Commit Graph

6054 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Konstantin Khlebnikov 90126375d8 mm/vmscan: push lruvec pointer into get_scan_count()
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:26 -07:00
Konstantin Khlebnikov 1a93be0e7a mm/vmscan: push lruvec pointer into shrink_list()
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:26 -07:00
Konstantin Khlebnikov c56d5c7dfe mm/vmscan: push lruvec pointer into inactive_list_is_low()
Switch mem_cgroup_inactive_anon_is_low() to lruvec pointers,
mem_cgroup_get_lruvec_size() is more effective than
mem_cgroup_zone_nr_lru_pages()

Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:26 -07:00
Konstantin Khlebnikov 074291fea8 mm/vmscan: replace zone_nr_lru_pages() with get_lruvec_size()
If memory cgroup is enabled we always use lruvecs which are embedded into
struct mem_cgroup_per_zone, so we can reach lru_size counters via
container_of().

Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:26 -07:00
Konstantin Khlebnikov 27ac81d85e mm/vmscan: push lruvec pointer into putback_inactive_pages()
As zone_reclaim_stat is now located in the lruvec, we can reach it
directly.

Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:26 -07:00
Konstantin Khlebnikov 95d918fc00 mm/vmscan: remove update_isolated_counts()
update_isolated_counts() is no longer required, because lumpy-reclaim was
removed.  Insanity is over, now there is only one kind of inactive page.

Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:26 -07:00
Konstantin Khlebnikov 6a18adb35c mm/vmscan: push zone pointer into shrink_page_list()
It doesn't need a pointer to the cgroup - pointer to the zone is enough.
This patch also kills the "mz" argument of page_check_references() - it is
unused after "mm: memcg: count pte references from every member of the
reclaimed hierarch"

Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:26 -07:00
Konstantin Khlebnikov 5dc35979e4 mm/vmscan: push lruvec pointer into isolate_lru_pages()
Move the mem_cgroup_zone_lruvec() call from isolate_lru_pages() into
shrink_[in]active_list().  Further patches push it to shrink_zone() step
by step.

Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:26 -07:00
Konstantin Khlebnikov 7f5e86c2cc mm: add link from struct lruvec to struct zone
This is the first stage of struct mem_cgroup_zone removal.  Further
patches replace struct mem_cgroup_zone with a pointer to struct lruvec.

If CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR=n lruvec_zone() is just container_of().

Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:26 -07:00
Konstantin Khlebnikov 9e3b2f8cd3 mm/vmscan: store "priority" in struct scan_control
In memory reclaim some function have too many arguments - "priority" is
one of them.  It can be stored in struct scan_control - we construct them
on the same level.  Instead of an open coded loop we set the initial
sc.priority, and do_try_to_free_pages() decreases it down to zero.

Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:26 -07:00
Konstantin Khlebnikov 3d58ab5c97 mm/memcg: use vm_swappiness from target memory cgroup
Use vm_swappiness from memory cgroup which is triggered this memory
reclaim.  This is more reasonable and allows to kill one argument.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build (patch skew)]
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujtisu.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:26 -07:00
Sha Zhengju 748dad36d6 memcg: make threshold index in the right position
Index current_threshold may point to threshold that just equal to usage
after last call of __mem_cgroup_threshold.  But after registering a new
event, it will change (pointing to threshold just below usage).  So make
it consistent here.

For example:
now:
	threshold array:  3  [5]  7  9   (usage = 6, [index] = 5)

next turn (after calling __mem_cgroup_threshold):
	threshold array:  3   5  [7]  9   (usage = 7, [index] = 7)

after registering a new event (threshold = 10):
	threshold array:  3  [5]  7  9  10 (usage = 7, [index] = 5)

Signed-off-by: Sha Zhengju <handai.szj@taobao.com>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:25 -07:00
Kirill A. Shutemov a0db00fcf5 memcg: remove redundant parentheses
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:25 -07:00
Kirill A. Shutemov 3a7951b4cf memcg: mark stat field of mem_cgroup struct as __percpu
It fixes a lot of sparse warnings.

Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:25 -07:00
Kirill A. Shutemov 92ba39a7ac memcg: remove unused variable
mm/memcontrol.c: In function `mc_handle_file_pte':
mm/memcontrol.c:5206:16: warning: variable `inode' set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]

Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:25 -07:00
Kirill A. Shutemov 6bbda35ce1 memcg: mark more functions/variables as static
Based on sparse output.

Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:25 -07:00
Konstantin Khlebnikov bbf808ed7d mm/memcg: kill mem_cgroup_lru_del()
This patch kills mem_cgroup_lru_del(), we can use
mem_cgroup_lru_del_list() instead.  On 0-order isolation we already have
right lru list id.

Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:25 -07:00
Konstantin Khlebnikov f3fd4a6192 mm: remove lru type checks from __isolate_lru_page()
After patch "mm: forbid lumpy-reclaim in shrink_active_list()" we can
completely remove anon/file and active/inactive lru type filters from
__isolate_lru_page(), because isolation for 0-order reclaim always
isolates pages from right lru list.  And pages-isolation for lumpy
shrink_inactive_list() or memory-compaction anyway allowed to isolate
pages from all evictable lru lists.

Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:25 -07:00
Konstantin Khlebnikov 3cb9945179 mm: push lru index into shrink_[in]active_list()
Let's toss lru index through call stack to isolate_lru_pages(), this is
better than its reconstructing from individual bits.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix kerneldoc, per Minchan]
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:25 -07:00
Hugh Dickins 89abfab133 mm/memcg: move reclaim_stat into lruvec
With mem_cgroup_disabled() now explicit, it becomes clear that the
zone_reclaim_stat structure actually belongs in lruvec, per-zone when
memcg is disabled but per-memcg per-zone when it's enabled.

We can delete mem_cgroup_get_reclaim_stat(), and change
update_page_reclaim_stat() to update just the one set of stats, the one
which get_scan_count() will actually use.

Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:25 -07:00
Hugh Dickins c3c787e8c3 mm/memcg: scanning_global_lru means mem_cgroup_disabled
Although one has to admire the skill with which it has been concealed,
scanning_global_lru(mz) is actually just an interesting way to test
mem_cgroup_disabled().  Too many developer hours have been wasted on
confusing it with global_reclaim(): just use mem_cgroup_disabled().

Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:25 -07:00
Hugh Dickins 86493009d3 memcg swap: use mem_cgroup_uncharge_swap()
That stuff __mem_cgroup_commit_charge_swapin() does with a swap entry, it
has a name and even a declaration: just use mem_cgroup_uncharge_swap().

Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:24 -07:00
Hugh Dickins e91cbb4253 memcg swap: mem_cgroup_move_swap_account never needs fixup
The need_fixup arg to mem_cgroup_move_swap_account() is always false,
so just remove it.

Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:24 -07:00
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki 4b91355e9d memcg: fix/change behavior of shared anon at moving task
This patch changes memcg's behavior at task_move().

At task_move(), the kernel scans a task's page table and move the changes
for mapped pages from source cgroup to target cgroup.  There has been a
bug at handling shared anonymous pages for a long time.

Before patch:
  - The spec says 'shared anonymous pages are not moved.'
  - The implementation was 'shared anonymoys pages may be moved'.
    If page_mapcount <=2, shared anonymous pages's charge were moved.

After patch:
  - The spec says 'all anonymous pages are moved'.
  - The implementation is 'all anonymous pages are moved'.

Considering usage of memcg, this will not affect user's experience.
'shared anonymous' pages only exists between a tree of processes which
don't do exec().  Moving one of process without exec() seems not sane.
For example, libcgroup will not be affected by this change.  (Anyway, no
one noticed the implementation for a long time...)

Below is a discussion log:

 - current spec/implementation are complex
 - Now, shared file caches are moved
 - It adds unclear check as page_mapcount(). To do correct check,
   we should check swap users, etc.
 - No one notice this implementation behavior. So, no one get benefit
   from the design.
 - In general, once task is moved to a cgroup for running, it will not
   be moved....
 - Finally, we have control knob as memory.move_charge_at_immigrate.

Here is a patch to allow moving shared pages, completely. This makes
memcg simpler and fix current broken code.

Suggested-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:24 -07:00
Gavin Shan 181eb39425 mm/memblock: fix memory leak on extending regions
The overall memblock has been organized into the memory regions and
reserved regions.  Initially, the memory regions and reserved regions are
stored in the predetermined arrays of "struct memblock _region".  It's
possible for the arrays to be enlarged when we have newly added regions,
but no free space left there.  The policy here is to create double-sized
array either by slab allocator or memblock allocator.  Unfortunately, we
didn't free the old array, which might be allocated through slab allocator
before.  That would cause memory leak.

The patch introduces 2 variables to trace where (slab or memblock) the
memory and reserved regions come from.  The memory for the memory or
reserved regions will be deallocated by kfree() if that was allocated by
slab allocator.  Thus to fix the memory leak issue.

Signed-off-by: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:24 -07:00
Gavin Shan 4e2f07750d mm/memblock: cleanup on duplicate VA/PA conversion
The overall memblock has been organized into the memory regions and
reserved regions.  Initially, the memory regions and reserved regions are
stored in the predetermined arrays of "struct memblock _region".  It's
possible for the arrays to be enlarged when we have newly added regions
for them, but no enough space there.  Under the situation, We will created
double-sized array to meet the requirement.  However, the original
implementation converted the VA (Virtual Address) of the newly allocated
array of regions to PA (Physical Address), then translate back when we
allocates the new array from slab.  That's actually unnecessary.

The patch removes the duplicate VA/PA conversion.

Signed-off-by: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:24 -07:00
Pravin B Shelar 5bf5f03c27 mm: fix slab->page flags corruption
Transparent huge pages can change page->flags (PG_compound_lock) without
taking Slab lock.  Since THP can not break slab pages we can safely access
compound page without taking compound lock.

Specifically this patch fixes a race between compound_unlock() and slab
functions which perform page-flags updates.  This can occur when
get_page()/put_page() is called on a page from slab.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweak comment text, fix comment layout, fix label indenting]
Reported-by: Amey Bhide <abhide@nicira.com>
Signed-off-by: Pravin B Shelar <pshelar@nicira.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:24 -07:00
KyongHo dbda591d92 mm: fix faulty initialization in vmalloc_init()
The transfer of ->flags causes some of the static mapping virtual
addresses to be prematurely freed (before the mapping is removed) because
VM_LAZY_FREE gets "set" if tmp->flags has VM_IOREMAP set.  This might
cause subsequent vmalloc/ioremap calls to fail because it might allocate
one of the freed virtual address ranges that aren't unmapped.

va->flags has different types of flags from tmp->flags.  If a region with
VM_IOREMAP set is registered with vm_area_add_early(), it will be removed
by __purge_vmap_area_lazy().

Fix vmalloc_init() to correctly initialize vmap_area for the given
vm_struct.

Also initialise va->vm.  If it is not set, find_vm_area() for the early
vm regions will always fail.

Signed-off-by: KyongHo Cho <pullip.cho@samsung.com>
Cc: "Olav Haugan" <ohaugan@codeaurora.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:24 -07:00
David Rientjes a7f638f999 mm, oom: normalize oom scores to oom_score_adj scale only for userspace
The oom_score_adj scale ranges from -1000 to 1000 and represents the
proportion of memory available to the process at allocation time.  This
means an oom_score_adj value of 300, for example, will bias a process as
though it was using an extra 30.0% of available memory and a value of
-350 will discount 35.0% of available memory from its usage.

The oom killer badness heuristic also uses this scale to report the oom
score for each eligible process in determining the "best" process to
kill.  Thus, it can only differentiate each process's memory usage by
0.1% of system RAM.

On large systems, this can end up being a large amount of memory: 256MB
on 256GB systems, for example.

This can be fixed by having the badness heuristic to use the actual
memory usage in scoring threads and then normalizing it to the
oom_score_adj scale for userspace.  This results in better comparison
between eligible threads for kill and no change from the userspace
perspective.

Suggested-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:24 -07:00
Satoru Moriya fe35004fbf mm: avoid swapping out with swappiness==0
Sometimes we'd like to avoid swapping out anonymous memory.  In
particular, avoid swapping out pages of important process or process
groups while there is a reasonable amount of pagecache on RAM so that we
can satisfy our customers' requirements.

OTOH, we can control how aggressive the kernel will swap memory pages with
/proc/sys/vm/swappiness for global and
/sys/fs/cgroup/memory/memory.swappiness for each memcg.

