Commit Graph

206 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Nick Piggin 5a26db5bd2 lockdep: fix internal double unlock during self-test
Lockdep, during self-test (when it was simulating double unlocks) was
sometimes unconditionally unlocking a spinlock when it had not been
locked. This won't work for ticket locks.

Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
2008-01-16 09:51:58 +01:00
Ingo Molnar 5f9fa8a62d lockdep: make cli/sti annotation warnings clearer
make cli/sti annotation warnings easier to interpret.

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
2007-12-07 19:02:47 +01:00
Oleg Nesterov 54561783ee lockdep: in_range() fix
Torsten Kaiser wrote:

| static inline int in_range(const void *start, const void *addr, const void *end)
| {
|         return addr >= start && addr <= end;
| }
| This  will return true, if addr is in the range of start (including)
| to end (including).
|
| But debug_check_no_locks_freed() seems does:
| const void *mem_to = mem_from + mem_len
| -> mem_to is the last byte of the freed range, that fits in_range
| lock_from = (void *)hlock->instance;
| -> first byte of the lock
| lock_to = (void *)(hlock->instance + 1);
| -> first byte of the next lock, not last byte of the lock that is being checked!
|
| The test is:
| if (!in_range(mem_from, lock_from, mem_to) &&
|                                         !in_range(mem_from, lock_to, mem_to))
|                         continue;
| So it tests, if the first byte of the lock is in the range that is freed ->OK
| And if the first byte of the *next* lock is in the range that is freed
| -> Not OK.

We can also simplify in_range checks, we need only 2 comparisons, not 4.
If the lock is not in memory range, it should be either at the left of range
or at the right.

Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
2007-12-05 15:46:09 +01:00
Ingo Molnar 856848737b lockdep: fix debug_show_all_locks()
fix the oops that can be seen in:

   http://bugzilla.kernel.org/attachment.cgi?id=13828&action=view

it is not safe to print the locks of running tasks.

(even with this fix we have a small race - but this is a debug
 function after all.)

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
2007-12-05 15:46:09 +01:00
Gautham R Shenoy 17aacfb9cd lockdep: fix a typo in the __lock_acquire comment
Fix a typo in the __lock_acquire comment.

Signed-off-by: Gautham R Shenoy <ego@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2007-10-28 20:47:01 +01:00
Pavel Emelyanov ba25f9dcc4 Use helpers to obtain task pid in printks
The task_struct->pid member is going to be deprecated, so start
using the helpers (task_pid_nr/task_pid_vnr/task_pid_nr_ns) in
the kernel.

The first thing to start with is the pid, printed to dmesg - in
this case we may safely use task_pid_nr(). Besides, printks produce
more (much more) than a half of all the explicit pid usage.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: git-drm went and changed lots of stuff]
Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Airlie <airlied@linux.ie>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-10-19 11:53:43 -07:00
Johannes Berg 4e6045f134 workqueue: debug flushing deadlocks with lockdep
In the following scenario:

code path 1:
  my_function() -> lock(L1); ...; flush_workqueue(); ...

code path 2:
  run_workqueue() -> my_work() -> ...; lock(L1); ...

you can get a deadlock when my_work() is queued or running
but my_function() has acquired L1 already.

This patch adds a pseudo-lock to each workqueue to make lockdep
warn about this scenario.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-10-19 11:53:38 -07:00
Peter Zijlstra b351d164e8 lockdep: syscall exit check
Provide a check to validate that we do not hold any locks when switching
back to user-space.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2007-10-11 22:11:12 +02:00
Gregory Haskins 3aa416b07f lockdep: fix mismatched lockdep_depth/curr_chain_hash
It is possible for the current->curr_chain_key to become inconsistent with the
current index if the chain fails to validate.  The end result is that future
lock_acquire() operations may inadvertently fail to find a hit in the cache
resulting in a new node being added to the graph for every acquire.

Signed-off-by: Gregory Haskins <ghaskins@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2007-10-11 22:11:11 +02:00
Johannes Berg c71063c9c9 lockdep debugging: give stacktrace for init_error
When I started adding support for lockdep to 64-bit powerpc, I got a
lockdep_init_error and with this patch was able to pinpoint why and where
to put lockdep_init().  Let's support this generally for others adding
lockdep support to their architecture.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-19 10:04:49 -07:00
Peter Zijlstra 96645678cd lockstat: measure lock bouncing
__acquire
        |
       lock _____
        |        \
        |    __contended
        |         |
        |        wait
        | _______/
        |/
        |
   __acquired
        |
   __release
        |
     unlock

We measure acquisition and contention bouncing.

