Pull core block IO changes from Jens Axboe:
"The major piece in here is the immutable bio_ve series from Kent, the
rest is fairly minor. It was supposed to go in last round, but
various issues pushed it to this release instead. The pull request
contains:
- Various smaller blk-mq fixes from different folks. Nothing major
here, just minor fixes and cleanups.
- Fix for a memory leak in the error path in the block ioctl code
from Christian Engelmayer.
- Header export fix from CaiZhiyong.
- Finally the immutable biovec changes from Kent Overstreet. This
enables some nice future work on making arbitrarily sized bios
possible, and splitting more efficient. Related fixes to immutable
bio_vecs:
- dm-cache immutable fixup from Mike Snitzer.
- btrfs immutable fixup from Muthu Kumar.
- bio-integrity fix from Nic Bellinger, which is also going to stable"
* 'for-3.14/core' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: (44 commits)
xtensa: fixup simdisk driver to work with immutable bio_vecs
block/blk-mq-cpu.c: use hotcpu_notifier()
blk-mq: for_each_* macro correctness
block: Fix memory leak in rw_copy_check_uvector() handling
bio-integrity: Fix bio_integrity_verify segment start bug
block: remove unrelated header files and export symbol
blk-mq: uses page->list incorrectly
blk-mq: use __smp_call_function_single directly
btrfs: fix missing increment of bi_remaining
Revert "block: Warn and free bio if bi_end_io is not set"
block: Warn and free bio if bi_end_io is not set
blk-mq: fix initializing request's start time
block: blk-mq: don't export blk_mq_free_queue()
block: blk-mq: make blk_sync_queue support mq
block: blk-mq: support draining mq queue
dm cache: increment bi_remaining when bi_end_io is restored
block: fixup for generic bio chaining
block: Really silence spurious compiler warnings
block: Silence spurious compiler warnings
block: Kill bio_pair_split()
...
In original bootmem wrapper for memblock, we have limit checking.
Add it to memblock_virt_alloc, to address arm and x86 booting crash.
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Reported-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@linaro.org>
Reported-by: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
Tested-by: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
Reported-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Cc: "Strashko, Grygorii" <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 63d0f0a3c7 ("mm/readahead.c:do_readhead(): don't check for
->readpage") unintentionally made do_readahead return 0 for all valid
files regardless of whether readahead was supported, rather than the
expected -EINVAL. This gets forwarded on to userspace, and results in
sys_readahead appearing to succeed in cases that don't make sense (e.g.
when called on pipes or sockets). This issue is detected by the LTP
readahead01 testcase.
As the exact return value of force_page_cache_readahead is currently
never used, we can simplify it to return only 0 or -EINVAL (when
readpage or readpages is missing). With that in place we can simply
forward on the return value of force_page_cache_readahead in
do_readahead.
This patch performs said change, restoring the expected semantics.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 309381feae ("mm: dump page when hitting a VM_BUG_ON using
VM_BUG_ON_PAGE") added a bunch of VM_BUG_ON_PAGE() calls.
But, most of the ones in the slub code are for _temporary_ 'struct
page's which are declared on the stack and likely have lots of gunk in
them. Dumping their contents out will just confuse folks looking at
bad_page() output. Plus, if we try to page_to_pfn() on them or
soemthing, we'll probably oops anyway.
Turn them back in to VM_BUG_ON()s.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
On kmem_cache_create_memcg() error path we set 'err', but leave 's' (the
new cache ptr) undefined. The latter can be NULL if we could not
allocate the cache, or pointing to a freed area if we failed somewhere
later while trying to initialize it. Initially we checked 'err'
immediately before exiting the function and returned NULL if it was set
ignoring the value of 's':
out_unlock:
...
if (err) {
/* report error */
return NULL;
}
return s;
Recently this check was, in fact, broken by commit f717eb3abb ("slab:
do not panic if we fail to create memcg cache"), which turned it to:
out_unlock:
...
if (err && !memcg) {
/* report error */
return NULL;
}
return s;
As a result, if we are failing creating a cache for a memcg, we will
skip the check and return 's' that can contain crap. Obviously, commit
f717eb3abb intended not to return crap on error allocating a cache for
a memcg, but only to remove the error reporting in this case, so the
check should look like this:
out_unlock:
...
if (err) {
if (!memcg)
return NULL;
/* report error */
return NULL;
}
return s;
[rientjes@google.com: despaghettification]
[vdavydov@parallels.com: patch monkeying]
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
A few printk(KERN_*'s have snuck in there.
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The command line parsing takes place before jump labels are initialised
which generates a warning if numa_balancing= is specified and
CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL is set.
On older kernels before commit c4b2c0c5f6 ("static_key: WARN on usage
before jump_label_init was called") the kernel would have crashed. This
patch enables automatic numa balancing later in the initialisation
process if numa_balancing= is specified.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: stable <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The VM is currently heavily tuned to avoid swapping. Whether that is
good or bad is a separate discussion, but as long as the VM won't swap
to make room for dirty cache, we can not consider anonymous pages when
calculating the amount of dirtyable memory, the baseline to which
dirty_background_ratio and dirty_ratio are applied.
A simple workload that occupies a significant size (40+%, depending on
memory layout, storage speeds etc.) of memory with anon/tmpfs pages and
uses the remainder for a streaming writer demonstrates this problem. In
that case, the actual cache pages are a small fraction of what is
considered dirtyable overall, which results in an relatively large
portion of the cache pages to be dirtied. As kswapd starts rotating
these, random tasks enter direct reclaim and stall on IO.
Only consider free pages and file pages dirtyable.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reported-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Tejun reported stuttering and latency spikes on a system where random
tasks would enter direct reclaim and get stuck on dirty pages. Around
50% of memory was occupied by tmpfs backed by an SSD, and another disk
(rotating) was reading and writing at max speed to shrink a partition.
: The problem was pretty ridiculous. It's a 8gig machine w/ one ssd and 10k
: rpm harddrive and I could reliably reproduce constant stuttering every
: several seconds for as long as buffered IO was going on on the hard drive
: either with tmpfs occupying somewhere above 4gig or a test program which
: allocates about the same amount of anon memory. Although swap usage was
: zero, turning off swap also made the problem go away too.
:
: The trigger conditions seem quite plausible - high anon memory usage w/
: heavy buffered IO and swap configured - and it's highly likely that this
: is happening in the wild too. (this can happen with copying large files
: to usb sticks too, right?)
This patch (of 2):
The dirty_balance_reserve is an approximation of the fraction of free
pages that the page allocator does not make available for page cache
allocations. As a result, it has to be taken into account when
calculating the amount of "dirtyable memory", the baseline to which
dirty_background_ratio and dirty_ratio are applied.
However, currently the reserve is subtracted from the sum of free and
reclaimable pages, which is non-sensical and leads to erroneous results
when the system is dominated by unreclaimable pages and the
dirty_balance_reserve is bigger than free+reclaimable. In that case, at
least the already allocated cache should be considered dirtyable.
Fix the calculation by subtracting the reserve from the amount of free
pages, then adding the reclaimable pages on top.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix CONFIG_HIGHMEM build]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reported-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull vfs updates from Al Viro:
"Assorted stuff; the biggest pile here is Christoph's ACL series. Plus
assorted cleanups and fixes all over the place...
There will be another pile later this week"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (43 commits)
__dentry_path() fixes
vfs: Remove second variable named error in __dentry_path
vfs: Is mounted should be testing mnt_ns for NULL or error.
Fix race when checking i_size on direct i/o read
hfsplus: remove can_set_xattr
nfsd: use get_acl and ->set_acl
fs: remove generic_acl
nfs: use generic posix ACL infrastructure for v3 Posix ACLs
gfs2: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
jfs: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
xfs: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
reiserfs: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
ocfs2: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
jffs2: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
hfsplus: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
f2fs: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
ext2/3/4: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
btrfs: use generic posix ACL infrastructure
fs: make posix_acl_create more useful
fs: make posix_acl_chmod more useful
...
Merge misc updates from Andrew Morton:
- a few hotfixes
- dynamic-debug updates
- ipc updates
- various other sweepings off the factory floor
* akpm: (31 commits)
firmware/google: drop 'select EFI' to avoid recursive dependency
compat: fix sys_fanotify_mark
checkpatch.pl: check for function declarations without arguments
mm/migrate.c: fix setting of cpupid on page migration twice against normal page
softirq: use const char * const for softirq_to_name, whitespace neatening
softirq: convert printks to pr_<level>
softirq: use ffs() in __do_softirq()
kernel/kexec.c: use vscnprintf() instead of vsnprintf() in vmcoreinfo_append_str()
splice: fix unexpected size truncation
ipc: fix compat msgrcv with negative msgtyp
ipc,msg: document barriers
ipc: delete seq_max field in struct ipc_ids
ipc: simplify sysvipc_proc_open() return
ipc: remove useless return statement
ipc: remove braces for single statements
ipc: standardize code comments
ipc: whitespace cleanup
ipc: change kern_ipc_perm.deleted type to bool
ipc: introduce ipc_valid_object() helper to sort out IPC_RMID races
ipc/sem.c: avoid overflow of semop undo (semadj) value
...
Pull powerpc updates from Ben Herrenschmidt:
"So here's my next branch for powerpc. A bit late as I was on vacation
last week. It's mostly the same stuff that was in next already, I
just added two patches today which are the wiring up of lockref for
powerpc, which for some reason fell through the cracks last time and
is trivial.
The highlights are, in addition to a bunch of bug fixes:
- Reworked Machine Check handling on kernels running without a
hypervisor (or acting as a hypervisor). Provides hooks to handle
some errors in real mode such as TLB errors, handle SLB errors,
etc...
- Support for retrieving memory error information from the service
processor on IBM servers running without a hypervisor and routing
them to the memory poison infrastructure.
