Remove unused variable in ohci-ep93xx.c.
This only shows up when CONFIG_PM is enabled.
Signed-off-by: H Hartley Sweeten <hsweeten@visionengravers.com>
Cc: Lennert Buytenhek <kernel@wantstofly.org>
Cc: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Correct priority problem in the use of ! and &.
The semantic patch that makes this change is as follows:
(http://www.emn.fr/x-info/coccinelle/)
// <smpl>
@@ expression E; constant C; @@
- !E & C
+ !(E & C)
// </smpl>
Signed-off-by: Julia Lawall <julia@diku.dk>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This patch was previously discussed in the following thread:
http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.usb.general/19472/focus=19484
On the OMAP3 device the usbhost controller is in a separate internal
power-domain. So when the usbhost is inactive or suspend is called,
we can disable clocks and power-down the usbhost to save power.
Recently we found that after calling ehci_bus_suspend() and disabling
the usbhost clocks we would see the ehci watchdog timer event fire. This
was causing a kernel panic because the usbhost controllers clocks were
disabled and inside the watchdog timer function the clocks were not
being re-enabled, so when the ehci registers were accessed this resulted
in a CPU data-abort.
To avoid this panic, per recommendation from Alan Stern (see above thread), we
make sure any pending timer events (that may have been scheduled by calling
ehci_work within the ehci_bus_suspend() function) are deleted before returning.
Signed-off-by: Fei Yang <fei.yang@motorola.com>
Signed-off-by: Jon Hunter <jon-hunter@ti.com>
Acked-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
We are seeing a number of crashes in SMM, when VT-d is enabled while
'Legacy USB support' is enabled in various BIOSes.
The BIOS is supposed to indicate which addresses it uses for DMA in a
special ACPI table ("RMRR"), so that we can punch a hole for it when we
set up the IOMMU.
The problem is, as usual, that BIOS engineers are totally incompetent.
They write code which will crash if the DMA goes AWOL, and then they
either neglect to provide an RMRR table at all, or they put the wrong
addresses in it. And of course they don't do _any_ QA, since that would
take too much time away from their crack-smoking habit.
The real fix, of course, is for consumers to refuse to buy motherboards
which only have closed-source firmware available. If we had _open_
firmware, bugs like this would be easy to fix.
Since that's something I can only dream about, this patch implements an
alternative -- ensuring that the USB controllers are handed off from the
BIOS and quiesced _before_ the IOMMU is initialised. That would have
been a much better design than this RMRR nonsense in the first place, of
course. The bootloader has no business doing DMA after the OS has booted
anyway.
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
HCHWCFG_PULLDOWN_DS2 and HCHWCFG_PULLDOWN_DS1 were swapped. Incorrect
operator precedence in isp1362_hc_start() hid part of the problem.
This fixes a problem where Port 1 in Host mode fails to see disconnects.
Signed-Off-By: Ken MacLeod <ken@bitsko.slc.ut.us>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Some ohci-pxa27x platforms may require OCPM and NOCP in UHCRHDA to be
clear, but the existing code was only allowing setting. This patch
ensures that these bits are clear if the respective flags are not set.
This is particularly important for the PXA3xx family where the
documentation says OCPM must be cleared, but it is set after reset.
Signed-off-by: Aric Blumer <aric@sdgsystems.com>
Cc: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
At91sam9g45 series has a set of high speed USB interfaces.
The host driver is an EHCI with its companion OHCI. OHCI is
always handled by ohci-at91.c.
This wrapper is just modified to allow IRQ sharing
between two controllers.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Ferre <nicolas.ferre@atmel.com>
Acked-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Add host USB High speed driver for at91sam9g45 series.
The host driver is an EHCI with its companion OHCI. EHCI is
handled by the new ehci-atmel.c whereas the OHCI is always
handled by ohci-at91.c.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Ferre <nicolas.ferre@atmel.com>
Acked-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net>
move both ohci-au1xxx and ehci-au1xxx over to dev_pm_ops.
Tested on Au1200.
Signed-off-by: Manuel Lauss <manuel.lauss@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Platform device support was merged earlier, but support for boards to
customize the devflags aspect of the controller was not. We want this on
Blackfin systems to control the bus width, but might as well expose all of
the fields while we're at it.
Signed-off-by: Michael Hennerich <michael.hennerich@analog.com>
Signed-off-by: Bryan Wu <cooloney@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
The Intel Moorestown EHCI controller supports non-standard HOSTPCx register
extension. This register controls the LPM behaviour and controls the behaviour
of each USB port.
Signed-off-by: Jacob Pan <jacob.jun.pan@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Alek Du <alek.du@intel.com>
Acked-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Cc: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
The ehci_qh structure merged hw and sw together which is not good:
1. More and more items are being added into ehci_qh, the ehci_qh software
part are unnecessary to be allocated in DMA qh_pool.