This is done by recording a cpu stamp in each lock instance.

Contention bouncing requires the cpu stamp to be set on acquisition. Hence we
move __acquired into the generic path.

__acquired is then used to measure acquisition bouncing by comparing the
current cpu with the old stamp before replacing it.

__contended is used to measure contention bouncing (only useful for preemptable
locks)

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: cleanups]
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-19 10:04:49 -07:00
Peter Zijlstra 4b32d0a4e9 lockdep: various fixes
- update the copyright notices
 - use the default hash function
 - fix a thinko in a BUILD_BUG_ON
 - add a WARN_ON to spot inconsitent naming
 - fix a termination issue in /proc/lock_stat

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: cleanups]
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-19 10:04:49 -07:00
Peter Zijlstra c46261de0d lockstat: human readability tweaks
Present all this fancy new lock statistics information:

*warning, _wide_ output ahead*

(output edited for purpose of brevity)

 # cat /proc/lock_stat
lock_stat version 0.1
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              class name    contentions   waittime-min   waittime-max waittime-total   acquisitions   holdtime-min   holdtime-max holdtime-total
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                         &inode->i_mutex:         14458           6.57      398832.75     2469412.23        6768876           0.34    11398383.65   339410830.89
                         ---------------
                         &inode->i_mutex           4486          [<ffffffff802a08f9>] pipe_wait+0x86/0x8d
                         &inode->i_mutex              0          [<ffffffff802a01e8>] pipe_write_fasync+0x29/0x5d
                         &inode->i_mutex              0          [<ffffffff802a0e18>] pipe_read+0x74/0x3a5
                         &inode->i_mutex              0          [<ffffffff802a1a6a>] do_lookup+0x81/0x1ae

.................................................................................................................................................................

              &inode->i_data.tree_lock-W:           491           0.27          62.47         493.89        2477833           0.39         468.89     1146584.25
              &inode->i_data.tree_lock-R:            65           0.44           4.27          48.78       26288792           0.36         184.62    10197458.24
              --------------------------
                &inode->i_data.tree_lock             46          [<ffffffff80277095>] __do_page_cache_readahead+0x69/0x24f
                &inode->i_data.tree_lock             31          [<ffffffff8026f9fb>] add_to_page_cache+0x31/0xba
                &inode->i_data.tree_lock              0          [<ffffffff802770ee>] __do_page_cache_readahead+0xc2/0x24f
                &inode->i_data.tree_lock              0          [<ffffffff8026f6e4>] find_get_page+0x1a/0x58

.................................................................................................................................................................

                      proc_inum_idr.lock:             0           0.00           0.00           0.00             36           0.00          65.60         148.26
                        proc_subdir_lock:             0           0.00           0.00           0.00        3049859           0.00         106.81     1563212.42
                        shrinker_rwsem-W:             0           0.00           0.00           0.00              5           0.00           1.73           3.68
                        shrinker_rwsem-R:             0           0.00           0.00           0.00            633           2.57         246.57       10909.76

'contentions' and 'acquisitions' are the number of such events measured (since
the last reset). The waittime- and holdtime- (min, max, total) numbers are
presented in microseconds.

If there are any contention points, the lock class is presented in the block
format (as i_mutex and tree_lock above), otherwise a single line of output is
presented.

The output is sorted on absolute number of contentions (read + write), this
should get the worst offenders presented first, so that:

 # grep : /proc/lock_stat | head

will quickly show who's bad.

The stats can be reset using:

 # echo 0 > /proc/lock_stat

[bunk@stusta.de: make 2 functions static]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix printk warning]
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-19 10:04:49 -07:00
Peter Zijlstra f20786ff4d lockstat: core infrastructure
Introduce the core lock statistics code.

Lock statistics provides lock wait-time and hold-time (as well as the count
of corresponding contention and acquisitions events). Also, the first few
call-sites that encounter contention are tracked.

Lock wait-time is the time spent waiting on the lock. This provides insight
into the locking scheme, that is, a heavily contended lock is indicative of
a too coarse locking scheme.

Lock hold-time is the duration the lock was held, this provides a reference for
the wait-time numbers, so they can be put into perspective.

  1)
    lock
  2)
    ... do stuff ..
    unlock
  3)

The time between 1 and 2 is the wait-time. The time between 2 and 3 is the
hold-time.