- _PAGE_NUMA support on server processors
- 32-bit BookE relocatable kernel support
- FSL e6500 hardware tablewalk support
- A bunch of new/revived board support
- FSL e6500 deeper idle states and altivec powerdown support
You'll notice a generic mm change here, it has been acked by the
relevant authorities and is a pre-req for our _PAGE_NUMA support"
* 'next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/benh/powerpc: (121 commits)
powerpc: Implement arch_spin_is_locked() using arch_spin_value_unlocked()
powerpc: Add support for the optimised lockref implementation
powerpc/powernv: Call OPAL sync before kexec'ing
powerpc/eeh: Escalate error on non-existing PE
powerpc/eeh: Handle multiple EEH errors
powerpc: Fix transactional FP/VMX/VSX unavailable handlers
powerpc: Don't corrupt transactional state when using FP/VMX in kernel
powerpc: Reclaim two unused thread_info flag bits
powerpc: Fix races with irq_work
Move precessing of MCE queued event out from syscall exit path.
pseries/cpuidle: Remove redundant call to ppc64_runlatch_off() in cpu idle routines
powerpc: Make add_system_ram_resources() __init
powerpc: add SATA_MV to ppc64_defconfig
powerpc/powernv: Increase candidate fw image size
powerpc: Add debug checks to catch invalid cpu-to-node mappings
powerpc: Fix the setup of CPU-to-Node mappings during CPU online
powerpc/iommu: Don't detach device without IOMMU group
powerpc/eeh: Hotplug improvement
powerpc/eeh: Call opal_pci_reinit() on powernv for restoring config space
powerpc/eeh: Add restore_config operation
...
Pull powerpc mremap fix from Ben Herrenschmidt:
"This is the patch that I had sent after -rc8 and which we decided to
wait before merging. It's based on a different tree than my -next
branch (it needs some pre-reqs that were in -rc4 or so while my -next
is based on -rc1) so I left it as a separate branch for your to pull.
It's identical to the request I did 2 or 3 weeks back.
This fixes crashes in mremap with THP on powerpc.
The fix however requires a small change in the generic code. It moves
a condition into a helper we can override from the arch which is
harmless, but it *also* slightly changes the order of the set_pmd and
the withdraw & deposit, which should be fine according to Kirill (who
wrote that code) but I agree -rc8 is a bit late...
It was acked by Kirill and Andrew told me to just merge it via powerpc"
* 'merge' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/benh/powerpc:
powerpc/thp: Fix crash on mremap
Commit 7851a45cd3 ("mm: numa: Copy cpupid on page migration") copies
over the cpupid at page migration time. It is unnecessary to set it
again in alloc_misplaced_dst_page().
Signed-off-by: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit da29bd3622 ("mm/mm_init.c: make creation of the mm_kobj happen
earlier than device_initcall") changed to pure_initcall(mm_sysfs_init).
That's too early: mm_sysfs_init() depends on core_initcall(ksysfs_init)
to have made the kernel_kobj directory "kernel" in which to create "mm".
Make it postcore_initcall(mm_sysfs_init). We could use core_initcall(),
and depend upon Makefile link order kernel/ mm/ fs/ ipc/ security/ ...
as core_initcall(debugfs_init) and core_initcall(securityfs_init) do;
but better not.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Revert commit ece86e222d, which was intended as a small performance
improvement.
Despite the claim that the patch doesn't introduce any functional
changes in fact it does.
The "no page" path behaves different now. Originally, vmalloc_to_page
might return NULL under some conditions, with new implementation it
returns pfn_to_page(0) which is not the same as NULL.
Simple test shows the difference.
test.c
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
int __init myi(void)
{
struct page *p;
void *v;
v = vmalloc(PAGE_SIZE);
/* trigger the "no page" path in vmalloc_to_page*/
vfree(v);
p = vmalloc_to_page(v);
pr_err("expected val = NULL, returned val = %p", p);
return -EBUSY;
}
void __exit mye(void)
{
}
module_init(myi)
module_exit(mye)
Before interchange:
expected val = NULL, returned val = (null)
After interchange:
expected val = NULL, returned val = c7ebe000
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Murzin <murzin.v@gmail.com>
Cc: Jianyu Zhan <nasa4836@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In original __alloc_memory_core_early() for bootmem wrapper, we do not
align size silently.
We should not do that, as later free with old size will leave some range
not freed.
It's obvious that code is copied from memblock_base_nid(), and that code
is wrong for the same reason.
Also remove that in memblock_alloc_base.
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
So far I've had one ACK for this, and no other comments. So I think it
is probably time to send this via some suitable tree. I'm guessing that
the vfs tree would be the most appropriate route, but not sure that
there is one at the moment (don't see anything recent at kernel.org)
so in that case I think -mm is the "back up plan". Al, please let me
know if you will take this?
Steve.
---------------------
Following on from the "Re: [PATCH v3] vfs: fix a bug when we do some dio
reads with append dio writes" thread on linux-fsdevel, this patch is my
current version of the fix proposed as option (b) in that thread.
Removing the i_size test from the direct i/o read path at vfs level
means that filesystems now have to deal with requests which are beyond
i_size themselves. These I've divided into three sets:
a) Those with "no op" ->direct_IO (9p, cifs, ceph)
These are obviously not going to be an issue
b) Those with "home brew" ->direct_IO (nfs, fuse)
I've been told that NFS should not have any problem with the larger
i_size, however I've added an extra test to FUSE to duplicate the
original behaviour just to be on the safe side.
c) Those using __blockdev_direct_IO()
These call through to ->get_block() which should deal with the EOF
condition correctly. I've verified that with GFS2 and I believe that
Zheng has verified it for ext4. I've also run the test on XFS and it
passes both before and after this change.
The part of the patch in filemap.c looks a lot larger than it really is
- there are only two lines of real change. The rest is just indentation
of the contained code.
There remains a test of i_size though, which was added for btrfs. It
doesn't cause the other filesystems a problem as the test is performed
after ->direct_IO has been called. It is possible that there is a race
that does matter to btrfs, however this patch doesn't change that, so
its still an overall improvement.
Signed-off-by: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Zheng Liu <gnehzuil.liu@gmail.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Acked-by: Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu>
Cc: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Cc: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
And instead convert tmpfs to use the new generic ACL code, with two stub
methods provided for in-memory filesystems.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Bisection between 3.11 and 3.12 fingered commit 9824cf97 ("mm:
vmstats: tlb flush counters") to cause overhead problems.
The counters are undeniably useful but how often do we really
need to debug TLB flush related issues? It does not justify
taking the penalty everywhere so make it a debugging option.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Tested-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linaro.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-XzxjntugxuwpxXhcrxqqh53b@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The VM_SOFTDIRTY bit affects vma merge routine: if two VMAs has all bits
in vm_flags matched except dirty bit the kernel can't longer merge them
and this forces the kernel to generate new VMAs instead.
It finally may lead to the situation when userspace application reaches
vm.max_map_count limit and get crashed in worse case
| (gimp:11768): GLib-ERROR **: gmem.c:110: failed to allocate 4096 bytes
|
| (file-tiff-load:12038): LibGimpBase-WARNING **: file-tiff-load: gimp_wire_read(): error
| xinit: connection to X server lost
|
| waiting for X server to shut down
| /usr/lib64/gimp/2.0/plug-ins/file-tiff-load terminated: Hangup
| /usr/lib64/gimp/2.0/plug-ins/script-fu terminated: Hangup
| /usr/lib64/gimp/2.0/plug-ins/script-fu terminated: Hangup
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=67651https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=719619#c0
Initial problem came from missed VM_SOFTDIRTY in do_brk() routine but
even if we would set up VM_SOFTDIRTY here, there is still a way to
prevent VMAs from merging: one can call
| echo 4 > /proc/$PID/clear_refs
and clear all VM_SOFTDIRTY over all VMAs presented in memory map, then
new do_brk() will try to extend old VMA and finds that dirty bit doesn't
match thus new VMA will be generated.
As discussed with Pavel, the right approach should be to ignore
VM_SOFTDIRTY bit when we're trying to merge VMAs and if merge successed
we mark extended VMA with dirty bit where needed.
Signed-off-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Reported-by: Bastian Hougaard <gnome@rvzt.net>
Reported-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
mm/rmap.c:851:9-10: WARNING: return of 0/1 in function 'invalid_mkclean_vma' with return type bool
Return statements in functions returning bool should use
true/false instead of 1/0.
Generated by: coccinelle/misc/boolreturn.cocci
Signed-off-by: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In the second half of scan_swap_map()'s scan loop, offset is set to
si->lowest_bit and then incremented before entering the loop for the
first time, causing si->swap_map[si->lowest_bit] to be skipped.
Signed-off-by: Jamie Liu <jamieliu@google.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Developers occasionally try and optimise PFN scanners by using
page_order but miss that in general it requires zone->lock. This has
happened twice for compaction.c and rejected both times. This patch
clarifies the documentation of page_order and adds a note to
compaction.c why page_order is not used.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweaks]
[lauraa@codeaurora.org: Corrected a page_zone(page)->lock reference]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Laura Abbott <lauraa@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 19f3940286 ("memcg: simplify mem_cgroup_iter") has reorganized
mem_cgroup_iter code in order to simplify it. A part of that change was
dropping an optimization which didn't call css_tryget on the root of the
walked tree. The patch however didn't change the css_put part in
mem_cgroup_iter which excludes root.
This wasn't an issue at the time because __mem_cgroup_iter_next bailed
out for root early without taking a reference as cgroup iterators
(css_next_descendant_pre) didn't visit root themselves.
Nevertheless cgroup iterators have been reworked to visit root by commit
bd8815a6d8 ("cgroup: make css_for_each_descendant() and friends
include the origin css in the iteration") when the root bypass have been
dropped in __mem_cgroup_iter_next. This means that css_put is not
called for root and so css along with mem_cgroup and other cgroup
internal object tied by css lifetime are never freed.
Fix the issue by reintroducing root check in __mem_cgroup_iter_next and
do not take css reference for it.
