d8f412571f
From-SVN: r180552
631 lines
19 KiB
Go
631 lines
19 KiB
Go
// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
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// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
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// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
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// Package x11 implements an X11 backend for the exp/gui package.
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//
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// The X protocol specification is at ftp://ftp.x.org/pub/X11R7.0/doc/PDF/proto.pdf.
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// A summary of the wire format can be found in XCB's xproto.xml.
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package x11
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import (
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"bufio"
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"exp/gui"
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"image"
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"image/draw"
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"io"
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"log"
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"net"
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"os"
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"strconv"
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"strings"
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"time"
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)
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type resID uint32 // X resource IDs.
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// TODO(nigeltao): Handle window resizes.
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const (
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windowHeight = 600
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windowWidth = 800
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)
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const (
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keymapLo = 8
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keymapHi = 255
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)
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type conn struct {
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c io.Closer
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r *bufio.Reader
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w *bufio.Writer
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gc, window, root, visual resID
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img *image.RGBA
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eventc chan interface{}
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mouseState gui.MouseEvent
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buf [256]byte // General purpose scratch buffer.
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flush chan bool
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flushBuf0 [24]byte
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flushBuf1 [4 * 1024]byte
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}
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// writeSocket runs in its own goroutine, serving both FlushImage calls
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// directly from the exp/gui client and indirectly from X expose events.
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// It paints c.img to the X server via PutImage requests.
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func (c *conn) writeSocket() {
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defer c.c.Close()
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for _ = range c.flush {
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b := c.img.Bounds()
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if b.Empty() {
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continue
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}
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// Each X request has a 16-bit length (in terms of 4-byte units). To avoid going over
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// this limit, we send PutImage for each row of the image, rather than trying to paint
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// the entire image in one X request. This approach could easily be optimized (or the
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// X protocol may have an escape sequence to delimit very large requests).
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// TODO(nigeltao): See what XCB's xcb_put_image does in this situation.
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units := 6 + b.Dx()
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if units > 0xffff || b.Dy() > 0xffff {
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log.Print("x11: window is too large for PutImage")
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return
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}
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c.flushBuf0[0] = 0x48 // PutImage opcode.
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c.flushBuf0[1] = 0x02 // XCB_IMAGE_FORMAT_Z_PIXMAP.
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c.flushBuf0[2] = uint8(units)
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c.flushBuf0[3] = uint8(units >> 8)
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setU32LE(c.flushBuf0[4:8], uint32(c.window))
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setU32LE(c.flushBuf0[8:12], uint32(c.gc))
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setU32LE(c.flushBuf0[12:16], 1<<16|uint32(b.Dx()))
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c.flushBuf0[21] = 0x18 // depth = 24 bits.
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for y := b.Min.Y; y < b.Max.Y; y++ {
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setU32LE(c.flushBuf0[16:20], uint32(y<<16))
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if _, err := c.w.Write(c.flushBuf0[:24]); err != nil {
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if err != os.EOF {
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log.Println("x11:", err.String())
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}
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return
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}
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p := c.img.Pix[(y-b.Min.Y)*c.img.Stride:]
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for x, dx := 0, 4*b.Dx(); x < dx; {
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nx := dx - x
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if nx > len(c.flushBuf1) {
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nx = len(c.flushBuf1) &^ 3
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}
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for i := 0; i < nx; i += 4 {
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// X11's order is BGRX, not RGBA.
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c.flushBuf1[i+0] = p[x+i+2]
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c.flushBuf1[i+1] = p[x+i+1]
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c.flushBuf1[i+2] = p[x+i+0]
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}
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x += nx
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if _, err := c.w.Write(c.flushBuf1[:nx]); err != nil {
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if err != os.EOF {
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log.Println("x11:", err.String())
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}
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return
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}
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}
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}
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if err := c.w.Flush(); err != nil {
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if err != os.EOF {
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log.Println("x11:", err.String())
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}
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return
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}
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}
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}
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func (c *conn) Screen() draw.Image { return c.img }
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func (c *conn) FlushImage() {
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select {
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case c.flush <- false:
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// Flush notification sent.