2. If HCD has local SRAM, the sw part will consume it too, and it won't
bring any benefit.
3. For non-cache-coherence system, the entire ehci_qh is uncachable, actually
we only need the hw part to be uncacheable. Spliting them will let the sw
part to be cacheable.
Signed-off-by: Alek Du <alek.du@intel.com>
Cc: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net>
CC: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Basically the io watchdog is only useful for those quirk HCDs. For most
good ones, it only brings unnecessary wakeups. At least, I know the
Intel EHCI HCDs should turn off the flag.
Signed-off-by: Alek Du <alek.du@intel.com>
Cc: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net>
Cc: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
usb_hcd_endpoint_reset() may be called in atomic context and must not
sleep. So make whci-hcd's endpoint_reset() asynchronous. URBs
submitted while the reset is in progress will be queued (on the std
list) and transfers will resume once the reset is complete.
Signed-off-by: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@csr.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Add ehci support for w90p910 platform.
Signed-off-by: Wan ZongShun <mcuos.com@gmail.com>
Cc: David Brownell <david-b@pacbell.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
vfree() does it's own NULL checking,so no need for check before
calling it.
Signed-off-by: Figo.zhang <figo1802@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Interrupt transfers are submitted to the xHCI hardware using the same TRB
type as bulk transfers. Re-use the bulk transfer enqueueing code to
enqueue interrupt transfers.
Interrupt transfers are a bit different than bulk transfers. When the
interrupt endpoint is to be serviced, the xHC will consume (at most) one
TD. A TD (comprised of sg list entries) can take several service
intervals to transmit. The important thing for device drivers to note is
that if they use the scatter gather interface to submit interrupt
requests, they will not get data sent from two different scatter gather
lists in the same service interval.
For now, the xHCI driver will use the service interval from the endpoint's
descriptor (bInterval). Drivers will need a hook to poll at a more
frequent interval. Set urb->interval to the interval that the xHCI
hardware will use.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
The xHCI hardware reports the number of bytes untransferred for a given
transfer buffer. If the hardware reports a bytes untransferred value
greater than the submitted buffer size, we want to play it safe and say no
data was transferred. If the driver considers a short packet to be an
error, remember to set -EREMOTEIO.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Make sure that the driver that submitted the URB considers a short packet
an error before setting -EREMOTEIO during a short control transfer.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Make sure that the amount of data the xHC says was transmitted is less
than or equal to the size of the requested transfer buffer. Before, if
the host controller erroneously reported that the number of bytes
untransferred was bigger than the buffer in the URB, urb->actual_length
could be set to a very large size.
Make sure urb->actual_length <= urb->transfer_buffer_length.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
On a successful transfer, urb->td is freed before the URB is ready to be
given back to the driver. Don't touch urb->td after it's freed. This bug
would have only shown up when xHCI debugging was turned on, and the freed
memory was quickly reused for something else.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
The 0.95 xHCI spec says that non-control endpoints will be halted if a
babble is detected on a transfer. The 0.96 xHCI spec says all types of
endpoints will be halted when a babble is detected. Some hardware that
claims to be 0.95 compliant halts the control endpoint anyway.
When a babble is detected on a control endpoint, check the hardware's
output endpoint context to see if the endpoint is marked as halted. If
the control endpoint is halted, a reset endpoint command must be issued
and the transfer ring dequeue pointer needs to be moved past the stopped
transfer. Basically, we treat it as if the control endpoint had stalled.
Handle bulk babbling endpoints as if we got a completion event with a
stall completion code.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Use trb_comp_code instead of getting the completion code from the transfer
event every time.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This Fresco Logic xHCI host controller chip revision puts bad data into
the output endpoint context after a Reset Endpoint command. It needs a
Configure Endpoint command (instead of a Set TR Dequeue Pointer command)
after the reset endpoint command.
Set up the input context before issuing the Reset Endpoint command so we
don't copy bad data from the output endpoint context. The HW also can't
handle two commands queued at once, so submit the TRB for the Configure
Endpoint command in the event handler for the Reset Endpoint command.
Devices that stall on control endpoints before a configuration is selected
will not work under this Fresco Logic xHCI host controller revision.
This patch is for prototype hardware that will be given to other companies
for evaluation purposes only, and should not reach consumer hands. Fresco
Logic's next chip rev should have this bug fixed.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
When a control endpoint stalls, the next control transfer will clear the
stall. The USB core doesn't call down to the host controller driver's
endpoint_reset() method when control endpoints stall, so the xHCI driver
has to do all its stall handling for internal state in its interrupt handler.