This reference counting magic protects us also from another issue, an
endless loop reported by Hugh Dickins when reclaim races with root
removal and css_tryget called by iterator internally would fail. There
would be no other nodes to visit so __mem_cgroup_iter_next would return
NULL and mem_cgroup_iter would interpret it as "start looping from root
again" and so mem_cgroup_iter would loop forever internally.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reported-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Tested-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.12+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Hugh has reported an endless loop when the hardlimit reclaim sees the
same group all the time. This might happen when the reclaim races with
the memcg removal.
shrink_zone
[rmdir root]
mem_cgroup_iter(root, NULL, reclaim)
// prev = NULL
rcu_read_lock()
mem_cgroup_iter_load
last_visited = iter->last_visited // gets root || NULL
css_tryget(last_visited) // failed
last_visited = NULL [1]
memcg = root = __mem_cgroup_iter_next(root, NULL)
mem_cgroup_iter_update
iter->last_visited = root;
reclaim->generation = iter->generation
mem_cgroup_iter(root, root, reclaim)
// prev = root
rcu_read_lock
mem_cgroup_iter_load
last_visited = iter->last_visited // gets root
css_tryget(last_visited) // failed
[1]
The issue seemed to be introduced by commit 5f57816197 ("memcg: relax
memcg iter caching") which has replaced unconditional css_get/css_put by
css_tryget/css_put for the cached iterator.
This patch fixes the issue by skipping css_tryget on the root of the
tree walk in mem_cgroup_iter_load and symmetrically doesn't release it
in mem_cgroup_iter_update.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reported-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Tested-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.10+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When two threads have the same badness score, it's preferable to kill
the thread group leader so that the actual process name is printed to
the kernel log rather than the thread group name which may be shared
amongst several processes.
This was the behavior when select_bad_process() used to do
for_each_process(), but it now iterates threads instead and leads to
ambiguity.
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It is surprising that the mem_cgroup iterator can return memcgs which
have not yet been fully initialized. By accident (or trial and error?)
this appears not to present an actual problem; but it may be better to
prevent such surprises, by skipping memcgs not yet online.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.12+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Shorten mem_cgroup_reclaim_iter.last_dead_count from unsigned long to
int: it's assigned from an int and compared with an int, and adjacent to
an unsigned int: so there's no point to it being unsigned long, which
wasted 104 bytes in every mem_cgroup_per_zone.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Code that is obj-y (always built-in) or dependent on a bool Kconfig
(built-in or absent) can never be modular. So using module_init as an
alias for __initcall can be somewhat misleading.
Fix these up now, so that we can relocate module_init from init.h into
module.h in the future. If we don't do this, we'd have to add module.h
to obviously non-modular code, and that would be a worse thing.
The audit targets the following module_init users for change:
mm/ksm.c bool KSM
mm/mmap.c bool MMU
mm/huge_memory.c bool TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
mm/mmu_notifier.c bool MMU_NOTIFIER
Note that direct use of __initcall is discouraged, vs. one of the
priority categorized subgroups. As __initcall gets mapped onto
device_initcall, our use of subsys_initcall (which makes sense for these
files) will thus change this registration from level 6-device to level
4-subsys (i.e. slightly earlier).
However no observable impact of that difference has been observed during
testing.
One might think that core_initcall (l2) or postcore_initcall (l3) would
be more appropriate for anything in mm/ but if we look at some actual
init functions themselves, we see things like:
mm/huge_memory.c --> hugepage_init --> hugepage_init_sysfs
mm/mmap.c --> init_user_reserve --> sysctl_user_reserve_kbytes
mm/ksm.c --> ksm_init --> sysfs_create_group
and hence the choice of subsys_initcall (l4) seems reasonable, and at
the same time minimizes the risk of changing the priority too
drastically all at once. We can adjust further in the future.
Also, several instances of missing ";" at EOL are fixed.
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The use of __initcall is to be eventually replaced by choosing one from
the prioritized groupings laid out in init.h header:
pure_initcall 0
core_initcall 1
postcore_initcall 2
arch_initcall 3
subsys_initcall 4
fs_initcall 5
device_initcall 6
late_initcall 7
In the interim, all __initcall are mapped onto device_initcall, which as
can be seen above, comes quite late in the ordering.
Currently the mm_kobj is created with __initcall in mm_sysfs_init().
This means that any other initcalls that want to reference the mm_kobj
have to be device_initcall (or later), otherwise we will for example,
trip the BUG_ON(!kobj) in sysfs's internal_create_group(). This
unfairly restricts those users; for example something that clearly makes
sense to be an arch_initcall will not be able to choose that.
However, upon examination, it is only this way for historical reasons
(i.e. simply not reprioritized yet). We see that sysfs is ready quite
earlier in init/main.c via:
vfs_caches_init
|_ mnt_init
|_ sysfs_init
well ahead of the processing of the prioritized calls listed above.
So we can recategorize mm_sysfs_init to be a pure_initcall, which in
turn allows any mm_kobj initcall users a wider range (1 --> 7) of
initcall priorities to choose from.
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
min_free_kbytes may be raised during THP's initialization. Sometimes,
this will change the value which was set by the user. Showing this
message will clarify this confusion.
Only show this message when changing a value which was set by the user
according to Michal Hocko's suggestion.
Show the old value of min_free_kbytes according to Dave Hansen's
suggestion. This will give user the chance to restore old value of
min_free_kbytes.
Signed-off-by: Han Pingtian <hanpt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We don't need to do register_memory_resource() under
lock_memory_hotplug() since it has its own lock and doesn't make any
callbacks.
Also register_memory_resource return NULL on failure so we don't have
anything to cleanup at this point.
The reason for this rfc is I was doing some experiments with hotplugging
of memory on some of our larger systems. While it seems to work, it can
be quite slow. With some preliminary digging I found that
lock_memory_hotplug is clearly ripe for breakup.
It could be broken up per nid or something but it also covers the
online_page_callback. The online_page_callback shouldn't be very hard
to break out.
Also there is the issue of various structures(wmarks come to mind) that
are only updated under the lock_memory_hotplug that would need to be
dealt with.
Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Kamezawa Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: Hedi <hedi@sgi.com>
Cc: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
get_allocated_memblock_reserved_regions_info() should work if it is
compiled in. Extended the ifdef around
get_allocated_memblock_memory_regions_info() to include
get_allocated_memblock_reserved_regions_info() as well. Similar changes
in nobootmem.c/free_low_memory_core_early() where the two functions are
called.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: cleanup]
Signed-off-by: Philipp Hachtmann <phacht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: qiuxishi <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Daeseok Youn <daeseok.youn@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiang Liu <liuj97@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Cc: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If a shrinker is not NUMA-aware, shrink_slab() should call it exactly
once with nid=0, but currently it is not true: if node 0 is not set in
the nodemask or if it is not online, we will not call such shrinkers at
all. As a result some slabs will be left untouched under some
circumstances. Let us fix it.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Reported-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When reclaiming kmem, we currently don't scan slabs that have less than
batch_size objects (see shrink_slab_node()):
while (total_scan >= batch_size) {
shrinkctl->nr_to_scan = batch_size;
shrinker->scan_objects(shrinker, shrinkctl);
total_scan -= batch_size;
}
If there are only a few shrinkers available, such a behavior won't cause
any problems, because the batch_size is usually small, but if we have a
lot of slab shrinkers, which is perfectly possible since FS shrinkers
are now per-superblock, we can end up with hundreds of megabytes of
practically unreclaimable kmem objects. For instance, mounting a
thousand of ext2 FS images with a hundred of files in each and iterating
over all the files using du(1) will result in about 200 Mb of FS caches
that cannot be dropped even with the aid of the vm.drop_caches sysctl!
This problem was initially pointed out by Glauber Costa [*]. Glauber
proposed to fix it by making the shrink_slab() always take at least one
pass, to put it simply, turning the scan loop above to a do{}while()
loop. However, this proposal was rejected, because it could result in
more aggressive and frequent slab shrinking even under low memory
pressure when total_scan is naturally very small.
This patch is a slightly modified version of Glauber's approach.
Similarly to Glauber's patch, it makes shrink_slab() scan less than
batch_size objects, but only if the total number of objects we want to
scan (total_scan) is greater than the total number of objects available
(max_pass). Since total_scan is biased as half max_pass if the current
delta change is small:
if (delta < max_pass / 4)
total_scan = min(total_scan, max_pass / 2);
this is only possible if we are scanning at high prio. That said, this
patch shouldn't change the vmscan behaviour if the memory pressure is
low, but if we are tight on memory, we will do our best by trying to
reclaim all available objects, which sounds reasonable.
[*] http://www.spinics.net/lists/cgroups/msg06913.html
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 7851a45cd3 ("mm: numa: Copy cpupid on page migration") copiess
over the cpupid at page migration time. It is unnecessary to set it
again in migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page().
Signed-off-by: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If echo -1 > /proc/vm/sys/min_free_kbytes, the system will hang. Changing
proc_dointvec() to proc_dointvec_minmax() in the
min_free_kbytes_sysctl_handler() can prevent this to happen.
mhocko said:
: You can still do echo $BIG_VALUE > /proc/vm/sys/min_free_kbytes and make
: your machine unusable but I agree that proc_dointvec_minmax is more
: suitable here as we already have:
:
: .proc_handler = min_free_kbytes_sysctl_handler,
: .extra1 = &zero,
:
: It used to work properly but then 6fce56ec91 ("sysctl: Remove references
: to ctl_name and strategy from the generic sysctl table") has removed
: sysctl_intvec strategy and so extra1 is ignored.
Signed-off-by: Han Pingtian <hanpt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 11c731e81b ("mm/mempolicy: fix !vma in new_vma_page()") has
removed BUG_ON(!vma) from new_vma_page which is partially correct
because page_address_in_vma will return EFAULT for non-linear mappings
and at least shared shmem might be mapped this way.
The patch also tried to prevent NULL ptr for hugetlb pages which is not
correct AFAICS because hugetlb pages cannot be mapped as VM_NONLINEAR
and other conditions in page_address_in_vma seem to be legit and catch
real bugs.
This patch restores BUG_ON for PageHuge to catch potential issues when
the to-be-migrated page is not setup properly.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Bob Liu <bob.liu@oracle.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
After thp split in hwpoison_user_mappings(), we hold page lock on the
raw error page only between try_to_unmap, hence we are in danger of race
condition.
