gcc/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/stl_heap.h

// Heap implementation -*- C++ -*-

// Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009
// Free Software Foundation, Inc.
//
// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
// Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
// any later version.

// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.

// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
// with this library; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
// Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301,
// USA.

// As a special exception, you may use this file as part of a free software
// library without restriction.  Specifically, if other files instantiate
// templates or use macros or inline functions from this file, or you compile
// this file and link it with other files to produce an executable, this
// file does not by itself cause the resulting executable to be covered by
// the GNU General Public License.  This exception does not however
// invalidate any other reasons why the executable file might be covered by
// the GNU General Public License.

/*
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1994
 * Hewlett-Packard Company
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software
 * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
 * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
 * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
 * in supporting documentation.  Hewlett-Packard Company makes no
 * representations about the suitability of this software for any
 * purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1997
 * Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc.
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software
 * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
 * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
 * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
 * in supporting documentation.  Silicon Graphics makes no
 * representations about the suitability of this software for any
 * purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
 */

/** @file stl_heap.h
 *  This is an internal header file, included by other library headers.
 *  You should not attempt to use it directly.
 */

#ifndef _STL_HEAP_H
#define _STL_HEAP_H 1

#include <debug/debug.h>
#include <bits/move.h>

_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE(std)

  /**
   * @defgroup heap_algorithms Heap Algorithms
   * @ingroup sorting_algorithms
   */

  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator, typename _Distance>
    _Distance
    __is_heap_until(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _Distance __n)
    {
      _Distance __parent = 0;
      for (_Distance __child = 1; __child < __n; ++__child)
	{
	  if (__first[__parent] < __first[__child])
	    return __child;
	  if ((__child & 1) == 0)
	    ++__parent;
	}
      return __n;
    }

  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator, typename _Distance,
	   typename _Compare>
    _Distance
    __is_heap_until(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _Distance __n,
		    _Compare __comp)
    {
      _Distance __parent = 0;
      for (_Distance __child = 1; __child < __n; ++__child)
	{
	  if (__comp(__first[__parent], __first[__child]))
	    return __child;
	  if ((__child & 1) == 0)
	    ++__parent;
	}
      return __n;
    }

  // __is_heap, a predicate testing whether or not a range is a heap.
  // This function is an extension, not part of the C++ standard.
  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator, typename _Distance>
    inline bool
    __is_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _Distance __n)
    { return std::__is_heap_until(__first, __n) == __n; }

  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator, typename _Compare,
	   typename _Distance>
    inline bool
    __is_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _Compare __comp, _Distance __n)
    { return std::__is_heap_until(__first, __n, __comp) == __n; }

  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator>
    inline bool
    __is_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _RandomAccessIterator __last)
    { return std::__is_heap(__first, std::distance(__first, __last)); }

  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator, typename _Compare>
    inline bool
    __is_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _RandomAccessIterator __last,
	      _Compare __comp)
    { return std::__is_heap(__first, __comp, std::distance(__first, __last)); }

  // Heap-manipulation functions: push_heap, pop_heap, make_heap, sort_heap,
  // + is_heap and is_heap_until in C++0x.

  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator, typename _Distance, typename _Tp>
    void
    __push_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first,
		_Distance __holeIndex, _Distance __topIndex, _Tp __value)
    {
      _Distance __parent = (__holeIndex - 1) / 2;
      while (__holeIndex > __topIndex && *(__first + __parent) < __value)
	{
	  *(__first + __holeIndex) = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(*(__first + __parent));
	  __holeIndex = __parent;
	  __parent = (__holeIndex - 1) / 2;
	}
      *(__first + __holeIndex) = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(__value);
    }

  /**
   *  @brief  Push an element onto a heap.
   *  @param  first  Start of heap.
   *  @param  last   End of heap + element.
   *  @ingroup heap_algorithms
   *
   *  This operation pushes the element at last-1 onto the valid heap over the
   *  range [first,last-1).  After completion, [first,last) is a valid heap.
  */
  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator>
    inline void
    push_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _RandomAccessIterator __last)
    {
      typedef typename iterator_traits<_RandomAccessIterator>::value_type
	  _ValueType;
      typedef typename iterator_traits<_RandomAccessIterator>::difference_type
	  _DistanceType;

      // concept requirements
      __glibcxx_function_requires(_Mutable_RandomAccessIteratorConcept<
	    _RandomAccessIterator>)
      __glibcxx_function_requires(_LessThanComparableConcept<_ValueType>)
      __glibcxx_requires_valid_range(__first, __last);
      __glibcxx_requires_heap(__first, __last - 1);