The lockdep held-lock tracking code is reused, because it already collects locks
into meaningful groups (classes), and because it is an existing infrastructure
for lock instrumentation.

Currently lockdep tracks lock acquisition with two hooks:

  lock()
    lock_acquire()
    _lock()

 ... code protected by lock ...

  unlock()
    lock_release()
    _unlock()

We need to extend this with two more hooks, in order to measure contention.

  lock_contended() - used to measure contention events
  lock_acquired()  - completion of the contention

These are then placed the following way:

  lock()
    lock_acquire()
    if (!_try_lock())
      lock_contended()
      _lock()
      lock_acquired()

 ... do locked stuff ...

  unlock()
    lock_release()
    _unlock()

(Note: the try_lock() 'trick' is used to avoid instrumenting all platform
       dependent lock primitive implementations.)

It is also possible to toggle the two lockdep features at runtime using:

  /proc/sys/kernel/prove_locking
  /proc/sys/kernel/lock_stat

(esp. turning off the O(n^2) prove_locking functionaliy can help)

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: nuke unneeded ifdefs]
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-19 10:04:49 -07:00
Peter Zijlstra 8e18257d29 lockdep: reduce the ifdeffery
Move code around to get fewer but larger #ifdef sections.  Break some
in-function #ifdefs out into their own functions.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-19 10:04:49 -07:00
Peter Zijlstra ca58abcb4a lockdep: sanitise CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING
Ensure that all of the lock dependency tracking code is under
CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING.  This allows us to use the held lock tracking code for
other purposes.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-19 10:04:49 -07:00
Tejun Heo 9281acea6a kallsyms: make KSYM_NAME_LEN include space for trailing '\0'
KSYM_NAME_LEN is peculiar in that it does not include the space for the
trailing '\0', forcing all users to use KSYM_NAME_LEN + 1 when allocating
buffer.  This is nonsense and error-prone.  Moreover, when the caller
forgets that it's very likely to subtly bite back by corrupting the stack
because the last position of the buffer is always cleared to zero.

This patch increments KSYM_NAME_LEN by one and updates code accordingly.

* off-by-one bug in asm-powerpc/kprobes.h::kprobe_lookup_name() macro
  is fixed.

* Where MODULE_NAME_LEN and KSYM_NAME_LEN were used together,
  MODULE_NAME_LEN was treated as if it didn't include space for the
  trailing '\0'.  Fix it.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Paulo Marques <pmarques@grupopie.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-17 10:23:03 -07:00
Jarek Poplawski 4ff773bbde lockdep: removed unused ip argument in mark_lock & mark_held_locks
It looks like a remainder from designing...

Signed-off-by: Jarek Poplawski <jarkao@o2.pl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-08 11:15:13 -07:00
Jarek Poplawski 9e860d000a lockdep: lookup_chain_cache comment errata
Signed-off-by: Jarek Poplawski <jarkao2@o2.pl>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-08 11:15:11 -07:00
Alexey Dobriyan ffb4512276 Simplify kallsyms_lookup()
Several kallsyms_lookup() pass dummy arguments but only need, say, module's
name.  Make kallsyms_lookup() accept NULLs where possible.

Also, makes picture clearer about what interfaces are needed for all symbol
resolving business.

Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@sw.ru>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-08 11:15:08 -07:00
Christoph Hellwig ab1b6f03a1 simplify the stacktrace code
Simplify the stacktrace code:

 - remove the unused task argument to save_stack_trace, it's always
   current
 - remove the all_contexts flag, it's alwasy 0

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-08 11:14:58 -07:00
Jarek Poplawski 9c35dd7f8b [PATCH] lockdep: debug_show_all_locks & debug_show_held_locks vs. debug_locks
lockdep's data shouldn't be used when debug_locks == 0 because it's not
updated after this, so it's more misleading than helpful.

PS: probably lockdep's current-> fields should be reset after it turns
debug_locks off: so, after printing a bug report, but before return from
exported functions, but there are really a lot of these possibilities (e.g.
 after DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON), so, something could be missed.  (Of course
direct use of this fields isn't recommended either.)