But with current reclaim implementation, the kernel may swap out even if
we set swappiness=0 and there is pagecache in RAM.

This patch changes the behavior with swappiness==0.  If we set
swappiness==0, the kernel does not swap out completely (for global reclaim
until the amount of free pages and filebacked pages in a zone has been
reduced to something very very small (nr_free + nr_filebacked < high
watermark)).

Signed-off-by: Satoru Moriya <satoru.moriya@hds.com>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:24 -07:00
Dave Hansen c50ac05081 hugetlb: fix resv_map leak in error path
When called for anonymous (non-shared) mappings, hugetlb_reserve_pages()
does a resv_map_alloc().  It depends on code in hugetlbfs's
vm_ops->close() to release that allocation.

However, in the mmap() failure path, we do a plain unmap_region() without
the remove_vma() which actually calls vm_ops->close().

This is a decent fix.  This leak could get reintroduced if new code (say,
after hugetlb_reserve_pages() in hugetlbfs_file_mmap()) decides to return
an error.  But, I think it would have to unroll the reservation anyway.

Christoph's test case:

	http://marc.info/?l=linux-mm&m=133728900729735

This patch applies to 3.4 and later.  A version for earlier kernels is at
https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/5/22/418.

Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reported-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Tested-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>	[2.6.32+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:24 -07:00
Gavin Shan 5c2b8a162b mm/bootmem.c: cleanup on addition to bootmem data list
The objects of "struct bootmem_data_t" are linked together to form
double-linked list sequentially based on its minimal page frame number.

The current implementation implicitly supports the following cases,
which means the inserting point for current bootmem data depends on how
"list_for_each" works.  That makes the code a little hard to read.
Besides, "list_for_each" and "list_entry" can be replaced with
"list_for_each_entry".

        - The linked list is empty.
        - There has no entry in the linked list, whose minimal page
          frame number is bigger than current one.

Signed-off-by: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:24 -07:00
Michal Hocko e48982734e mm: consider all swapped back pages in used-once logic
Commit 6457474624 ("vmscan: detect mapped file pages used only once")
made mapped pages have another round in inactive list because they might
be just short lived and so we could consider them again next time.  This
heuristic helps to reduce pressure on the active list with a streaming
IO worklods.

This patch fixes a regression introduced by this commit for heavy shmem
based workloads because unlike Anon pages, which are excluded from this
heuristic because they are usually long lived, shmem pages are handled
as a regular page cache.

This doesn't work quite well, unfortunately, if the workload is mostly
backed by shmem (in memory database sitting on 80% of memory) with a
streaming IO in the background (backup - up to 20% of memory).  Anon
inactive list is full of (dirty) shmem pages when watermarks are hit.
Shmem pages are kept in the inactive list (they are referenced) in the
first round and it is hard to reclaim anything else so we reach lower
scanning priorities very quickly which leads to an excessive swap out.

Let's fix this by excluding all swap backed pages (they tend to be long
lived wrt.  the regular page cache anyway) from used-once heuristic and
rather activate them if they are referenced.

The customer's workload is shmem backed database (80% of RAM) and they
are measuring transactions/s with an IO in the background (20%).
Transactions touch more or less random rows in the table.  The
transaction rate fell by a factor of 3 (in the worst case) because of
commit 64574746.  This patch restores the previous numbers.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>	[2.6.34+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:23 -07:00
Andrew Morton 51300cef41 mm/page_alloc.c: cleanups
- make pageflag_names[] const

- remove null termination of pageflag_names[]

Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:23 -07:00
Johannes Weiner acc50c110c mm: page_alloc: catch out-of-date list of page flag names
String tables with names of enum items are always prone to go out of
sync with the enums themselves.  Ensure during compile time that the
name table of page flags has the same size as the page flags enum.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:23 -07:00
Gavin Shan be9cd873e2 mm/buddy: dump PG_compound_lock page flag
The array pageflag_names[] does conversion from page flags into their
corresponding names so that a meaningful representation of the
corresponding page flag can be printed.  This mechanism is used while
dumping page frames.  However, the array missed PG_compound_lock.  So
the PG_compound_lock page flag would be printed as a digital number
instead of a meaningful string.

The patch fixes that and prints "compound_lock" for the PG_compound_lock
page flag.

Signed-off-by: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:23 -07:00
Cong Wang 782182e53a mm: move readahead syscall to mm/readahead.c
It is better to define readahead(2) in mm/readahead.c than in
mm/filemap.c.

Signed-off-by: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:23 -07:00
Hugh Dickins 4fb5ef089b tmpfs: support SEEK_DATA and SEEK_HOLE
It's quite easy for tmpfs to scan the radix_tree to support llseek's new
SEEK_DATA and SEEK_HOLE options: so add them while the minutiae are still
on my mind (in particular, the !PageUptodate-ness of pages fallocated but
still unwritten).

But I don't know who actually uses SEEK_DATA or SEEK_HOLE, and whether it
would be of any use to them on tmpfs.  This code adds 92 lines and 752
bytes on x86_64 - is that bloat or worthwhile?

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix warning with CONFIG_TMPFS=n]
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Andreas Dilger <adilger@dilger.ca>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Marco Stornelli <marco.stornelli@gmail.com>
Cc: Jeff liu <jeff.liu@oracle.com>
Cc: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Cc: Sunil Mushran <sunil.mushran@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:23 -07:00
Hugh Dickins 1aac140031 tmpfs: quit when fallocate fills memory
As it stands, a large fallocate() on tmpfs is liable to fill memory with
pages, freed on failure except when they run into swap, at which point
they become fixed into the file despite the failure.  That feels quite
wrong, to be consuming resources precisely when they're in short supply.

Go the other way instead: shmem_fallocate() indicate the range it has
fallocated to shmem_writepage(), keeping count of pages it's allocating;
shmem_writepage() reactivate instead of swapping out pages fallocated by
this syscall (but happily swap out those from earlier occasions), keeping
count; shmem_fallocate() compare counts and give up once the reactivated
pages have started to coming back to writepage (approximately: some zones
would in fact recycle faster than others).

This is a little unusual, but works well: although we could consider the
failure to swap as a bug, and fix it later with SWAP_MAP_FALLOC handling
added in swapfile.c and memcontrol.c, I doubt that we shall ever want to.

(If there's no swap, an over-large fallocate() on tmpfs is limited in the
same way as writing: stopped by rlimit, or by tmpfs mount size if that was
set sensibly, or by __vm_enough_memory() heuristics if OVERCOMMIT_GUESS or
OVERCOMMIT_NEVER.  If OVERCOMMIT_ALWAYS, then it is liable to OOM-kill
others as writing would, but stops and frees if interrupted.)

Now that everything is freed on failure, we can then skip updating ctime.

Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Cong Wang <amwang@redhat.com>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:23 -07:00
Hugh Dickins 1635f6a741 tmpfs: undo fallocation on failure
In the previous episode, we left the already-fallocated pages attached to
the file when shmem_fallocate() fails part way through.

Now try to do better, by extending the earlier optimization of !Uptodate
pages (then always under page lock) to !Uptodate pages (outside of page
lock), representing fallocated pages.  And don't waste time clearing them
at the time of fallocate(), leave that until later if necessary.

Adapt shmem_truncate_range() to shmem_undo_range(), so that a failing
fallocate can recognize and remove precisely those !Uptodate allocations
which it added (and were not independently allocated by racing tasks).

But unless we start playing with swapfile.c and memcontrol.c too, once one
of our fallocated pages reaches shmem_writepage(), we do then have to
instantiate it as an ordinarily allocated page, before swapping out.  This
is unsatisfactory, but improved in the next episode.

Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Cong Wang <amwang@redhat.com>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:23 -07:00
Hugh Dickins e2d12e22c5 tmpfs: support fallocate preallocation
The systemd plumbers expressed a wish that tmpfs support preallocation.
Cong Wang wrote a patch, but several kernel guys expressed scepticism:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2011/11/18/137

Christoph Hellwig: What for exactly? Please explain why preallocating on
tmpfs would make any sense.

Kay Sievers: To be able to safely use mmap(), regarding SIGBUS, on files
on the /dev/shm filesystem.  The glibc fallback loop for -ENOSYS [or
-EOPNOTSUPP] on fallocate is just ugly.

Hugh Dickins: If tmpfs is going to support
fallocate(FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE), it would seem perverse to permit the
deallocation but fail the allocation.  Christoph Hellwig: Agreed.

Now that we do have shmem_fallocate() for hole-punching, plumb in basic
support for preallocation mode too.  It's fairly straightforward (though
quite a few details needed attention), except for when it fails part way
through.  What a pity that fallocate(2) was not specified to return the
length allocated, permitting short fallocations!

As it is, when it fails part way through, we ought to free what has just
been allocated by this system call; but must be very sure not to free any
allocated earlier, or any allocated by racing accesses (not all excluded
by i_mutex).

But we cannot distinguish them: so in this patch simply leak allocations
on partial failure (they will be freed later if the file is removed).

An attractive alternative approach would have been for fallocate() not to
allocate pages at all, but note reservations by entries in the radix-tree.
 But that would give less assurance, and, critically, would be hard to fit
with mem cgroups (who owns the reservations?): allocating pages lets
fallocate() behave in just the same way as write().

Based-on-patch-by: Cong Wang <amwang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Cong Wang <amwang@redhat.com>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:23 -07:00
Hugh Dickins 17cf28afea mm/fs: remove truncate_range
Remove vmtruncate_range(), and remove the truncate_range method from
struct inode_operations: only tmpfs ever supported it, and tmpfs has now
converted over to using the fallocate method of file_operations.

Update Documentation accordingly, adding (setlease and) fallocate lines.
And while we're in mm.h, remove duplicate declarations of shmem_lock() and
shmem_file_setup(): everyone is now using the ones in shmem_fs.h.

Based-on-patch-by: Cong Wang <amwang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Cong Wang <amwang@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:23 -07:00
Hugh Dickins 3f31d07571 mm/fs: route MADV_REMOVE to FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE
Now tmpfs supports hole-punching via fallocate(), switch madvise_remove()
to use do_fallocate() instead of vmtruncate_range(): which extends
madvise(,,MADV_REMOVE) support from tmpfs to ext4, ocfs2 and xfs.

There is one more user of vmtruncate_range() in our tree,
staging/android's ashmem_shrink(): convert it to use do_fallocate() too
(but if its unpinned areas are already unmapped - I don't know - then it
would do better to use shmem_truncate_range() directly).

Based-on-patch-by: Cong Wang <amwang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Andreas Dilger <adilger@dilger.ca>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:22 -07:00
Hugh Dickins 83e4fa9c16 tmpfs: support fallocate FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE
tmpfs has supported hole-punching since 2.6.16, via
madvise(,,MADV_REMOVE).

But nowadays fallocate(,FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE|FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE,,) is
the agreed way to punch holes.

So add shmem_fallocate() to support that, and tweak shmem_truncate_range()
to support partial pages at both the beginning and end of range (never
needed for madvise, which demands rounded addr and rounds up length).

Based-on-patch-by: Cong Wang <amwang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Cong Wang <amwang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:22 -07:00
Hugh Dickins ec9516fbc5 tmpfs: optimize clearing when writing
Nick proposed years ago that tmpfs should avoid clearing its pages where
write will overwrite them with new data, as ramfs has long done.  But I
messed it up and just got bad data.  Tried again recently, it works
fine.

Here's time output for writing 4GiB 16 times on this Core i5 laptop:

before: real	0m21.169s user	0m0.028s sys	0m21.057s
        real	0m21.382s user	0m0.016s sys	0m21.289s
        real	0m21.311s user	0m0.020s sys	0m21.217s

after:  real	0m18.273s user	0m0.032s sys	0m18.165s
        real	0m18.354s user	0m0.020s sys	0m18.265s
        real	0m18.440s user	0m0.032s sys	0m18.337s

ramfs:  real	0m16.860s user	0m0.028s sys	0m16.765s
        real	0m17.382s user	0m0.040s sys	0m17.273s
        real	0m17.133s user	0m0.044s sys	0m17.021s

Yes, I have done perf reports, but they need more explanation than they
deserve: in summary, clear_page vanishes, its cache loading shifts into
copy_user_generic_unrolled; shmem_getpage_gfp goes down, and
surprisingly mark_page_accessed goes way up - I think because they are
respectively where the cache gets to be reloaded after being purged by
clear or copy.