I found in the RHEL7 MCE-relay testing that we have "bad page" error
when a memory error happens on a thp tail page used by qemu-kvm:
Triggering MCE exception on CPU 10
mce: [Hardware Error]: Machine check events logged
MCE exception done on CPU 10
MCE 0x38c535: Killing qemu-kvm:8418 due to hardware memory corruption
MCE 0x38c535: dirty LRU page recovery: Recovered
qemu-kvm[8418]: segfault at 20 ip 00007ffb0f0f229a sp 00007fffd6bc5240 error 4 in qemu-kvm[7ffb0ef14000+420000]
BUG: Bad page state in process qemu-kvm pfn:38c400
page:ffffea000e310000 count:0 mapcount:0 mapping: (null) index:0x7ffae3c00
page flags: 0x2fffff0008001d(locked|referenced|uptodate|dirty|swapbacked)
Modules linked in: hwpoison_inject mce_inject vhost_net macvtap macvlan ...
CPU: 0 PID: 8418 Comm: qemu-kvm Tainted: G M -------------- 3.10.0-54.0.1.el7.mce_test_fixed.x86_64 #1
Hardware name: NEC NEC Express5800/R120b-1 [N8100-1719F]/MS-91E7-001, BIOS 4.6.3C19 02/10/2011
Call Trace:
dump_stack+0x19/0x1b
bad_page.part.59+0xcf/0xe8
free_pages_prepare+0x148/0x160
free_hot_cold_page+0x31/0x140
free_hot_cold_page_list+0x46/0xa0
release_pages+0x1c1/0x200
free_pages_and_swap_cache+0xad/0xd0
tlb_flush_mmu.part.46+0x4c/0x90
tlb_finish_mmu+0x55/0x60
exit_mmap+0xcb/0x170
mmput+0x67/0xf0
vhost_dev_cleanup+0x231/0x260 [vhost_net]
vhost_net_release+0x3f/0x90 [vhost_net]
__fput+0xe9/0x270
____fput+0xe/0x10
task_work_run+0xc4/0xe0
do_exit+0x2bb/0xa40
do_group_exit+0x3f/0xa0
get_signal_to_deliver+0x1d0/0x6e0
do_signal+0x48/0x5e0
do_notify_resume+0x71/0xc0
retint_signal+0x48/0x8c
The reason of this bug is that a page fault happens before unlocking the
head page at the end of memory_failure(). This strange page fault is
trying to access to address 0x20 and I'm not sure why qemu-kvm does
this, but anyway as a result the SIGSEGV makes qemu-kvm exit and on the
way we catch the bad page bug/warning because we try to free a locked
page (which was the former head page.)
To fix this, this patch suggests to shift page lock from head page to
tail page just after thp split. SIGSEGV still happens, but it affects
only error affected VMs, not a whole system.
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.9+] # a3e0f9e47d "mm/memory-failure.c: transfer page count from head page to tail page after split thp"
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add a working sysctl to enable/disable automatic numa memory balancing
at runtime.
This allows us to track down performance problems with this feature and
is generally a good idea.
This was possible earlier through debugfs, but only with special
debugging options set. Also fix the boot message.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/sched_numa_balancing/sysctl_numa_balancing/]
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When calling free_all_bootmem() the free areas under memblock's control
are released to the buddy allocator. Additionally the reserved list is
freed if it was reallocated by memblock. The same should apply for the
memory list.
Signed-off-by: Philipp Hachtmann <phacht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>
Cc: Jianguo Wu <wujianguo@huawei.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When memblock_reserve() fails because memblock.reserved.regions cannot
be resized, the caller (e.g. alloc_bootmem()) is not informed of the
failed allocation. Therefore alloc_bootmem() silently returns the same
pointer again and again.
This patch adds a check for the return value of memblock_reserve() in
__alloc_memory_core().
Signed-off-by: Philipp Hachtmann <phacht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently we take both the memcg_create_mutex and the set_limit_mutex
when we enable kmem accounting for a memory cgroup, which makes kmem
activation events serialize with both memcg creations and other memcg
limit updates (memory.limit, memory.memsw.limit). However, there is no
point in such strict synchronization rules there.
First, the set_limit_mutex was introduced to keep the memory.limit and
memory.memsw.limit values in sync. Since memory.kmem.limit can be set
independently of them, it is better to introduce a separate mutex to
synchronize against concurrent kmem limit updates.
Second, we take the memcg_create_mutex in order to make sure all
children of this memcg will be kmem-active as well. For achieving that,
it is enough to hold this mutex only while checking if
memcg_has_children() though. This guarantees that if a child is added
after we checked that the memcg has no children, the newly added cgroup
will see its parent kmem-active (of course if the latter succeeded), and
call kmem activation for itself.
This patch simplifies the locking rules of memcg_update_kmem_limit()
according to these considerations.
[vdavydov@parallels.com: fix unintialized var warning]
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently we have two state bits in mem_cgroup::kmem_account_flags
regarding kmem accounting activation, ACTIVATED and ACTIVE. We start
kmem accounting only if both flags are set (memcg_can_account_kmem()),
plus throughout the code there are several places where we check only
the ACTIVE flag, but we never check the ACTIVATED flag alone. These
flags are both set from memcg_update_kmem_limit() under the
set_limit_mutex, the ACTIVE flag always being set after ACTIVATED, and
they never get cleared. That said checking if both flags are set is
equivalent to checking only for the ACTIVE flag, and since there is no
ACTIVATED flag checks, we can safely remove the ACTIVATED flag, and
nothing will change.
Let's try to understand what was the reason for introducing these flags.
The purpose of the ACTIVE flag is clear - it states that kmem should be
accounting to the cgroup. The only requirement for it is that it should
be set after we have fully initialized kmem accounting bits for the
cgroup and patched all static branches relating to kmem accounting.
Since we always check if static branch is enabled before actually
considering if we should account (otherwise we wouldn't benefit from
static branching), this guarantees us that we won't skip a commit or
uncharge after a charge due to an unpatched static branch.
Now let's move on to the ACTIVATED bit. As I proved in the beginning of
this message, it is absolutely useless, and removing it will change
nothing. So what was the reason introducing it?
The ACTIVATED flag was introduced by commit a8964b9b84 ("memcg: use
static branches when code not in use") in order to guarantee that
static_key_slow_inc(&memcg_kmem_enabled_key) would be called only once
for each memory cgroup when its kmem accounting was activated. The
point was that at that time the memcg_update_kmem_limit() function's
work-flow looked like this:
bool must_inc_static_branch = false;
cgroup_lock();
mutex_lock(&set_limit_mutex);
if (!memcg->kmem_account_flags && val != RESOURCE_MAX) {
/* The kmem limit is set for the first time */
ret = res_counter_set_limit(&memcg->kmem, val);
memcg_kmem_set_activated(memcg);
must_inc_static_branch = true;
} else
ret = res_counter_set_limit(&memcg->kmem, val);
mutex_unlock(&set_limit_mutex);
cgroup_unlock();
if (must_inc_static_branch) {
/* We can't do this under cgroup_lock */
static_key_slow_inc(&memcg_kmem_enabled_key);
memcg_kmem_set_active(memcg);
}
So that without the ACTIVATED flag we could race with other threads
trying to set the limit and increment the static branching ref-counter
more than once. Today we call the whole memcg_update_kmem_limit()
function under the set_limit_mutex and this race is impossible.
As now we understand why the ACTIVATED bit was introduced and why we
don't need it now, and know that removing it will change nothing anyway,
let's get rid of it.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We relocate root cache's memcg_params whenever we need to grow the
memcg_caches array to accommodate all kmem-active memory cgroups.
Currently on relocation we free the old version immediately, which can
lead to use-after-free, because the memcg_caches array is accessed
lock-free (see cache_from_memcg_idx()). This patch fixes this by making
memcg_params RCU-protected for root caches.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There is no point in flooding logs with warnings or especially crashing
the system if we fail to create a cache for a memcg. In this case we
will be accounting the memcg allocation to the root cgroup until we
succeed to create its own cache, but it isn't that critical.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
kmem_cache_dup() is only called from memcg_create_kmem_cache(). The
latter, in fact, does nothing besides this, so let's fold
kmem_cache_dup() into memcg_create_kmem_cache().
This patch also makes the memcg_cache_mutex private to
memcg_create_kmem_cache(), because it is not used anywhere else.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We obtain a per-memcg cache from a root kmem_cache by dereferencing an
entry of the root cache's memcg_params::memcg_caches array. If we find
no cache for a memcg there on allocation, we initiate the memcg cache
creation (see memcg_kmem_get_cache()). The cache creation proceeds
asynchronously in memcg_create_kmem_cache() in order to avoid lock
clashes, so there can be several threads trying to create the same
kmem_cache concurrently, but only one of them may succeed. However, due
to a race in the code, it is not always true. The point is that the
memcg_caches array can be relocated when we activate kmem accounting for
a memcg (see memcg_update_all_caches(), memcg_update_cache_size()). If
memcg_update_cache_size() and memcg_create_kmem_cache() proceed
concurrently as described below, we can leak a kmem_cache.
Asume two threads schedule creation of the same kmem_cache. One of them
successfully creates it. Another one should fail then, but if
memcg_create_kmem_cache() interleaves with memcg_update_cache_size() as
follows, it won't:
memcg_create_kmem_cache() memcg_update_cache_size()
(called w/o mutexes held) (called with slab_mutex,
set_limit_mutex held)
------------------------- -------------------------
mutex_lock(&memcg_cache_mutex)
s->memcg_params=kzalloc(...)
new_cachep=cache_from_memcg_idx(cachep,idx)
// new_cachep==NULL => proceed to creation
s->memcg_params->memcg_caches[i]
=cur_params->memcg_caches[i]
// kmem_cache_create_memcg takes slab_mutex
// so we will hang around until
// memcg_update_cache_size finishes, but
// nothing will prevent it from succeeding so
// memcg_caches[idx] will be overwritten in
// memcg_register_cache!
new_cachep = kmem_cache_create_memcg(...)
mutex_unlock(&memcg_cache_mutex)
Let's fix this by moving the check for existence of the memcg cache to
kmem_cache_create_memcg() to be called under the slab_mutex and make it
return NULL if so.
A similar race is possible when destroying a memcg cache (see
kmem_cache_destroy()). Since memcg_unregister_cache(), which clears the
pointer in the memcg_caches array, is called w/o protection, we can race
with memcg_update_cache_size() and omit clearing the pointer. Therefore
memcg_unregister_cache() should be moved before we release the
slab_mutex.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
All caches of the same memory cgroup are linked in the memcg_slab_caches
list via kmem_cache::memcg_params::list. This list is traversed, for
example, when we read memory.kmem.slabinfo.
