linux/Documentation/gcc-plugins.txt

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GCC plugin infrastructure This patch allows to build the whole kernel with GCC plugins. It was ported from grsecurity/PaX. The infrastructure supports building out-of-tree modules and building in a separate directory. Cross-compilation is supported too. Currently the x86, arm, arm64 and uml architectures enable plugins. The directory of the gcc plugins is scripts/gcc-plugins. You can use a file or a directory there. The plugins compile with these options: * -fno-rtti: gcc is compiled with this option so the plugins must use it too * -fno-exceptions: this is inherited from gcc too * -fasynchronous-unwind-tables: this is inherited from gcc too * -ggdb: it is useful for debugging a plugin (better backtrace on internal errors) * -Wno-narrowing: to suppress warnings from gcc headers (ipa-utils.h) * -Wno-unused-variable: to suppress warnings from gcc headers (gcc_version variable, plugin-version.h) The infrastructure introduces a new Makefile target called gcc-plugins. It supports all gcc versions from 4.5 to 6.0. The scripts/gcc-plugin.sh script chooses the proper host compiler (gcc-4.7 can be built by either gcc or g++). This script also checks the availability of the included headers in scripts/gcc-plugins/gcc-common.h. The gcc-common.h header contains frequently included headers for GCC plugins and it has a compatibility layer for the supported gcc versions. The gcc-generate-*-pass.h headers automatically generate the registration structures for GIMPLE, SIMPLE_IPA, IPA and RTL passes. Note that 'make clean' keeps the *.so files (only the distclean or mrproper targets clean all) because they are needed for out-of-tree modules. Based on work created by the PaX Team. Signed-off-by: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com> Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.com>
2016-05-24 00:09:38 +02:00
GCC plugin infrastructure
=========================
1. Introduction
===============
GCC plugins are loadable modules that provide extra features to the
compiler [1]. They are useful for runtime instrumentation and static analysis.
We can analyse, change and add further code during compilation via
callbacks [2], GIMPLE [3], IPA [4] and RTL passes [5].
The GCC plugin infrastructure of the kernel supports all gcc versions from
4.5 to 6.0, building out-of-tree modules, cross-compilation and building in a
separate directory.
Plugin source files have to be compilable by both a C and a C++ compiler as well
because gcc versions 4.5 and 4.6 are compiled by a C compiler,
gcc-4.7 can be compiled by a C or a C++ compiler,
and versions 4.8+ can only be compiled by a C++ compiler.
Currently the GCC plugin infrastructure supports only the x86, arm and arm64
architectures.
This infrastructure was ported from grsecurity [6] and PaX [7].
--
[1] https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gccint/Plugins.html
[2] https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gccint/Plugin-API.html#Plugin-API
[3] https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gccint/GIMPLE.html
[4] https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gccint/IPA.html
[5] https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gccint/RTL.html
[6] https://grsecurity.net/
[7] https://pax.grsecurity.net/
2. Files
========
$(src)/scripts/gcc-plugins
This is the directory of the GCC plugins.
$(src)/scripts/gcc-plugins/gcc-common.h
This is a compatibility header for GCC plugins.
It should be always included instead of individual gcc headers.
$(src)/scripts/gcc-plugin.sh
This script checks the availability of the included headers in
gcc-common.h and chooses the proper host compiler to build the plugins
(gcc-4.7 can be built by either gcc or g++).
$(src)/scripts/gcc-plugins/gcc-generate-gimple-pass.h
$(src)/scripts/gcc-plugins/gcc-generate-ipa-pass.h
$(src)/scripts/gcc-plugins/gcc-generate-simple_ipa-pass.h
$(src)/scripts/gcc-plugins/gcc-generate-rtl-pass.h
These headers automatically generate the registration structures for
GIMPLE, SIMPLE_IPA, IPA and RTL passes. They support all gcc versions
from 4.5 to 6.0.
They should be preferred to creating the structures by hand.
3. Usage
========
You must install the gcc plugin headers for your gcc version,
e.g., on Ubuntu for gcc-4.9:
apt-get install gcc-4.9-plugin-dev
Enable a GCC plugin based feature in the kernel config:
CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_CYC_COMPLEXITY = y
To compile only the plugin(s):
make gcc-plugins
or just run the kernel make and compile the whole kernel with
the cyclomatic complexity GCC plugin.
4. How to add a new GCC plugin
==============================
The GCC plugins are in $(src)/scripts/gcc-plugins/. You can use a file or a directory
here. It must be added to $(src)/scripts/gcc-plugins/Makefile,
$(src)/scripts/Makefile.gcc-plugins and $(src)/arch/Kconfig.
See the cyc_complexity_plugin.c (CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_CYC_COMPLEXITY) GCC plugin.