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default:
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// Could not send.
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// Flush notification must be pending already.
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}
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}
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func (c *conn) Close() os.Error {
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// Shut down the writeSocket goroutine. This will close the socket to the
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// X11 server, which will cause c.eventc to close.
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close(c.flush)
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for _ = range c.eventc {
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// Drain the channel to allow the readSocket goroutine to shut down.
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}
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return nil
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}
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func (c *conn) EventChan() <-chan interface{} { return c.eventc }
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// readSocket runs in its own goroutine, reading X events and sending gui
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// events on c's EventChan.
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func (c *conn) readSocket() {
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var (
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keymap [256][]int
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keysymsPerKeycode int
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)
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defer close(c.eventc)
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for {
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// X events are always 32 bytes long.
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if _, err := io.ReadFull(c.r, c.buf[:32]); err != nil {
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if err != os.EOF {
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c.eventc <- gui.ErrEvent{err}
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}
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return
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}
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switch c.buf[0] {
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case 0x01: // Reply from a request (e.g. GetKeyboardMapping).
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cookie := int(c.buf[3])<<8 | int(c.buf[2])
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if cookie != 1 {
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// We issued only one request (GetKeyboardMapping) with a cookie of 1,
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// so we shouldn't get any other reply from the X server.
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c.eventc <- gui.ErrEvent{os.NewError("x11: unexpected cookie")}
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return
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}
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keysymsPerKeycode = int(c.buf[1])
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b := make([]int, 256*keysymsPerKeycode)
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for i := range keymap {
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keymap[i] = b[i*keysymsPerKeycode : (i+1)*keysymsPerKeycode]
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}
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for i := keymapLo; i <= keymapHi; i++ {
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m := keymap[i]
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for j := range m {
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u, err := readU32LE(c.r, c.buf[:4])
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if err != nil {
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if err != os.EOF {
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c.eventc <- gui.ErrEvent{err}
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}
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return
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}
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m[j] = int(u)
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}
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}
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case 0x02, 0x03: // Key press, key release.
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// X Keyboard Encoding is documented at http://tronche.com/gui/x/xlib/input/keyboard-encoding.html
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// TODO(nigeltao): Do we need to implement the "MODE SWITCH / group modifier" feature
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// or is that some no-longer-used X construct?
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if keysymsPerKeycode < 2 {
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// Either we haven't yet received the GetKeyboardMapping reply or
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// the X server has sent one that's too short.
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continue
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}
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keycode := int(c.buf[1])
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shift := int(c.buf[28]) & 0x01
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keysym := keymap[keycode][shift]
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if keysym == 0 {
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keysym = keymap[keycode][0]
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}
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// TODO(nigeltao): Should we send KeyEvents for Shift/Ctrl/Alt? Should Shift-A send
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// the same int down the channel as the sent on just the A key?
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// TODO(nigeltao): How should IME events (e.g. key presses that should generate CJK text) work? Or
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// is that outside the scope of the gui.Window interface?
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if c.buf[0] == 0x03 {
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keysym = -keysym
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}
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c.eventc <- gui.KeyEvent{keysym}
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case 0x04, 0x05: // Button press, button release.
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mask := 1 << (c.buf[1] - 1)
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if c.buf[0] == 0x04 {
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c.mouseState.Buttons |= mask
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} else {
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c.mouseState.Buttons &^= mask
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}
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c.mouseState.Nsec = time.Nanoseconds()
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c.eventc <- c.mouseState
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case 0x06: // Motion notify.
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c.mouseState.Loc.X = int(int16(c.buf[25])<<8 | int16(c.buf[24]))
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c.mouseState.Loc.Y = int(int16(c.buf[27])<<8 | int16(c.buf[26]))
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c.mouseState.Nsec = time.Nanoseconds()
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c.eventc <- c.mouseState
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case 0x0c: // Expose.