Since the list actually consists of memcg_cache_params objects, we have
to convert an element of the list to a kmem_cache object using
memcg_params_to_cache(), which obtains the pointer to the cache from the
memcg_params::memcg_caches array of the corresponding root cache. That
said the pointer to a kmem_cache in its parent's memcg_params must be
initialized before adding the cache to the list, and cleared only after
it has been unlinked. Currently it is vice-versa, which can result in a
NULL ptr dereference while traversing the memcg_slab_caches list. This
patch restores the correct order.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Each root kmem_cache has pointers to per-memcg caches stored in its
memcg_params::memcg_caches array. Whenever we want to allocate a slab
for a memcg, we access this array to get per-memcg cache to allocate
from (see memcg_kmem_get_cache()). The access must be lock-free for
performance reasons, so we should use barriers to assert the kmem_cache
is up-to-date.
First, we should place a write barrier immediately before setting the
pointer to it in the memcg_caches array in order to make sure nobody
will see a partially initialized object. Second, we should issue a read
barrier before dereferencing the pointer to conform to the write
barrier.
However, currently the barrier usage looks rather strange. We have a
write barrier *after* setting the pointer and a read barrier *before*
reading the pointer, which is incorrect. This patch fixes this.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently, we have rather a messy function set relating to per-memcg
kmem cache initialization/destruction.
Per-memcg caches are created in memcg_create_kmem_cache(). This
function calls kmem_cache_create_memcg() to allocate and initialize a
kmem cache and then "registers" the new cache in the
memcg_params::memcg_caches array of the parent cache.
During its work-flow, kmem_cache_create_memcg() executes the following
memcg-related functions:
- memcg_alloc_cache_params(), to initialize memcg_params of the newly
created cache;
- memcg_cache_list_add(), to add the new cache to the memcg_slab_caches
list.
On the other hand, kmem_cache_destroy() called on a cache destruction
only calls memcg_release_cache(), which does all the work: it cleans the
reference to the cache in its parent's memcg_params::memcg_caches,
removes the cache from the memcg_slab_caches list, and frees
memcg_params.
Such an inconsistency between destruction and initialization paths make
the code difficult to read, so let's clean this up a bit.
This patch moves all the code relating to registration of per-memcg
caches (adding to memcg list, setting the pointer to a cache from its
parent) to the newly created memcg_register_cache() and
memcg_unregister_cache() functions making the initialization and
destruction paths look symmetrical.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We do not free the cache's memcg_params if __kmem_cache_create fails.
Fix this.
Plus, rename memcg_register_cache() to memcg_alloc_cache_params(),
because it actually does not register the cache anywhere, but simply
initialize kmem_cache::memcg_params.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build]
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently kmem_cache_create_memcg() backoffs on failure inside
conditionals, without using gotos. This results in the rollback code
duplication, which makes the function look cumbersome even though on
error we should only free the allocated cache. Since in the next patch
I am going to add yet another rollback function call on error path
there, let's employ labels instead of conditionals for undoing any
changes on failure to keep things clean.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Reviewed-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Most of the VM_BUG_ON assertions are performed on a page. Usually, when
one of these assertions fails we'll get a BUG_ON with a call stack and
the registers.
I've recently noticed based on the requests to add a small piece of code
that dumps the page to various VM_BUG_ON sites that the page dump is
quite useful to people debugging issues in mm.
This patch adds a VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(cond, page) which beyond doing what
VM_BUG_ON() does, also dumps the page before executing the actual
BUG_ON.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix up includes]
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The vmalloc was introduced by 3332794878 ("memcgroup: use vmalloc for
mem_cgroup allocation"), because at that time MAX_NUMNODES was used for
defining the per-node array in the mem_cgroup structure so that the
structure could be huge even if the system had the only NUMA node.
The situation was significantly improved by commit 45cf7ebd5a ("memcg:
reduce the size of struct memcg 244-fold"), which made the size of the
mem_cgroup structure calculated dynamically depending on the real number
of NUMA nodes installed on the system (nr_node_ids), so now there is no
point in using vmalloc here: the structure is allocated rarely and on
most systems its size is about 1K.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Since commit ff6a6da60b ("mm: accelerate munlock() treatment of THP
pages") munlock skips tail pages of a munlocked THP page. There is some
attempt to prevent bad consequences of racing with a THP page split, but
code inspection indicates that there are two problems that may lead to a
non-fatal, yet wrong outcome.
First, __split_huge_page_refcount() copies flags including PageMlocked
from the head page to the tail pages. Clearing PageMlocked by
munlock_vma_page() in the middle of this operation might result in part
of tail pages left with PageMlocked flag. As the head page still
appears to be a THP page until all tail pages are processed,
munlock_vma_page() might think it munlocked the whole THP page and skip
all the former tail pages. Before ff6a6da60, those pages would be
cleared in further iterations of munlock_vma_pages_range(), but NR_MLOCK
would still become undercounted (related the next point).
Second, NR_MLOCK accounting is based on call to hpage_nr_pages() after
the PageMlocked is cleared. The accounting might also become
inconsistent due to race with __split_huge_page_refcount()
- undercount when HUGE_PMD_NR is subtracted, but some tail pages are
left with PageMlocked set and counted again (only possible before
ff6a6da60)
- overcount when hpage_nr_pages() sees a normal page (split has already
finished), but the parallel split has meanwhile cleared PageMlocked from
additional tail pages
This patch prevents both problems via extending the scope of lru_lock in
munlock_vma_page(). This is convenient because:
- __split_huge_page_refcount() takes lru_lock for its whole operation
- munlock_vma_page() typically takes lru_lock anyway for page isolation
As this becomes a second function where page isolation is done with
lru_lock already held, factor this out to a new
__munlock_isolate_lru_page() function and clean up the code around.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: avoid a coding-style ugly]
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
bad_page() is cool in that it prints out a bunch of data about the page.
But, I can never remember which page flags are good and which are bad,
or whether ->index or ->mapping is required to be NULL.
This patch allows bad/dump_page() callers to specify a string about why
they are dumping the page and adds explanation strings to a number of
places. It also adds a 'bad_flags' argument to bad_page(), which it
then dumps out separately from the flags which are actually set.
This way, the messages will show specifically why the page was bad,
*specifically* which flags it is complaining about, if it was a page
flag combination which was the problem.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: switch to pr_alert]
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The "compressor" and "enabled" params are currently hidden, this changes
them to read-only, so userspace can tell if zswap is enabled or not and
see what compressor is in use.
Signed-off-by: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Cc: Vladimir Murzin <murzin.v@gmail.com>
Cc: Bob Liu <bob.liu@oracle.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Weijie Yang <weijie.yang@samsung.com>
Acked-by: Seth Jennings <sjennings@variantweb.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge first patch-bomb from Andrew Morton:
- a couple of misc things
- inotify/fsnotify work from Jan
- ocfs2 updates (partial)
- about half of MM
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (117 commits)
mm/migrate: remove unused function, fail_migrate_page()
mm/migrate: remove putback_lru_pages, fix comment on putback_movable_pages
mm/migrate: correct failure handling if !hugepage_migration_support()
mm/migrate: add comment about permanent failure path
mm, page_alloc: warn for non-blockable __GFP_NOFAIL allocation failure
mm: compaction: reset scanner positions immediately when they meet
mm: compaction: do not mark unmovable pageblocks as skipped in async compaction
mm: compaction: detect when scanners meet in isolate_freepages
mm: compaction: reset cached scanner pfn's before reading them
mm: compaction: encapsulate defer reset logic
mm: compaction: trace compaction begin and end
memcg, oom: lock mem_cgroup_print_oom_info
sched: add tracepoints related to NUMA task migration
mm: numa: do not automatically migrate KSM pages
mm: numa: trace tasks that fail migration due to rate limiting
mm: numa: limit scope of lock for NUMA migrate rate limiting
mm: numa: make NUMA-migrate related functions static
lib/show_mem.c: show num_poisoned_pages when oom
mm/hwpoison: add '#' to hwpoison_inject
mm/memblock: use WARN_ONCE when MAX_NUMNODES passed as input parameter
...
Pull cgroup updates from Tejun Heo:
"The bulk of changes are cleanups and preparations for the upcoming
kernfs conversion.
- cgroup_event mechanism which is and will be used only by memcg is
moved to memcg.
- pidlist handling is updated so that it can be served by seq_file.
Also, the list is not sorted if sane_behavior. cgroup
documentation explicitly states that the file is not sorted but it
has been for quite some time.
- All cgroup file handling now happens on top of seq_file. This is
to prepare for kernfs conversion. In addition, all operations are
restructured so that they map 1-1 to kernfs operations.
- Other cleanups and low-pri fixes"
* 'for-3.14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup: (40 commits)
cgroup: trivial style updates
cgroup: remove stray references to css_id
doc: cgroups: Fix typo in doc/cgroups
cgroup: fix fail path in cgroup_load_subsys()
cgroup: fix missing unlock on error in cgroup_load_subsys()
cgroup: remove for_each_root_subsys()
cgroup: implement for_each_css()
cgroup: factor out cgroup_subsys_state creation into create_css()
cgroup: combine css handling loops in cgroup_create()
cgroup: reorder operations in cgroup_create()
cgroup: make for_each_subsys() useable under cgroup_root_mutex
cgroup: css iterations and css_from_dir() are safe under cgroup_mutex
cgroup: unify pidlist and other file handling
cgroup: replace cftype->read_seq_string() with cftype->seq_show()
cgroup: attach cgroup_open_file to all cgroup files
cgroup: generalize cgroup_pidlist_open_file
cgroup: unify read path so that seq_file is always used
cgroup: unify cgroup_write_X64() and cgroup_write_string()
cgroup: remove cftype->read(), ->read_map() and ->write()
hugetlb_cgroup: convert away from cftype->read()
...
Pull percpu changes from Tejun Heo:
"Two trivial changes - addition of WARN_ONCE() in lib/percpu-refcount.c
and use of VMALLOC_TOTAL instead of END - START in percpu.c"
* 'for-3.14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu:
percpu: use VMALLOC_TOTAL instead of VMALLOC_END - VMALLOC_START
percpu-refcount: Add a WARN() for ref going negative
Some part of putback_lru_pages() and putback_movable_pages() is
duplicated, so it could confuse us what we should use. We can remove
putback_lru_pages() since it is not really needed now. This makes us
undestand and maintain the code more easily.