Suggested-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:22 -07:00
Hugh Dickins 2f6e38f3cd tmpfs: enable NOSEC optimization
Let tmpfs into the NOSEC optimization (avoiding file_remove_suid()
overhead on most common writes): set MS_NOSEC on its superblocks.

Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:22 -07:00
Hugh Dickins bde05d1ccd shmem: replace page if mapping excludes its zone
The GMA500 GPU driver uses GEM shmem objects, but with a new twist: the
backing RAM has to be below 4GB.  Not a problem while the boards
supported only 4GB: but now Intel's D2700MUD boards support 8GB, and
their GMA3600 is managed by the GMA500 driver.

shmem/tmpfs has never pretended to support hardware restrictions on the
backing memory, but it might have appeared to do so before v3.1, and
even now it works fine until a page is swapped out then back in.  When
read_cache_page_gfp() supplied a freshly allocated page for copy, that
compensated for whatever choice might have been made by earlier swapin
readahead; but swapoff was likely to destroy the illusion.

We'd like to continue to support GMA500, so now add a new
shmem_should_replace_page() check on the zone when about to move a page
from swapcache to filecache (in swapin and swapoff cases), with
shmem_replace_page() to allocate and substitute a suitable page (given
gma500/gem.c's mapping_set_gfp_mask GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_DMA32).

This does involve a minor extension to mem_cgroup_replace_page_cache()
(the page may or may not have already been charged); and I've removed a
comment and call to mem_cgroup_uncharge_cache_page(), which in fact is
always a no-op while PageSwapCache.

Also removed optimization of an unlikely path in shmem_getpage_gfp(),
now that we need to check PageSwapCache more carefully (a racing caller
might already have made the copy).  And at one point shmem_unuse_inode()
needs to use the hitherto private page_swapcount(), to guard against
racing with inode eviction.

It would make sense to extend shmem_should_replace_page(), to cover
cpuset and NUMA mempolicy restrictions too, but set that aside for now:
needs a cleanup of shmem mempolicy handling, and more testing, and ought
to handle swap faults in do_swap_page() as well as shmem.

Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Cc: Stephane Marchesin <marcheu@chromium.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Dave Airlie <airlied@gmail.com>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel@ffwll.ch>
Cc: Rob Clark <rob.clark@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:22 -07:00
Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz 5ceb9ce6fe mm: compaction: handle incorrect MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE type pageblocks
When MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE pages are freed from MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE type
pageblock (and some MIGRATE_MOVABLE pages are left in it) waiting until an
allocation takes ownership of the block may take too long.  The type of
the pageblock remains unchanged so the pageblock cannot be used as a
migration target during compaction.

Fix it by:

* Adding enum compact_mode (COMPACT_ASYNC_[MOVABLE,UNMOVABLE], and
  COMPACT_SYNC) and then converting sync field in struct compact_control
  to use it.

* Adding nr_pageblocks_skipped field to struct compact_control and
  tracking how many destination pageblocks were of MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE type.
   If COMPACT_ASYNC_MOVABLE mode compaction ran fully in
  try_to_compact_pages() (COMPACT_COMPLETE) it implies that there is not a
  suitable page for allocation.  In this case then check how if there were
  enough MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE pageblocks to try a second pass in
  COMPACT_ASYNC_UNMOVABLE mode.

* Scanning the MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE pageblocks (during COMPACT_SYNC and
  COMPACT_ASYNC_UNMOVABLE compaction modes) and building a count based on
  finding PageBuddy pages, page_count(page) == 0 or PageLRU pages.  If all
  pages within the MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE pageblock are in one of those three
  sets change the whole pageblock type to MIGRATE_MOVABLE.

My particular test case (on a ARM EXYNOS4 device with 512 MiB, which means
131072 standard 4KiB pages in 'Normal' zone) is to:

- allocate 120000 pages for kernel's usage
- free every second page (60000 pages) of memory just allocated
- allocate and use 60000 pages from user space
- free remaining 60000 pages of kernel memory
  (now we have fragmented memory occupied mostly by user space pages)
- try to allocate 100 order-9 (2048 KiB) pages for kernel's usage

The results:
- with compaction disabled I get 11 successful allocations
- with compaction enabled - 14 successful allocations
- with this patch I'm able to get all 100 successful allocations

NOTE: If we can make kswapd aware of order-0 request during compaction, we
can enhance kswapd with changing mode to COMPACT_ASYNC_FULL
(COMPACT_ASYNC_MOVABLE + COMPACT_ASYNC_UNMOVABLE).  Please see the
following thread:

	http://marc.info/?l=linux-mm&m=133552069417068&w=2

[minchan@kernel.org: minor cleanups]
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <b.zolnierkie@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:22 -07:00
Johannes Weiner 238305bb4d mm: remove sparsemem allocation details from the bootmem allocator
alloc_bootmem_section() derives allocation area constraints from the
specified sparsemem section.  This is a bit specific for a generic memory
allocator like bootmem, though, so move it over to sparsemem.

As __alloc_bootmem_node_nopanic() already retries failed allocations with
relaxed area constraints, the fallback code in sparsemem.c can be removed
and the code becomes a bit more compact overall.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:22 -07:00
Johannes Weiner e9079911e6 mm: bootmem: pass pgdat instead of pgdat->bdata down the stack
Pass down the node descriptor instead of the more specific bootmem node
descriptor down the call stack, like nobootmem does, when there is no good
reason for the two to be different.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:22 -07:00
Johannes Weiner ba53986833 mm: nobootmem: unify allocation policy of (non-)panicking node allocations
While the panicking node-specific allocation function tries to satisfy
node+goal, goal, node, anywhere, the non-panicking function still does
node+goal, goal, anywhere.

Make it simpler: define the panicking version in terms of the non-panicking
one, like the node-agnostic interface, so they always behave the same way
apart from how to deal with allocation failure.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:22 -07:00
Johannes Weiner 2c478eae96 mm: nobootmem: panic on node-specific allocation failure
__alloc_bootmem_node and __alloc_bootmem_low_node documentation claims
the functions panic on allocation failure.  Do it.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:22 -07:00
Johannes Weiner 421456edd2 mm: bootmem: unify allocation policy of (non-)panicking node allocations
While the panicking node-specific allocation function tries to satisfy
node+goal, goal, node, anywhere, the non-panicking function still does
node+goal, goal, anywhere.

Make it simpler: define the panicking version in terms of the
non-panicking one, like the node-agnostic interface, so they always behave
the same way apart from how to deal with allocation failure.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:22 -07:00
Johannes Weiner ab38184322 mm: bootmem: allocate in order node+goal, goal, node, anywhere
Match the nobootmem version of __alloc_bootmem_node.  Try to satisfy both
the node and the goal, then just the goal, then just the node, then
allocate anywhere before panicking.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:21 -07:00
Johannes Weiner c12ab504aa mm: bootmem: split out goal-to-node mapping from goal dropping
Matching the desired goal to the right node is one thing, dropping the
goal when it can not be satisfied is another.  Split this into separate
functions so that subsequent patches can use the node-finding but drop and
handle the goal fallback on their own terms.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:21 -07:00
Johannes Weiner c6785b6bf1 mm: bootmem: rename alloc_bootmem_core to alloc_bootmem_bdata
Callsites need to provide a bootmem_data_t *, make the naming more
descriptive.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:21 -07:00
Johannes Weiner 549381e19c mm: bootmem: remove redundant offset check when finally freeing bootmem
When bootmem releases an unaligned BITS_PER_LONG pages chunk of memory
to the page allocator, it checks the bitmap if there are still
unreserved pages in the chunk (set bits), but also if the offset in the
chunk indicates BITS_PER_LONG loop iterations already.

But since the consulted bitmap is only a one-word-excerpt of the full
per-node bitmap, there can not be more than BITS_PER_LONG bits set in
it.  The additional offset check is unnecessary.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:21 -07:00
Gavin Shan 6dccdcbe2c mm: bootmem: fix checking the bitmap when finally freeing bootmem
When bootmem releases an unaligned chunk of memory at the beginning of a
node to the page allocator, it iterates from that unaligned PFN but
checks an aligned word of the page bitmap.  The checked bits do not
correspond to the PFNs and, as a result, reserved pages can be freed.

Properly shift the bitmap word so that the lowest bit corresponds to the
starting PFN before entering the freeing loop.

This bug has been around since commit 41546c1741 ("bootmem: clean up
free_all_bootmem_core") (2.6.27) without known reports.

Signed-off-by: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:21 -07:00
Andrew Morton 955c1cd740 mm/page_alloc.c: remove pageblock_default_order()
This has always been broken: one version takes an unsigned int and the
other version takes no arguments.  This bug was hidden because one
version of set_pageblock_order() was a macro which doesn't evaluate its
argument.

Simplify it all and remove pageblock_default_order() altogether.

Reported-by: rajman mekaco <rajman.mekaco@gmail.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:21 -07:00
Bjorn Helgaas a62e2f4f50 mm: print physical addresses consistently with other parts of kernel
Print physical address info in a style consistent with the %pR style used
elsewhere in the kernel.  For example:

    -Zone PFN ranges:
    +Zone ranges:
    -  DMA32    0x00000010 -> 0x00100000
    +  DMA32    [mem 0x00010000-0xffffffff]
    -  Normal   0x00100000 -> 0x01080000
    +  Normal   [mem 0x100000000-0x107fffffff]

Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:21 -07:00
Christopher Yeoh 5febcbe99d Cross Memory Attach: make it Kconfigurable
Add a Kconfig option to allow people who don't want cross memory attach to
not have it included in their build.

Signed-off-by: Chris Yeoh <yeohc@au1.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:20 -07:00
David Rientjes 6f60b69d8c mm, thp: drop page_table_lock to uncharge memcg pages
mm->page_table_lock is hotly contested for page fault tests and isn't
necessary to do mem_cgroup_uncharge_page() in do_huge_pmd_wp_page().

Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:20 -07:00
Ying Han 096a7cf447 mm: rename is_mlocked_vma() to mlocked_vma_newpage()
Andrew pointed out that the is_mlocked_vma() is misnamed.  A function
with name like that would expect bool return and no side-effects.

Since it is called on the fault path for new page, rename it in this
patch.

Signed-off-by: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujtisu.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/mlock_vma_newpage/mlock_vma_newpage/, per Minchan]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:20 -07:00
Johannes Weiner c3ac9a8ade mm: memcg: count pte references from every member of the reclaimed hierarchy
The rmap walker checking page table references has historically ignored
references from VMAs that were not part of the memcg that was being
reclaimed during memcg hard limit reclaim.

When transitioning global reclaim to memcg hierarchy reclaim, I missed
that bit and now references from outside a memcg are ignored even during
global reclaim.

Reverting back to traditional behaviour - count all references during
global reclaim and only mind references of the memcg being reclaimed
during limit reclaim would be one option.

However, the more generic idea is to ignore references exactly then when
they are outside the hierarchy that is currently under reclaim; because
only then will their reclamation be of any use to help the pressure
situation.  It makes no sense to ignore references from a sibling memcg
and then evict a page that will be immediately refaulted by that sibling
which contributes to the same usage of the common ancestor under
reclaim.

The solution: make the rmap walker ignore references from VMAs that are
not part of the hierarchy that is being reclaimed.

Flat limit reclaim will stay the same, hierarchical limit reclaim will
mind the references only to pages that the hierarchy owns.  Global
reclaim, since it reclaims from all memcgs, will be fixed to regard all
references.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: name the args in the declaration]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reported-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov<khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:20 -07:00
Johannes Weiner 91c63734f6 kernel: cgroup: push rcu read locking from css_is_ancestor() to callsite
Library functions should not grab locks when the callsites can do it,
even if the lock nests like the rcu read-side lock does.

Push the rcu_read_lock() from css_is_ancestor() to its single user,
mem_cgroup_same_or_subtree() in preparation for another user that may
already hold the rcu read-side lock.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:20 -07:00
Andrew Morton 0ce72d4f73 mm: do_migrate_pages(): rename arguments
s/from_nodes/from and s/to_nodes/to/.  The "_nodes" is redundant - it
duplicates the argument's type.

Done in a fit of irritation over 80-col issues :(

Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <mkosaki@redhat.com>
Cc: Larry Woodman <lwoodman@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:20 -07:00
Larry Woodman 4a5b18cc19 mm: do_migrate_pages() calls migrate_to_node() even if task is already on a correct node
While running an application that moves tasks from one cpuset to another
I noticed that it takes much longer and moves many more pages than
expected.