      _ValueType __value = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(*(__last - 1));
      std::__push_heap(__first, _DistanceType((__last - __first) - 1),
		       _DistanceType(0), _GLIBCXX_MOVE(__value));
    }

  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator, typename _Distance, typename _Tp,
	   typename _Compare>
    void
    __push_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _Distance __holeIndex,
		_Distance __topIndex, _Tp __value, _Compare __comp)
    {
      _Distance __parent = (__holeIndex - 1) / 2;
      while (__holeIndex > __topIndex
	     && __comp(*(__first + __parent), __value))
	{
	  *(__first + __holeIndex) = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(*(__first + __parent));
	  __holeIndex = __parent;
	  __parent = (__holeIndex - 1) / 2;
	}
      *(__first + __holeIndex) = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(__value);
    }

  /**
   *  @brief  Push an element onto a heap using comparison functor.
   *  @param  first  Start of heap.
   *  @param  last   End of heap + element.
   *  @param  comp   Comparison functor.
   *  @ingroup heap_algorithms
   *
   *  This operation pushes the element at last-1 onto the valid heap over the
   *  range [first,last-1).  After completion, [first,last) is a valid heap.
   *  Compare operations are performed using comp.
  */
  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator, typename _Compare>
    inline void
    push_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _RandomAccessIterator __last,
	      _Compare __comp)
    {
      typedef typename iterator_traits<_RandomAccessIterator>::value_type
	  _ValueType;
      typedef typename iterator_traits<_RandomAccessIterator>::difference_type
	  _DistanceType;

      // concept requirements
      __glibcxx_function_requires(_Mutable_RandomAccessIteratorConcept<
	    _RandomAccessIterator>)
      __glibcxx_requires_valid_range(__first, __last);
      __glibcxx_requires_heap_pred(__first, __last - 1, __comp);

      _ValueType __value = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(*(__last - 1));
      std::__push_heap(__first, _DistanceType((__last - __first) - 1),
		       _DistanceType(0), _GLIBCXX_MOVE(__value), __comp);
    }

  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator, typename _Distance, typename _Tp>
    void
    __adjust_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _Distance __holeIndex,
		  _Distance __len, _Tp __value)
    {
      const _Distance __topIndex = __holeIndex;
      _Distance __secondChild = __holeIndex;
      while (__secondChild < (__len - 1) / 2)
	{
	  __secondChild = 2 * (__secondChild + 1);
	  if (*(__first + __secondChild) < *(__first + (__secondChild - 1)))
	    __secondChild--;
	  *(__first + __holeIndex) = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(*(__first + __secondChild));
	  __holeIndex = __secondChild;
	}
      if ((__len & 1) == 0 && __secondChild == (__len - 2) / 2)
	{
	  __secondChild = 2 * (__secondChild + 1);
	  *(__first + __holeIndex) = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(*(__first
						     + (__secondChild - 1)));
	  __holeIndex = __secondChild - 1;
	}
      std::__push_heap(__first, __holeIndex, __topIndex,
		       _GLIBCXX_MOVE(__value));
    }

  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator>
    inline void
    __pop_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _RandomAccessIterator __last,
	       _RandomAccessIterator __result)
    {
      typedef typename iterator_traits<_RandomAccessIterator>::value_type
	_ValueType;
      typedef typename iterator_traits<_RandomAccessIterator>::difference_type
	_DistanceType;

      _ValueType __value = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(*__result);
      *__result = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(*__first);
      std::__adjust_heap(__first, _DistanceType(0),
			 _DistanceType(__last - __first),
			 _GLIBCXX_MOVE(__value));
    }

  /**
   *  @brief  Pop an element off a heap.
   *  @param  first  Start of heap.
   *  @param  last   End of heap.
   *  @ingroup heap_algorithms
   *
   *  This operation pops the top of the heap.  The elements first and last-1
   *  are swapped and [first,last-1) is made into a heap.
  */
  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator>
    inline void
    pop_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _RandomAccessIterator __last)
    {
      typedef typename iterator_traits<_RandomAccessIterator>::value_type
	_ValueType;

      // concept requirements
      __glibcxx_function_requires(_Mutable_RandomAccessIteratorConcept<
	    _RandomAccessIterator>)
      __glibcxx_function_requires(_LessThanComparableConcept<_ValueType>)
      __glibcxx_requires_valid_range(__first, __last);
      __glibcxx_requires_heap(__first, __last);

