Commit Graph

8827 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Will Deacon 721c21c17a mm: mmu_gather: use tlb->end != 0 only for TLB invalidation
When batching up address ranges for TLB invalidation, we check tlb->end
!= 0 to indicate that some pages have actually been unmapped.

As of commit f045bbb9fa ("mmu_gather: fix over-eager
tlb_flush_mmu_free() calling"), we use the same check for freeing these
pages in order to avoid a performance regression where we call
free_pages_and_swap_cache even when no pages are actually queued up.

Unfortunately, the range could have been reset (tlb->end = 0) by
tlb_end_vma, which has been shown to cause memory leaks on arm64.
Furthermore, investigation into these leaks revealed that the fullmm
case on task exit no longer invalidates the TLB, by virtue of tlb->end
 == 0 (in 3.18, need_flush would have been set).

This patch resolves the problem by reverting commit f045bbb9fa, using
instead tlb->local.nr as the predicate for page freeing in
tlb_flush_mmu_free and ensuring that tlb->end is initialised to a
non-zero value in the fullmm case.

Tested-by: Mark Langsdorf <mlangsdo@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Dave Hansen <dave@sr71.net>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-01-13 15:20:40 +13:00
Konstantin Khlebnikov b800c91a05 mm: fix corner case in anon_vma endless growing prevention
Fix for BUG_ON(anon_vma->degree) splashes in unlink_anon_vmas() ("kernel
BUG at mm/rmap.c:399!") caused by commit 7a3ef208e6 ("mm: prevent
endless growth of anon_vma hierarchy")

Anon_vma_clone() is usually called for a copy of source vma in
destination argument.  If source vma has anon_vma it should be already
in dst->anon_vma.  NULL in dst->anon_vma is used as a sign that it's
called from anon_vma_fork().  In this case anon_vma_clone() finds
anon_vma for reusing.

Vma_adjust() calls it differently and this breaks anon_vma reusing
logic: anon_vma_clone() links vma to old anon_vma and updates degree
counters but vma_adjust() overrides vma->anon_vma right after that.  As
a result final unlink_anon_vmas() decrements degree for wrong anon_vma.

This patch assigns ->anon_vma before calling anon_vma_clone().

Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Reported-and-tested-by: Chris Clayton <chris2553@googlemail.com>
Reported-and-tested-by: Oded Gabbay <oded.gabbay@amd.com>
Reported-and-tested-by: Chih-Wei Huang <cwhuang@android-x86.org>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Daniel Forrest <dan.forrest@ssec.wisc.edu>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org  # to match back-porting of 7a3ef208e6
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-01-11 11:45:10 -08:00
Linus Torvalds 690eac53da mm: Don't count the stack guard page towards RLIMIT_STACK
Commit fee7e49d45 ("mm: propagate error from stack expansion even for
guard page") made sure that we return the error properly for stack
growth conditions.  It also theorized that counting the guard page
towards the stack limit might break something, but also said "Let's see
if anybody notices".

Somebody did notice.  Apparently android-x86 sets the stack limit very
close to the limit indeed, and including the guard page in the rlimit
check causes the android 'zygote' process problems.

So this adds the (fairly trivial) code to make the stack rlimit check be
against the actual real stack size, rather than the size of the vma that
includes the guard page.

Reported-and-tested-by: Chih-Wei Huang <cwhuang@android-x86.org>
Cc: Jay Foad <jay.foad@gmail.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org  # to match back-porting of fee7e49d45
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-01-11 11:33:57 -08:00
Vlastimil Babka 9e5e366172 mm, vmscan: prevent kswapd livelock due to pfmemalloc-throttled process being killed
Charles Shirron and Paul Cassella from Cray Inc have reported kswapd
stuck in a busy loop with nothing left to balance, but
kswapd_try_to_sleep() failing to sleep.  Their analysis found the cause
to be a combination of several factors:

1. A process is waiting in throttle_direct_reclaim() on pgdat->pfmemalloc_wait

2. The process has been killed (by OOM in this case), but has not yet been
   scheduled to remove itself from the waitqueue and die.

3. kswapd checks for throttled processes in prepare_kswapd_sleep():

        if (waitqueue_active(&pgdat->pfmemalloc_wait)) {
                wake_up(&pgdat->pfmemalloc_wait);
		return false; // kswapd will not go to sleep
	}

   However, for a process that was already killed, wake_up() does not remove
   the process from the waitqueue, since try_to_wake_up() checks its state
   first and returns false when the process is no longer waiting.

4. kswapd is running on the same CPU as the only CPU that the process is
   allowed to run on (through cpus_allowed, or possibly single-cpu system).

5. CONFIG_PREEMPT_NONE=y kernel is used. If there's nothing to balance, kswapd
   encounters no voluntary preemption points and repeatedly fails
   prepare_kswapd_sleep(), blocking the process from running and removing
   itself from the waitqueue, which would let kswapd sleep.

So, the source of the problem is that we prevent kswapd from going to
sleep until there are processes waiting on the pfmemalloc_wait queue,
and a process waiting on a queue is guaranteed to be removed from the
queue only when it gets scheduled.  This was done to make sure that no
process is left sleeping on pfmemalloc_wait when kswapd itself goes to
sleep.

However, it isn't necessary to postpone kswapd sleep until the
pfmemalloc_wait queue actually empties.  To prevent processes from being
left sleeping, it's actually enough to guarantee that all processes
waiting on pfmemalloc_wait queue have been woken up by the time we put
kswapd to sleep.

This patch therefore fixes this issue by substituting 'wake_up' with
'wake_up_all' and removing 'return false' in the code snippet from
prepare_kswapd_sleep() above.  Note that if any process puts itself in
the queue after this waitqueue_active() check, or after the wake up
itself, it means that the process will also wake up kswapd - and since
we are under prepare_to_wait(), the wake up won't be missed.  Also we
update the comment prepare_kswapd_sleep() to hopefully more clearly
describe the races it is preventing.

Fixes: 5515061d22 ("mm: throttle direct reclaimers if PF_MEMALLOC reserves are low and swap is backed by network storage")
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>	[3.6+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-01-08 15:10:52 -08:00
Vladimir Davydov 4bdfc1c4a9 memcg: fix destination cgroup leak on task charges migration
We are supposed to take one css reference per each memory page and per
each swap entry accounted to a memory cgroup.  However, during task
charges migration we take a reference to the destination cgroup twice
per each swap entry: first in mem_cgroup_do_precharge()->try_charge()
and then in mem_cgroup_move_swap_account(), permanently leaking the
destination cgroup.