Reported-by: Folkert van Heusden <folkert@vanheusden.com>
Inspired-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru>
Signed-off-by: Jarek Poplawski <jarkao2@o2.pl>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-03-22 19:39:06 -07:00
Sam Ravnborg 1499993cc7 [PATCH] fix section mismatch warning in lockdep
lockdep_init() is marked __init but used in several places
outside __init code. This causes following warnings:
$ scripts/mod/modpost kernel/lockdep.o
WARNING: kernel/built-in.o - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:lockdep_init from .text.lockdep_init_map after 'lockdep_init_map' (at offset 0x105)
WARNING: kernel/built-in.o - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:lockdep_init from .text.lockdep_reset_lock after 'lockdep_reset_lock' (at offset 0x35)
WARNING: kernel/built-in.o - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:lockdep_init from .text.__lock_acquire after '__lock_acquire' (at offset 0xb2)

The warnings are less obviously due to heavy inlining by gcc - this is not
altered.

Fix the section mismatch warnings by removing the __init marking, which
seems obviously wrong.

Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-03-01 14:53:37 -08:00
Jarek Poplawski 60e114d113 [PATCH] lockdep: debug_locks check after check_chain_key
In __lock_acquire check_chain_key can turn off debug_locks, so check is
needed to assure proper return code.

Signed-off-by: Jarek Poplawski <jarkao2@o2.pl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-20 17:10:14 -08:00
Jason Baron 068135e635 [PATCH] lockdep: add graph depth information to /proc/lockdep
Generate locking graph information into /proc/lockdep, for lock hierarchy
documentation and visualization purposes.

sample output:

 c089fd5c OPS:     138 FD:   14 BD:    1 --..: &tty->termios_mutex
  -> [c07a3430] tty_ldisc_lock
  -> [c07a37f0] &port_lock_key
  -> [c07afdc0] &rq->rq_lock_key#2

The lock classes listed are all the first-hop lock dependencies that
lockdep has seen so far.

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-11 10:51:26 -08:00
Jarek Poplawski 381a229209 [PATCH] lockdep: more unlock-on-error fixes
- returns after DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON added in 3 places

- debug_locks checking after lookup_chain_cache() added in
  __lock_acquire()

- locking for testing and changing global variable max_lockdep_depth
  added in __lock_acquire()

From: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

My __acquire_lock() cleanup introduced a locking bug: on SMP systems we'd
release a non-owned graph lock.  Fix this by moving the graph unlock back,
and by leaving the max_lockdep_depth variable update possibly racy.  (we
dont care, it's just statistics)

Also add some minimal debugging code to graph_unlock()/graph_lock(),
which caught this locking bug.

Signed-off-by: Jarek Poplawski <jarkao2@o2.pl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-11 10:51:26 -08:00
Andrew Morton 755cd90029 [PATCH] lockdep: printk warning fix
kernel/lockdep.c: In function `lookup_chain_cache':
kernel/lockdep.c:1339: warning: long long unsigned int format, u64 arg (arg 2)
kernel/lockdep.c:1344: warning: long long unsigned int format, u64 arg (arg 2)

Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-30 10:56:43 -08:00
Ingo Molnar 74c383f140 [PATCH] lockdep: fix possible races while disabling lock-debugging
Jarek Poplawski noticed that lockdep global state could be accessed in a
racy way if one CPU did a lockdep assert (shutting lockdep down), while the
other CPU would try to do something that changes its global state.

This patch fixes those races and cleans up lockdep's internal locking by
adding a graph_lock()/graph_unlock()/debug_locks_off_graph_unlock helpers.

(Also note that as we all know the Linux kernel is, by definition, bug-free
and perfect, so this code never triggers, so these fixes are highly
theoretical.  I wrote this patch for aesthetic reasons alone.)

[akpm@osdl.org: build fix]
[jarkao2@o2.pl: build fix's refix]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Jarek Poplawski <jarkao2@o2.pl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-13 09:05:50 -08:00
Ingo Molnar 3117df0453 [PATCH] lockdep: print irq-trace info on asserts
When we print an assert due to scheduling-in-atomic bugs, and if lockdep
is enabled, then the IRQ tracing information of lockdep can be printed
to pinpoint the code location that disabled interrupts. This saved me
quite a bit of debugging time in cases where the backtrace did not
identify the irq-disabling site well enough.

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-13 09:05:50 -08:00
Ingo Molnar 27c3b23226 [PATCH] lockdep: use chain hash on CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCKDEP too
CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCKDEP is unacceptably slow because it does not utilize
the chain-hash. Turn the chain-hash back on in this case too.

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-13 09:05:50 -08:00
Ingo Molnar 33e94e960b [PATCH] lockdep: clean up VERY_VERBOSE define
Cleanup: the VERY_VERBOSE define was unnecessarily dependent on #ifdef VERBOSE
- while the VERBOSE switch is 0 or 1 (always defined).

