address new problems or concerns.
</p><p>
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
specifies that a certain numbered version of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym>
General Public License “or any later version” applies to it, you
have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that
numbered version or of any later version published by the Free Software
Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the
<acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License, you may choose any version
ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
</p><p>
If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of
the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License can be used, that
proxys public statement of acceptance of a version permanently
authorizes you to choose that version for the Program.
</p><p>
Later license versions may give you additional or different permissions.
However, no additional obligations are imposed on any author or copyright
holder as a result of your choosing to follow a later version.
</p><h2><a id="WarrantyDisclaimer"></a>
15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
</h2><p>
THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE
LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR
OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH
YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL
NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
</p><h2><a id="LiabilityLimitation"></a>
16. Limitation of Liability.
</h2><p>
IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL
ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS THE
PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE
OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA
OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
SUCH DAMAGES.
</p><h2><a id="InterpretationSecs1516"></a>
17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
</h2><p>
If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided above
cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, reviewing
courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates an absolute
waiver of all civil liability in connection with the Program, unless a
warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a copy of the Program in
return for a fee.
</p><h2><a id="id-1.3.6.5.99"></a>
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
</h2><h2><a id="HowToApply"></a>
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
</h2><p>
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible
use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software
which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
</p><p>
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to
attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively state the
exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the
“copyright” line and a pointer to where the full notice is
found.
</p><pre class="screen">
<em class="replaceable"><code>one line to give the programs name and a brief idea of what it does.</code></em>
Copyright (C) <em class="replaceable"><code>year</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>name of author</code></em>
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
<acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <a class="link" href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/" target="_top">http://www.gnu.org/licenses/</a>.
</pre><p>
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
</p><p>
If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short notice like
this when it starts in an interactive mode:
</p><pre class="screen">
<em class="replaceable"><code>program</code></em> Copyright (C) <em class="replaceable"><code>year</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>name of author</code></em>
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type <code class="literal">show w</code>.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type <code class="literal">show c</code> for details.
</pre><p>
The hypothetical commands <code class="literal">show w</code> and
<code class="literal">show c</code> should show the appropriate parts of
the General Public License. Of course, your programs commands might be
different; for a GUI interface, you would use an “about box”.
</p><p>
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” for the program, if
necessary. For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the
<acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym>, see
<a class="link" href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/" target="_top">http://www.gnu.org/licenses/</a>.
</p><p>
The <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License does not permit
incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is a
subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking
proprietary applications with the library. If this is what you want to do,
use the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Lesser General Public License instead of this
License. But first, please read <a class="link" href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html" target="_top">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html</a>.
</p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="appendix_free.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="appendix.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="appendix_gfdl.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Appendix C. 
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