When the host stalls on a control endpoint, it may stop on the data phase
or status phase of the control transfer. Like other stalled endpoints,
the xHCI driver needs to queue a Reset Endpoint command and move the
hardware's control endpoint ring dequeue pointer past the failed control
transfer (with a Set TR Dequeue Pointer or a Configure Endpoint command).
Since the USB core doesn't call usb_hcd_reset_endpoint() for control
endpoints, we need to do this in interrupt context when we get notified of
the stalled transfer. URBs may be queued to the hardware before these two
commands complete. The endpoint queue will be restarted once both
commands complete.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Full speed devices have varying max packet sizes (8, 16, 32, or 64) for
endpoint 0. The xHCI hardware needs to know the real max packet size
that the USB core discovers after it fetches the first 8 bytes of the
device descriptor.
In order to fix this without adding a new hook to host controller drivers,
the xHCI driver looks for an updated max packet size for control
endpoints. If it finds an updated size, it issues an evaluate context
command and waits for that command to finish. This should only happen in
the initialization and device descriptor fetching steps in the khubd
thread, so blocking should be fine.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Set the max packet size for the default control endpoint on high speed
devices to be 64 bytes. High speed devices always have a max packet size
of 64 bytes. There's no use setting it to eight for the initial 8 byte
descriptor fetch and then issuing (and waiting for) an evaluate context
command to update it to 64 bytes for the subsequent control transfers.
The USB core guesses that the max packet size on a full speed control
endpoint is 64 bytes, and then updates it after the first 8-byte
descriptor fetch. Change the initial setup for the xHCI internal
representation of the full speed device to have a 64 byte max packet size.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Refactor out the code issue, wait for, and parse the event completion code
for a configure endpoint command. Modify it to support the evaluate
context command, which has a very similar submission process. Add
functions to copy parts of the output context into the input context
(which will be used in the evaluate context command).
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Use the virtual address of the memory hardware uses, not the address for
the container of that memory.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Different sections of the xHCI 0.95 specification had opposing
requirements for the chain bit in a link transaction request buffer (TRB).
The chain bit is used to designate that adjacent TRBs are all part of the
same scatter gather list that should be sent to the device. Link TRBs can
be in the middle, or at the beginning or end of these chained TRBs.
Sections 4.11.5.1 and 6.4.4.1 both stated the link TRB "shall have the
chain bit set to 1", meaning it is always chained to the next TRB.
However, section 4.6.9 on the stop endpoint command has specific cases for
what the hardware must do for a link TRB with the chain bit set to 0. The
0.96 specification errata later cleared up this issue by fixing the
4.11.5.1 and 6.4.4.1 sections to state that a link TRB can have the chain
bit set to 1 or 0.
The problem is that the xHCI cancellation code depends on the chain bit of
the link TRB being cleared when it's at the end of a TD, and some 0.95
xHCI hardware simply stops processing the ring when it encounters a link
TRB with the chain bit cleared.
Allow users who are testing 0.95 xHCI prototypes to set a module parameter
(link_quirk) to turn on this link TRB work around. Cancellation may not
work if the ring is stopped exactly on a link TRB with chain bit set, but
cancellation should be a relatively uncommon case.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
SL811 Device detected after removal used to be working in linux-2.6.22
but then broke somewhere between 2.6.22 and 2.6.28. Current
hub_port_connect_change() in drivers/usb/core/hub.c won't call
usb_disconnect() in case the SL811 driver sets portstatus
USB_PORT_FEAT_CONNECTION upon removal.
AFAIK the SL811 has only a combined Device Insert/Remove
detection bit, therefore use a count to distinguish insert or remove.
Signed-Off-By: Michael Hennerich <hennerich@blackfin.uclinux.org>
Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lethal/sh-2.6: (262 commits)
sh: mach-ecovec24: Add user debug switch support
sh: Kill off unused se_skipped in alignment trap notification code.
sh: Wire up HAVE_SYSCALL_TRACEPOINTS.
video: sh_mobile_lcdcfb: use both register sets for display panning
video: sh_mobile_lcdcfb: implement display panning
sh: Fix up sh7705 flush_dcache_page() build.
sh: kfr2r09: document the PLL/FLL <-> RF relationship.
sh: mach-ecovec24: need asm/clock.h.
sh: mach-ecovec24: deassert usb irq on boot.
sh: Add KEYSC support for EcoVec24
sh: add kycr2_delay for sh_keysc
sh: cpufreq: Include CPU id in info messages.
sh: multi-evt support for SH-X3 proto CPU.
sh: clkfwk: remove bogus set_bus_parent() from SH7709.
sh: Fix the indication point of the liquid crystal of AP-325RXA(AP3300)
sh: Add EcoVec24 romImage defconfig
sh: USB disable process is needed if romImage boot for EcoVec24
sh: EcoVec24: add HIZA setting for LED
sh: EcoVec24: write MAC address in boot
sh: Add romImage support for EcoVec24
...