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-13 09:05:50 -08:00
Ingo Molnar 23d95a03d6 [PATCH] lockdep: improve lockdep_reset()
Clear all the chains during lockdep_reset().  This fixes some locking-selftest
false positives i saw on -rt.  (never saw those on mainline though, but it
could happen.)

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-13 09:05:50 -08:00
Ingo Molnar 81fc685a89 [PATCH] lockdep: improve verbose messages
Make verbose lockdep messages (off by default) more informative by printing
out the hash chain key.  (this patch was what helped me catch the earlier
lockdep hash-collision bug)

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-13 09:05:50 -08:00
Ingo Molnar a664089741 [PATCH] lockdep: filter off by default
Fix typo in the class_filter() function.  (filtering is not used by default so
this only affects lockdep-internal debugging cases)

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-13 09:05:50 -08:00
Linus Torvalds 4522d58275 Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://one.firstfloor.org/home/andi/git/linux-2.6
* 'for-linus' of git://one.firstfloor.org/home/andi/git/linux-2.6: (156 commits)
  [PATCH] x86-64: Export smp_call_function_single
  [PATCH] i386: Clean up smp_tune_scheduling()
  [PATCH] unwinder: move .eh_frame to RODATA
  [PATCH] unwinder: fully support linker generated .eh_frame_hdr section
  [PATCH] x86-64: don't use set_irq_regs()
  [PATCH] x86-64: check vector in setup_ioapic_dest to verify if need setup_IO_APIC_irq
  [PATCH] x86-64: Make ix86 default to HIGHMEM4G instead of NOHIGHMEM
  [PATCH] i386: replace kmalloc+memset with kzalloc
  [PATCH] x86-64: remove remaining pc98 code
  [PATCH] x86-64: remove unused variable
  [PATCH] x86-64: Fix constraints in atomic_add_return()
  [PATCH] x86-64: fix asm constraints in i386 atomic_add_return
  [PATCH] x86-64: Correct documentation for bzImage protocol v2.05
  [PATCH] x86-64: replace kmalloc+memset with kzalloc in MTRR code
  [PATCH] x86-64: Fix numaq build error
  [PATCH] x86-64: include/asm-x86_64/cpufeature.h isn't a userspace header
  [PATCH] unwinder: Add debugging output to the Dwarf2 unwinder
  [PATCH] x86-64: Clarify error message in GART code
  [PATCH] x86-64: Fix interrupt race in idle callback (3rd try)
  [PATCH] x86-64: Remove unwind stack pointer alignment forcing again
  ...

Fixed conflict in include/linux/uaccess.h manually

Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-07 08:59:11 -08:00
Ingo Molnar 70e4506765 [PATCH] lockdep: register_lock_class() fix
The hash_lock must only ever be taken with irqs disabled.  This happens in
all the important places, except one codepath: register_lock_class().  The
race should trigger rarely because register_lock_class() is quite rare and
single-threaded (happens during init most of the time).

The fix is to disable irqs.

( bug found live in -rt: there preemption is alot more agressive and
  preempting with the hash-lock held caused a lockup.)

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-07 08:39:46 -08:00
Adrian Bunk ebe7e5fe4b [PATCH] remove kernel/lockdep.c:lockdep_internal
Remove the no longer used lockdep_internal().

Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-07 08:39:39 -08:00
Jarek Poplawski b23984d0a1 [PATCH] lockdep: misc fixes in lockdep.c
- numeric string size replaced with constant in print_lock_name and
   print_lockdep_cache,

 - return on null pointer in print_lock_dependencies,

 - one more lockdep return with 0 with unlocking fix in mark_lock.

Signed-off-by: Jarek Poplawski <jarkao2@o2.pl>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-07 08:39:33 -08:00
Jarek Poplawski 910b1b2e6d [PATCH] lockdep: internal locking fixes
Here are mainly some lockdep returns with 0 with unlocking fixes.

Signed-off-by: Jarek Poplawski <jarkao2@o2.pl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-07 08:39:33 -08:00
Peter Zijlstra ed07536ed6 [PATCH] lockdep: annotate nfs/nfsd in-kernel sockets
Stick NFS sockets in their own class to avoid some lockdep warnings.  NFS
sockets are never exposed to user-space, and will hence not trigger certain
code paths that would otherwise pose deadlock scenarios.