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// A single user action could trigger multiple expose events (e.g. if moving another
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// window with XShape'd rounded corners over our window). In that case, the X server will
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// send a uint16 count (in bytes 16-17) of the number of additional expose events coming.
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// We could parse each event for the (x, y, width, height) and maintain a minimal dirty
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// rectangle, but for now, the simplest approach is to paint the entire window, when
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// receiving the final event in the series.
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if c.buf[17] == 0 && c.buf[16] == 0 {
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// TODO(nigeltao): Should we ignore the very first expose event? A freshly mapped window
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// will trigger expose, but until the first c.FlushImage call, there's probably nothing to
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// paint but black. For an 800x600 window, at 4 bytes per pixel, each repaint writes about
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// 2MB over the socket.
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c.FlushImage()
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}
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// TODO(nigeltao): Should we listen to DestroyNotify (0x11) and ResizeRequest (0x19) events?
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// What about EnterNotify (0x07) and LeaveNotify (0x08)?
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}
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}
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}
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// connect connects to the X server given by the full X11 display name (e.g.
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// ":12.0") and returns the connection as well as the portion of the full name
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// that is the display number (e.g. "12").
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// Examples:
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// connect(":1") // calls net.Dial("unix", "", "/tmp/.X11-unix/X1"), displayStr="1"
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// connect("/tmp/launch-123/:0") // calls net.Dial("unix", "", "/tmp/launch-123/:0"), displayStr="0"
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// connect("hostname:2.1") // calls net.Dial("tcp", "", "hostname:6002"), displayStr="2"
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// connect("tcp/hostname:1.0") // calls net.Dial("tcp", "", "hostname:6001"), displayStr="1"
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func connect(display string) (conn net.Conn, displayStr string, err os.Error) {
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colonIdx := strings.LastIndex(display, ":")
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if colonIdx < 0 {
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return nil, "", os.NewError("bad display: " + display)
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}
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// Parse the section before the colon.
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var protocol, host, socket string
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if display[0] == '/' {
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socket = display[:colonIdx]
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} else {
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if i := strings.LastIndex(display, "/"); i < 0 {
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// The default protocol is TCP.
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protocol = "tcp"
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host = display[:colonIdx]
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} else {
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protocol = display[:i]
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host = display[i+1 : colonIdx]
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}
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}
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// Parse the section after the colon.
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after := display[colonIdx+1:]
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if after == "" {
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return nil, "", os.NewError("bad display: " + display)
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}
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if i := strings.LastIndex(after, "."); i < 0 {
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displayStr = after
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} else {
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displayStr = after[:i]
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}
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displayInt, err := strconv.Atoi(displayStr)
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if err != nil || displayInt < 0 {
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return nil, "", os.NewError("bad display: " + display)
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}
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// Make the connection.
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if socket != "" {
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conn, err = net.Dial("unix", socket+":"+displayStr)
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} else if host != "" {
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conn, err = net.Dial(protocol, host+":"+strconv.Itoa(6000+displayInt))
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} else {
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conn, err = net.Dial("unix", "/tmp/.X11-unix/X"+displayStr)
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}
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if err != nil {
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return nil, "", os.NewError("cannot connect to " + display + ": " + err.String())
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}
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return
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}
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// authenticate authenticates ourselves with the X server.
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// displayStr is the "12" out of ":12.0".
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func authenticate(w *bufio.Writer, displayStr string) os.Error {
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key, value, err := readAuth(displayStr)
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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// Assume that the authentication protocol is "MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1".
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if len(key) != 18 || len(value) != 16 {
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return os.NewError("unsupported Xauth")
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}
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// 0x006c means little-endian. 0x000b, 0x0000 means X major version 11, minor version 0.
