I cannot see a need to provide a DRM_ version of ARRAY_SIZE(), only used
in a few places. I suspect its usage has been spread by copy & paste
rather than anything else.
Let's just remove it for plain ARRAY_SIZE().
Signed-off-by: Damien Lespiau <damien.lespiau@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
Add a helper function that allows drivers to statically set the unique
name of the device. This will allow platform and USB drivers to get rid
of their DRM bus implementations and directly use drm_dev_alloc() and
drm_dev_register().
Reviewed-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Reviewed-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
For atomic, it will be quite necessary to not need to care so much
about locking order. And 'state' gives us a convenient place to stash a
ww_ctx for any sort of update that needs to grab multiple crtc locks.
Because we will want to eventually make locking even more fine grained
(giving locks to planes, connectors, etc), split out drm_modeset_lock
and drm_modeset_acquire_ctx to track acquired locks.
Atomic will use this to keep track of which locks have been acquired
in a transaction.
v1: original
v2: remove a few things not needed until atomic, for now
v3: update for v3 of connection_mutex patch..
v4: squash in docbook
v5: doc tweaks/fixes
Signed-off-by: Rob Clark <robdclark@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
We need to start somewhere ... With this the only places left in i915
where we use pipe integers is in the interrupt handling code. And
there it actually makes some amount of sense.
v2:
- Polish kerneldoc a bit (Thierry).
- Drop "dev" parameter since it's unecessary.
- Split out i915 changes (Thierry).
Cc: Thierry Reding <thierry.reding@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Ville Syrjälä <ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
drm_vblank_off() will turn off vblank interrupts, but as long as the
refcount is elevated drm_vblank_get() will not re-enable them. This
is a problem is someone is holding a vblank reference while a modeset is
happening, and the driver requires vblank interrupt to work during that
time.
Add drm_vblank_on() as a counterpart to drm_vblank_off() which will
re-enabled vblank interrupts if the refcount is already elevated. This
will allow drivers to choose the specific places in the modeset sequence
at which vblank interrupts get disabled and enabled.
Testcase: igt/kms_flip/*-vs-suspend
Signed-off-by: Ville Syrjälä <ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com>
[danvet: Add Testcase tag for the igt I've written.]
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Currently there's one per-device vblank disable timer, and it gets
reset wheneven the vblank refcount for any crtc drops to zero. That
means that one crtc could accidentally be keeping the vblank interrupts
for other crtcs enabled even if there are no users for them. Make the
disable timer per-crtc to avoid this issue.
Signed-off-by: Ville Syrjälä <ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Next pull request, this time more of the drm de-midlayering work. The big
thing is that his patch series here removes everything from drm_bus except
the set_busid callback. Thierry has a few more patches on top of this to
make that one optional to.
With that we can ditch all the non-pci drm_bus implementations, which
Thierry has already done for the fake tegra host1x drm_bus.
Reviewed by Thierry, Laurent and David and now also survived some testing
on my intel boxes to make sure the irq fumble is fixed correctly ;-) The
last minute rebase was just to add the r-b tags from Thierry for the 2
patches I've redone.
* 'drm-init-cleanup' of git://people.freedesktop.org/~danvet/drm:
drm/<drivers>: don't set driver->dev_priv_size to 0
drm: Remove dev->kdriver
drm: remove drm_bus->get_name
drm: rip out dev->devname
drm: inline drm_pci_set_unique
drm: remove bus->get_irq implementations
drm: pass the irq explicitly to drm_irq_install
drm/irq: Look up the pci irq directly in the drm_control ioctl
drm/irq: track the irq installed in drm_irq_install in dev->irq
drm: rename dev->count_lock to dev->buf_lock
drm: Rip out totally bogus vga_switcheroo->can_switch locking
drm: kill drm_bus->bus_type
drm: remove drm_dev_to_irq from drivers
drm/irq: remove cargo-culted locking from irq_install/uninstall
drm/irq: drm_control is a legacy ioctl, so pci devices only
drm/pci: fold in irq_by_busid support
drm/irq: simplify irq checks in drm_wait_vblank
With the last patch to ditch the ->get_name callbacks the last
user is now gone.
Reviewed-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
The only user is the info debugfs file, so we only need something
human readable. Now for both pci and platform devices we've used the
name of the underlying device driver, which matches the name of the
drm driver in all cases. So we can just use that instead.
The exception is usb, which used a generic "USB". Not to harmful with
just one usb driver, but better to use "udl", too.
With that converted we can rip out all the ->get_name implementations.
Reviewed-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
This was only ever used to pretty-print the irq driver name. And on
kms systems due to set_version bonghits we never set up the prettier
name, ever. Which make this a bit pointless.
Also, we can always dig out the driver-instance/irq relationship
through other means, so this isn't that useful. So just rip it out to
simplify the set_version/set_busid insanity a bit.