[akpm@osdl.org: cleanups]
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Steven Dickson <SteveD@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
Acked-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
[ Fixed patch corruption by quilt, pointed out by Peter Zijlstra ]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-07 08:39:30 -08:00
Andi Kleen eef5e0d185 [PATCH] unwinder: Remove lockdep disabling of nested locks for unwinder
Shouldn't be needed anymore since __kernel_text_address
is used unconditionally on x86-64

Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
2006-12-07 02:14:12 +01:00
Ingo Molnar 1ff5683043 [PATCH] lockdep: fix static keys in module-allocated percpu areas
lockdep got confused by certain locks in modules:

 INFO: trying to register non-static key.
 the code is fine but needs lockdep annotation.
 turning off the locking correctness validator.

 Call Trace:
  [<ffffffff8026f40d>] dump_trace+0xaa/0x3f2
  [<ffffffff8026f78f>] show_trace+0x3a/0x60
  [<ffffffff8026f9d1>] dump_stack+0x15/0x17
  [<ffffffff802abfe8>] __lock_acquire+0x724/0x9bb
  [<ffffffff802ac52b>] lock_acquire+0x4d/0x67
  [<ffffffff80267139>] rt_spin_lock+0x3d/0x41
  [<ffffffff8839ed3f>] :ip_conntrack:__ip_ct_refresh_acct+0x131/0x174
  [<ffffffff883a1334>] :ip_conntrack:udp_packet+0xbf/0xcf
  [<ffffffff8839f9af>] :ip_conntrack:ip_conntrack_in+0x394/0x4a7
  [<ffffffff8023551f>] nf_iterate+0x41/0x7f
  [<ffffffff8025946a>] nf_hook_slow+0x64/0xd5
  [<ffffffff802369a2>] ip_rcv+0x24e/0x506
  [...]

Steven Rostedt found the bug: static_obj() check did not take
PERCPU_ENOUGH_ROOM into account, so in-module DEFINE_PER_CPU-area locks
were triggering this message.

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-11-17 11:10:37 -08:00
Linus Torvalds 43f82216f0 Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dtor/input
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dtor/input:
  Input: fm801-gp - handle errors from pci_enable_device()
  Input: gameport core - handle errors returned by device_bind_driver()
  Input: serio core - handle errors returned by device_bind_driver()
  Lockdep: fix compile error in drivers/input/serio/serio.c
  Input: serio - add lockdep annotations
  Lockdep: add lockdep_set_class_and_subclass() and lockdep_set_subclass()
  Input: atkbd - supress "too many keys" error message
  Input: i8042 - supress ACK/NAKs when blinking during panic
  Input: add missing exports to fix modular build
2006-10-17 08:56:43 -07:00
Ingo Molnar ca268c691d [PATCH] lockdep: increase max allowed recursion depth
In general, lockdep warnings are intended to be non-fatal, so I have put in
various practical limits on internal data structure failure modes.  We haven't
had a /single/ lockdep-internal crash ever since lockdep went upstream [the
unwinder crashes are outside of lockdep], and that's largely due to the good
internal checks it does.

Recursion within the dependency graph is currently limited to 20, that's
probably not enough on some many-CPU boxes - this patch doubles it to 40.  I
have written the lockdep functions to have as small stackframes as possible,
so 40 should be OK too.  (The practical recursion limit should be somewhere
between 100 and 200 entries.  If we hit that then I'll change the algorithm to
be iteration-based.  Graph walking logic is so easy to program via recursion,
so i'd like to keep recursion as long as possible.)

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-10-17 08:18:42 -07:00
Alexey Dobriyan 3dc3099a9b [PATCH] lockdep: use BUILD_BUG_ON
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-10-11 11:14:24 -07:00
Peter Zijlstra 4dfbb9d8c6 Lockdep: add lockdep_set_class_and_subclass() and lockdep_set_subclass()
This annotation makes it possible to assign a subclass on lock init. This
annotation is meant to reduce the _nested() annotations by assigning a
default subclass.

One could do without this annotation and rely on lockdep_set_class()
exclusively, but that would require a manual stack of struct lock_class_key
objects.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>
2006-10-11 01:45:14 -04:00
Serge E. Hallyn 96b644bdec [PATCH] namespaces: utsname: use init_utsname when appropriate
In some places, particularly drivers and __init code, the init utsns is the
appropriate one to use.  This patch replaces those with a the init_utsname
helper.