The reason for this is do_migrate_pages() does its best to preserve the
relative node differential from the first node of the cpuset because the
application may have been written with that in mind.  If memory was
interleaved on the nodes of the source cpuset by an application
do_migrate_pages() will try its best to maintain that interleaving on
the nodes of the destination cpuset.  This means copying the memory from
all source nodes to the destination nodes even if the source and
destination nodes overlap.

This is a problem for userspace NUMA placement tools.  The amount of
time spent doing extra memory moves cancels out some of the NUMA
performance improvements.  Furthermore, if the number of source and
destination nodes are to maintain the previous interleaving layout
anyway.

This patch changes do_migrate_pages() to only preserve the relative
layout inside the program if the number of NUMA nodes in the source and
destination mask are the same.  If the number is different, we do a much
more efficient migration by not touching memory that is in an allowed
node.

This preserves the old behaviour for programs that want it, while
allowing a userspace NUMA placement tool to use the new, faster
migration.  This improves performance in our tests by up to a factor of
7.

Without this change migrating tasks from a cpuset containing nodes 0-7
to a cpuset containing nodes 3-4, we migrate from ALL the nodes even if
they are in the both the source and destination nodesets:

   Migrating 7 to 4
   Migrating 6 to 3
   Migrating 5 to 4
   Migrating 4 to 3
   Migrating 1 to 4
   Migrating 3 to 4
   Migrating 0 to 3
   Migrating 2 to 3

With this change we only migrate from nodes that are not in the
destination nodesets:

   Migrating 7 to 4
   Migrating 6 to 3
   Migrating 5 to 4
   Migrating 2 to 3
   Migrating 1 to 4
   Migrating 0 to 3

Yet if we move from a cpuset containing nodes 2,3,4 to a cpuset
containing 3,4,5 we still do move everything so that we preserve the
desired NUMA offsets:

   Migrating 4 to 5
   Migrating 3 to 4
   Migrating 2 to 3

As far as performance is concerned this simple patch improves the time
it takes to move 14, 20 and 26 large tasks from a cpuset containing
nodes 0-7 to a cpuset containing nodes 1 & 3 by up to a factor of 7.
Here are the timings with and without the patch:

BEFORE PATCH -- Move times: 59, 140, 651 seconds
============

  Moving 14 tasks from nodes (0-7) to nodes (1,3)
  numad(8780) do_migrate_pages (mm=0xffff88081d414400
  from_nodes=0xffff880818c81d28 to_nodes=0xffff880818c81ce8 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d414400 source=0x7 dest=0x3 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d414400 source=0x6 dest=0x1 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d414400 source=0x5 dest=0x3 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d414400 source=0x4 dest=0x1 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d414400 source=0x2 dest=0x1 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d414400 source=0x1 dest=0x3 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d414400 source=0x0 dest=0x1 flags=0x4)
  (Above moves repeated for each of the 14 tasks...)
  PID 8890 moved to node(s) 1,3 in 59.2 seconds

  Moving 20 tasks from nodes (0-7) to nodes (1,4-5)
  numad(8780) do_migrate_pages (mm=0xffff88081d88c700
  from_nodes=0xffff880818c81d28 to_nodes=0xffff880818c81ce8 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d88c700 source=0x7 dest=0x4 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d88c700 source=0x6 dest=0x1 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d88c700 source=0x3 dest=0x1 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d88c700 source=0x2 dest=0x5 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d88c700 source=0x1 dest=0x4 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d88c700 source=0x0 dest=0x1 flags=0x4)
  (Above moves repeated for each of the 20 tasks...)
  PID 8962 moved to node(s) 1,4-5 in 139.88 seconds

  Moving 26 tasks from nodes (0-7) to nodes (1-3,5)
  numad(8780) do_migrate_pages (mm=0xffff88081d5bc740
  from_nodes=0xffff880818c81d28 to_nodes=0xffff880818c81ce8 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d5bc740 source=0x7 dest=0x5 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d5bc740 source=0x6 dest=0x3 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d5bc740 source=0x5 dest=0x2 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d5bc740 source=0x3 dest=0x5 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d5bc740 source=0x2 dest=0x3 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d5bc740 source=0x1 dest=0x2 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d5bc740 source=0x0 dest=0x1 flags=0x4)
  numad(8780) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88081d5bc740 source=0x4 dest=0x1 flags=0x4)
  (Above moves repeated for each of the 26 tasks...)
  PID 9058 moved to node(s) 1-3,5 in 651.45 seconds

AFTER PATCH -- Move times: 42, 56, 93 seconds
===========

  Moving 14 tasks from nodes (0-7) to nodes (5,7)
  numad(33209) do_migrate_pages (mm=0xffff88101d5ff140
  from_nodes=0xffff88101e7b5d28 to_nodes=0xffff88101e7b5ce8 flags=0x4)
  numad(33209) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88101d5ff140 source=0x6 dest=0x5 flags=0x4)
  numad(33209) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88101d5ff140 source=0x4 dest=0x5 flags=0x4)
  numad(33209) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88101d5ff140 source=0x3 dest=0x7 flags=0x4)
  numad(33209) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88101d5ff140 source=0x2 dest=0x5 flags=0x4)
  numad(33209) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88101d5ff140 source=0x1 dest=0x7 flags=0x4)
  numad(33209) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88101d5ff140 source=0x0 dest=0x5 flags=0x4)
  (Above moves repeated for each of the 14 tasks...)
  PID 33221 moved to node(s) 5,7 in 41.67 seconds

  Moving 20 tasks from nodes (0-7) to nodes (1,3,5)
  numad(33209) do_migrate_pages (mm=0xffff88101d6c37c0
  from_nodes=0xffff88101e7b5d28 to_nodes=0xffff88101e7b5ce8 flags=0x4)
  numad(33209) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88101d6c37c0 source=0x7 dest=0x3 flags=0x4)
  numad(33209) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88101d6c37c0 source=0x6 dest=0x1 flags=0x4)
  numad(33209) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88101d6c37c0 source=0x4 dest=0x3 flags=0x4)
  numad(33209) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88101d6c37c0 source=0x2 dest=0x5 flags=0x4)
  numad(33209) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88101d6c37c0 source=0x0 dest=0x1 flags=0x4)
  (Above moves repeated for each of the 20 tasks...)
  PID 33289 moved to node(s) 1,3,5 in 56.3 seconds

  Moving 26 tasks from nodes (0-7) to nodes (1,3,5,7)
  numad(33209) do_migrate_pages (mm=0xffff88101d924400
  from_nodes=0xffff88101e7b5d28 to_nodes=0xffff88101e7b5ce8 flags=0x4)
  numad(33209) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88101d924400 source=0x6 dest=0x5 flags=0x4)
  numad(33209) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88101d924400 source=0x4 dest=0x1 flags=0x4)
  numad(33209) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88101d924400 source=0x2 dest=0x5 flags=0x4)
  numad(33209) migrate_to_node (mm=0xffff88101d924400 source=0x0 dest=0x1 flags=0x4)
  (Above moves repeated for each of the 26 tasks...)
  PID 33372 moved to node(s) 1,3,5,7 in 92.67 seconds

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: clean up comment layout]
Signed-off-by: Larry Woodman <lwoodman@redhat.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:20 -07:00
David Rientjes 1f1d06c34f thp, memcg: split hugepage for memcg oom on cow
On COW, a new hugepage is allocated and charged to the memcg.  If the
system is oom or the charge to the memcg fails, however, the fault
handler will return VM_FAULT_OOM which results in an oom kill.

Instead, it's possible to fallback to splitting the hugepage so that the
COW results only in an order-0 page being allocated and charged to the
memcg which has a higher liklihood to succeed.  This is expensive
because the hugepage must be split in the page fault handler, but it is
much better than unnecessarily oom killing a process.

Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:19 -07:00
Sasikantha babu bde8bd8a1d mm/vmstat.c: remove debug fs entries on failure of file creation and made extfrag_debug_root dentry local
Remove debug fs files and directory on failure.  Since no one is using
"extfrag_debug_root" dentry outside of extfrag_debug_init(), make it
local to the function.

Signed-off-by: Sasikantha babu <sasikanth.v19@gmail.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:19 -07:00
Rajman Mekaco 841e31e5cc mm/mmap.c: find_vma(): remove unnecessary if(mm) check
The "if (mm)" check is not required in find_vma, as the kernel code
calls find_vma only when it is absolutely sure that the mm_struct arg to
it is non-NULL.

Remove the if(mm) check and adding the a WARN_ONCE(!mm) for now.  This
will serve the purpose of mandating that the execution
context(user-mode/kernel-mode) be known before find_vma is called.  Also
fixed 2 checkpatch.pl errors in the declaration of the rb_node and
vma_tmp local variables.

I was browsing through the internet and read a discussion at
https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/3/27/342 which discusses removal of the
validation check within find_vma.  Since no-one responded, I decided to
send this patch with Andrew's suggestions.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add remove-me comment]
Signed-off-by: Rajman Mekaco <rajman.mekaco@gmail.com>
Cc: Kautuk Consul <consul.kautuk@gmail.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:19 -07:00
Thomas Meyer 4d67d86053 mm: use kcalloc() instead of kzalloc() to allocate array
The advantage of kcalloc is, that will prevent integer overflows which
could result from the multiplication of number of elements and size and
it is also a bit nicer to read.

The semantic patch that makes this change is available in
https://lkml.org/lkml/2011/11/25/107

Signed-off-by: Thomas Meyer <thomas@m3y3r.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:19 -07:00
Mel Gorman 23b9da55c5 mm: vmscan: remove reclaim_mode_t
There is little motiviation for reclaim_mode_t once RECLAIM_MODE_[A]SYNC
and lumpy reclaim have been removed.  This patch gets rid of
reclaim_mode_t as well and improves the documentation about what
reclaim/compaction is and when it is triggered.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:19 -07:00
Mel Gorman 41ac1999c3 mm: vmscan: do not stall on writeback during memory compaction
This patch stops reclaim/compaction entering sync reclaim as this was
only intended for lumpy reclaim and an oversight.  Page migration has
its own logic for stalling on writeback pages if necessary and memory
compaction is already using it.

Waiting on page writeback is bad for a number of reasons but the primary
one is that waiting on writeback to a slow device like USB can take a
considerable length of time.  Page reclaim instead uses
wait_iff_congested() to throttle if too many dirty pages are being
scanned.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:19 -07:00
Mel Gorman c53919adc0 mm: vmscan: remove lumpy reclaim
This series removes lumpy reclaim and some stalling logic that was
unintentionally being used by memory compaction.  The end result is that
stalling on dirty pages during page reclaim now depends on
wait_iff_congested().