The hunk taking the second reference seems to be a leftover from the
pre-00501b531c472 ("mm: memcontrol: rewrite charge API") era.  Remove it
to fix the leak.

Fixes: e8ea14cc6e (mm: memcontrol: take a css reference for each charged page)
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-01-08 15:10:52 -08:00
Johannes Weiner 24d404dc10 mm: memcontrol: switch soft limit default back to infinity
Commit 3e32cb2e0a ("mm: memcontrol: lockless page counters")
accidentally switched the soft limit default from infinity to zero,
which turns all memcgs with even a single page into soft limit excessors
and engages soft limit reclaim on all of them during global memory
pressure.  This makes global reclaim generally more aggressive, but also
inverts the meaning of existing soft limit configurations where unset
soft limits are usually more generous than set ones.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-01-08 15:10:52 -08:00
Joonsoo Kim 70ecb3cb03 mm/debug_pagealloc: remove obsolete Kconfig options
These are obsolete since commit e30825f186 ("mm/debug-pagealloc:
prepare boottime configurable") was merged.  So remove them.

[pebolle@tiscali.nl: find obsolete Kconfig options]
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Paul Bolle <pebolle@tiscali.nl>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@sr71.net>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Jungsoo Son <jungsoo.son@lge.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-01-08 15:10:52 -08:00
Johannes Weiner 2d6d7f9828 mm: protect set_page_dirty() from ongoing truncation
Tejun, while reviewing the code, spotted the following race condition
between the dirtying and truncation of a page:

__set_page_dirty_nobuffers()       __delete_from_page_cache()
  if (TestSetPageDirty(page))
                                     page->mapping = NULL
				     if (PageDirty())
				       dec_zone_page_state(page, NR_FILE_DIRTY);
				       dec_bdi_stat(mapping->backing_dev_info, BDI_RECLAIMABLE);
    if (page->mapping)
      account_page_dirtied(page)
        __inc_zone_page_state(page, NR_FILE_DIRTY);
	__inc_bdi_stat(mapping->backing_dev_info, BDI_RECLAIMABLE);

which results in an imbalance of NR_FILE_DIRTY and BDI_RECLAIMABLE.

Dirtiers usually lock out truncation, either by holding the page lock
directly, or in case of zap_pte_range(), by pinning the mapcount with
the page table lock held.  The notable exception to this rule, though,
is do_wp_page(), for which this race exists.  However, do_wp_page()
already waits for a locked page to unlock before setting the dirty bit,
in order to prevent a race where clear_page_dirty() misses the page bit
in the presence of dirty ptes.  Upgrade that wait to a fully locked
set_page_dirty() to also cover the situation explained above.

Afterwards, the code in set_page_dirty() dealing with a truncation race
is no longer needed.  Remove it.

Reported-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-01-08 15:10:51 -08:00
Konstantin Khlebnikov 7a3ef208e6 mm: prevent endless growth of anon_vma hierarchy
Constantly forking task causes unlimited grow of anon_vma chain.  Each
next child allocates new level of anon_vmas and links vma to all
previous levels because pages might be inherited from any level.

This patch adds heuristic which decides to reuse existing anon_vma
instead of forking new one.  It adds counter anon_vma->degree which
counts linked vmas and directly descending anon_vmas and reuses anon_vma
if counter is lower than two.  As a result each anon_vma has either vma
or at least two descending anon_vmas.  In such trees half of nodes are
leafs with alive vmas, thus count of anon_vmas is no more than two times
bigger than count of vmas.

This heuristic reuses anon_vmas as few as possible because each reuse
adds false aliasing among vmas and rmap walker ought to scan more ptes
when it searches where page is might be mapped.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120816024610.GA5350@evergreen.ssec.wisc.edu
Fixes: 5beb493052 ("mm: change anon_vma linking to fix multi-process server scalability issue")
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix typo, per Rik]
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Daniel Forrest <dan.forrest@ssec.wisc.edu>
Tested-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Tested-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>	[2.6.34+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-01-08 15:10:51 -08:00
Linus Torvalds fee7e49d45 mm: propagate error from stack expansion even for guard page
Jay Foad reports that the address sanitizer test (asan) sometimes gets
confused by a stack pointer that ends up being outside the stack vma
that is reported by /proc/maps.

This happens due to an interaction between RLIMIT_STACK and the guard
page: when we do the guard page check, we ignore the potential error
from the stack expansion, which effectively results in a missing guard
page, since the expected stack expansion won't have been done.

And since /proc/maps explicitly ignores the guard page (commit
d7824370e263: "mm: fix up some user-visible effects of the stack guard
page"), the stack pointer ends up being outside the reported stack area.

This is the minimal patch: it just propagates the error.  It also
effectively makes the guard page part of the stack limit, which in turn
measn that the actual real stack is one page less than the stack limit.

Let's see if anybody notices.  We could teach acct_stack_growth() to
allow an extra page for a grow-up/grow-down stack in the rlimit test,
but I don't want to add more complexity if it isn't needed.

Reported-and-tested-by: Jay Foad <jay.foad@gmail.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-01-06 13:00:05 -08:00
Michal Hocko 45f87de57f mm: get rid of radix tree gfp mask for pagecache_get_page
Commit 2457aec637 ("mm: non-atomically mark page accessed during page
cache allocation where possible") has added a separate parameter for
specifying gfp mask for radix tree allocations.

Not only this is less than optimal from the API point of view because it
is error prone, it is also buggy currently because
grab_cache_page_write_begin is using GFP_KERNEL for radix tree and if
fgp_flags doesn't contain FGP_NOFS (mostly controlled by fs by
AOP_FLAG_NOFS flag) but the mapping_gfp_mask has __GFP_FS cleared then
the radix tree allocation wouldn't obey the restriction and might
recurse into filesystem and cause deadlocks.  This is the case for most
filesystems unfortunately because only ext4 and gfs2 are using
AOP_FLAG_NOFS.

Let's simply remove radix_gfp_mask parameter because the allocation
context is same for both page cache and for the radix tree.  Just make
sure that the radix tree gets only the sane subset of the mask (e.g.  do
not pass __GFP_WRITE).

Long term it is more preferable to convert remaining users of
AOP_FLAG_NOFS to use mapping_gfp_mask instead and simplify this
interface even further.