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// 0x0012 and 0x0010 means the auth key and value have lengths 18 and 16.
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// The final 0x0000 is padding, so that the string length is a multiple of 4.
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_, err = io.WriteString(w, "\x6c\x00\x0b\x00\x00\x00\x12\x00\x10\x00\x00\x00")
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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_, err = io.WriteString(w, key)
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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// Again, the 0x0000 is padding.
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_, err = io.WriteString(w, "\x00\x00")
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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_, err = io.WriteString(w, value)
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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err = w.Flush()
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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return nil
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}
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// readU8 reads a uint8 from r, using b as a scratch buffer.
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func readU8(r io.Reader, b []byte) (uint8, os.Error) {
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_, err := io.ReadFull(r, b[:1])
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if err != nil {
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return 0, err
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}
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return uint8(b[0]), nil
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}
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// readU16LE reads a little-endian uint16 from r, using b as a scratch buffer.
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func readU16LE(r io.Reader, b []byte) (uint16, os.Error) {
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_, err := io.ReadFull(r, b[:2])
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if err != nil {
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return 0, err
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}
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return uint16(b[0]) | uint16(b[1])<<8, nil
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}
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// readU32LE reads a little-endian uint32 from r, using b as a scratch buffer.
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func readU32LE(r io.Reader, b []byte) (uint32, os.Error) {
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_, err := io.ReadFull(r, b[:4])
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if err != nil {
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return 0, err
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}
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return uint32(b[0]) | uint32(b[1])<<8 | uint32(b[2])<<16 | uint32(b[3])<<24, nil
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}
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// setU32LE sets b[:4] to be the little-endian representation of u.
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func setU32LE(b []byte, u uint32) {
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b[0] = byte((u >> 0) & 0xff)
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b[1] = byte((u >> 8) & 0xff)
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b[2] = byte((u >> 16) & 0xff)
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b[3] = byte((u >> 24) & 0xff)
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}
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// checkPixmapFormats checks that we have an agreeable X pixmap Format.
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func checkPixmapFormats(r io.Reader, b []byte, n int) (agree bool, err os.Error) {
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for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
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_, err = io.ReadFull(r, b[:8])
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if err != nil {
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return
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}
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// Byte 0 is depth, byte 1 is bits-per-pixel, byte 2 is scanline-pad, the rest (5) is padding.
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if b[0] == 24 && b[1] == 32 {
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agree = true
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}
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}
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return
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}
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// checkDepths checks that we have an agreeable X Depth (i.e. one that has an agreeable X VisualType).
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func checkDepths(r io.Reader, b []byte, n int, visual uint32) (agree bool, err os.Error) {
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for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
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var depth, visualsLen uint16
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depth, err = readU16LE(r, b)
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if err != nil {
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return
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}
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depth &= 0xff
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visualsLen, err = readU16LE(r, b)
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if err != nil {
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return
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}
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// Ignore 4 bytes of padding.
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_, err = io.ReadFull(r, b[:4])
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if err != nil {
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return
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}
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for j := 0; j < int(visualsLen); j++ {
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// Read 24 bytes: visual(4), class(1), bits per rgb value(1), colormap entries(2),
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// red mask(4), green mask(4), blue mask(4), padding(4).
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v, _ := readU32LE(r, b)
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_, _ = readU32LE(r, b)
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rm, _ := readU32LE(r, b)
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gm, _ := readU32LE(r, b)
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bm, _ := readU32LE(r, b)
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_, err = readU32LE(r, b)
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if err != nil {
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return
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}
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if v == visual && rm == 0xff0000 && gm == 0xff00 && bm == 0xff && depth == 24 {
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agree = true
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}
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}
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}
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return
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}
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// checkScreens checks that we have an agreeable X Screen.