Four kernels were compared

  3.3.0     vanilla
  3.4.0-rc2 vanilla
  3.4.0-rc2 lumpyremove-v2 is patch one from this series
  3.4.0-rc2 nosync-v2r3 is the full series

Removing lumpy reclaim saves almost 900 bytes of text whereas the full
series removes 1200 bytes.

     text     data      bss       dec     hex  filename
  6740375  1927944  2260992  10929311  a6c49f  vmlinux-3.4.0-rc2-vanilla
  6739479  1927944  2260992  10928415  a6c11f  vmlinux-3.4.0-rc2-lumpyremove-v2
  6739159  1927944  2260992  10928095  a6bfdf  vmlinux-3.4.0-rc2-nosync-v2

There are behaviour changes in the series and so tests were run with
monitoring of ftrace events.  This disrupts results so the performance
results are distorted but the new behaviour should be clearer.

fs-mark running in a threaded configuration showed little of interest as
it did not push reclaim aggressively

  FS-Mark Multi Threaded
                          3.3.0-vanilla       rc2-vanilla       lumpyremove-v2r3       nosync-v2r3
  Files/s  min           3.20 ( 0.00%)        3.20 ( 0.00%)        3.20 ( 0.00%)        3.20 ( 0.00%)
  Files/s  mean          3.20 ( 0.00%)        3.20 ( 0.00%)        3.20 ( 0.00%)        3.20 ( 0.00%)
  Files/s  stddev        0.00 ( 0.00%)        0.00 ( 0.00%)        0.00 ( 0.00%)        0.00 ( 0.00%)
  Files/s  max           3.20 ( 0.00%)        3.20 ( 0.00%)        3.20 ( 0.00%)        3.20 ( 0.00%)
  Overhead min      508667.00 ( 0.00%)   521350.00 (-2.49%)   544292.00 (-7.00%)   547168.00 (-7.57%)
  Overhead mean     551185.00 ( 0.00%)   652690.73 (-18.42%)   991208.40 (-79.83%)   570130.53 (-3.44%)
  Overhead stddev    18200.69 ( 0.00%)   331958.29 (-1723.88%)  1579579.43 (-8578.68%)     9576.81 (47.38%)
  Overhead max      576775.00 ( 0.00%)  1846634.00 (-220.17%)  6901055.00 (-1096.49%)   585675.00 (-1.54%)
  MMTests Statistics: duration
  Sys Time Running Test (seconds)             309.90    300.95    307.33    298.95
  User+Sys Time Running Test (seconds)        319.32    309.67    315.69    307.51
  Total Elapsed Time (seconds)               1187.85   1193.09   1191.98   1193.73

  MMTests Statistics: vmstat
  Page Ins                                       80532       82212       81420       79480
  Page Outs                                  111434984   111456240   111437376   111582628
  Swap Ins                                           0           0           0           0
  Swap Outs                                          0           0           0           0
  Direct pages scanned                           44881       27889       27453       34843
  Kswapd pages scanned                        25841428    25860774    25861233    25843212
  Kswapd pages reclaimed                      25841393    25860741    25861199    25843179
  Direct pages reclaimed                         44881       27889       27453       34843
  Kswapd efficiency                                99%         99%         99%         99%
  Kswapd velocity                            21754.791   21675.460   21696.029   21649.127
  Direct efficiency                               100%        100%        100%        100%
  Direct velocity                               37.783      23.375      23.031      29.188
  Percentage direct scans                           0%          0%          0%          0%

ftrace showed that there was no stalling on writeback or pages submitted
for IO from reclaim context.

postmark was similar and while it was more interesting, it also did not
push reclaim heavily.

  POSTMARK
                                       3.3.0-vanilla       rc2-vanilla  lumpyremove-v2r3       nosync-v2r3
  Transactions per second:               16.00 ( 0.00%)    20.00 (25.00%)    18.00 (12.50%)    17.00 ( 6.25%)
  Data megabytes read per second:        18.80 ( 0.00%)    24.27 (29.10%)    22.26 (18.40%)    20.54 ( 9.26%)
  Data megabytes written per second:     35.83 ( 0.00%)    46.25 (29.08%)    42.42 (18.39%)    39.14 ( 9.24%)
  Files created alone per second:        28.00 ( 0.00%)    38.00 (35.71%)    34.00 (21.43%)    30.00 ( 7.14%)
  Files create/transact per second:       8.00 ( 0.00%)    10.00 (25.00%)     9.00 (12.50%)     8.00 ( 0.00%)
  Files deleted alone per second:       556.00 ( 0.00%)  1224.00 (120.14%)  3062.00 (450.72%)  6124.00 (1001.44%)
  Files delete/transact per second:       8.00 ( 0.00%)    10.00 (25.00%)     9.00 (12.50%)     8.00 ( 0.00%)

  MMTests Statistics: duration
  Sys Time Running Test (seconds)             113.34    107.99    109.73    108.72
  User+Sys Time Running Test (seconds)        145.51    139.81    143.32    143.55
  Total Elapsed Time (seconds)               1159.16    899.23    980.17   1062.27

  MMTests Statistics: vmstat
  Page Ins                                    13710192    13729032    13727944    13760136
  Page Outs                                   43071140    42987228    42733684    42931624
  Swap Ins                                           0           0           0           0
  Swap Outs                                          0           0           0           0
  Direct pages scanned                               0           0           0           0
  Kswapd pages scanned                         9941613     9937443     9939085     9929154
  Kswapd pages reclaimed                       9940926     9936751     9938397     9928465
  Direct pages reclaimed                             0           0           0           0
  Kswapd efficiency                                99%         99%         99%         99%
  Kswapd velocity                             8576.567   11051.058   10140.164    9347.109
  Direct efficiency                               100%        100%        100%        100%
  Direct velocity                                0.000       0.000       0.000       0.000

It looks like here that the full series regresses performance but as
ftrace showed no usage of wait_iff_congested() or sync reclaim I am
assuming it's a disruption due to monitoring.  Other data such as memory
usage, page IO, swap IO all looked similar.

Running a benchmark with a plain DD showed nothing very interesting.
The full series stalled in wait_iff_congested() slightly less but stall
times on vanilla kernels were marginal.

Running a benchmark that hammered on file-backed mappings showed stalls
due to congestion but not in sync writebacks

  MICRO
                                       3.3.0-vanilla       rc2-vanilla  lumpyremove-v2r3       nosync-v2r3
  MMTests Statistics: duration
  Sys Time Running Test (seconds)             308.13    294.50    298.75    299.53
  User+Sys Time Running Test (seconds)        330.45    316.28    318.93    320.79
  Total Elapsed Time (seconds)               1814.90   1833.88   1821.14   1832.91

  MMTests Statistics: vmstat
  Page Ins                                      108712      120708       97224      110344
  Page Outs                                  155514576   156017404   155813676   156193256
  Swap Ins                                           0           0           0           0
  Swap Outs                                          0           0           0           0
  Direct pages scanned                         2599253     1550480     2512822     2414760
  Kswapd pages scanned                        69742364    71150694    68839041    69692533
  Kswapd pages reclaimed                      34824488    34773341    34796602    34799396
  Direct pages reclaimed                         53693       94750       61792       75205
  Kswapd efficiency                                49%         48%         50%         49%
  Kswapd velocity                            38427.662   38797.901   37799.972   38022.889
  Direct efficiency                                 2%          6%          2%          3%
  Direct velocity                             1432.174     845.464    1379.807    1317.446
  Percentage direct scans                           3%          2%          3%          3%
  Page writes by reclaim                             0           0           0           0
  Page writes file                                   0           0           0           0
  Page writes anon                                   0           0           0           0
  Page reclaim immediate                             0           0           0        1218
  Page rescued immediate                             0           0           0           0
  Slabs scanned                                  15360       16384       13312       16384
  Direct inode steals                                0           0           0           0
  Kswapd inode steals                             4340        4327        1630        4323

  FTrace Reclaim Statistics: congestion_wait
  Direct number congest     waited                 0          0          0          0
  Direct time   congest     waited               0ms        0ms        0ms        0ms
  Direct full   congest     waited                 0          0          0          0
  Direct number conditional waited               900        870        754        789
  Direct time   conditional waited               0ms        0ms        0ms       20ms
  Direct full   conditional waited                 0          0          0          0
  KSwapd number congest     waited              2106       2308       2116       1915
  KSwapd time   congest     waited          139924ms   157832ms   125652ms   132516ms
  KSwapd full   congest     waited              1346       1530       1202       1278
  KSwapd number conditional waited             12922      16320      10943      14670
  KSwapd time   conditional waited               0ms        0ms        0ms        0ms
  KSwapd full   conditional waited                 0          0          0          0

Reclaim statistics are not radically changed.  The stall times in kswapd
are massive but it is clear that it is due to calls to congestion_wait()
and that is almost certainly the call in balance_pgdat().  Otherwise
stalls due to dirty pages are non-existant.

I ran a benchmark that stressed high-order allocation.  This is very
artifical load but was used in the past to evaluate lumpy reclaim and
compaction.  Generally I look at allocation success rates and latency
figures.

  STRESS-HIGHALLOC
                   3.3.0-vanilla       rc2-vanilla  lumpyremove-v2r3       nosync-v2r3
  Pass 1          81.00 ( 0.00%)    28.00 (-53.00%)    24.00 (-57.00%)    28.00 (-53.00%)
  Pass 2          82.00 ( 0.00%)    39.00 (-43.00%)    38.00 (-44.00%)    43.00 (-39.00%)
  while Rested    88.00 ( 0.00%)    87.00 (-1.00%)    88.00 ( 0.00%)    88.00 ( 0.00%)

  MMTests Statistics: duration
  Sys Time Running Test (seconds)             740.93    681.42    685.14    684.87
  User+Sys Time Running Test (seconds)       2922.65   3269.52   3281.35   3279.44
  Total Elapsed Time (seconds)               1161.73   1152.49   1159.55   1161.44

  MMTests Statistics: vmstat
  Page Ins                                     4486020     2807256     2855944     2876244
  Page Outs                                    7261600     7973688     7975320     7986120
  Swap Ins                                       31694           0           0           0
  Swap Outs                                      98179           0           0           0
  Direct pages scanned                           53494       57731       34406      113015
  Kswapd pages scanned                         6271173     1287481     1278174     1219095
  Kswapd pages reclaimed                       2029240     1281025     1260708     1201583
  Direct pages reclaimed                          1468       14564       16649       92456
  Kswapd efficiency                                32%         99%         98%         98%
  Kswapd velocity                             5398.133    1117.130    1102.302    1049.641
  Direct efficiency                                 2%         25%         48%         81%
  Direct velocity                               46.047      50.092      29.672      97.306
  Percentage direct scans                           0%          4%          2%          8%
  Page writes by reclaim                       1616049           0           0           0
  Page writes file                             1517870           0           0           0
  Page writes anon                               98179           0           0           0
  Page reclaim immediate                        103778       27339        9796       17831
  Page rescued immediate                             0           0           0           0
  Slabs scanned                                1096704      986112      980992      998400
  Direct inode steals                              223      215040      216736      247881
  Kswapd inode steals                           175331       61548       68444       63066
  Kswapd skipped wait                            21991           0           1           0
  THP fault alloc                                    1         135         125         134
  THP collapse alloc                               393         311         228         236
  THP splits                                        25          13           7           8
  THP fault fallback                                 0           0           0           0
  THP collapse fail                                  3           5           7           7
  Compaction stalls                                865        1270        1422        1518
  Compaction success                               370         401         353         383
  Compaction failures                              495         869        1069        1135
  Compaction pages moved                        870155     3828868     4036106     4423626
  Compaction move failure                        26429       23865       29742       27514

Success rates are completely hosed for 3.4-rc2 which is almost certainly
due to commit fe2c2a1066 ("vmscan: reclaim at order 0 when compaction
is enabled").  I expected this would happen for kswapd and impair
allocation success rates (https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/1/25/166) but I did
not anticipate this much a difference: 80% less scanning, 37% less
reclaim by kswapd

In comparison, reclaim/compaction is not aggressive and gives up easily
which is the intended behaviour.  hugetlbfs uses __GFP_REPEAT and would
be much more aggressive about reclaim/compaction than THP allocations
are.  The stress test above is allocating like neither THP or hugetlbfs
but is much closer to THP.

Mainline is now impaired in terms of high order allocation under heavy
load although I do not know to what degree as I did not test with
__GFP_REPEAT.  Keep this in mind for bugs related to hugepage pool
resizing, THP allocation and high order atomic allocation failures from
network devices.

In terms of congestion throttling, I see the following for this test

  FTrace Reclaim Statistics: congestion_wait
  Direct number congest     waited                 3          0          0          0
  Direct time   congest     waited               0ms        0ms        0ms        0ms
  Direct full   congest     waited                 0          0          0          0
  Direct number conditional waited               957        512       1081       1075
  Direct time   conditional waited               0ms        0ms        0ms        0ms
  Direct full   conditional waited                 0          0          0          0
  KSwapd number congest     waited                36          4          3          5
  KSwapd time   congest     waited            3148ms      400ms      300ms      500ms
  KSwapd full   congest     waited                30          4          3          5
  KSwapd number conditional waited             88514        197        332        542
  KSwapd time   conditional waited            4980ms        0ms        0ms        0ms
  KSwapd full   conditional waited                49          0          0          0

The "conditional waited" times are the most interesting as this is
directly impacted by the number of dirty pages encountered during scan.
As lumpy reclaim is no longer scanning contiguous ranges, it is finding
fewer dirty pages.  This brings wait times from about 5 seconds to 0.
kswapd itself is still calling congestion_wait() so it'll still stall but
it's a lot less.