Reported-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-29 12:45:45 -08:00
Kirill A. Shutemov 48ec833b78 Revert "mm/memory.c: share the i_mmap_rwsem"
This reverts commit c8475d144a.

There are several[1][2] of bug reports which points to this commit as potential
cause[3].

Let's revert it until we figure out what's going on.

[1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/11/14/342
[2] https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/12/22/213
[3] https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/12/9/741

Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-22 14:27:34 -08:00
Linus Torvalds 60815cf2e0 kernel: Provide READ_ONCE and ASSIGN_ONCE
As discussed on LKML http://marc.info/?i=54611D86.4040306%40de.ibm.com
 ACCESS_ONCE might fail with specific compilers for non-scalar accesses.
 
 Here is a set of patches to tackle that problem.
 
 The first patch introduce READ_ONCE and ASSIGN_ONCE. If the data structure
 is larger than the machine word size memcpy is used and a warning is emitted.
 The next patches fix up several in-tree users of ACCESS_ONCE on non-scalar
 types.
 
 This merge does not yet contain a patch that forces ACCESS_ONCE to work only
 on scalar types. This is targetted for the next merge window as Linux next
 already contains new offenders regarding ACCESS_ONCE vs. non-scalar types.
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Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/borntraeger/linux

Pull ACCESS_ONCE cleanup preparation from Christian Borntraeger:
 "kernel: Provide READ_ONCE and ASSIGN_ONCE

  As discussed on LKML http://marc.info/?i=54611D86.4040306%40de.ibm.com
  ACCESS_ONCE might fail with specific compilers for non-scalar
  accesses.

  Here is a set of patches to tackle that problem.

  The first patch introduce READ_ONCE and ASSIGN_ONCE.  If the data
  structure is larger than the machine word size memcpy is used and a
  warning is emitted.  The next patches fix up several in-tree users of
  ACCESS_ONCE on non-scalar types.

  This does not yet contain a patch that forces ACCESS_ONCE to work only
  on scalar types.  This is targetted for the next merge window as Linux
  next already contains new offenders regarding ACCESS_ONCE vs.
  non-scalar types"

* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/borntraeger/linux:
  s390/kvm: REPLACE barrier fixup with READ_ONCE
  arm/spinlock: Replace ACCESS_ONCE with READ_ONCE
  arm64/spinlock: Replace ACCESS_ONCE READ_ONCE
  mips/gup: Replace ACCESS_ONCE with READ_ONCE
  x86/gup: Replace ACCESS_ONCE with READ_ONCE
  x86/spinlock: Replace ACCESS_ONCE with READ_ONCE
  mm: replace ACCESS_ONCE with READ_ONCE or barriers
  kernel: Provide READ_ONCE and ASSIGN_ONCE
2014-12-20 16:48:59 -08:00
Linus Torvalds ecb5ec044a Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs
Pull vfs pile #3 from Al Viro:
 "Assorted fixes and patches from the last cycle"

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
  [regression] chunk lost from bd9b51
  vfs: make mounts and mountstats honor root dir like mountinfo does
  vfs: cleanup show_mountinfo
  init: fix read-write root mount
  unfuck binfmt_misc.c (broken by commit e6084d4)
  vm_area_operations: kill ->migrate()
  new helper: iter_is_iovec()
  move_extent_per_page(): get rid of unused w_flags
  lustre: get rid of playing with ->fs
  btrfs: filp_open() returns ERR_PTR() on failure, not NULL...
2014-12-19 18:19:19 -08:00
Ganesh Mahendran 66cdef663c mm/zsmalloc: adjust order of functions
Currently functions in zsmalloc.c does not arranged in a readable and
reasonable sequence.  With the more and more functions added, we may
meet below inconvenience.  For example:

Current functions:

    void zs_init()
    {
    }

    static void get_maxobj_per_zspage()
    {
    }

Then I want to add a func_1() which is called from zs_init(), and this
new added function func_1() will used get_maxobj_per_zspage() which is
defined below zs_init().

    void func_1()
    {
        get_maxobj_per_zspage()
    }

    void zs_init()
    {
        func_1()
    }

    static void get_maxobj_per_zspage()
    {
    }

This will cause compiling issue. So we must add a declaration:

    static void get_maxobj_per_zspage();

before func_1() if we do not put get_maxobj_per_zspage() before
func_1().

In addition, puting module_[init|exit] functions at the bottom of the
file conforms to our habit.

So, this patch ajusts function sequence as:

    /* helper functions */
    ...
    obj_location_to_handle()
    ...

    /* Some exported functions */
    ...

    zs_map_object()
    zs_unmap_object()

    zs_malloc()
    zs_free()

    zs_init()
    zs_exit()

Signed-off-by: Ganesh Mahendran <opensource.ganesh@gmail.com>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-18 19:08:11 -08:00
Andrew Morton d82fa87d2b mm/memory.c:do_shared_fault(): add comment
Belatedly document the changes in commit f0c6d4d295 ("mm: introduce
do_shared_fault() and drop do_fault()").

Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Bob Liu <lliubbo@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <matthew.r.wilcox@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-18 19:08:11 -08:00
Pintu Kumar e48322abb0 mm: cma: split cma-reserved in dmesg log
When the system boots up, in the dmesg logs we can see the memory
statistics along with total reserved as below.  Memory: 458840k/458840k
available, 65448k reserved, 0K highmem

When CMA is enabled, still the total reserved memory remains the same.
However, the CMA memory is not considered as reserved.  But, when we see
/proc/meminfo, the CMA memory is part of free memory.  This creates
confusion.  This patch corrects the problem by properly subtracting the
CMA reserved memory from the total reserved memory in dmesg logs.

Below is the dmesg snapshot from an arm based device with 512MB RAM and
12MB single CMA region.

Before this change:
  Memory: 458840k/458840k available, 65448k reserved, 0K highmem

After this change:
  Memory: 458840k/458840k available, 53160k reserved, 12288k cma-reserved, 0K highmem

Signed-off-by: Pintu Kumar <pintu.k@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Vishnu Pratap Singh <vishnu.ps@samsung.com>
Acked-by: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-18 19:08:10 -08:00
Zhihui Zhang 859f7ef142 mm/mempolicy.c: remove unnecessary is_valid_nodemask()
When nodes is true, nsc->mask2 has already been filtered by nsc->mask1,
which has already factored in node_states[N_MEMORY].

