ptrace: fix ptrace vs tasklist_lock race

As explained by Alexander Fyodorov <halcy@yandex.ru>:

|read_lock(&tasklist_lock) in ptrace_stop() is converted to mutex on RT kernel,
|and it can remove __TASK_TRACED from task->state (by moving  it to
|task->saved_state). If parent does wait() on child followed by a sys_ptrace
|call, the following race can happen:
|
|- child sets __TASK_TRACED in ptrace_stop()
|- parent does wait() which eventually calls wait_task_stopped() and returns
|  child's pid
|- child blocks on read_lock(&tasklist_lock) in ptrace_stop() and moves
|  __TASK_TRACED flag to saved_state
|- parent calls sys_ptrace, which calls ptrace_check_attach() and wait_task_inactive()

The patch is based on his initial patch where an additional check is
added in case the __TASK_TRACED moved to ->saved_state. The pi_lock is
taken in case the caller is interrupted between looking into ->state and
->saved_state.

Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>

include/linux/sched.h

@@ -107,12 +107,8 @@ struct task_group;
 					 __TASK_TRACED | EXIT_DEAD | EXIT_ZOMBIE | \
 					 TASK_PARKED)
 
-#define task_is_traced(task)		((task->state & __TASK_TRACED) != 0)
-
 #define task_is_stopped(task)		((task->state & __TASK_STOPPED) != 0)
 
-#define task_is_stopped_or_traced(task)	((task->state & (__TASK_STOPPED | __TASK_TRACED)) != 0)
-
 #define task_contributes_to_load(task)	((task->state & TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE) != 0 && \
 					 (task->flags & PF_FROZEN) == 0 && \
 					 (task->state & TASK_NOLOAD) == 0)
@@ -1772,6 +1768,51 @@ static inline int test_tsk_need_resched(struct task_struct *tsk)
 	return unlikely(test_tsk_thread_flag(tsk,TIF_NEED_RESCHED));
 }
 
+static inline bool __task_is_stopped_or_traced(struct task_struct *task)
+{
+	if (task->state & (__TASK_STOPPED | __TASK_TRACED))
+		return true;
+#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT
+	if (task->saved_state & (__TASK_STOPPED | __TASK_TRACED))
+		return true;
+#endif
+	return false;
+}
+
+static inline bool task_is_stopped_or_traced(struct task_struct *task)
+{
+	bool traced_stopped;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&task->pi_lock, flags);
+	traced_stopped = __task_is_stopped_or_traced(task);
+	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&task->pi_lock, flags);
+#else
+	traced_stopped = __task_is_stopped_or_traced(task);
+#endif
+	return traced_stopped;
+}
+
+static inline bool task_is_traced(struct task_struct *task)
+{
+	bool traced = false;
+
+	if (task->state & __TASK_TRACED)
+		return true;
+#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT
+	/* in case the task is sleeping on tasklist_lock */
+	raw_spin_lock_irq(&task->pi_lock);
+	if (task->state & __TASK_TRACED)
+		traced = true;
+	else if (task->saved_state & __TASK_TRACED)
+		traced = true;
+	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&task->pi_lock);
+#endif
+	return traced;
+}
+
 /*
  * cond_resched() and cond_resched_lock(): latency reduction via
  * explicit rescheduling in places that are safe. The return

kernel/ptrace.c

@@ -196,7 +196,14 @@ static bool ptrace_freeze_traced(struct task_struct *task)
 	spin_lock_irq(&task->sighand->siglock);
 	if (task_is_traced(task) && !looks_like_a_spurious_pid(task) &&
 	    !__fatal_signal_pending(task)) {
-		task->state = __TASK_TRACED;
+		unsigned long flags;
+
+		raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&task->pi_lock, flags);
+		if (task->state & __TASK_TRACED)
+			task->state = __TASK_TRACED;
+		else
+			task->saved_state = __TASK_TRACED;
+		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&task->pi_lock, flags);
 		ret = true;
 	}
 	spin_unlock_irq(&task->sighand->siglock);

kernel/sched/core.c

@@ -1994,6 +1994,18 @@ out:
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
 
+static bool check_task_state(struct task_struct *p, long match_state)
+{
+	bool match = false;
+
+	raw_spin_lock_irq(&p->pi_lock);
+	if (p->state == match_state || p->saved_state == match_state)
+		match = true;
+	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&p->pi_lock);
+
+	return match;
+}
+
 /*
  * wait_task_inactive - wait for a thread to unschedule.
  *
@@ -2038,7 +2050,7 @@ unsigned long wait_task_inactive(struct task_struct *p, long match_state)
 		 * is actually now running somewhere else!
 		 */
 		while (task_running(rq, p)) {
-			if (match_state && unlikely(p->state != match_state))
+			if (match_state && !check_task_state(p, match_state))
 				return 0;
 			cpu_relax();
 		}
@@ -2053,7 +2065,8 @@ unsigned long wait_task_inactive(struct task_struct *p, long match_state)
 		running = task_running(rq, p);
 		queued = task_on_rq_queued(p);
 		ncsw = 0;
-		if (!match_state || p->state == match_state)
+		if (!match_state || p->state == match_state ||
+		    p->saved_state == match_state)
 			ncsw = p->nvcsw | LONG_MIN; /* sets MSB */
 		task_rq_unlock(rq, p, &rf);