In terms of the type of IO we were doing, I see this

  FTrace Reclaim Statistics: mm_vmscan_writepage
  Direct writes anon  sync                         0          0          0          0
  Direct writes anon  async                        0          0          0          0
  Direct writes file  sync                         0          0          0          0
  Direct writes file  async                        0          0          0          0
  Direct writes mixed sync                         0          0          0          0
  Direct writes mixed async                        0          0          0          0
  KSwapd writes anon  sync                         0          0          0          0
  KSwapd writes anon  async                    91682          0          0          0
  KSwapd writes file  sync                         0          0          0          0
  KSwapd writes file  async                   822629          0          0          0
  KSwapd writes mixed sync                         0          0          0          0
  KSwapd writes mixed async                        0          0          0          0

In 3.2, kswapd was doing a bunch of async writes of pages but
reclaim/compaction was never reaching a point where it was doing sync
IO.  This does not guarantee that reclaim/compaction was not calling
wait_on_page_writeback() but I would consider it unlikely.  It indicates
that merging patches 2 and 3 to stop reclaim/compaction calling
wait_on_page_writeback() should be safe.

This patch:

Lumpy reclaim had a purpose but in the mind of some, it was to kick the
system so hard it trashed.  For others the purpose was to complicate
vmscan.c.  Over time it was giving softer shoes and a nicer attitude but
memory compaction needs to step up and replace it so this patch sends
lumpy reclaim to the farm.

The tracepoint format changes for isolating LRU pages with this patch
applied.  Furthermore reclaim/compaction can no longer queue dirty pages
in pageout() if the underlying BDI is congested.  Lumpy reclaim used
this logic and reclaim/compaction was using it in error.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:19 -07:00
Rik van Riel e709ffd616 mm: remove swap token code
The swap token code no longer fits in with the current VM model.  It
does not play well with cgroups or the better NUMA placement code in
development, since we have only one swap token globally.

It also has the potential to mess with scalability of the system, by
increasing the number of non-reclaimable pages on the active and
inactive anon LRU lists.

Last but not least, the swap token code has been broken for a year
without complaints, as reported by Konstantin Khlebnikov.  This suggests
we no longer have much use for it.

The days of sub-1G memory systems with heavy use of swap are over.  If
we ever need thrashing reducing code in the future, we will have to
implement something that does scale.

Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Bob Picco <bpicco@meloft.net>
Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:19 -07:00
David Rientjes edad9d2c33 mm, thp: allow fallback when pte_alloc_one() fails for huge pmd
The transparent hugepages feature is careful to not invoke the oom
killer when a hugepage cannot be allocated.

pte_alloc_one() failing in __do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page(), however,
currently results in VM_FAULT_OOM which invokes the pagefault oom killer
to kill a memory-hogging task.

This is unnecessary since it's possible to drop the reference to the
hugepage and fallback to allocating a small page.

Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:19 -07:00
David Rientjes aa2e878efa mm, thp: remove unnecessary ret variable
The "ret" variable is unnecessary in __do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page(), so
remove it.

Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:18 -07:00
Wang Sheng-Hui f2135a4a57 mm/hugetlb.c: use long vars instead of int in region_count()
The arguments f & t and fields from & to of struct file_region are
defined as long.  So use long instead of int to type the temp vars.

Signed-off-by: Wang Sheng-Hui <shhuiw@gmail.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:18 -07:00
Wang Sheng-Hui 89c522c78a mm/mempolicy.c: use enum value MPOL_REBIND_ONCE in mpol_rebind_policy()
We have enum definition in mempolicy.h: MPOL_REBIND_ONCE.  It should
replace the magic number 0 for step comparison in function
mpol_rebind_policy.

Signed-off-by: Wang Sheng-Hui <shhuiw@gmail.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:18 -07:00
Borislav Petkov 71dd0b8ae8 mm/memory_failure: let the compiler add the function name
These things tend to get out of sync with time so let the compiler
automatically enter the current function name using __func__.

No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <borislav.petkov@amd.com>
Acked-by: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-29 16:22:18 -07:00
Linus Torvalds 90324cc1b1 avoid iput() from flusher thread
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
 Version: GnuPG v1.4.11 (GNU/Linux)
 
 iQIcBAABAgAGBQJPw2J/AAoJECvKgwp+S8Ja5jkP/3uMxkhf8XQpXCI3O1QVfaQr
 uZFfM8sINqIPDVm1dtFjFj7f8Bw9mhE2KAnnJ1rKT8tQwqq9yAse1QPlhCG1ZqoP
 +AnMDDXHtx7WmQZXhBvS9b+unpZ7Jr6r6pO5XrmTL2kRL3YJPUhZ2+xbTT5belTB
 KoAu4WqORZRxfXoC76S7U8K+D4NcAGhAOxCClsIjmY+oocCiCag4FZOyzYIFViqc
 ghUN/+rLQ3fqGGv2yO7Ylx1gUM7sxIwkZQ/h962jFAtxz9czImr2NmRoMliOaOkS
 tvcnIf+E3u0n/zIjzFvzhxKgHJPP8PkcPMk60d3jKmFngBkqFTzNUeVTP8md7HrV
 4DlXisWr+z7YVyWUCFaNcJLmjiWSwQ8DV/clRLobeBf9EJKan5F1PjFgl6PLJM5F
 Qr1+LHMNaetdulBwMRTyveZTzYqw9RmDnD9dWMo4mX/kTpvtC4jTPVV7hkRD+Qlv
 5vTRR+VXL3Q50yClLf0AQMSKTnH2gBuepM/b+7cShLGfsMln8DtUjmbigv+niL63
 BibcCIbIlP2uWGnl37VhsC34AT+RKt3lggrBOpn/7XJMq/wKR7IRP/7V9TfYgaUN
 NBa+wtnLDa1pZEn/X7izdcQP62PzDtmB+ObvYT0Yb40A4+2ud3qF/lB53c1A1ewF
 /9c4zxxekjHZnn2oooEa
 =oLXf
 -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

Merge tag 'writeback' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/wfg/linux

Pull writeback tree from Wu Fengguang:
 "Mainly from Jan Kara to avoid iput() in the flusher threads."

* tag 'writeback' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/wfg/linux:
  writeback: Avoid iput() from flusher thread
  vfs: Rename end_writeback() to clear_inode()
  vfs: Move waiting for inode writeback from end_writeback() to evict_inode()
  writeback: Refactor writeback_single_inode()
  writeback: Remove wb->list_lock from writeback_single_inode()
  writeback: Separate inode requeueing after writeback
  writeback: Move I_DIRTY_PAGES handling
  writeback: Move requeueing when I_SYNC set to writeback_sb_inodes()
  writeback: Move clearing of I_SYNC into inode_sync_complete()
  writeback: initialize global_dirty_limit
  fs: remove 8 bytes of padding from struct writeback_control on 64 bit builds
  mm: page-writeback.c: local functions should not be exposed globally
2012-05-28 09:54:45 -07:00
Linus Torvalds fa2af6e4fe Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cmetcalf/linux-tile
Pull tile updates from Chris Metcalf:
 "These changes cover a range of new arch/tile features and
  optimizations.  They've been through LKML review and on linux-next for
  a month or so.  There's also one bug-fix that just missed 3.4, which
  I've marked for stable."

Fixed up trivial conflict in arch/tile/Kconfig (new added tile Kconfig
entries clashing with the generic timer/clockevents changes).

* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cmetcalf/linux-tile:
  tile: default to tilegx_defconfig for ARCH=tile
  tile: fix bug where fls(0) was not returning 0
  arch/tile: mark TILEGX as not EXPERIMENTAL
  tile/mm/fault.c: Port OOM changes to handle_page_fault
  arch/tile: add descriptive text if the kernel reports a bad trap
  arch/tile: allow querying cpu module information from the hypervisor
  arch/tile: fix hardwall for tilegx and generalize for idn and ipi
  arch/tile: support multiple huge page sizes dynamically
  mm: add new arch_make_huge_pte() method for tile support
  arch/tile: support kexec() for tilegx
  arch/tile: support <asm/cachectl.h> header for cacheflush() syscall
  arch/tile: Allow tilegx to build with either 16K or 64K page size
  arch/tile: optimize get_user/put_user and friends
  arch/tile: support building big-endian kernel
  arch/tile: allow building Linux with transparent huge pages enabled
  arch/tile: use interrupt critical sections less
2012-05-25 15:59:38 -07:00
Chris Metcalf d9ed9faac2 mm: add new arch_make_huge_pte() method for tile support
The tile support for multiple-size huge pages requires tagging
the hugetlb PTE with a "super" bit for PTEs that are multiples of
the basic size of a pagetable span.  To set that bit properly
we need to tweak the PTe in make_huge_pte() based on the vma.

This change provides the API for a subsequent tile-specific
change to use.

Reviewed-by: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
2012-05-25 12:48:26 -04:00
Chris Metcalf 73636b1aac arch/tile: allow building Linux with transparent huge pages enabled
The change adds some infrastructure for managing tile pmd's more generally,
using pte_pmd() and pmd_pte() methods to translate pmd values to and
from ptes, since on TILEPro a pmd is really just a nested structure
holding a pgd (aka pte).  Several existing pmd methods are moved into
this framework, and a whole raft of additional pmd accessors are defined
that are used by the transparent hugepage framework.

The tile PTE now has a "client2" bit.  The bit is used to indicate a
transparent huge page is in the process of being split into subpages.

This change also fixes a generic bug where the return value of the
generic pmdp_splitting_flush() was incorrect.

Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
2012-05-25 12:48:21 -04:00
Linus Torvalds d484864dd9 Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.linaro.org/people/mszyprowski/linux-dma-mapping
Pull CMA and ARM DMA-mapping updates from Marek Szyprowski:
 "These patches contain two major updates for DMA mapping subsystem
  (mainly for ARM architecture).  First one is Contiguous Memory
  Allocator (CMA) which makes it possible for device drivers to allocate
  big contiguous chunks of memory after the system has booted.

  The main difference from the similar frameworks is the fact that CMA
  allows to transparently reuse the memory region reserved for the big
  chunk allocation as a system memory, so no memory is wasted when no
  big chunk is allocated.  Once the alloc request is issued, the
  framework migrates system pages to create space for the required big
  chunk of physically contiguous memory.

  For more information one can refer to nice LWN articles:

   - 'A reworked contiguous memory allocator':
		http://lwn.net/Articles/447405/

   - 'CMA and ARM':
		http://lwn.net/Articles/450286/

   - 'A deep dive into CMA':
		http://lwn.net/Articles/486301/

   - and the following thread with the patches and links to all previous
     versions:
		https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/4/3/204

  The main client for this new framework is ARM DMA-mapping subsystem.

  The second part provides a complete redesign in ARM DMA-mapping
  subsystem.  The core implementation has been changed to use common
  struct dma_map_ops based infrastructure with the recent updates for
  new dma attributes merged in v3.4-rc2.  This allows to use more than
  one implementation of dma-mapping calls and change/select them on the
  struct device basis.  The first client of this new infractructure is
  dmabounce implementation which has been completely cut out of the
  core, common code.

  The last patch of this redesign update introduces a new, experimental
  implementation of dma-mapping calls on top of generic IOMMU framework.
  This lets ARM sub-platform to transparently use IOMMU for DMA-mapping
  calls if one provides required IOMMU hardware.

  For more information please refer to the following thread:
		http://www.spinics.net/lists/arm-kernel/msg175729.html

  The last patch merges changes from both updates and provides a
  resolution for the conflicts which cannot be avoided when patches have
  been applied on the same files (mainly arch/arm/mm/dma-mapping.c)."

Acked by Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>:
 "Yup, this one please.  It's had much work, plenty of review and I
  think even Russell is happy with it."

* 'for-linus' of git://git.linaro.org/people/mszyprowski/linux-dma-mapping: (28 commits)
  ARM: dma-mapping: use PMD size for section unmap
  cma: fix migration mode
  ARM: integrate CMA with DMA-mapping subsystem
  X86: integrate CMA with DMA-mapping subsystem
  drivers: add Contiguous Memory Allocator
  mm: trigger page reclaim in alloc_contig_range() to stabilise watermarks
  mm: extract reclaim code from __alloc_pages_direct_reclaim()
  mm: Serialize access to min_free_kbytes
  mm: page_isolation: MIGRATE_CMA isolation functions added
  mm: mmzone: MIGRATE_CMA migration type added
  mm: page_alloc: change fallbacks array handling
  mm: page_alloc: introduce alloc_contig_range()
  mm: compaction: export some of the functions
  mm: compaction: introduce isolate_freepages_range()
  mm: compaction: introduce map_pages()
  mm: compaction: introduce isolate_migratepages_range()
  mm: page_alloc: remove trailing whitespace
  ARM: dma-mapping: add support for IOMMU mapper
  ARM: dma-mapping: use alloc, mmap, free from dma_ops
  ARM: dma-mapping: remove redundant code and do the cleanup
  ...