Signed-off-by: Zhihui Zhang <zzhsuny@gmail.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-18 19:08:10 -08:00
Christian Borntraeger e37c698270 mm: replace ACCESS_ONCE with READ_ONCE or barriers
ACCESS_ONCE does not work reliably on non-scalar types. For
example gcc 4.6 and 4.7 might remove the volatile tag for such
accesses during the SRA (scalar replacement of aggregates) step
(https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=58145)

Let's change the code to access the page table elements with
READ_ONCE that does implicit scalar accesses for the gup code.

mm_find_pmd is tricky, because m68k and sparc(32bit) define pmd_t
as array of longs. This code requires just that the pmd_present
and pmd_trans_huge check are done on the same value, so a barrier
is sufficent.

A similar case is in handle_pte_fault. On ppc44x the word size is
32 bit, but a pte is 64 bit. A barrier is ok as well.

Signed-off-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2014-12-18 09:54:37 +01:00
Linus Torvalds f045bbb9fa mmu_gather: fix over-eager tlb_flush_mmu_free() calling
Dave Hansen reports that commit fb7332a9fe ("mmu_gather: move minimal
range calculations into generic code") caused a performance problem:

  "tlb_finish_mmu() goes up about 9x in the profiles (~0.4%->3.6%) and
   tlb_flush_mmu_free() takes about 3.1% of CPU time with the patch
   applied, but does not show up at all on the commit before"

and the reason is that Will moved the test for whether we need to flush
from tlb_flush_mmu() into tlb_flush_mmu_tlbonly().  But that meant that
tlb_flush_mmu_free() basically lost that check.

Move it back into tlb_flush_mmu() where it belongs, so that it covers
both tlb_flush_mmu_tlbonly() _and_ tlb_flush_mmu_free().

Reported-and-tested-by: Dave Hansen <dave@sr71.net>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-17 11:59:04 -08:00
Al Viro 50062175ff vm_area_operations: kill ->migrate()
the only instance this method has ever grown was one in kernfs -
one that call ->migrate() of another vm_ops if it exists.

Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2014-12-17 08:26:51 -05:00
Al Viro 777eda2c5b new helper: iter_is_iovec()
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2014-12-17 06:43:56 -05:00
Linus Torvalds 0b233b7c79 Merge branch 'for-3.19' of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux
Pull nfsd updates from Bruce Fields:
 "A comparatively quieter cycle for nfsd this time, but still with two
  larger changes:

   - RPC server scalability improvements from Jeff Layton (using RCU
     instead of a spinlock to find idle threads).

   - server-side NFSv4.2 ALLOCATE/DEALLOCATE support from Anna
     Schumaker, enabling fallocate on new clients"

* 'for-3.19' of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux: (32 commits)
  nfsd4: fix xdr4 count of server in fs_location4
  nfsd4: fix xdr4 inclusion of escaped char
  sunrpc/cache: convert to use string_escape_str()
  sunrpc: only call test_bit once in svc_xprt_received
  fs: nfsd: Fix signedness bug in compare_blob
  sunrpc: add some tracepoints around enqueue and dequeue of svc_xprt
  sunrpc: convert to lockless lookup of queued server threads
  sunrpc: fix potential races in pool_stats collection
  sunrpc: add a rcu_head to svc_rqst and use kfree_rcu to free it
  sunrpc: require svc_create callers to pass in meaningful shutdown routine
  sunrpc: have svc_wake_up only deal with pool 0
  sunrpc: convert sp_task_pending flag to use atomic bitops
  sunrpc: move rq_cachetype field to better optimize space
  sunrpc: move rq_splice_ok flag into rq_flags
  sunrpc: move rq_dropme flag into rq_flags
  sunrpc: move rq_usedeferral flag to rq_flags
  sunrpc: move rq_local field to rq_flags
  sunrpc: add a generic rq_flags field to svc_rqst and move rq_secure to it
  nfsd: minor off by one checks in __write_versions()
  sunrpc: release svc_pool_map reference when serv allocation fails
  ...
2014-12-16 15:25:31 -08:00
Linus Torvalds 988adfdffd Merge branch 'drm-next' of git://people.freedesktop.org/~airlied/linux
Pull drm updates from Dave Airlie:
 "Highlights:

   - AMD KFD driver merge

     This is the AMD HSA interface for exposing a lowlevel interface for
     GPGPU use.  They have an open source userspace built on top of this
     interface, and the code looks as good as it was going to get out of
     tree.

   - Initial atomic modesetting work

     The need for an atomic modesetting interface to allow userspace to
     try and send a complete set of modesetting state to the driver has
     arisen, and been suffering from neglect this past year.  No more,
     the start of the common code and changes for msm driver to use it
     are in this tree.  Ongoing work to get the userspace ioctl finished
     and the code clean will probably wait until next kernel.

   - DisplayID 1.3 and tiled monitor exposed to userspace.

     Tiled monitor property is now exposed for userspace to make use of.

   - Rockchip drm driver merged.

   - imx gpu driver moved out of staging

  Other stuff:

   - core:
        panel - MIPI DSI + new panels.
        expose suggested x/y properties for virtual GPUs

   - i915:
        Initial Skylake (SKL) support
        gen3/4 reset work
        start of dri1/ums removal
        infoframe tracking
        fixes for lots of things.

   - nouveau:
        tegra k1 voltage support
        GM204 modesetting support
        GT21x memory reclocking work

   - radeon:
        CI dpm fixes
        GPUVM improvements
        Initial DPM fan control

   - rcar-du:
        HDMI support added
        removed some support for old boards
        slave encoder driver for Analog Devices adv7511

   - exynos:
        Exynos4415 SoC support

   - msm:
        a4xx gpu support
        atomic helper conversion

   - tegra:
        iommu support
        universal plane support
        ganged-mode DSI support

   - sti:
        HDMI i2c improvements

   - vmwgfx:
        some late fixes.