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func checkScreens(r io.Reader, b []byte, n int) (root, visual uint32, err os.Error) {
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for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
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var root0, visual0, x uint32
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root0, err = readU32LE(r, b)
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if err != nil {
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return
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}
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// Ignore the next 7x4 bytes, which is: colormap, whitepixel, blackpixel, current input masks,
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// width and height (pixels), width and height (mm), min and max installed maps.
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_, err = io.ReadFull(r, b[:28])
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if err != nil {
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return
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}
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visual0, err = readU32LE(r, b)
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if err != nil {
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return
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}
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// Next 4 bytes: backing stores, save unders, root depth, allowed depths length.
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x, err = readU32LE(r, b)
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if err != nil {
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return
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}
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nDepths := int(x >> 24)
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var agree bool
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agree, err = checkDepths(r, b, nDepths, visual0)
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if err != nil {
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return
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}
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if agree && root == 0 {
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root = root0
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visual = visual0
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}
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}
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return
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}
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// handshake performs the protocol handshake with the X server, and ensures
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// that the server provides a compatible Screen, Depth, etc.
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func (c *conn) handshake() os.Error {
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_, err := io.ReadFull(c.r, c.buf[:8])
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
|
|
// Byte 0 should be 1 (success), bytes 2:6 should be 0xb0000000 (major/minor version 11.0).
|
|
if c.buf[0] != 1 || c.buf[2] != 11 || c.buf[3] != 0 || c.buf[4] != 0 || c.buf[5] != 0 {
|
|
return os.NewError("unsupported X version")
|
|
}
|
|
// Ignore the release number.
|
|
_, err = io.ReadFull(c.r, c.buf[:4])
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return err
|
|
}
|
|
// Read the resource ID base.
|
|
resourceIdBase, err := readU32LE(c.r, c.buf[:4])
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return err
|
|
}
|
|
// Read the resource ID mask.
|
|
resourceIdMask, err := readU32LE(c.r, c.buf[:4])
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return err
|
|
}
|
|
if resourceIdMask < 256 {
|
|
return os.NewError("X resource ID mask is too small")
|
|
}
|
|
// Ignore the motion buffer size.
|
|
_, err = io.ReadFull(c.r, c.buf[:4])
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return err
|
|
}
|
|
// Read the vendor length and round it up to a multiple of 4,
|
|
// for X11 protocol alignment reasons.
|
|
vendorLen, err := readU16LE(c.r, c.buf[:2])
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return err
|
|
}
|
|
vendorLen = (vendorLen + 3) &^ 3
|
|
// Read the maximum request length.
|
|
maxReqLen, err := readU16LE(c.r, c.buf[:2])
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return err
|
|
}
|
|
if maxReqLen != 0xffff {
|
|
return os.NewError("unsupported X maximum request length")
|
|
}
|
|
// Read the roots length.
|
|
rootsLen, err := readU8(c.r, c.buf[:1])
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return err
|
|
}
|
|
// Read the pixmap formats length.
|
|
pixmapFormatsLen, err := readU8(c.r, c.buf[:1])
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return err
|
|
}
|
|
// Ignore some things that we don't care about (totaling 10 + vendorLen bytes):
|
|
// imageByteOrder(1), bitmapFormatBitOrder(1), bitmapFormatScanlineUnit(1) bitmapFormatScanlinePad(1),
|
|
// minKeycode(1), maxKeycode(1), padding(4), vendor (vendorLen).
|
|
if 10+int(vendorLen) > cap(c.buf) {
|
|
return os.NewError("unsupported X vendor")
|
|
}
|
|
_, err = io.ReadFull(c.r, c.buf[:10+int(vendorLen)])
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return err
|
|
}
|
|
// Check that we have an agreeable pixmap format.
|
|
agree, err := checkPixmapFormats(c.r, c.buf[:8], int(pixmapFormatsLen))
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return err
|
|
}
|
|
if !agree {
|
|
return os.NewError("unsupported X pixmap formats")
|
|
}
|
|
// Check that we have an agreeable screen.