Also delete the temporary busname from drm_pci_set_busid, it's now
unused.
v2: Rebase on top of the new host1x drm_bus for tegra.
Reviewed-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
This is only used for drm versions 1.0, and kms drivers have never
been there. So we can appropriately restrict this to legacy and hence
pci devices and inline everything.
v2: Make the dummy function actually return something, caught by Wu
Fengguang's 0-day tester.
v3: Fix spelling in comment (Thierry)
Reviewed-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Now that they're all unused we can get rid of them, including the
dummy version in drm_usb.c.
Reviewed-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Unfortunately this requires a drm-wide change, and I didn't see a sane
way around that. Luckily it's fairly simple, we just need to inline
the respective get_irq implementation from either drm_pci.c or
drm_platform.c.
With that we can now also remove drm_dev_to_irq from drm_irq.c.
Reviewed-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
To get rid of the dev->bus->get_irq callback we need to pass in the
desired irq explicitly into drm_irq_install. To avoid having to do the
same for drm_irq_unistall just track it internally. That leaves
drivers with less room to botch things up.
v2: Add the hunk lost in an earlier patch to this one (Thierry).
v3: Fix up the totally fumbled logic in drm_irq_install and use the
local variable consistently. Spotted by both Thierry and Laurent.
Shame on me for failing to properly test the rebase version of this
patch ...
Cc: Thierry Reding <thierry.reding@gmail.com>
Cc: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Reviewed-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Since really that's all it protects - legacy horror stories in
drm_bufs.c. Since I don't want to waste any more time on this I didn't
bother to actually look at what it protects in there, but it's at
least contained now.
v2: Move the spurious hunk to the right patch (Thierry).
Cc: Thierry Reding <thierry.reding@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
So I just wanted to add a new field to struct drm_device and
accidentally stumbled over something. According to comments
dev->open_count is protected by dev->count_lock, but that's totally
not the case. It's protected by drm_global_mutex.
Unfortunately the vga switcheroo callbacks took this comment at face
value. The problem is that we can't just take the drm_global_mutex
because:
- It would lead to a locking inversion with the driver load/unload
paths.
- It wouldn't actually protect anything, for that we'd need to wrap
the entire vga switcheroo code in the drm_global_mutex. And I'm not
sure whether that would actually solve anything.
What we probably want is a try_to_grab_switcheroo reference kind of
thing which is used in the driver's ->open callback. Then we could
move all that ->can_switch madness into the vga switcheroo core where
it really belongs.
But since that would amount to real work take the easy way out and
just add a comment. It's definitely not going to make anything worse
since doing switcheroo state changes while restarting X just isn't
recommended. Even though the delayed switching code does exactly that.
v2:
- Simplify the ->can_switch implementations more (Thierry)
- Fix comment about the dev->open_count locking (Thierry)
Cc: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com> (v1)
Reviewed-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Completely unused. Hooray, midlayer mistakes that didn't cause work to
undo!
v2: Rebase on top of the recent tegra changes which added a host1x drm
bus.
Reviewed-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Only used in some legacy pci drivers, and dereferencing the PCI irq is
actually shorter ...
Since this removes all users for drm_dev_to_irq from the tree except
in drm_irq.c, move the inline helper in there. It'll disappear soon,
too.
v2: Polish commit message (Thierry)
Reviewed-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
This is a ums-only ioctl, and we've only ever supported ums (at least
in upstream) on pci devices. So no point in keeping that piece of
legacy logic abstracted within the drm bus driver.
To keep things work without CONFIG_PCI also add a dummy ioctl.
v2: Block the irq_by_busid ioctl for modeset drivers.
v3: Spelling/whitespace polish (Thierry)
Reviewed-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Backmerge drm-next after the big s/crtc->fb/crtc->primary->fb/
cocinelle patch to avoid endless amounts of conflict hilarity in my
-next queue for 3.16.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Userspace clients which wish to receive all DRM planes (primary and
cursor planes in addition to the traditional overlay planes) may set the
DRM_CLIENT_CAP_UNIVERSAL_PLANES capability.
v2: Hide behind drm.universal_planes module option [suggested by
Daniel Vetter]
Signed-off-by: Matt Roper <matthew.d.roper@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Rob Clark <robdclark@gmail.com>
Currently drm_cflush_virt_rage() takes a char* so the caller probably
has to do pointless casting to avoid compiler warnings. Make the
argument void* instead to avoid such issues.
v2: Use void* arithmetic (Chris)
Signed-off-by: Ville Syrjälä <ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Acked-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
The master management was previously protected by the drm_device::struct_mutex.
In order to avoid locking order violations in a reworked dropped master
security check in the vmwgfx driver, break it out into a separate master_mutex.
Locking order is master_mutex -> struct_mutex.