   - qxl:
        use suggested x/y properties"

* 'drm-next' of git://people.freedesktop.org/~airlied/linux: (969 commits)
  drm: sti: fix module compilation issue
  drm/i915: save/restore GMBUS freq across suspend/resume on gen4
  drm: sti: correctly cleanup CRTC and planes
  drm: sti: add HQVDP plane
  drm: sti: add cursor plane
  drm: sti: enable auxiliary CRTC
  drm: sti: fix delay in VTG programming
  drm: sti: prepare sti_tvout to support auxiliary crtc
  drm: sti: use drm_crtc_vblank_{on/off} instead of drm_vblank_{on/off}
  drm: sti: fix hdmi avi infoframe
  drm: sti: remove event lock while disabling vblank
  drm: sti: simplify gdp code
  drm: sti: clear all mixer control
  drm: sti: remove gpio for HDMI hot plug detection
  drm: sti: allow to change hdmi ddc i2c adapter
  drm/doc: Document drm_add_modes_noedid() usage
  drm/i915: Remove '& 0xffff' from the mask given to WA_REG()
  drm/i915: Invert the mask and val arguments in wa_add() and WA_REG()
  drm: Zero out DRM object memory upon cleanup
  drm/i915/bdw: Fix the write setting up the WIZ hashing mode
  ...
2014-12-15 15:52:01 -08:00
Linus Torvalds 7d22286ff7 Merge git://git.kvack.org/~bcrl/aio-next
Pull aio updates from Benjamin LaHaise.

* git://git.kvack.org/~bcrl/aio-next:
  aio: Skip timer for io_getevents if timeout=0
  aio: Make it possible to remap aio ring
2014-12-14 13:36:57 -08:00
Pavel Emelyanov e4a0d3e720 aio: Make it possible to remap aio ring
There are actually two issues this patch addresses. Let me start with
the one I tried to solve in the beginning.

So, in the checkpoint-restore project (criu) we try to dump tasks'
state and restore one back exactly as it was. One of the tasks' state
bits is rings set up with io_setup() call. There's (almost) no problems
in dumping them, there's a problem restoring them -- if I dump a task
with aio ring originally mapped at address A, I want to restore one
back at exactly the same address A. Unfortunately, the io_setup() does
not allow for that -- it mmaps the ring at whatever place mm finds
appropriate (it calls do_mmap_pgoff() with zero address and without
the MAP_FIXED flag).

To make restore possible I'm going to mremap() the freshly created ring
into the address A (under which it was seen before dump). The problem is
that the ring's virtual address is passed back to the user-space as the
context ID and this ID is then used as search key by all the other io_foo()
calls. Reworking this ID to be just some integer doesn't seem to work, as
this value is already used by libaio as a pointer using which this library
accesses memory for aio meta-data.

So, to make restore work we need to make sure that

a) ring is mapped at desired virtual address
b) kioctx->user_id matches this value

Having said that, the patch makes mremap() on aio region update the
kioctx's user_id and mmap_base values.

Here appears the 2nd issue I mentioned in the beginning of this mail.
If (regardless of the C/R dances I do) someone creates an io context
with io_setup(), then mremap()-s the ring and then destroys the context,
the kill_ioctx() routine will call munmap() on wrong (old) address.
This will result in a) aio ring remaining in memory and b) some other
vma get unexpectedly unmapped.

What do you think?

Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Dmitry Monakhov <dmonakhov@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin LaHaise <bcrl@kvack.org>
2014-12-13 17:49:50 -05:00
Thierry Reding 620951e274 mm/cma: make kmemleak ignore CMA regions
kmemleak will add allocations as objects to a pool.  The memory allocated
for each object in this pool is periodically searched for pointers to
other allocated objects.  This only works for memory that is mapped into
the kernel's virtual address space, which happens not to be the case for
most CMA regions.

Furthermore, CMA regions are typically used to store data transferred to
or from a device and therefore don't contain pointers to other objects.

Without this, the kernel crashes on the first execution of the
scan_gray_list() because it tries to access highmem.  Perhaps a more
appropriate fix would be to reject any object that can't map to a kernel
virtual address?

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add comment]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix comment, per Catalin]
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: include linux/io.h for phys_to_virt()]
Signed-off-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:53 -08:00
Vladimir Davydov dee2f8aaab slub: fix cpuset check in get_any_partial
If we fail to allocate from the current node's stock, we look for free
objects on other nodes before calling the page allocator (see
get_any_partial).  While checking other nodes we respect cpuset
constraints by calling cpuset_zone_allowed.  We enforce hardwall check.
As a result, we will fallback to the page allocator even if there are some
pages cached on other nodes, but the current cpuset doesn't have them set.
 However, the page allocator uses softwall check for kernel allocations,
so it may allocate from one of the other nodes in this case.

Therefore we should use softwall cpuset check in get_any_partial to
conform with the cpuset check in the page allocator.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Zefan Li <lizefan@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:53 -08:00
Vladimir Davydov 061d7074e1 slab: fix cpuset check in fallback_alloc
fallback_alloc is called on kmalloc if the preferred node doesn't have
free or partial slabs and there's no pages on the node's free list
(GFP_THISNODE allocations fail).  Before invoking the reclaimer it tries
to locate a free or partial slab on other allowed nodes' lists.  While
iterating over the preferred node's zonelist it skips those zones which
hardwall cpuset check returns false for.  That means that for a task bound
to a specific node using cpusets fallback_alloc will always ignore free
slabs on other nodes and go directly to the reclaimer, which, however, may
allocate from other nodes if cpuset.mem_hardwall is unset (default).  As a
result, we may get lists of free slabs grow without bounds on other nodes,
which is bad, because inactive slabs are only evicted by cache_reap at a
very slow rate and cannot be dropped forcefully.

To reproduce the issue, run a process that will walk over a directory tree
with lots of files inside a cpuset bound to a node that constantly
experiences memory pressure.  Look at num_slabs vs active_slabs growth as
reported by /proc/slabinfo.

To avoid this we should use softwall cpuset check in fallback_alloc.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Zefan Li <lizefan@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:53 -08:00
Heesub Shin 1dd61aa31c mm/zbud: init user ops only when it is needed
When zbud is initialized through the zpool wrapper, pool->ops which
points to user-defined operations is always set regardless of whether it
is specified from the upper layer. This causes zbud_reclaim_page() to
iterate its loop for evicting pool pages out without any gain.

This patch sets the user-defined ops only when it is needed, so that
zbud_reclaim_page() can bail out the reclamation loop earlier if there
is no user-defined operations specified.

Signed-off-by: Heesub Shin <heesub.shin@samsung.com>
Acked-by: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjennings@variantweb.net>
Cc: Sunae Seo <sunae.seo@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:51 -08:00
Markus Elfring 442cc432e6 mm/zswap: delete unnecessary check before calling free_percpu()
free_percpu() tests whether its argument is NULL and then returns
immediately.  Thus the test around the call is not needed.