Conflicts:
	arch/x86/include/asm/dma-mapping.h
2012-05-25 09:18:59 -07:00
Linus Torvalds 28f3d71761 Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net
Pull more networking updates from David Miller:
 "Ok, everything from here on out will be bug fixes."

1) One final sync of wireless and bluetooth stuff from John Linville.
   These changes have all been in his tree for more than a week, and
   therefore have had the necessary -next exposure.  John was just away
   on a trip and didn't have a change to send the pull request until a
   day or two ago.

2) Put back some defines in user exposed header file areas that were
   removed during the tokenring purge.  From Stephen Hemminger and Paul
   Gortmaker.

3) A bug fix for UDP hash table allocation got lost in the pile due to
   one of those "you got it..  no I've got it.." situations.  :-)

   From Tim Bird.

4) SKB coalescing in TCP needs to have stricter checks, otherwise we'll
   try to coalesce overlapping frags and crash.  Fix from Eric Dumazet.

5) RCU routing table lookups can race with free_fib_info(), causing
   crashes when we deref the device pointers in the route.  Fix by
   releasing the net device in the RCU callback.  From Yanmin Zhang.

* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net: (293 commits)
  tcp: take care of overlaps in tcp_try_coalesce()
  ipv4: fix the rcu race between free_fib_info and ip_route_output_slow
  mm: add a low limit to alloc_large_system_hash
  ipx: restore token ring define to include/linux/ipx.h
  if: restore token ring ARP type to header
  xen: do not disable netfront in dom0
  phy/micrel: Fix ID of KSZ9021
  mISDN: Add X-Tensions USB ISDN TA XC-525
  gianfar:don't add FCB length to hard_header_len
  Bluetooth: Report proper error number in disconnection
  Bluetooth: Create flags for bt_sk()
  Bluetooth: report the right security level in getsockopt
  Bluetooth: Lock the L2CAP channel when sending
  Bluetooth: Restore locking semantics when looking up L2CAP channels
  Bluetooth: Fix a redundant and problematic incoming MTU check
  Bluetooth: Add support for Foxconn/Hon Hai AR5BBU22 0489:E03C
  Bluetooth: Fix EIR data generation for mgmt_device_found
  Bluetooth: Fix Inquiry with RSSI event mask
  Bluetooth: improve readability of l2cap_seq_list code
  Bluetooth: Fix skb length calculation
  ...
2012-05-24 11:54:29 -07:00
Linus Torvalds 654443e20d Merge branch 'perf-uprobes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull user-space probe instrumentation from Ingo Molnar:
 "The uprobes code originates from SystemTap and has been used for years
  in Fedora and RHEL kernels.  This version is much rewritten, reviews
  from PeterZ, Oleg and myself shaped the end result.

  This tree includes uprobes support in 'perf probe' - but SystemTap
  (and other tools) can take advantage of user probe points as well.

  Sample usage of uprobes via perf, for example to profile malloc()
  calls without modifying user-space binaries.

  First boot a new kernel with CONFIG_UPROBE_EVENT=y enabled.

  If you don't know which function you want to probe you can pick one
  from 'perf top' or can get a list all functions that can be probed
  within libc (binaries can be specified as well):

	$ perf probe -F -x /lib/libc.so.6

  To probe libc's malloc():

	$ perf probe -x /lib64/libc.so.6 malloc
	Added new event:
	probe_libc:malloc    (on 0x7eac0)

  You can now use it in all perf tools, such as:

	perf record -e probe_libc:malloc -aR sleep 1

  Make use of it to create a call graph (as the flat profile is going to
  look very boring):

	$ perf record -e probe_libc:malloc -gR make
	[ perf record: Woken up 173 times to write data ]
	[ perf record: Captured and wrote 44.190 MB perf.data (~1930712

	$ perf report | less

	  32.03%            git  libc-2.15.so   [.] malloc
	                    |
	                    --- malloc

	  29.49%            cc1  libc-2.15.so   [.] malloc
	                    |
	                    --- malloc
	                       |
	                       |--0.95%-- 0x208eb1000000000
	                       |
	                       |--0.63%-- htab_traverse_noresize

	  11.04%             as  libc-2.15.so   [.] malloc
	                     |
	                     --- malloc
	                        |

	   7.15%             ld  libc-2.15.so   [.] malloc
	                     |
	                     --- malloc
	                        |

	   5.07%             sh  libc-2.15.so   [.] malloc
	                     |
	                     --- malloc
	                        |
	   4.99%  python-config  libc-2.15.so   [.] malloc
	          |
	          --- malloc
	             |
	   4.54%           make  libc-2.15.so   [.] malloc
	                   |
	                   --- malloc
	                      |
	                      |--7.34%-- glob
	                      |          |
	                      |          |--93.18%-- 0x41588f
	                      |          |
	                      |           --6.82%-- glob
	                      |                     0x41588f

	   ...

  Or:

	$ perf report -g flat | less

	# Overhead        Command  Shared Object      Symbol
	# ........  .............  .............  ..........
	#
	  32.03%            git  libc-2.15.so   [.] malloc
	          27.19%
	              malloc

	  29.49%            cc1  libc-2.15.so   [.] malloc
	          24.77%
	              malloc

	  11.04%             as  libc-2.15.so   [.] malloc
	          11.02%
	              malloc

	   7.15%             ld  libc-2.15.so   [.] malloc
	           6.57%
	              malloc

	 ...

  The core uprobes design is fairly straightforward: uprobes probe
  points register themselves at (inode:offset) addresses of
  libraries/binaries, after which all existing (or new) vmas that map
  that address will have a software breakpoint injected at that address.
  vmas are COW-ed to preserve original content.  The probe points are
  kept in an rbtree.

  If user-space executes the probed inode:offset instruction address
  then an event is generated which can be recovered from the regular
  perf event channels and mmap-ed ring-buffer.

  Multiple probes at the same address are supported, they create a
  dynamic callback list of event consumers.

  The basic model is further complicated by the XOL speedup: the
  original instruction that is probed is copied (in an architecture
  specific fashion) and executed out of line when the probe triggers.
  The XOL area is a single vma per process, with a fixed number of
  entries (which limits probe execution parallelism).

  The API: uprobes are installed/removed via
  /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/uprobe_events, the API is integrated to
  align with the kprobes interface as much as possible, but is separate
  to it.

  Injecting a probe point is privileged operation, which can be relaxed
  by setting perf_paranoid to -1.

  You can use multiple probes as well and mix them with kprobes and
  regular PMU events or tracepoints, when instrumenting a task."

Fix up trivial conflicts in mm/memory.c due to previous cleanup of
unmap_single_vma().

* 'perf-uprobes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (21 commits)
  perf probe: Detect probe target when m/x options are absent
  perf probe: Provide perf interface for uprobes
  tracing: Fix kconfig warning due to a typo
  tracing: Provide trace events interface for uprobes
  tracing: Extract out common code for kprobes/uprobes trace events
  tracing: Modify is_delete, is_return from int to bool
  uprobes/core: Decrement uprobe count before the pages are unmapped
  uprobes/core: Make background page replacement logic account for rss_stat counters
  uprobes/core: Optimize probe hits with the help of a counter
  uprobes/core: Allocate XOL slots for uprobes use
  uprobes/core: Handle breakpoint and singlestep exceptions
  uprobes/core: Rename bkpt to swbp
  uprobes/core: Make order of function parameters consistent across functions
  uprobes/core: Make macro names consistent
  uprobes: Update copyright notices
  uprobes/core: Move insn to arch specific structure
  uprobes/core: Remove uprobe_opcode_sz
  uprobes/core: Make instruction tables volatile
  uprobes: Move to kernel/events/
  uprobes/core: Clean up, refactor and improve the code
  ...
2012-05-24 11:39:34 -07:00
Tim Bird 31fe62b958 mm: add a low limit to alloc_large_system_hash
UDP stack needs a minimum hash size value for proper operation and also
uses alloc_large_system_hash() for proper NUMA distribution of its hash
tables and automatic sizing depending on available system memory.

On some low memory situations, udp_table_init() must ignore the
alloc_large_system_hash() result and reallocs a bigger memory area.

As we cannot easily free old hash table, we leak it and kmemleak can
issue a warning.

This patch adds a low limit parameter to alloc_large_system_hash() to
solve this problem.

We then specify UDP_HTABLE_SIZE_MIN for UDP/UDPLite hash table
allocation.

Reported-by: Mark Asselstine <mark.asselstine@windriver.com>
Reported-by: Tim Bird <tim.bird@am.sony.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2012-05-24 00:28:21 -04:00
Mel Gorman 05f144a0d5 mm: mempolicy: Let vma_merge and vma_split handle vma->vm_policy linkages
Dave Jones' system call fuzz testing tool "trinity" triggered the
following bug error with slab debugging enabled

    =============================================================================
    BUG numa_policy (Not tainted): Poison overwritten
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    INFO: 0xffff880146498250-0xffff880146498250. First byte 0x6a instead of 0x6b
    INFO: Allocated in mpol_new+0xa3/0x140 age=46310 cpu=6 pid=32154
     __slab_alloc+0x3d3/0x445
     kmem_cache_alloc+0x29d/0x2b0
     mpol_new+0xa3/0x140
     sys_mbind+0x142/0x620
     system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
    INFO: Freed in __mpol_put+0x27/0x30 age=46268 cpu=6 pid=32154
     __slab_free+0x2e/0x1de
     kmem_cache_free+0x25a/0x260
     __mpol_put+0x27/0x30
     remove_vma+0x68/0x90
     exit_mmap+0x118/0x140
     mmput+0x73/0x110
     exit_mm+0x108/0x130
     do_exit+0x162/0xb90
     do_group_exit+0x4f/0xc0
     sys_exit_group+0x17/0x20
     system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
    INFO: Slab 0xffffea0005192600 objects=27 used=27 fp=0x          (null) flags=0x20000000004080
    INFO: Object 0xffff880146498250 @offset=592 fp=0xffff88014649b9d0

This implied a reference counting bug and the problem happened during
mbind().

mbind() applies a new memory policy to a range and uses mbind_range() to
merge existing VMAs or split them as necessary.  In the event of splits,
mpol_dup() will allocate a new struct mempolicy and maintain existing
reference counts whose rules are documented in
Documentation/vm/numa_memory_policy.txt .

The problem occurs with shared memory policies.  The vm_op->set_policy
increments the reference count if necessary and split_vma() and
vma_merge() have already handled the existing reference counts.
However, policy_vma() screws it up by replacing an existing
vma->vm_policy with one that potentially has the wrong reference count
leading to a premature free.  This patch removes the damage caused by
policy_vma().

With this patch applied Dave's trinity tool runs an mbind test for 5
minutes without error.  /proc/slabinfo reported that there are no
numa_policy or shared_policy_node objects allocated after the test
completed and the shared memory region was deleted.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Stephen Wilson <wilsons@start.ca>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-05-23 17:57:33 -07:00
Linus Torvalds 644473e9c6 Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespace
Pull user namespace enhancements from Eric Biederman:
 "This is a course correction for the user namespace, so that we can
  reach an inexpensive, maintainable, and reasonably complete
  implementation.

  Highlights:
   - Config guards make it impossible to enable the user namespace and
     code that has not been converted to be user namespace safe.

   - Use of the new kuid_t type ensures the if you somehow get past the
     config guards the kernel will encounter type errors if you enable
     user namespaces and attempt to compile in code whose permission
     checks have not been updated to be user namespace safe.

   - All uids from child user namespaces are mapped into the initial
     user namespace before they are processed.  Removing the need to add
     an additional check to see if the user namespace of the compared
     uids remains the same.

   - With the user namespaces compiled out the performance is as good or
     better than it is today.

   - For most operations absolutely nothing changes performance or
     operationally with the user namespace enabled.

   - The worst case performance I could come up with was timing 1
     billion cache cold stat operations with the user namespace code
     enabled.  This went from 156s to 164s on my laptop (or 156ns to
     164ns per stat operation).

   - (uid_t)-1 and (gid_t)-1 are reserved as an internal error value.
     Most uid/gid setting system calls treat these value specially
     anyway so attempting to use -1 as a uid would likely cause
     entertaining failures in userspace.