|
|
root, visual, err := checkScreens(c.r, c.buf[:24], int(rootsLen))
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return err
|
|
}
|
|
if root == 0 || visual == 0 {
|
|
return os.NewError("unsupported X screen")
|
|
}
|
|
c.gc = resID(resourceIdBase)
|
|
c.window = resID(resourceIdBase + 1)
|
|
c.root = resID(root)
|
|
c.visual = resID(visual)
|
|
return nil
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// NewWindow calls NewWindowDisplay with $DISPLAY.
|
|
func NewWindow() (gui.Window, os.Error) {
|
|
display := os.Getenv("DISPLAY")
|
|
if len(display) == 0 {
|
|
return nil, os.NewError("$DISPLAY not set")
|
|
}
|
|
return NewWindowDisplay(display)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// NewWindowDisplay returns a new gui.Window, backed by a newly created and
|
|
// mapped X11 window. The X server to connect to is specified by the display
|
|
// string, such as ":1".
|
|
func NewWindowDisplay(display string) (gui.Window, os.Error) {
|
|
socket, displayStr, err := connect(display)
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return nil, err
|
|
}
|
|
c := new(conn)
|
|
c.c = socket
|
|
c.r = bufio.NewReader(socket)
|
|
c.w = bufio.NewWriter(socket)
|
|
err = authenticate(c.w, displayStr)
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return nil, err
|
|
}
|
|
err = c.handshake()
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return nil, err
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Now that we're connected, show a window, via three X protocol messages.
|
|
// First, issue a GetKeyboardMapping request. This is the first request, and
|
|
// will be associated with a cookie of 1.
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[0:4], 0x00020065) // 0x65 is the GetKeyboardMapping opcode, and the message is 2 x 4 bytes long.
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[4:8], uint32((keymapHi-keymapLo+1)<<8|keymapLo))
|
|
// Second, create a graphics context (GC).
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[8:12], 0x00060037) // 0x37 is the CreateGC opcode, and the message is 6 x 4 bytes long.
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[12:16], uint32(c.gc))
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[16:20], uint32(c.root))
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[20:24], 0x00010004) // Bit 2 is XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, bit 16 is XCB_GC_GRAPHICS_EXPOSURES.
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[24:28], 0x00000000) // The Foreground is black.
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[28:32], 0x00000000) // GraphicsExposures' value is unused.
|
|
// Third, create the window.
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[32:36], 0x000a0001) // 0x01 is the CreateWindow opcode, and the message is 10 x 4 bytes long.
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[36:40], uint32(c.window))
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[40:44], uint32(c.root))
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[44:48], 0x00000000) // Initial (x, y) is (0, 0).
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[48:52], windowHeight<<16|windowWidth)
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[52:56], 0x00010000) // Border width is 0, XCB_WINDOW_CLASS_INPUT_OUTPUT is 1.
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[56:60], uint32(c.visual))
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[60:64], 0x00000802) // Bit 1 is XCB_CW_BACK_PIXEL, bit 11 is XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK.
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[64:68], 0x00000000) // The Back-Pixel is black.
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[68:72], 0x0000804f) // Key/button press and release, pointer motion, and expose event masks.
|
|
// Fourth, map the window.
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[72:76], 0x00020008) // 0x08 is the MapWindow opcode, and the message is 2 x 4 bytes long.
|
|
setU32LE(c.buf[76:80], uint32(c.window))
|
|
// Write the bytes.
|
|
_, err = c.w.Write(c.buf[:80])
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return nil, err
|
|
}
|
|
err = c.w.Flush()
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return nil, err
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
c.img = image.NewRGBA(image.Rect(0, 0, windowWidth, windowHeight))
|
|
c.eventc = make(chan interface{}, 16)
|
|
c.flush = make(chan bool, 1)
|
|
go c.readSocket()
|
|
go c.writeSocket()
|
|
return c, nil
|
|
}
|