This issue was detected by using the Coccinelle software.

Signed-off-by: Markus Elfring <elfring@users.sourceforge.net>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjennings@variantweb.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:50 -08:00
Mahendran Ganesh dd01d7d89a mm/zswap: add __init to some functions in zswap
zswap_cpu_init/zswap_comp_exit/zswap_entry_cache_create is only called by
__init init_zswap()

Signed-off-by: Mahendran Ganesh <opensource.ganesh@gmail.com>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjennings@variantweb.net>
Cc: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:50 -08:00
Ganesh Mahendran 181366561a mm/zsmalloc: allocate exactly size of struct zs_pool
In zs_create_pool(), we allocate memory more then sizeof(struct zs_pool)
  ovhd_size = roundup(sizeof(*pool), PAGE_SIZE);

This patch allocate memory of exactly needed size.

Signed-off-by: Ganesh Mahendran <opensource.ganesh@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:50 -08:00
Ganesh Mahendran df8b5bb998 mm/zsmalloc: avoid duplicate assignment of prev_class
In zs_create_pool(), prev_class is assigned (ZS_SIZE_CLASSES - 1) times.
And the prev_class only references to the previous size_class.  So we do
not need unnecessary assignement.

This patch assigns *prev_class* when a new size_class structure is
allocated and uses prev_class to check whether the first class has been
allocated.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove now-unused ZS_SIZE_CLASSES]
Signed-off-by: Ganesh Mahendran <opensource.ganesh@gmail.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Reviewed-by: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:50 -08:00
Mahendran Ganesh 40f9fb8cff mm/zsmalloc: support allocating obj with size of ZS_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE
I sent a patch [1] for unnecessary check in zsmalloc.  And Minchan Kim
found zsmalloc even does not support allocating an obj with the size of
ZS_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE in some situations.

For example:
   In system with 64KB PAGE_SIZE and 32 bit of physical addr. Then:
   ZS_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE is 32 bytes which is calculated by:
      MAX(32, (ZS_MAX_PAGES_PER_ZSPAGE << PAGE_SHIFT >> OBJ_INDEX_BITS))
   ZS_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE is 64KB(in current code, is PAGE_SIZE)
   ZS_SIZE_CLASS_DELTA is 256 bytes
   So, ZS_SIZE_CLASSES = (ZS_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE - ZS_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE) /
                          ZS_SIZE_CLASS_DELTA + 1
                       = 256

   In zs_create_pool(), the max size obj which can be allocated will be:
      ZS_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE + i * ZS_SIZE_CLASS_DELTA = 32 + 255*256 = 65312

   We can see that 65312 < 65536 (ZS_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE). So we can NOT
   allocate objs with size ZS_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE(65536) which we promise upper
   users we can do.

 [1]  http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1411.2/03835.html
 [2]  http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1411.2/04534.html

This patch fixes this issue by dynamiclly calculating zs_size_classes when
module is loaded, allocates buffer with size ZS_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE.  Then the
max obj(size is ZS_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE) can be stored in it.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: restore ZS_SIZE_CLASSES to fix bisectability]
Signed-off-by: Mahendran Ganesh <opensource.ganesh@gmail.com>
Suggested-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:50 -08:00
Minchan Kim af4ee5e977 zsmalloc: correct fragile [kmap|kunmap]_atomic use
The kunmap_atomic should use virtual address getting by kmap_atomic.
However, some pieces of code in zsmalloc uses modified address, not the
one got by kmap_atomic for kunmap_atomic.

It's okay for working because zsmalloc modifies the address inner
PAGE_SIZE bounday so it works with current kmap_atomic's implementation.
But it's still fragile with potential changing of kmap_atomic so let's
correct it.

I got a subtle bug when I implemented a new feature of zsmalloc
(compaction) due to a link's mishandling (the link was over page
boundary).  Although it was totally my mistake, it took a while to find
the cause because an unpredictable kmapped address was unmapped causing an
almost random crash.

Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjennings@variantweb.net>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:50 -08:00
Sergey Senozhatsky b1b00a5b8a zsmalloc: fix zs_init cpu notifier error handling
Mahendran Ganesh reported that zpool-enabled zsmalloc should not call
zpool_unregister_driver() from zs_init() if cpu notifier registration has
failed, because error handling is performed before we register the driver
via zpool_register_driver() call.

Factor out cpu notifier registration and unregistration code and fix
zs_init() error handling.

link: http://lkml.iu.edu//hypermail/linux/kernel/1411.1/04156.html
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: squash bogus gcc warning]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: use __init and __exit]
Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Mahendran Ganesh <opensource.ganesh@gmail.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:50 -08:00
Joonsoo Kim 9eec4cd53f zsmalloc: merge size_class to reduce fragmentation
zsmalloc has many size_classes to reduce fragmentation and they are in 16
bytes unit, for example, 16, 32, 48, etc., if PAGE_SIZE is 4096.  And,
zsmalloc has constraint that each zspage has 4 pages at maximum.

In this situation, we can see interesting aspect.  Let's think about
size_class for 1488, 1472, ..., 1376.  To prevent external fragmentation,
they uses 4 pages per zspage and so all they can contain 11 objects at
maximum.

16384 (4096 * 4) = 1488 * 11 + remains
16384 (4096 * 4) = 1472 * 11 + remains
16384 (4096 * 4) = ...
16384 (4096 * 4) = 1376 * 11 + remains

It means that they have same characteristics and classification between
them isn't needed.  If we use one size_class for them, we can reduce
fragementation and save some memory since both the 1488 and 1472 sized
classes can only fit 11 objects into 4 pages, and an object that's 1472
bytes can fit into an object that's 1488 bytes, merging these classes to
always use objects that are 1488 bytes will reduce the total number of
size classes.  And reducing the total number of size classes reduces
overall fragmentation, because a wider range of compressed pages can fit
into a single size class, leaving less unused objects in each size class.

For this purpose, this patch implement size_class merging.  If there is
size_class that have same pages_per_zspage and same number of objects per
zspage with previous size_class, we don't create new size_class.  Instead,
we use previous, same characteristic size_class.  With this way, above
example sizes (1488, 1472, ..., 1376) use just one size_class so we can
get much more memory utilization.

Below is result of my simple test.