Also remove drm_master::blocked since it's not used.
v2: Add an inline comment about what drm_device::master_mutex is protecting.
v3: Remove unneeded struct_mutex locks. Fix error returns in
drm_setmaster_ioctl().
Signed-off-by: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Paul <brianp@vmware.com>
Reviewed-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel@ffwll.ch>
Add a drm_is_legacy() helper, constify argument to drm_is_render_client(),
and use / change helpers where appropriate.
v2: s/drm_is_legacy/drm_is_legacy_client/ and adapt to new code context.
v3: s/legacy_client/primary_client/
Signed-off-by: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Paul <brianp@vmware.com>
Like for render-nodes, there is no point in maintaining the master concept
for control nodes, so set the struct drm_file::master pointer to NULL.
At the same time, make sure DRM_MASTER | DRM_CONTROL_ALLOW ioctls are always
allowed when called through the control node. Previously the caller also
needed to be master.
v2: Adapt to refactoring of ioctl permission check.
v3: Formatting of logical expression. Use drm_is_control_client() instead of
drm_is_control().
Signed-off-by: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Paul <brianp@vmware.com>
Reviewed-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
This is always DRM_NAME, so we can just make it part of the format
string instead of asking prink to do it for us.
Signed-off-by: Damien Lespiau <damien.lespiau@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
In the logging code, we are currently checking is we need to output in
drm_ut_debug_printk(). This is too late. The problem is that when we write
something like:
DRM_DEBUG_DRIVER("ELD on [CONNECTOR:%d:%s], [ENCODER:%d:%s]\n",
connector->base.id,
drm_get_connector_name(connector),
connector->encoder->base.id,
drm_get_encoder_name(connector->encoder));
We start by evaluating the arguments (so call drm_get_connector_name() and
drm_get_connector_name()) before ending up in drm_ut_debug_printk() which will
then does nothing.
This means we execute a lot of instructions (drm_get_connector_name(), in turn,
calls snprintf() for example) to happily discard them in the normal case,
drm.debug=0.
So, let's put the test on drm_debug earlier, in the macros themselves.
Sprinkle an unlikely() as well for good measure.
Signed-off-by: Damien Lespiau <damien.lespiau@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
This macro was trying to use the non existing DRM_UT_MODE debug category
and looks like it should be covered by DRM_LOG_KMS().
Signed-off-by: Damien Lespiau <damien.lespiau@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
That comment wasn't super-readable, so I tried to improve it:
- Put the comment before the values it's documenting
- Add a mention to PRIME
- Reword things a bit to be a lighter read
- Add a note about the option to set the debug value at run-time
Signed-off-by: Damien Lespiau <damien.lespiau@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
This is the 3rd respin of the drm-anon patches. They allow module unloading, use
the pin_fs_* helpers recommended by Al and are rebased on top of drm-next. Note
that there are minor conflicts with the "drm-minor" branch.
* 'drm-next' of git://people.freedesktop.org/~dvdhrm/linux:
drm: init TTM dev_mapping in ttm_bo_device_init()
drm: use anon-inode instead of relying on cdevs
drm: add pseudo filesystem for shared inodes
Here's my drm documentation update and driver api polish pull request.
Alex reviewed the entire pile, I've applied a little bit of spelling
polish in a few places since then and otherwise the Usual Suspects (David,
Rob, ...) don't seem up to have another look at it (I've poked them on
irc). So I think it's as good as it gets ;-)
Note that I've dropped the final imx breaker patch since that's blocked on
imx getting sane. Once that's landed I'll ping you to pick up that
straggler.
* 'drm-docs' of ssh://people.freedesktop.org/~danvet/drm: (34 commits)
drm/imx: remove drm_mode_connector_detach_encoder harder
drm: kerneldoc polish for drm_crtc.c
drm: kerneldoc polish for drm_crtc_helper.c
drm: drop error code for drm_helper_resume_force_mode
drm/crtc-helper: remove LOCKING from kerneldoc
drm: remove return value from drm_helper_mode_fill_fb_struct
drm/doc: Fix misplaced </para>
drm: remove drm_display_mode->private_size
drm: polish function kerneldoc for drm_modes.[hc]
drm/modes: drop maxPitch from drm_mode_validate_size
drm/modes: drop return value from drm_display_mode_from_videomode
drm/modes: remove drm_mode_height/width
drm: extract drm_modes.h for drm_crtc.h functions
drm: move drm_mode related functions into drm_modes.c
drm/doc: Repleace LOCKING kerneldoc sections in drm_modes.c
drm/doc: Integrate drm_modes.c kerneldoc
drm/kms: rip out drm_mode_connector_detach_encoder
drm/doc: Add function reference documentation for drm_mm.c
drm/doc: Overview documentation for drm_mm.c
drm/mm: Remove MM_UNUSED_TARGET
...