      --__last;
      std::__pop_heap(__first, __last, __last);
    }

  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator, typename _Distance,
	   typename _Tp, typename _Compare>
    void
    __adjust_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _Distance __holeIndex,
		  _Distance __len, _Tp __value, _Compare __comp)
    {
      const _Distance __topIndex = __holeIndex;
      _Distance __secondChild = __holeIndex;
      while (__secondChild < (__len - 1) / 2)
	{
	  __secondChild = 2 * (__secondChild + 1);
	  if (__comp(*(__first + __secondChild),
		     *(__first + (__secondChild - 1))))
	    __secondChild--;
	  *(__first + __holeIndex) = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(*(__first + __secondChild));
	  __holeIndex = __secondChild;
	}
      if ((__len & 1) == 0 && __secondChild == (__len - 2) / 2)
	{
	  __secondChild = 2 * (__secondChild + 1);
	  *(__first + __holeIndex) = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(*(__first
						     + (__secondChild - 1)));
	  __holeIndex = __secondChild - 1;
	}
      std::__push_heap(__first, __holeIndex, __topIndex, 
		       _GLIBCXX_MOVE(__value), __comp);      
    }

  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator, typename _Compare>
    inline void
    __pop_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _RandomAccessIterator __last,
	       _RandomAccessIterator __result, _Compare __comp)
    {
      typedef typename iterator_traits<_RandomAccessIterator>::value_type
	_ValueType;
      typedef typename iterator_traits<_RandomAccessIterator>::difference_type
	_DistanceType;

      _ValueType __value = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(*__result);
      *__result = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(*__first);
      std::__adjust_heap(__first, _DistanceType(0),
			 _DistanceType(__last - __first),
			 _GLIBCXX_MOVE(__value), __comp);
    }

  /**
   *  @brief  Pop an element off a heap using comparison functor.
   *  @param  first  Start of heap.
   *  @param  last   End of heap.
   *  @param  comp   Comparison functor to use.
   *  @ingroup heap_algorithms
   *
   *  This operation pops the top of the heap.  The elements first and last-1
   *  are swapped and [first,last-1) is made into a heap.  Comparisons are
   *  made using comp.
  */
  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator, typename _Compare>
    inline void
    pop_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first,
	     _RandomAccessIterator __last, _Compare __comp)
    {
      // concept requirements
      __glibcxx_function_requires(_Mutable_RandomAccessIteratorConcept<
	    _RandomAccessIterator>)
      __glibcxx_requires_valid_range(__first, __last);
      __glibcxx_requires_heap_pred(__first, __last, __comp);

      --__last;
      std::__pop_heap(__first, __last, __last, __comp);
    }

  /**
   *  @brief  Construct a heap over a range.
   *  @param  first  Start of heap.
   *  @param  last   End of heap.
   *  @ingroup heap_algorithms
   *
   *  This operation makes the elements in [first,last) into a heap.
  */
  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator>
    void
    make_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _RandomAccessIterator __last)
    {
      typedef typename iterator_traits<_RandomAccessIterator>::value_type
	  _ValueType;
      typedef typename iterator_traits<_RandomAccessIterator>::difference_type
	  _DistanceType;

      // concept requirements
      __glibcxx_function_requires(_Mutable_RandomAccessIteratorConcept<
	    _RandomAccessIterator>)
      __glibcxx_function_requires(_LessThanComparableConcept<_ValueType>)
      __glibcxx_requires_valid_range(__first, __last);

      if (__last - __first < 2)
	return;

      const _DistanceType __len = __last - __first;
      _DistanceType __parent = (__len - 2) / 2;
      while (true)
	{
	  _ValueType __value = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(*(__first + __parent));
	  std::__adjust_heap(__first, __parent, __len, _GLIBCXX_MOVE(__value));
	  if (__parent == 0)
	    return;
	  __parent--;
	}
    }

  /**
   *  @brief  Construct a heap over a range using comparison functor.
   *  @param  first  Start of heap.
   *  @param  last   End of heap.
   *  @param  comp   Comparison functor to use.
   *  @ingroup heap_algorithms
   *
   *  This operation makes the elements in [first,last) into a heap.
   *  Comparisons are made using comp.
  */
  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator, typename _Compare>
    void
    make_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _RandomAccessIterator __last,
	      _Compare __comp)
    {
      typedef typename iterator_traits<_RandomAccessIterator>::value_type
	  _ValueType;
      typedef typename iterator_traits<_RandomAccessIterator>::difference_type
	  _DistanceType;

      // concept requirements
      __glibcxx_function_requires(_Mutable_RandomAccessIteratorConcept<
	    _RandomAccessIterator>)
      __glibcxx_requires_valid_range(__first, __last);

      if (__last - __first < 2)
	return;

      const _DistanceType __len = __last - __first;
      _DistanceType __parent = (__len - 2) / 2;
      while (true)
	{
	  _ValueType __value = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(*(__first + __parent));
	  std::__adjust_heap(__first, __parent, __len, _GLIBCXX_MOVE(__value),
			     __comp);
	  if (__parent == 0)
	    return;
	  __parent--;
	}
    }