TEST ENV: EXT4 on zram, mount with discard option WORKLOAD: untar kernel
source code, remove directory in descending order in size.  (drivers arch
fs sound include net Documentation firmware kernel tools)

Each line represents orig_data_size, compr_data_size, mem_used_total,
fragmentation overhead (mem_used - compr_data_size) and overhead ratio
(overhead to compr_data_size), respectively, after untar and remove
operation is executed.

* untar-nomerge.out

orig_size compr_size used_size overhead overhead_ratio
525.88MB 199.16MB 210.23MB  11.08MB 5.56%
288.32MB  97.43MB 105.63MB   8.20MB 8.41%
177.32MB  61.12MB  69.40MB   8.28MB 13.55%
146.47MB  47.32MB  56.10MB   8.78MB 18.55%
124.16MB  38.85MB  48.41MB   9.55MB 24.58%
103.93MB  31.68MB  40.93MB   9.25MB 29.21%
 84.34MB  22.86MB  32.72MB   9.86MB 43.13%
 66.87MB  14.83MB  23.83MB   9.00MB 60.70%
 60.67MB  11.11MB  18.60MB   7.49MB 67.48%
 55.86MB   8.83MB  16.61MB   7.77MB 88.03%
 53.32MB   8.01MB  15.32MB   7.31MB 91.24%

* untar-merge.out

orig_size compr_size used_size overhead overhead_ratio
526.23MB 199.18MB 209.81MB  10.64MB 5.34%
288.68MB  97.45MB 104.08MB   6.63MB 6.80%
177.68MB  61.14MB  66.93MB   5.79MB 9.47%
146.83MB  47.34MB  52.79MB   5.45MB 11.51%
124.52MB  38.87MB  44.30MB   5.43MB 13.96%
104.29MB  31.70MB  36.83MB   5.13MB 16.19%
 84.70MB  22.88MB  27.92MB   5.04MB 22.04%
 67.11MB  14.83MB  19.26MB   4.43MB 29.86%
 60.82MB  11.10MB  14.90MB   3.79MB 34.17%
 55.90MB   8.82MB  12.61MB   3.79MB 42.97%
 53.32MB   8.01MB  11.73MB   3.73MB 46.53%

As you can see above result, merged one has better utilization (overhead
ratio, 5th column) and uses less memory (mem_used_total, 3rd column).

Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Cc: Luigi Semenzato <semenzato@google.com>
Cc: <juno.choi@lge.com>
Cc: "seungho1.park" <seungho1.park@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:49 -08:00
Rickard Strandqvist 70bc068c4f mm/memcontrol.c: remove unused mem_cgroup_lru_names_not_uptodate()
Remove unused mem_cgroup_lru_names_not_uptodate() and move BUILD_BUG_ON()
to the beginning of memcg_stat_show().

This was partially found by using a static code analysis program called
cppcheck.

Signed-off-by: Rickard Strandqvist <rickard_strandqvist@spectrumdigital.se>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:49 -08:00
Vladimir Davydov 8135be5a80 memcg: fix possible use-after-free in memcg_kmem_get_cache()
Suppose task @t that belongs to a memory cgroup @memcg is going to
allocate an object from a kmem cache @c.  The copy of @c corresponding to
@memcg, @mc, is empty.  Then if kmem_cache_alloc races with the memory
cgroup destruction we can access the memory cgroup's copy of the cache
after it was destroyed:

CPU0				CPU1
----				----
[ current=@t
  @mc->memcg_params->nr_pages=0 ]

kmem_cache_alloc(@c):
  call memcg_kmem_get_cache(@c);
  proceed to allocation from @mc:
    alloc a page for @mc:
      ...

				move @t from @memcg
				destroy @memcg:
				  mem_cgroup_css_offline(@memcg):
				    memcg_unregister_all_caches(@memcg):
				      kmem_cache_destroy(@mc)

    add page to @mc

We could fix this issue by taking a reference to a per-memcg cache, but
that would require adding a per-cpu reference counter to per-memcg caches,
which would look cumbersome.

Instead, let's take a reference to a memory cgroup, which already has a
per-cpu reference counter, in the beginning of kmem_cache_alloc to be
dropped in the end, and move per memcg caches destruction from css offline
to css free.  As a side effect, per-memcg caches will be destroyed not one
by one, but all at once when the last page accounted to the memory cgroup
is freed.  This doesn't sound as a high price for code readability though.

Note, this patch does add some overhead to the kmem_cache_alloc hot path,
but it is pretty negligible - it's just a function call plus a per cpu
counter decrement, which is comparable to what we already have in
memcg_kmem_get_cache.  Besides, it's only relevant if there are memory
cgroups with kmem accounting enabled.  I don't think we can find a way to
handle this race w/o it, because alloc_page called from kmem_cache_alloc
may sleep so we can't flush all pending kmallocs w/o reference counting.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:49 -08:00
Michele Curti ae6e71d3d9 mm/memcontrol.c: fix defined but not used compiler warning
test_mem_cgroup_node_reclaimable() is used only when MAX_NUMNODES > 1, so
move it into the compiler if statement

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: clean up layout]
Signed-off-by: Michele Curti <michele.curti@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:49 -08:00
Mel Gorman 441c228f81 mm: fadvise: document the fadvise(FADV_DONTNEED) behaviour for partial pages
A random seek IO benchmark appeared to regress because of a change to
readahead but the real problem was the benchmark.  To ensure the IO
request accesssed disk, it used fadvise(FADV_DONTNEED) on a block boundary
(512K) but the hint is ignored by the kernel.  This is correct but not
necessarily obvious behaviour.  As much as I dislike comment patches, the
explanation for this behaviour predates current git history.  Clarify why
it behaves like this in case someone "fixes" fadvise or readahead for the
wrong reasons.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:49 -08:00
Dmitry Vyukov 7e5b528b4c mm/vmalloc.c: fix memory ordering bug
Read memory barriers must follow the read operations.

Signed-off-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Acked-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:49 -08:00
Oleg Nesterov 6a2d5679b4 oom: kill the insufficient and no longer needed PT_TRACE_EXIT check
After the previous patch we can remove the PT_TRACE_EXIT check in
oom_scan_process_thread(), it was added to handle the case when the
coredumping was "frozen" by ptrace, but it doesn't really work.  If
nothing else, we would need to check all threads which could share the
same ->mm to make it more or less correct.

Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:49 -08:00
Oleg Nesterov d003f371b2 oom: don't assume that a coredumping thread will exit soon
oom_kill.c assumes that PF_EXITING task should exit and free the memory
soon.  This is wrong in many ways and one important case is the coredump.
A task can sleep in exit_mm() "forever" while the coredumping sub-thread
can need more memory.