Changes: Removed several uses of init_utsname().  Hope I picked all the
	right ones in net/ipv4/ipconfig.c.  These are now changed to
	utsname() (the per-process namespace utsname) in the previous
	patch (2/7)

[akpm@osdl.org: CIFS fix]
Signed-off-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Kirill Korotaev <dev@openvz.org>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Herbert Poetzl <herbert@13thfloor.at>
Cc: Andrey Savochkin <saw@sw.ru>
Cc: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-10-02 07:57:21 -07:00
Ingo Molnar 03cbc358aa [PATCH] lockdep core: improve the lock-chain-hash
With CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC turned off i was getting sporadic failures in
the locking self-test:

  ------------>
  | Locking API testsuite:
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                   | spin |wlock |rlock |mutex | wsem | rsem |
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       A-A deadlock:  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |
                   A-B-B-A deadlock:  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |
               A-B-B-C-C-A deadlock:  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |
               A-B-C-A-B-C deadlock:  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |
           A-B-B-C-C-D-D-A deadlock:  ok  |FAILED|  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |
           A-B-C-D-B-D-D-A deadlock:  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |
           A-B-C-D-B-C-D-A deadlock:  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |  ok  |FAILED|

after much debugging it turned out to be caused by accidental chain-hash
key collisions.  The current hash is:

 #define iterate_chain_key(key1, key2) \
	(((key1) << MAX_LOCKDEP_KEYS_BITS/2) ^ \
	((key1) >> (64-MAX_LOCKDEP_KEYS_BITS/2)) ^ \
 	(key2))

where MAX_LOCKDEP_KEYS_BITS is 11.  This hash is pretty good as it will
shift by 5 bits in every iteration, where every new ID 'mixed' into the
hash would have up to 11 bits.  But because there was a 6 bits overlap
between subsequent IDs and their high bits tended to be similar, there was
a chance for accidental chain-hash collision for a low number of locks
held.

the solution is to shift by 11 bits:

 #define iterate_chain_key(key1, key2) \
	(((key1) << MAX_LOCKDEP_KEYS_BITS) ^ \
	((key1) >> (64-MAX_LOCKDEP_KEYS_BITS)) ^ \
 	(key2))

This keeps the hash perfect up to 5 locks held, but even above that the
hash is still good because 11 bits is a relative prime to the total 64
bits, so a complete match will only occur after 64 held locks (which doesnt
happen in Linux).  Even after 5 locks held, entropy of the 5 IDs mixed into
the hash is already good enough so that overlap doesnt generate a colliding
hash ID.

with this change the false positives went away.

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-09-29 09:18:25 -07:00
Dave Jones 99de055ac0 [PATCH] lockdep: print kernel version
Lets do the same thing we do for oopses - print out the version in the
report.  It's an extra line of output though.  We could tack it on the end
of the INFO: lines, but that screws up Ingo's pretty output.

Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-09-29 09:18:13 -07:00
Andi Kleen 3fa7c794fe [PATCH] Avoid recursion in lockdep when stack tracer takes locks
The new dwarf2 unwinder needs to take locks to do backtraces
inside modules. This patch makes sure lockdep which calls
stacktrace is not reentered.

Thanks to Ingo for suggesting this simpler approach.

Cc: mingo@elte.hu
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
2006-09-26 10:52:34 +02:00
Andi Kleen 5a1b3999d6 [PATCH] x86: Some preparationary cleanup for stack trace
- Remove unused all_contexts parameter
No caller used it
- Move skip argument into the structure (needed for
followon patches)

Cc: mingo@elte.hu

Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
2006-09-26 10:52:34 +02:00
Ingo Molnar d6d897cec2 [PATCH] lockdep: core, reduce per-lock class-cache size
lockdep_map is embedded into every lock, which blows up data structure
sizes all around the kernel.  Reduce the class-cache to be for the default
class only - that is used in 99.9% of the cases and even if we dont have a
class cached, the lookup in the class-hash is lockless.

This change reduces the per-lock dep_map overhead by 56 bytes on 64-bit
platforms and by 28 bytes on 32-bit platforms.

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-07-10 13:24:14 -07:00
Arjan van de Ven 55794a412f [PATCH] lockdep: improve debug output
Make lockdep print which lock is held, in the "kfree() of a live lock"
scenario.

Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-07-10 13:24:14 -07:00
Andi Kleen f9829cceb6 [PATCH] Minor cleanup to lockdep.c
- Use printk formatting for indentation
- Don't leave NTFS in the default event filter

Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-07-10 13:24:14 -07:00
Ingo Molnar 6c9076ec9c [PATCH] lockdep: allow read_lock() recursion of same class
From: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

lockdep so far only allowed read-recursion for the same lock instance.
This is enough in the overwhelming majority of cases, but a hostap case
triggered and reported by Miles Lane relies on same-class
different-instance recursion.  So we relax the restriction on read-lock
recursion.

(This change does not allow rwsem read-recursion, which is still
forbidden.)

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-07-03 15:27:04 -07:00
Ingo Molnar fbb9ce9530 [PATCH] lockdep: core
Do 'make oldconfig' and accept all the defaults for new config options -
reboot into the kernel and if everything goes well it should boot up fine and
you should have /proc/lockdep and /proc/lockdep_stats files.

Typically if the lock validator finds some problem it will print out
voluminous debug output that begins with "BUG: ..." and which syslog output
can be used by kernel developers to figure out the precise locking scenario.

What does the lock validator do?  It "observes" and maps all locking rules as
they occur dynamically (as triggered by the kernel's natural use of spinlocks,
rwlocks, mutexes and rwsems).  Whenever the lock validator subsystem detects a
new locking scenario, it validates this new rule against the existing set of
rules.  If this new rule is consistent with the existing set of rules then the
new rule is added transparently and the kernel continues as normal.  If the
new rule could create a deadlock scenario then this condition is printed out.

When determining validity of locking, all possible "deadlock scenarios" are
considered: assuming arbitrary number of CPUs, arbitrary irq context and task
context constellations, running arbitrary combinations of all the existing
locking scenarios.  In a typical system this means millions of separate
scenarios.  This is why we call it a "locking correctness" validator - for all
rules that are observed the lock validator proves it with mathematical
certainty that a deadlock could not occur (assuming that the lock validator
implementation itself is correct and its internal data structures are not
corrupted by some other kernel subsystem).  [see more details and conditionals
of this statement in include/linux/lockdep.h and
Documentation/lockdep-design.txt]

Furthermore, this "all possible scenarios" property of the validator also
enables the finding of complex, highly unlikely multi-CPU multi-context races
via single single-context rules, increasing the likelyhood of finding bugs
drastically.  In practical terms: the lock validator already found a bug in
the upstream kernel that could only occur on systems with 3 or more CPUs, and
which needed 3 very unlikely code sequences to occur at once on the 3 CPUs.
That bug was found and reported on a single-CPU system (!).  So in essence a
race will be found "piecemail-wise", triggering all the necessary components
for the race, without having to reproduce the race scenario itself!  In its
short existence the lock validator found and reported many bugs before they
actually caused a real deadlock.

To further increase the efficiency of the validator, the mapping is not per
"lock instance", but per "lock-class".  For example, all struct inode objects
in the kernel have inode->inotify_mutex.  If there are 10,000 inodes cached,
then there are 10,000 lock objects.  But ->inotify_mutex is a single "lock
type", and all locking activities that occur against ->inotify_mutex are
"unified" into this single lock-class.  The advantage of the lock-class
approach is that all historical ->inotify_mutex uses are mapped into a single
(and as narrow as possible) set of locking rules - regardless of how many
different tasks or inode structures it took to build this set of rules.  The
set of rules persist during the lifetime of the kernel.

To see the rough magnitude of checking that the lock validator does, here's a
portion of /proc/lockdep_stats, fresh after bootup:

 lock-classes:                            694 [max: 2048]
 direct dependencies:                  1598 [max: 8192]
 indirect dependencies:               17896
 all direct dependencies:             16206
 dependency chains:                    1910 [max: 8192]
 in-hardirq chains:                      17
 in-softirq chains:                     105
 in-process chains:                    1065
 stack-trace entries:                 38761 [max: 131072]
 combined max dependencies:         2033928
 hardirq-safe locks:                     24
 hardirq-unsafe locks:                  176
 softirq-safe locks:                     53
 softirq-unsafe locks:                  137
 irq-safe locks:                         59
 irq-unsafe locks:                      176

The lock validator has observed 1598 actual single-thread locking patterns,
and has validated all possible 2033928 distinct locking scenarios.

More details about the design of the lock validator can be found in
Documentation/lockdep-design.txt, which can also found at:

   http://redhat.com/~mingo/lockdep-patches/lockdep-design.txt

[bunk@stusta.de: cleanups]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-07-03 15:27:03 -07:00