Whenever we access minor->device, we are in a minor->kdev->...->fops
callback so the minor->kdev pointer *must* be valid. Thus, simply use
minor->kdev->devt instead of minor->device and remove the redundant field.
Signed-off-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Instead of accessing drm_minors_idr directly, this adds a small helper to
hide the internals. This will help us later to remove the drm_global_mutex
requirement for minor-lookup.
Furthermore, this also makes sure that minor->dev is always valid and
takes a reference-count to the device as long as the minor is used in an
open-file. This way, "struct file*"->private_data->dev is guaranteed to be
valid (which it has to, as we cannot reset it).
Signed-off-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Lets not trick ourselves into thinking "drm_device" objects are not
ref-counted. That's just utterly stupid. We manage "drm_minor" objects on
each drm-device and each minor can have an unlimited number of open
handles. Each of these handles has the drm_minor (and thus the drm_device)
as private-data in the file-handle. Therefore, we may not destroy
"drm_device" until all these handles are closed.
It is *not* possible to reset all these pointers atomically and restrict
access to them, and this is *not* how this is done! Instead, we use
ref-counts to make sure the object is valid and not freed.
Note that we currently use "dev->open_count" for that, which is *exactly*
the same as a reference-count, just open coded. So this patch doesn't
change any semantics on DRM devices (well, this patch just introduces the
ref-count, anyway. Follow-up patches will replace open_count by it).
Also note that generic VFS revoke support could allow us to drop this
ref-count again. We could then just synchronously disable any fops->xy()
calls. However, this is not the case, yet, and no such patches are
in sight (and I seriously question the idea of dropping the ref-cnt
again).
Signed-off-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
Use enum for DRM_MINOR_* constants to avoid hard-coding the IDs.
Furthermore, add a DRM_MINOR_CNT so we can perform range-checks in
follow-ups.
This changes the IDs of the minor-types by -1, but they're not used as
indices so this is fine.
Signed-off-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
These members are all managed by DRM-core, lets group them together so
they're not split across the whole device.
Signed-off-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
DRM drivers share a common address_space across all character-devices of a
single DRM device. This allows simple buffer eviction and mapping-control.
However, DRM core currently waits for the first ->open() on any char-dev
to mark the underlying inode as backing inode of the device. This delayed
initialization causes ugly conditions all over the place:
if (dev->dev_mapping)
do_sth();
To avoid delayed initialization and to stop reusing the inode of the
char-dev, we allocate an anonymous inode for each DRM device and reset
filp->f_mapping to it on ->open().
Signed-off-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
I want to also include kerneldoc from the header (for static inline
functions and structs), but fishing the right pieces out of a giant
header is a real pain. So split things out.
Note that it's not a really clean header with sane include orders, but
given's drm historical knack for giant headers detangling this is a
major task.
v2: Also extract struct drm_cmdline_mode.
Reviewed-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Just like DRM_INFO(), but only do it once.
Signed-off-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Acked-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Preparation for moving the early vblank IRQ logic into
radeon_get_crtc_scanoutpos().
v2: Fix radeon_drv.c compile warning (Mario)
Reviewed-by: mario.kleiner.de@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ville Syrjälä <ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com>
Rather than using crtc->hwmode, just pass the relevant mode to
drm_calc_vbltimestamp_from_scanoutpos(). This removes the last hwmode
usage from core drm.
Reviewed-by: mario.kleiner.de@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ville Syrjälä <ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com>
We don't really use hwmode anymore in i915, so eliminating its use
from the core code seems prudent. Just pass the appropriate mode
to drm_calc_timestamping_constants().
Reviewed-by: mario.kleiner.de@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ville Syrjälä <ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com>
This was hidden in a generic void * dev->mm_private. But only ever
used for gem. But thanks to this fake generic pretension no one
noticed that Rob's drm drivers are now all broken.
So just give the offset manager a type pointer and fix up msm, omapdrm
and tilcdc.
v2: Fixup compile fail.
v3: Fixup rebase fail that David spotted.
Cc: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
Cc: Rob Clark <robdclark@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
This is just used for a debugfs file, and we can easily reconstruct
this number by just walking the list twice. Which isn't really bad for
a debugfs file anyway.
So let's rip this out.
There's the other issue that the dev->vmalist itself is a bit useless,
since that can be reconstructed with all the memory mapping
information from proc. But remove that is a different topic entirely.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
It's racy, and it's only used in debugfs. There are simpler ways to
know whether something is going on (like looking at dmesg with full
debugging enabled). And they're all much more useful.
So let's just rip this out.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
Damien Lespiau
Thierry Reding
Rob Clark
Daniel Vetter
Ville Syrjälä
Dave Airlie
Matt Roper
Thomas Hellstrom
David Herrmann
Jani Nikula