Change the PF_EXITING checks to take SIGNAL_GROUP_COREDUMP into account,
we add the new trivial helper for that.

Note: this is only the first step, this patch doesn't try to solve other
problems.  The SIGNAL_GROUP_COREDUMP check is obviously racy, a task can
participate in coredump after it was already observed in PF_EXITING state,
so TIF_MEMDIE (which also blocks oom-killer) still can be wrongly set.
fatal_signal_pending() can be true because of SIGNAL_GROUP_COREDUMP so
out_of_memory() and mem_cgroup_out_of_memory() shouldn't blindly trust it.
 And even the name/usage of the new helper is confusing, an exiting thread
can only free its ->mm if it is the only/last task in thread group.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add comment]
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:49 -08:00
Zhong Hongbo ba914f4815 mm: remove the highmem zones' memmap in the highmem zone
Since 01cefaef40 ("mm: provide more accurate estimation
of pages occupied by memmap") allocate the pages from lowmem for the
highmem zones' memmap. So It is not need to reserver the memmap's for
the highmem.

A 2G DDR3 for the arm platform:
On node 0 totalpages: 524288
free_area_init_node: node 0, pgdat 80ccd380, node_mem_map 80d38000
  DMA zone: 3568 pages used for memmap
  DMA zone: 0 pages reserved
  DMA zone: 456704 pages, LIFO batch:31
  HighMem zone: 528 pages used for memmap
  HighMem zone: 67584 pages, LIFO batch:15

On node 0 totalpages: 524288
free_area_init_node: node 0, pgdat 80cd6f40, node_mem_map 80d42000
  DMA zone: 3568 pages used for memmap
  DMA zone: 0 pages reserved
  DMA zone: 456704 pages, LIFO batch:31
  HighMem zone: 67584 pages, LIFO batch:15

Signed-off-by: Hongbo Zhong <hongbo.zhong@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:49 -08:00
Hugh Dickins 2ebba6b7e1 mm: unmapped page migration avoid unmap+remap overhead
Page migration's __unmap_and_move(), and rmap's try_to_unmap(), were
created for use on pages almost certainly mapped into userspace.  But
nowadays compaction often applies them to unmapped page cache pages: which
may exacerbate contention on i_mmap_rwsem quite unnecessarily, since
try_to_unmap_file() makes no preliminary page_mapped() check.

Now check page_mapped() in __unmap_and_move(); and avoid repeating the
same overhead in rmap_walk_file() - don't remove_migration_ptes() when we
never inserted any.

(The PageAnon(page) comment blocks now look even sillier than before, but
clean that up on some other occasion.  And note in passing that
try_to_unmap_one() does not use a migration entry when PageSwapCache, so
remove_migration_ptes() will then not update that swap entry to newpage
pte: not a big deal, but something else to clean up later.)

Davidlohr remarked in "mm,fs: introduce helpers around the i_mmap_mutex"
conversion to i_mmap_rwsem, that "The biggest winner of these changes is
migration": a part of the reason might be all of that unnecessary taking
of i_mmap_mutex in page migration; and it's rather a shame that I didn't
get around to sending this patch in before his - this one is much less
useful after Davidlohr's conversion to rwsem, but still good.

Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:49 -08:00
Johannes Weiner 6b4f7799c6 mm: vmscan: invoke slab shrinkers from shrink_zone()
The slab shrinkers are currently invoked from the zonelist walkers in
kswapd, direct reclaim, and zone reclaim, all of which roughly gauge the
eligible LRU pages and assemble a nodemask to pass to NUMA-aware
shrinkers, which then again have to walk over the nodemask.  This is
redundant code, extra runtime work, and fairly inaccurate when it comes to
the estimation of actually scannable LRU pages.  The code duplication will
only get worse when making the shrinkers cgroup-aware and requiring them
to have out-of-band cgroup hierarchy walks as well.

Instead, invoke the shrinkers from shrink_zone(), which is where all
reclaimers end up, to avoid this duplication.

Take the count for eligible LRU pages out of get_scan_count(), which
considers many more factors than just the availability of swap space, like
zone_reclaimable_pages() currently does.  Accumulate the number over all
visited lruvecs to get the per-zone value.

Some nodes have multiple zones due to memory addressing restrictions.  To
avoid putting too much pressure on the shrinkers, only invoke them once
for each such node, using the class zone of the allocation as the pivot
zone.

For now, this integrates the slab shrinking better into the reclaim logic
and gets rid of duplicative invocations from kswapd, direct reclaim, and
zone reclaim.  It also prepares for cgroup-awareness, allowing
memcg-capable shrinkers to be added at the lruvec level without much
duplication of both code and runtime work.

This changes kswapd behavior, which used to invoke the shrinkers for each
zone, but with scan ratios gathered from the entire node, resulting in
meaningless pressure quantities on multi-zone nodes.

Zone reclaim behavior also changes.  It used to shrink slabs until the
same amount of pages were shrunk as were reclaimed from the LRUs.  Now it
merely invokes the shrinkers once with the zone's scan ratio, which makes
the shrinkers go easier on caches that implement aging and would prefer
feeding back pressure from recently used slab objects to unused LRU pages.

[vdavydov@parallels.com: assure class zone is populated]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:48 -08:00
Davidlohr Bueso f5f302e212 mm,vmacache: count number of system-wide flushes
These flushes deal with sequence number overflows, such as for long lived
threads.  These are rare, but interesting from a debugging PoV.  As such,
display the number of flushes when vmacache debugging is enabled.

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:48 -08:00
Joonsoo Kim 61cf5febdf mm/page_owner: correct owner information for early allocated pages
Extended memory to store page owner information is initialized some time
later than that page allocator starts.  Until initialization, many pages
can be allocated and they have no owner information.  This make debugging
using page owner harder, so some fixup will be helpful.

This patch fixes up this situation by setting fake owner information
immediately after page extension is initialized.  Information doesn't tell
the right owner, but, at least, it can tell whether page is allocated or
not, more correctly.

On my testing, this patch catches 13343 early allocated pages, although
they are mostly allocated from page extension feature.  Anyway, after
then, there is no page left that it is allocated and has no page owner
flag.

Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@sr71.net>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Jungsoo Son <jungsoo.son@lge.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-12-13 12:42:48 -08:00