   - If setuid is called with a uid that can not be mapped setuid fails.
     I have looked at sendmail, login, ssh and every other program I
     could think of that would call setuid and they all check for and
     handle the case where setuid fails.

   - If stat or a similar system call is called from a context in which
     we can not map a uid we lie and return overflowuid.  The LFS
     experience suggests not lying and returning an error code might be
     better, but the historical precedent with uids is different and I
     can not think of anything that would break by lying about a uid we
     can't map.

   - Capabilities are localized to the current user namespace making it
     safe to give the initial user in a user namespace all capabilities.

  My git tree covers all of the modifications needed to convert the core
  kernel and enough changes to make a system bootable to runlevel 1."

Fix up trivial conflicts due to nearby independent changes in fs/stat.c

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespace: (46 commits)
  userns:  Silence silly gcc warning.
  cred: use correct cred accessor with regards to rcu read lock
  userns: Convert the move_pages, and migrate_pages permission checks to use uid_eq
  userns: Convert cgroup permission checks to use uid_eq
  userns: Convert tmpfs to use kuid and kgid where appropriate
  userns: Convert sysfs to use kgid/kuid where appropriate
  userns: Convert sysctl permission checks to use kuid and kgids.
  userns: Convert proc to use kuid/kgid where appropriate
  userns: Convert ext4 to user kuid/kgid where appropriate
  userns: Convert ext3 to use kuid/kgid where appropriate
  userns: Convert ext2 to use kuid/kgid where appropriate.
  userns: Convert devpts to use kuid/kgid where appropriate
  userns: Convert binary formats to use kuid/kgid where appropriate
  userns: Add negative depends on entries to avoid building code that is userns unsafe
  userns: signal remove unnecessary map_cred_ns
  userns: Teach inode_capable to understand inodes whose uids map to other namespaces.
  userns: Fail exec for suid and sgid binaries with ids outside our user namespace.
  userns: Convert stat to return values mapped from kuids and kgids
  userns: Convert user specfied uids and gids in chown into kuids and kgid
  userns: Use uid_eq gid_eq helpers when comparing kuids and kgids in the vfs
  ...
2012-05-23 17:42:39 -07:00
Linus Torvalds 88d6ae8dc3 Merge branch 'for-3.5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup
Pull cgroup updates from Tejun Heo:
 "cgroup file type addition / removal is updated so that file types are
  added and removed instead of individual files so that dynamic file
  type addition / removal can be implemented by cgroup and used by
  controllers.  blkio controller changes which will come through block
  tree are dependent on this.  Other changes include res_counter cleanup
  and disallowing kthread / PF_THREAD_BOUND threads to be attached to
  non-root cgroups.

  There's a reported bug with the file type addition / removal handling
  which can lead to oops on cgroup umount.  The issue is being looked
  into.  It shouldn't cause problems for most setups and isn't a
  security concern."

Fix up trivial conflict in Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt

* 'for-3.5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup: (21 commits)
  res_counter: Account max_usage when calling res_counter_charge_nofail()
  res_counter: Merge res_counter_charge and res_counter_charge_nofail
  cgroups: disallow attaching kthreadd or PF_THREAD_BOUND threads
  cgroup: remove cgroup_subsys->populate()
  cgroup: get rid of populate for memcg
  cgroup: pass struct mem_cgroup instead of struct cgroup to socket memcg
  cgroup: make css->refcnt clearing on cgroup removal optional
  cgroup: use negative bias on css->refcnt to block css_tryget()
  cgroup: implement cgroup_rm_cftypes()
  cgroup: introduce struct cfent
  cgroup: relocate __d_cgrp() and __d_cft()
  cgroup: remove cgroup_add_file[s]()
  cgroup: convert memcg controller to the new cftype interface
  memcg: always create memsw files if CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR_SWAP
  cgroup: convert all non-memcg controllers to the new cftype interface
  cgroup: relocate cftype and cgroup_subsys definitions in controllers
  cgroup: merge cft_release_agent cftype array into the base files array
  cgroup: implement cgroup_add_cftypes() and friends
  cgroup: build list of all cgroups under a given cgroupfs_root
  cgroup: move cgroup_clear_directory() call out of cgroup_populate_dir()
  ...
2012-05-22 17:40:19 -07:00
Linus Torvalds 5d4e2d08e7 Driver core pull for 3.5-rc1
Here's the driver core, and other driver subsystems, pull request for
 the 3.5-rc1 merge window.
 
 Outside of a few minor driver core changes, we ended up with the
 following different subsystem and core changes as well, due to
 interdependancies on the driver core:
  - hyperv driver updates
  - drivers/memory being created and some drivers moved into it
  - extcon driver subsystem created out of the old Android staging switch
    driver code
  - dynamic debug updates
  - printk rework, and /dev/kmsg changes
 
 All of this has been tested in the linux-next releases for a few weeks
 with no reported problems.
 
 Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
 -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
 Version: GnuPG v2.0.18 (GNU/Linux)
 
 iEYEABECAAYFAk+7q28ACgkQMUfUDdst+ykXmwCfcPASzC+/bDkuqdWsqzxlWZ7+
 VOQAnAriySv397St36J6Hz5bMQZwB1Yq
 =SQc+
 -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

Merge tag 'driver-core-3.5-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core

Pull driver core updates from Greg Kroah-Hartman:
 "Here's the driver core, and other driver subsystems, pull request for
  the 3.5-rc1 merge window.

  Outside of a few minor driver core changes, we ended up with the
  following different subsystem and core changes as well, due to
  interdependancies on the driver core:
   - hyperv driver updates
   - drivers/memory being created and some drivers moved into it
   - extcon driver subsystem created out of the old Android staging
     switch driver code
   - dynamic debug updates
   - printk rework, and /dev/kmsg changes

  All of this has been tested in the linux-next releases for a few weeks
  with no reported problems.

  Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>"

Fix up conflicts in drivers/extcon/extcon-max8997.c where git noticed
that a patch to the deleted drivers/misc/max8997-muic.c driver needs to
be applied to this one.

* tag 'driver-core-3.5-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core: (90 commits)
  uio_pdrv_genirq: get irq through platform resource if not set otherwise
  memory: tegra{20,30}-mc: Remove empty *_remove()
  printk() - isolate KERN_CONT users from ordinary complete lines
  sysfs: get rid of some lockdep false positives
  Drivers: hv: util: Properly handle version negotiations.
  Drivers: hv: Get rid of an unnecessary check in vmbus_prep_negotiate_resp()
  memory: tegra{20,30}-mc: Use dev_err_ratelimited()
  driver core: Add dev_*_ratelimited() family
  Driver Core: don't oops with unregistered driver in driver_find_device()
  printk() - restore prefix/timestamp printing for multi-newline strings
  printk: add stub for prepend_timestamp()
  ARM: tegra30: Make MC optional in Kconfig
  ARM: tegra20: Make MC optional in Kconfig
  ARM: tegra30: MC: Remove unnecessary BUG*()
  ARM: tegra20: MC: Remove unnecessary BUG*()
  printk: correctly align __log_buf
  ARM: tegra30: Add Tegra Memory Controller(MC) driver
  ARM: tegra20: Add Tegra Memory Controller(MC) driver
  printk() - restore timestamp printing at console output
  printk() - do not merge continuation lines of different threads
  ...
2012-05-22 16:02:13 -07:00
Linus Torvalds dddbd5414b Merge branch 'vm-cleanups' (unmap_vma() interface cleanup)
This series sanitizes the interface to unmap_vma().  The crazy interface
annoyed me no end when I was looking at unmap_single_vma(), which we can
spend quite a lot of time in (especially with loads that have a lot of
small fork/exec's: shell scripts etc).

Moving the nr_accounted calculations to where they belong at least
clarifies things a little.  I hope to come back to look at the
performance of this later, but if/when I get back to it I at least don't
have to see the crazy interfaces any more.

* vm-cleanups:
  vm: remove 'nr_accounted' calculations from the unmap_vmas() interfaces
  vm: simplify unmap_vmas() calling convention
2012-05-21 08:37:07 -07:00
Minchan Kim 58f42fd541 cma: fix migration mode
__alloc_contig_migrate_range calls migrate_pages with wrong argument
for migrate_mode. Fix it.

Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Signed-off-by: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
2012-05-21 15:09:39 +02:00
Marek Szyprowski 49f223a9cd mm: trigger page reclaim in alloc_contig_range() to stabilise watermarks
alloc_contig_range() performs memory allocation so it also should keep
track on keeping the correct level of memory watermarks. This commit adds
a call to *_slowpath style reclaim to grab enough pages to make sure that
the final collection of contiguous pages from freelists will not starve
the system.

Signed-off-by: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
CC: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Tested-by: Rob Clark <rob.clark@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Ohad Ben-Cohen <ohad@wizery.com>
Tested-by: Benjamin Gaignard <benjamin.gaignard@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Robert Nelson <robertcnelson@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Barry Song <Baohua.Song@csr.com>
2012-05-21 15:09:36 +02:00
Marek Szyprowski bba9071087 mm: extract reclaim code from __alloc_pages_direct_reclaim()
This patch extracts common reclaim code from __alloc_pages_direct_reclaim()
function to separate function: __perform_reclaim() which can be later used
by alloc_contig_range().

Signed-off-by: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Tested-by: Rob Clark <rob.clark@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Ohad Ben-Cohen <ohad@wizery.com>
Tested-by: Benjamin Gaignard <benjamin.gaignard@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Robert Nelson <robertcnelson@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Barry Song <Baohua.Song@csr.com>
2012-05-21 15:09:35 +02:00
Mel Gorman cfd3da1e49 mm: Serialize access to min_free_kbytes
There is a race between the min_free_kbytes sysctl, memory hotplug
and transparent hugepage support enablement.  Memory hotplug uses a
zonelists_mutex to avoid a race when building zonelists. Reuse it to
serialise watermark updates.

[a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl: Older patch fixed the race with spinlock]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: Barry Song <Baohua.Song@csr.com>
2012-05-21 15:09:34 +02:00
Michal Nazarewicz 0815f3d81d mm: page_isolation: MIGRATE_CMA isolation functions added
This commit changes various functions that change pages and
pageblocks migrate type between MIGRATE_ISOLATE and
MIGRATE_MOVABLE in such a way as to allow to work with
MIGRATE_CMA migrate type.

Signed-off-by: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Signed-off-by: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: Rob Clark <rob.clark@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Ohad Ben-Cohen <ohad@wizery.com>
Tested-by: Benjamin Gaignard <benjamin.gaignard@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Robert Nelson <robertcnelson@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Barry Song <Baohua.Song@csr.com>
2012-05-21 15:09:33 +02:00
Michal Nazarewicz 47118af076 mm: mmzone: MIGRATE_CMA migration type added
The MIGRATE_CMA migration type has two main characteristics:
(i) only movable pages can be allocated from MIGRATE_CMA
pageblocks and (ii) page allocator will never change migration
type of MIGRATE_CMA pageblocks.

This guarantees (to some degree) that page in a MIGRATE_CMA page
block can always be migrated somewhere else (unless there's no
memory left in the system).

It is designed to be used for allocating big chunks (eg. 10MiB)
of physically contiguous memory.  Once driver requests
contiguous memory, pages from MIGRATE_CMA pageblocks may be
migrated away to create a contiguous block.

To minimise number of migrations, MIGRATE_CMA migration type
is the last type tried when page allocator falls back to other
migration types when requested.

Signed-off-by: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Signed-off-by: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: Rob Clark <rob.clark@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Ohad Ben-Cohen <ohad@wizery.com>
Tested-by: Benjamin Gaignard <benjamin.gaignard@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Robert Nelson <robertcnelson@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Barry Song <Baohua.Song@csr.com>
2012-05-21 15:09:32 +02:00
Michal Nazarewicz 6d4a49160d mm: page_alloc: change fallbacks array handling
This commit adds a row for MIGRATE_ISOLATE type to the fallbacks array
which was missing from it.  It also, changes the array traversal logic
a little making MIGRATE_RESERVE an end marker.  The letter change,
removes the implicit MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE from the end of each row which
was read by __rmqueue_fallback() function.

Signed-off-by: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Signed-off-by: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: Rob Clark <rob.clark@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Ohad Ben-Cohen <ohad@wizery.com>
Tested-by: Benjamin Gaignard <benjamin.gaignard@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Robert Nelson <robertcnelson@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Barry Song <Baohua.Song@csr.com>
2012-05-21 15:09:31 +02:00