Change default debugfs directory as mounting point for debugging
UHCI(Universal Host Controller Interface driver) for USB.
As we all know, We need change default directory for consistency of
debugfs by Greg K-H
Signed-off-by: GeunSik Lim <geunsik.lim@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This patch (as1274) simplifies the counting of transaction-error
retries. Now we will count up from 0 to QH_XACTERR_MAX instead of
down from QH_XACTERR_MAX to 0.
The patch also fixes a small bug: qh->xacterr was not getting
initialized for interrupt endpoints.
Signed-off-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Tested-by: Matthijs Kooijman <matthijs@stdin.nl>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This patch (as1273) fixes two(!) bugs introduced by the new
Clear-TT-Buffer implementation in ehci-hcd.
It is now possible for an idle QH to have some URBs on its
queue -- this will happen if a Clear-TT-Buffer is pending for
the QH's endpoint. Consequently we should not issue a warning
when someone tries to unlink an URB from an idle QH; instead
we should process the request immediately.
The refcounts for QHs could get messed up, because
submit_async() would increment the refcount when calling
qh_link_async() and qh_link_async() would then refuse to link
the QH into the schedule if a Clear-TT-Buffer was pending.
Instead we should increment the refcount only when the QH
actually is added to the schedule. The current code tries to
be clever by leaving the refcount alone if an unlink is
immediately followed by a relink; the patch changes this to an
unconditional decrement and increment (although they occur in
the opposite order).
Signed-off-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
CC: David Brownell <david-b@pacbell.net>
Tested-by: Manuel Lauss <manuel.lauss@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Matthijs Kooijman <matthijs@stdin.nl>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This fixes up the dev_pm_ops conversion and wires up the callbacks needed
for hibernation.
Signed-off-by: Yoshihiro Shimoda <shimoda.yoshihiro@renesas.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Correct the xHCI code to handle stalls on USB endpoints. We need to move
the endpoint ring's dequeue pointer past the stalled transfer, or the HW
will try to restart the transfer the next time the doorbell is rung.
Don't attempt to clear a halt on an endpoint if we haven't seen a stalled
transfer for it. The USB core will attempt to clear a halt on all
endpoints when it selects a new configuration.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Adds support for controllers that use 64-byte contexts. The following context
data structures are affected by this: Device, Input, Input Control, Endpoint,
and Slot. To accommodate the use of either 32 or 64-byte contexts, a Device or
Input context can only be accessed through functions which look-up and return
pointers to their contained contexts.
Signed-off-by: John Youn <johnyoun@synopsys.com>
Acked-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Make sure the xHCI output device context is 64-byte aligned. Previous
code was using the same structure for both the output device context and
the input control context. Since the structure had 32 bytes of flags
before the device context, the output device context wouldn't be 64-byte
aligned. Define a new structure to use for the output device context and
clean up the debugging for these two structures.
The copy of the device context in the input control context does *not*
need to be 64-byte aligned.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Allocates and initializes the scratchpad buffer array (XHCI 4.20). This is an
array of 64-bit DMA addresses to scratch pages that the controller may use
during operation. The number of pages is specified in the "Max Scratchpad
Buffers" field of HCSPARAMS2. The DMA address of this array is written into
slot 0 of the DCBAA.
Signed-off-by: John Youn <johnyoun@synopsys.com>
Acked-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This is a work around for a bug in the SuperSpeed Endpoint Companion Descriptor
parsing code. It fails in some corner cases, which means ep->ss_ep_comp may be
NULL.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Pass back a babble error when this error code is seen in the transfer event TRB.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
The xHCI host controller can be programmed to retry a transfer a certain number
of times per endpoint before it passes back an error condition to the host
controller driver. The xHC will return an error code when the error count
transitions from 1 to 0. Programming an error count of 3 means the xHC tries
the transfer 3 times, programming it with a 1 means it tries to transfer once,
and programming it with 0 means the HW tries the transfer infinitely.
We want isochronous transfers to only be tried once, so set the error count to
one.
Signed-off-by: Sarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
H Hartley Sweeten
Julia Lawall
Jon Hunter
David Woodhouse
Ken MacLeod
Aric Blumer
Anand Gadiyar
Nicolas Ferre
Bob Liu
Lothar Wassmann
Manuel Lauss
Michael Hennerich
Alek Du
David Vrabel
Wan ZongShun
Figo.zhang
Sarah Sharp
Uwe Kleine-Koenig
Linus Torvalds
GeunSik Lim
Paul Mundt
Alan Stern
Yoshihiro Shimoda
John Youn