  /**
   *  @brief  Sort a heap.
   *  @param  first  Start of heap.
   *  @param  last   End of heap.
   *  @ingroup heap_algorithms
   *
   *  This operation sorts the valid heap in the range [first,last).
  */
  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator>
    void
    sort_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _RandomAccessIterator __last)
    {
      // concept requirements
      __glibcxx_function_requires(_Mutable_RandomAccessIteratorConcept<
	    _RandomAccessIterator>)
      __glibcxx_function_requires(_LessThanComparableConcept<
	    typename iterator_traits<_RandomAccessIterator>::value_type>)
      __glibcxx_requires_valid_range(__first, __last);
      __glibcxx_requires_heap(__first, __last);

      while (__last - __first > 1)
	{
	  --__last;
	  std::__pop_heap(__first, __last, __last);
	}
    }

  /**
   *  @brief  Sort a heap using comparison functor.
   *  @param  first  Start of heap.
   *  @param  last   End of heap.
   *  @param  comp   Comparison functor to use.
   *  @ingroup heap_algorithms
   *
   *  This operation sorts the valid heap in the range [first,last).
   *  Comparisons are made using comp.
  */
  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator, typename _Compare>
    void
    sort_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _RandomAccessIterator __last,
	      _Compare __comp)
    {
      // concept requirements
      __glibcxx_function_requires(_Mutable_RandomAccessIteratorConcept<
	    _RandomAccessIterator>)
      __glibcxx_requires_valid_range(__first, __last);
      __glibcxx_requires_heap_pred(__first, __last, __comp);

      while (__last - __first > 1)
	{
	  --__last;
	  std::__pop_heap(__first, __last, __last, __comp);
	}
    }

#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
  /**
   *  @brief  Search the end of a heap.
   *  @param  first  Start of range.
   *  @param  last   End of range.
   *  @return  An iterator pointing to the first element not in the heap.
   *  @ingroup heap_algorithms
   *
   *  This operation returns the last iterator i in [first, last) for which
   *  the range [first, i) is a heap.
  */
  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator>
    inline _RandomAccessIterator
    is_heap_until(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _RandomAccessIterator __last)
    {
      // concept requirements
      __glibcxx_function_requires(_RandomAccessIteratorConcept<
	    _RandomAccessIterator>)
      __glibcxx_function_requires(_LessThanComparableConcept<
	    typename iterator_traits<_RandomAccessIterator>::value_type>)
      __glibcxx_requires_valid_range(__first, __last);

      return __first + std::__is_heap_until(__first, std::distance(__first,
								   __last));
    }

  /**
   *  @brief  Search the end of a heap using comparison functor.
   *  @param  first  Start of range.
   *  @param  last   End of range.
   *  @param  comp   Comparison functor to use.
   *  @return  An iterator pointing to the first element not in the heap.
   *  @ingroup heap_algorithms
   *
   *  This operation returns the last iterator i in [first, last) for which
   *  the range [first, i) is a heap.  Comparisons are made using comp.
  */
  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator, typename _Compare>
    inline _RandomAccessIterator
    is_heap_until(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _RandomAccessIterator __last,
		  _Compare __comp)
    {
      // concept requirements
      __glibcxx_function_requires(_RandomAccessIteratorConcept<
	    _RandomAccessIterator>)
      __glibcxx_requires_valid_range(__first, __last);

      return __first + std::__is_heap_until(__first, std::distance(__first,
								   __last),
					    __comp);
    }

  /**
   *  @brief  Determines whether a range is a heap.
   *  @param  first  Start of range.
   *  @param  last   End of range.
   *  @return  True if range is a heap, false otherwise.
   *  @ingroup heap_algorithms
  */
  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator>
    inline bool
    is_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _RandomAccessIterator __last)
    { return std::is_heap_until(__first, __last) == __last; }

  /**
   *  @brief  Determines whether a range is a heap using comparison functor.
   *  @param  first  Start of range.
   *  @param  last   End of range.
   *  @param  comp   Comparison functor to use.
   *  @return  True if range is a heap, false otherwise.
   *  @ingroup heap_algorithms
  */
  template<typename _RandomAccessIterator, typename _Compare>
    inline bool
    is_heap(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _RandomAccessIterator __last,
	    _Compare __comp)
    { return std::is_heap_until(__first, __last, __comp) == __last; }
#endif

_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE

#endif /* _STL_HEAP_H */