And comment on putback_movable_pages() is stale now, so fix it.
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Reviewed-by: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We should remove the page from the list if we fail with ENOSYS, since
migrate_pages() consider error cases except -ENOMEM and -EAGAIN as
permanent failure and it assumes that the page would be removed from the
list. Without this patch, we could overcount number of failure.
In addition, we should put back the new hugepage if
!hugepage_migration_support(). If not, we would leak hugepage memory.
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Reviewed-by: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Let's add a comment about where the failed page goes to, which makes
code more readable.
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Reviewed-by: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
__GFP_NOFAIL may return NULL when coupled with GFP_NOWAIT or GFP_ATOMIC.
Luckily, nothing currently does such craziness. So instead of causing
such allocations to loop (potentially forever), we maintain the current
behavior and also warn about the new users of the deprecated flag.
Suggested-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Compaction used to start its migrate and free page scaners at the zone's
lowest and highest pfn, respectively. Later, caching was introduced to
remember the scanners' progress across compaction attempts so that
pageblocks are not re-scanned uselessly. Additionally, pageblocks where
isolation failed are marked to be quickly skipped when encountered again
in future compactions.
Currently, both the reset of cached pfn's and clearing of the pageblock
skip information for a zone is done in __reset_isolation_suitable().
This function gets called when:
- compaction is restarting after being deferred
- compact_blockskip_flush flag is set in compact_finished() when the scanners
meet (and not again cleared when direct compaction succeeds in allocation)
and kswapd acts upon this flag before going to sleep
This behavior is suboptimal for several reasons:
- when direct sync compaction is called after async compaction fails (in the
allocation slowpath), it will effectively do nothing, unless kswapd
happens to process the compact_blockskip_flush flag meanwhile. This is racy
and goes against the purpose of sync compaction to more thoroughly retry
the compaction of a zone where async compaction has failed.
The restart-after-deferring path cannot help here as deferring happens only
after the sync compaction fails. It is also done only for the preferred
zone, while the compaction might be done for a fallback zone.
- the mechanism of marking pageblock to be skipped has little value since the
cached pfn's are reset only together with the pageblock skip flags. This
effectively limits pageblock skip usage to parallel compactions.
This patch changes compact_finished() so that cached pfn's are reset
immediately when the scanners meet. Clearing pageblock skip flags is
unchanged, as well as the other situations where cached pfn's are reset.
This allows the sync-after-async compaction to retry pageblocks not
marked as skipped, such as blocks !MIGRATE_MOVABLE blocks that async
compactions now skips without marking them.
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Compaction temporarily marks pageblocks where it fails to isolate pages
as to-be-skipped in further compactions, in order to improve efficiency.
One of the reasons to fail isolating pages is that isolation is not
attempted in pageblocks that are not of MIGRATE_MOVABLE (or CMA) type.
The problem is that blocks skipped due to not being MIGRATE_MOVABLE in
async compaction become skipped due to the temporary mark also in future
sync compaction. Moreover, this may follow quite soon during
__alloc_page_slowpath, without much time for kswapd to clear the
pageblock skip marks. This goes against the idea that sync compaction
should try to scan these blocks more thoroughly than the async
compaction.
The fix is to ensure in async compaction that these !MIGRATE_MOVABLE
blocks are not marked to be skipped. Note this should not affect
performance or locking impact of further async compactions, as skipping
a block due to being !MIGRATE_MOVABLE is done soon after skipping a
block marked to be skipped, both without locking.
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Compaction of a zone is finished when the migrate scanner (which begins
at the zone's lowest pfn) meets the free page scanner (which begins at
the zone's highest pfn). This is detected in compact_zone() and in the
case of direct compaction, the compact_blockskip_flush flag is set so
that kswapd later resets the cached scanner pfn's, and a new compaction
may again start at the zone's borders.
The meeting of the scanners can happen during either scanner's activity.
However, it may currently fail to be detected when it occurs in the free
page scanner, due to two problems. First, isolate_freepages() keeps
free_pfn at the highest block where it isolated pages from, for the
purposes of not missing the pages that are returned back to allocator
when migration fails. Second, failing to isolate enough free pages due
to scanners meeting results in -ENOMEM being returned by
migrate_pages(), which makes compact_zone() bail out immediately without
calling compact_finished() that would detect scanners meeting.
This failure to detect scanners meeting might result in repeated
attempts at compaction of a zone that keep starting from the cached
pfn's close to the meeting point, and quickly failing through the
-ENOMEM path, without the cached pfns being reset, over and over. This
has been observed (through additional tracepoints) in the third phase of
the mmtests stress-highalloc benchmark, where the allocator runs on an
otherwise idle system. The problem was observed in the DMA32 zone,
which was used as a fallback to the preferred Normal zone, but on the
4GB system it was actually the largest zone. The problem is even
amplified for such fallback zone - the deferred compaction logic, which
could (after being fixed by a previous patch) reset the cached scanner
pfn's, is only applied to the preferred zone and not for the fallbacks.
The problem in the third phase of the benchmark was further amplified by
commit 81c0a2bb51 ("mm: page_alloc: fair zone allocator policy") which
resulted in a non-deterministic regression of the allocation success
rate from ~85% to ~65%. This occurs in about half of benchmark runs,
making bisection problematic. It is unlikely that the commit itself is
buggy, but it should put more pressure on the DMA32 zone during phases 1
and 2, which may leave it more fragmented in phase 3 and expose the bugs
that this patch fixes.
The fix is to make scanners meeting in isolate_freepage() stay that way,
and to check in compact_zone() for scanners meeting when migrate_pages()
returns -ENOMEM. The result is that compact_finished() also detects
scanners meeting and sets the compact_blockskip_flush flag to make
kswapd reset the scanner pfn's.
The results in stress-highalloc benchmark show that the "regression" by
commit 81c0a2bb51 in phase 3 no longer occurs, and phase 1 and 2
allocation success rates are also significantly improved.
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Compaction caches pfn's for its migrate and free scanners to avoid
scanning the whole zone each time. In compact_zone(), the cached values
are read to set up initial values for the scanners. There are several
situations when these cached pfn's are reset to the first and last pfn
of the zone, respectively. One of these situations is when a compaction
has been deferred for a zone and is now being restarted during a direct
compaction, which is also done in compact_zone().
However, compact_zone() currently reads the cached pfn's *before*
resetting them. This means the reset doesn't affect the compaction that
performs it, and with good chance also subsequent compactions, as
update_pageblock_skip() is likely to be called and update the cached
pfn's to those being processed. Another chance for a successful reset
is when a direct compaction detects that migration and free scanners
meet (which has its own problems addressed by another patch) and sets
update_pageblock_skip flag which kswapd uses to do the reset because it
goes to sleep.
This is clearly a bug that results in non-deterministic behavior, so
this patch moves the cached pfn reset to be performed *before* the
values are read.
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently there are several functions to manipulate the deferred
compaction state variables. The remaining case where the variables are
touched directly is when a successful allocation occurs in direct
compaction, or is expected to be successful in the future by kswapd.
Here, the lowest order that is expected to fail is updated, and in the
case of successful allocation, the deferred status and counter is reset
completely.
Create a new function compaction_defer_reset() to encapsulate this
functionality and make it easier to understand the code. No functional
change.
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The broad goal of the series is to improve allocation success rates for
huge pages through memory compaction, while trying not to increase the
compaction overhead. The original objective was to reintroduce
capturing of high-order pages freed by the compaction, before they are
split by concurrent activity. However, several bugs and opportunities
for simple improvements were found in the current implementation, mostly
through extra tracepoints (which are however too ugly for now to be
considered for sending).
The patches mostly deal with two mechanisms that reduce compaction
overhead, which is caching the progress of migrate and free scanners,
and marking pageblocks where isolation failed to be skipped during
further scans.
Patch 1 (from mgorman) adds tracepoints that allow calculate time spent in
compaction and potentially debug scanner pfn values.
Patch 2 encapsulates the some functionality for handling deferred compactions
for better maintainability, without a functional change
type is not determined without being actually needed.
Patch 3 fixes a bug where cached scanner pfn's are sometimes reset only after
they have been read to initialize a compaction run.
Patch 4 fixes a bug where scanners meeting is sometimes not properly detected
and can lead to multiple compaction attempts quitting early without
doing any work.
Patch 5 improves the chances of sync compaction to process pageblocks that
async compaction has skipped due to being !MIGRATE_MOVABLE.
Patch 6 improves the chances of sync direct compaction to actually do anything
when called after async compaction fails during allocation slowpath.
The impact of patches were validated using mmtests's stress-highalloc
benchmark with mmtests's stress-highalloc benchmark on a x86_64 machine
with 4GB memory.
Due to instability of the results (mostly related to the bugs fixed by
patches 2 and 3), 10 iterations were performed, taking min,mean,max
values for success rates and mean values for time and vmstat-based
metrics.
First, the default GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE allocations were tested with the
patches stacked on top of v3.13-rc2. Patch 2 is OK to serve as baseline
due to no functional changes in 1 and 2. Comments below.
stress-highalloc
3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2
2-nothp 3-nothp 4-nothp 5-nothp 6-nothp
Success 1 Min 9.00 ( 0.00%) 10.00 (-11.11%) 43.00 (-377.78%) 43.00 (-377.78%) 33.00 (-266.67%)
Success 1 Mean 27.50 ( 0.00%) 25.30 ( 8.00%) 45.50 (-65.45%) 45.90 (-66.91%) 46.30 (-68.36%)
Success 1 Max 36.00 ( 0.00%) 36.00 ( 0.00%) 47.00 (-30.56%) 48.00 (-33.33%) 52.00 (-44.44%)
Success 2 Min 10.00 ( 0.00%) 8.00 ( 20.00%) 46.00 (-360.00%) 45.00 (-350.00%) 35.00 (-250.00%)
Success 2 Mean 26.40 ( 0.00%) 23.50 ( 10.98%) 47.30 (-79.17%) 47.60 (-80.30%) 48.10 (-82.20%)
Success 2 Max 34.00 ( 0.00%) 33.00 ( 2.94%) 48.00 (-41.18%) 50.00 (-47.06%) 54.00 (-58.82%)
Success 3 Min 65.00 ( 0.00%) 63.00 ( 3.08%) 85.00 (-30.77%) 84.00 (-29.23%) 85.00 (-30.77%)
Success 3 Mean 76.70 ( 0.00%) 70.50 ( 8.08%) 86.20 (-12.39%) 85.50 (-11.47%) 86.00 (-12.13%)
Success 3 Max 87.00 ( 0.00%) 86.00 ( 1.15%) 88.00 ( -1.15%) 87.00 ( 0.00%) 87.00 ( 0.00%)
3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2
2-nothp 3-nothp 4-nothp 5-nothp 6-nothp
User 6437.72 6459.76 5960.32 5974.55 6019.67
System 1049.65 1049.09 1029.32 1031.47 1032.31
Elapsed 1856.77 1874.48 1949.97 1994.22 1983.15
3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2
2-nothp 3-nothp 4-nothp 5-nothp 6-nothp
Minor Faults 253952267 254581900 250030122 250507333 250157829
Major Faults 420 407 506 530 530
Swap Ins 4 9 9 6 6
Swap Outs 398 375 345 346 333
Direct pages scanned 197538 189017 298574 287019 299063
Kswapd pages scanned 1809843 1801308 1846674 1873184 1861089
Kswapd pages reclaimed 1806972 1798684 1844219 1870509 1858622
Direct pages reclaimed 197227 188829 298380 286822 298835
Kswapd efficiency 99% 99% 99% 99% 99%
Kswapd velocity 953.382 970.449 952.243 934.569 922.286
Direct efficiency 99% 99% 99% 99% 99%
Direct velocity 104.058 101.832 153.961 143.200 148.205
Percentage direct scans 9% 9% 13% 13% 13%
Zone normal velocity 347.289 359.676 348.063 339.933 332.983
Zone dma32 velocity 710.151 712.605 758.140 737.835 737.507
Zone dma velocity 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Page writes by reclaim 557.600 429.000 353.600 426.400 381.800
Page writes file 159 53 7 79 48
Page writes anon 398 375 345 346 333
Page reclaim immediate 825 644 411 575 420
Sector Reads 2781750 2769780 2878547 2939128 2910483
Sector Writes 12080843 12083351 12012892 12002132 12010745
Page rescued immediate 0 0 0 0 0
Slabs scanned 1575654 1545344 1778406 1786700 1794073
Direct inode steals 9657 10037 15795 14104 14645
Kswapd inode steals 46857 46335 50543 50716 51796
Kswapd skipped wait 0 0 0 0 0
THP fault alloc 97 91 81 71 77
THP collapse alloc 456 506 546 544 565
THP splits 6 5 5 4 4
THP fault fallback 0 1 0 0 0
THP collapse fail 14 14 12 13 12
Compaction stalls 1006 980 1537 1536 1548
Compaction success 303 284 562 559 578
Compaction failures 702 696 974 976 969
Page migrate success 1177325 1070077 3927538 3781870 3877057
Page migrate failure 0 0 0 0 0
Compaction pages isolated 2547248 2306457 8301218 8008500 8200674
Compaction migrate scanned 42290478 38832618 153961130 154143900 159141197
Compaction free scanned 89199429 79189151 356529027 351943166 356326727
Compaction cost 1566 1426 5312 5156 5294
NUMA PTE updates 0 0 0 0 0
NUMA hint faults 0 0 0 0 0
NUMA hint local faults 0 0 0 0 0
NUMA hint local percent 100 100 100 100 100
NUMA pages migrated 0 0 0 0 0
AutoNUMA cost 0 0 0 0 0
Observations:
- The "Success 3" line is allocation success rate with system idle
(phases 1 and 2 are with background interference). I used to get stable
values around 85% with vanilla 3.11. The lower min and mean values came
with 3.12. This was bisected to commit 81c0a2bb ("mm: page_alloc: fair
zone allocator policy") As explained in comment for patch 3, I don't
think the commit is wrong, but that it makes the effect of compaction
bugs worse. From patch 3 onwards, the results are OK and match the 3.11
results.
- Patch 4 also clearly helps phases 1 and 2, and exceeds any results
I've seen with 3.11 (I didn't measure it that thoroughly then, but it
was never above 40%).
- Compaction cost and number of scanned pages is higher, especially due
to patch 4. However, keep in mind that patches 3 and 4 fix existing
bugs in the current design of compaction overhead mitigation, they do
not change it. If overhead is found unacceptable, then it should be
decreased differently (and consistently, not due to random conditions)
than the current implementation does. In contrast, patches 5 and 6
(which are not strictly bug fixes) do not increase the overhead (but
also not success rates). This might be a limitation of the
stress-highalloc benchmark as it's quite uniform.
Another set of results is when configuring stress-highalloc t allocate
with similar flags as THP uses:
(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC|__GFP_NORETRY|__GFP_NO_KSWAPD)
stress-highalloc
3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2
2-thp 3-thp 4-thp 5-thp 6-thp
Success 1 Min 2.00 ( 0.00%) 7.00 (-250.00%) 18.00 (-800.00%) 19.00 (-850.00%) 26.00 (-1200.00%)
Success 1 Mean 19.20 ( 0.00%) 17.80 ( 7.29%) 29.20 (-52.08%) 29.90 (-55.73%) 32.80 (-70.83%)
Success 1 Max 27.00 ( 0.00%) 29.00 ( -7.41%) 35.00 (-29.63%) 36.00 (-33.33%) 37.00 (-37.04%)
Success 2 Min 3.00 ( 0.00%) 8.00 (-166.67%) 21.00 (-600.00%) 21.00 (-600.00%) 32.00 (-966.67%)
Success 2 Mean 19.30 ( 0.00%) 17.90 ( 7.25%) 32.20 (-66.84%) 32.60 (-68.91%) 35.70 (-84.97%)
Success 2 Max 27.00 ( 0.00%) 30.00 (-11.11%) 36.00 (-33.33%) 37.00 (-37.04%) 39.00 (-44.44%)
Success 3 Min 62.00 ( 0.00%) 62.00 ( 0.00%) 85.00 (-37.10%) 75.00 (-20.97%) 64.00 ( -3.23%)
Success 3 Mean 66.30 ( 0.00%) 65.50 ( 1.21%) 85.60 (-29.11%) 83.40 (-25.79%) 83.50 (-25.94%)
Success 3 Max 70.00 ( 0.00%) 69.00 ( 1.43%) 87.00 (-24.29%) 86.00 (-22.86%) 87.00 (-24.29%)
3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2
2-thp 3-thp 4-thp 5-thp 6-thp
User 6547.93 6475.85 6265.54 6289.46 6189.96
System 1053.42 1047.28 1043.23 1042.73 1038.73
Elapsed 1835.43 1821.96 1908.67 1912.74 1956.38
3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2 3.13-rc2
2-thp 3-thp 4-thp 5-thp 6-thp
Minor Faults 256805673 253106328 253222299 249830289 251184418
Major Faults 395 375 423 434 448
Swap Ins 12 10 10 12 9
Swap Outs 530 537 487 455 415
Direct pages scanned 71859 86046 153244 152764 190713
Kswapd pages scanned 1900994 1870240 1898012 1892864 1880520
Kswapd pages reclaimed 1897814 1867428 1894939 1890125 1877924
Direct pages reclaimed 71766 85908 153167 152643 190600
Kswapd efficiency 99% 99% 99% 99% 99%
Kswapd velocity 1029.000 1067.782 1000.091 991.049 951.218
Direct efficiency 99% 99% 99% 99% 99%
Direct velocity 38.897 49.127 80.747 79.983 96.468
Percentage direct scans 3% 4% 7% 7% 9%
Zone normal velocity 351.377 372.494 348.910 341.689 335.310
Zone dma32 velocity 716.520 744.414 731.928 729.343 712.377
Zone dma velocity 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Page writes by reclaim 669.300 604.000 545.700 538.900 429.900
Page writes file 138 66 58 83 14
Page writes anon 530 537 487 455 415
Page reclaim immediate 806 655 772 548 517
Sector Reads 2711956 2703239 2811602 2818248 2839459
Sector Writes 12163238 12018662 12038248 11954736 11994892
Page rescued immediate 0 0 0 0 0
Slabs scanned 1385088 1388364 1507968 1513292 1558656
Direct inode steals 1739 2564 4622 5496 6007
Kswapd inode steals 47461 46406 47804 48013 48466
Kswapd skipped wait 0 0 0 0 0
THP fault alloc 110 82 84 69 70
THP collapse alloc 445 482 467 462 539
THP splits 6 5 4 5 3
THP fault fallback 3 0 0 0 0
THP collapse fail 15 14 14 14 13
Compaction stalls 659 685 1033 1073 1111
Compaction success 222 225 410 427 456
Compaction failures 436 460 622 646 655
Page migrate success 446594 439978 1085640 1095062 1131716
Page migrate failure 0 0 0 0 0
Compaction pages isolated 1029475 1013490 2453074 2482698 2565400
Compaction migrate scanned 9955461 11344259 24375202 27978356 30494204
Compaction free scanned 27715272 28544654 80150615 82898631 85756132
Compaction cost 552 555 1344 1379 1436
NUMA PTE updates 0 0 0 0 0
NUMA hint faults 0 0 0 0 0
NUMA hint local faults 0 0 0 0 0
NUMA hint local percent 100 100 100 100 100
NUMA pages migrated 0 0 0 0 0
AutoNUMA cost 0 0 0 0 0
There are some differences from the previous results for THP-like allocations:
- Here, the bad result for unpatched kernel in phase 3 is much more
consistent to be between 65-70% and not related to the "regression" in
3.12. Still there is the improvement from patch 4 onwards, which brings
it on par with simple GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE allocations.
- Compaction costs have increased, but nowhere near as much as the
non-THP case. Again, the patches should be worth the gained
determininsm.
- Patches 5 and 6 somewhat increase the number of migrate-scanned pages.
This is most likely due to __GFP_NO_KSWAPD flag, which means the cached
pfn's and pageblock skip bits are not reset by kswapd that often (at
least in phase 3 where no concurrent activity would wake up kswapd) and
the patches thus help the sync-after-async compaction. It doesn't
however show that the sync compaction would help so much with success
rates, which can be again seen as a limitation of the benchmark
scenario.
This patch (of 6):
Add two tracepoints for compaction begin and end of a zone. Using this it
is possible to calculate how much time a workload is spending within
compaction and potentially debug problems related to cached pfns for
scanning. In combination with the direct reclaim and slab trace points it
should be possible to estimate most allocation-related overhead for a
workload.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
mem_cgroup_print_oom_info uses a static buffer (memcg_name) to store the
name of the cgroup. This is not safe as pointed out by David Rientjes
because memcg oom is locked only for its hierarchy and nothing prevents
another parallel hierarchy to trigger oom as well and overwrite the
already in-use buffer.
This patch introduces oom_info_lock hidden inside
mem_cgroup_print_oom_info which is held throughout the function. It
makes access to memcg_name safe and as a bonus it also prevents parallel
memcg ooms to interleave their statistics which would make the printed
data hard to analyze otherwise.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
KSM pages can be shared between tasks that are not necessarily related
to each other from a NUMA perspective. This patch causes those pages to
be ignored by automatic NUMA balancing so they do not migrate and do not
cause unrelated tasks to be grouped together.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
A low local/remote numa hinting fault ratio is potentially explained by
failed migrations. This patch adds a tracepoint that fires when
migration fails due to migration rate limitation.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
NUMA migrate rate limiting protects a migration counter and window using
a lock but in some cases this can be a contended lock. It is not
critical that the number of pages be perfect, lost updates are
acceptable. Reduce the importance of this lock.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
numamigrate_update_ratelimit and numamigrate_isolate_page only have
callers in mm/migrate.c. This patch makes them static.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add '#' to hwpoison_inject just as done in madvise_hwpoison.
Signed-off-by: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Murzin <murzin.v@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Check nid parameter and produce warning if it has deprecated
MAX_NUMNODES value. Also re-assign NUMA_NO_NODE value to the nid
parameter in this case.
These will help to identify the wrong API usage (the caller) and make
code simpler.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Correct ensure_zone_is_initialized() function description according to
the introduced memblock APIs for early memory allocations.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul@pwsan.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Switch to memblock interfaces for early memory allocator instead of
bootmem allocator. No functional change in beahvior than what it is in
current code from bootmem users points of view.
Archs already converted to NO_BOOTMEM now directly use memblock
interfaces instead of bootmem wrappers build on top of memblock. And
the archs which still uses bootmem, these new apis just fallback to
exiting bootmem APIs.
Signed-off-by: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul@pwsan.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Switch to memblock interfaces for early memory allocator instead of
bootmem allocator. No functional change in beahvior than what it is in
current code from bootmem users points of view.
Archs already converted to NO_BOOTMEM now directly use memblock
interfaces instead of bootmem wrappers build on top of memblock. And
the archs which still uses bootmem, these new apis just fallback to
exiting bootmem APIs.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul@pwsan.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Switch to memblock interfaces for early memory allocator instead of
bootmem allocator. No functional change in beahvior than what it is in
current code from bootmem users points of view.
Archs already converted to NO_BOOTMEM now directly use memblock
interfaces instead of bootmem wrappers build on top of memblock. And
the archs which still uses bootmem, these new apis just fallback to
exiting bootmem APIs.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul@pwsan.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Switch to memblock interfaces for early memory allocator instead of
bootmem allocator. No functional change in beahvior than what it is in
current code from bootmem users points of view.
Archs already converted to NO_BOOTMEM now directly use memblock
interfaces instead of bootmem wrappers build on top of memblock. And
the archs which still uses bootmem, these new apis just fallback to
exiting bootmem APIs.
Signed-off-by: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul@pwsan.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Switch to memblock interfaces for early memory allocator instead of
bootmem allocator. No functional change in beahvior than what it is in
current code from bootmem users points of view.
Archs already converted to NO_BOOTMEM now directly use memblock
interfaces instead of bootmem wrappers build on top of memblock. And
the archs which still uses bootmem, these new apis just fallback to
exiting bootmem APIs.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul@pwsan.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Introduce memblock memory allocation APIs which allow to support PAE or
LPAE extension on 32 bits archs where the physical memory start address
can be beyond 4GB. In such cases, existing bootmem APIs which operate
on 32 bit addresses won't work and needs memblock layer which operates
on 64 bit addresses.
So we add equivalent APIs so that we can replace usage of bootmem with
memblock interfaces. Architectures already converted to NO_BOOTMEM use
these new memblock interfaces. The architectures which are still not
converted to NO_BOOTMEM continue to function as is because we still
maintain the fal lback option of bootmem back-end supporting these new
interfaces. So no functional change as such.
In long run, once all the architectures moves to NO_BOOTMEM, we can get
rid of bootmem layer completely. This is one step to remove the core
code dependency with bootmem and also gives path for architectures to
move away from bootmem.
The proposed interface will became active if both CONFIG_HAVE_MEMBLOCK
and CONFIG_NO_BOOTMEM are specified by arch. In case
!CONFIG_NO_BOOTMEM, the memblock() wrappers will fallback to the
existing bootmem apis so that arch's not converted to NO_BOOTMEM
continue to work as is.
The meaning of MEMBLOCK_ALLOC_ACCESSIBLE and MEMBLOCK_ALLOC_ANYWHERE
is kept same.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/depricated/deprecated/]
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul@pwsan.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It's recommended to use NUMA_NO_NODE everywhere to select "process any
node" behavior or to indicate that "no node id specified".
Hence, update __next_free_mem_range*() API's to accept both NUMA_NO_NODE
and MAX_NUMNODES, but emit warning once on MAX_NUMNODES, and correct
corresponding API's documentation to describe new behavior. Also,
update other memblock/nobootmem APIs where MAX_NUMNODES is used
dirrectly.
The change was suggested by Tejun Heo.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul@pwsan.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Reorder parameters of memblock_find_in_range_node to be consistent with
other memblock APIs.
The change was suggested by Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul@pwsan.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Don't produce warning and interpret 0 as "default align" equal to
SMP_CACHE_BYTES in case if caller of memblock_alloc_base_nid() doesn't
specify alignment for the block (align == 0).
This is done in preparation of introducing common memblock alloc interface
to make code behavior consistent. More details are in below thread :
https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/10/13/117.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul@pwsan.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Now the Nobootmem allocator will always try to free memory allocated for
reserved memory regions (free_low_memory_core_early()) without taking
into to account current memblock debugging configuration
(CONFIG_ARCH_DISCARD_MEMBLOCK and CONFIG_DEBUG_FS state).
As result if:
- CONFIG_DEBUG_FS defined
- CONFIG_ARCH_DISCARD_MEMBLOCK not defined;
- reserved memory regions array have been resized during boot
then:
- memory allocated for reserved memory regions array will be freed to
buddy allocator;
- debug_fs entry "sys/kernel/debug/memblock/reserved" will show garbage
instead of state of memory reservations. like:
0: 0x98393bc0..0x9a393bbf
1: 0xff120000..0xff11ffff
2: 0x00000000..0xffffffff
Hence, do not free memory allocated for reserved memory regions if
defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS) && !defined(CONFIG_ARCH_DISCARD_MEMBLOCK).
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Reviewed-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul@pwsan.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
find_lock_task_mm() expects it is called under rcu or tasklist lock, but
it seems that at least oom_unkillable_task()->task_in_mem_cgroup() and
mem_cgroup_out_of_memory()->oom_badness() can call it lockless.
Perhaps we could fix the callers, but this patch simply adds rcu lock
into find_lock_task_mm(). This also allows to simplify a bit one of its
callers, oom_kill_process().
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Sergey Dyasly <dserrg@gmail.com>
Cc: Sameer Nanda <snanda@chromium.org>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Mandeep Singh Baines <msb@chromium.org>
Cc: "Ma, Xindong" <xindong.ma@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: "Tu, Xiaobing" <xiaobing.tu@intel.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
At least out_of_memory() calls has_intersects_mems_allowed() without
even rcu_read_lock(), this is obviously buggy.
Add the necessary rcu_read_lock(). This means that we can not simply
return from the loop, we need "bool ret" and "break".
While at it, swap the names of task_struct's (the argument and the
local). This cleans up the code a little bit and avoids the unnecessary
initialization.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Sergey Dyasly <dserrg@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Sergey Dyasly <dserrg@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sameer Nanda <snanda@chromium.org>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Mandeep Singh Baines <msb@chromium.org>
Cc: "Ma, Xindong" <xindong.ma@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: "Tu, Xiaobing" <xiaobing.tu@intel.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Change oom_kill.c to use for_each_thread() rather than the racy
while_each_thread() which can loop forever if we race with exit.
Note also that most users were buggy even if while_each_thread() was
fine, the task can exit even _before_ rcu_read_lock().
Fortunately the new for_each_thread() only requires the stable
task_struct, so this change fixes both problems.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Sergey Dyasly <dserrg@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Sergey Dyasly <dserrg@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sameer Nanda <snanda@chromium.org>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Mandeep Singh Baines <msb@chromium.org>
Cc: "Ma, Xindong" <xindong.ma@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: "Tu, Xiaobing" <xiaobing.tu@intel.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Now, we have an infrastructure in rmap_walk() to handle difference from
variants of rmap traversing functions.
So, just use it in page_mkclean().
In this patch, I change following things.
1. remove some variants of rmap traversing functions.
cf> page_mkclean_file
2. mechanical change to use rmap_walk() in page_mkclean().
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Now, we have an infrastructure in rmap_walk() to handle difference from
variants of rmap traversing functions.
So, just use it in page_referenced().
In this patch, I change following things.
1. remove some variants of rmap traversing functions.
cf> page_referenced_ksm, page_referenced_anon,
page_referenced_file
2. introduce new struct page_referenced_arg and pass it to
page_referenced_one(), main function of rmap_walk, in order to count
reference, to store vm_flags and to check finish condition.
3. mechanical change to use rmap_walk() in page_referenced().
[liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com: fix BUG at rmap_walk]
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
