The {get,put}_user macros don't perform range checking on the provided
__user address when !CPU_HAS_DOMAINS.
This patch reworks the out-of-line assembly accessors to check the user
address against a specified limit, returning -EFAULT if is is out of
range.
[will: changed get_user register allocation to match put_user]
[rmk: fixed building on older ARM architectures]
Reported-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
This partially reverts 357c9c1f07
(ARM: Remove support for ARMv3 ARM610 and ARM710 CPUs).
Although we only support StrongARM on the RiscPC, we need to keep the
ARMv3 user access code for this platform because the bus does not
understand half-word load/stores.
Reported-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Add #include <linux/kern_levels.h> so that the #define KERN_<LEVEL> macros
don't have to be duplicated.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch allows a timer-based delay implementation to be selected by
switching the delay routines over to use get_cycles, which is
implemented in terms of read_current_timer. This further allows us to
skip the loop calibration and have a consistent delay function in the
face of core frequency scaling.
To avoid the pain of dealing with memory-mapped counters, this
implementation uses the co-processor interface to the architected timers
when they are available. The previous loop-based implementation is
kept around for CPUs without the architected timers and we retain both
the maximum delay (2ms) and the corresponding conversion factors for
determining the number of loops required for a given interval. Since the
indirection of the timer routines will only work when called from C,
the sa1100 sleep routines are modified to branch to the loop-based delay
functions directly.
Tested-by: Shinya Kuribayashi <shinya.kuribayashi.px@renesas.com>
Reviewed-by: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
This patch implements the word-at-a-time interface for ARM using the
same algorithm as x86. We use the fls macro from ARMv5 onwards, where
we have a clz instruction available which saves us a mov instruction
when targetting Thumb-2. For older CPUs, we use the magic 0x0ff0001
constant. Big-endian configurations make use of the implementation from
asm-generic.
With this implemented, we can replace our byte-at-a-time strnlen_user
and strncpy_from_user functions with the optimised generic versions.
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
This patch removes support for ARMv3 CPUs, which haven't worked properly
for quite some time (see the FIXME comment in arch/arm/mm/fault.c). The
only V3 parts left is the cache model for ARMv3, which is needed for some
odd reason by ARM740T CPUs, and being able to build with -march=armv3,
which is required for the RiscPC platform due to its bus structure.
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Acked-by: Jean-Christophe PLAGNIOL-VILLARD <plagnioj@jcrosoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
This macro is used to generate unprivileged accesses (LDRT/STRT) to user
space.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
When disabling the MMU, it is necessary to take out a 1:1 identity map
of the reset code so that it can safely be executed with and without
the MMU active. To avoid the situation where the physical address of the
reset code aliases with the virtual address of the active stack (which
cannot be included in the 1:1 mapping), it is desirable to change to a
new stack at a location which is less likely to alias.
This code adds a new lib function, call_with_stack:
void call_with_stack(void (*fn)(void *), void *arg, void *sp);
which changes the stack to point at the sp parameter, before invoking
fn(arg) with the new stack selected.
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Martin <dave.martin@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
The bitops functions (e.g. _test_and_set_bit) on ARM do not have unwind
annotations and therefore the kernel cannot backtrace out of them on a
fatal error (for example, NULL pointer dereference).
This patch annotates the bitops assembly macros with UNWIND annotations
so that we can produce a meaningful backtrace on error. Callers of the
macros are modified to pass their function name as a macro parameter,
enforcing that the macros are used as standalone function implementations.
Acked-by: Dave Martin <dave.martin@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
The 64bit division functions never had unwinding annotations
added. This prevents a backtrace from being printed within
the function and if a division by 0 occurs. Add the annotations.
Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <lauraa@codeaurora.org>
Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Currently, show_regs calls __backtrace which does
nothing if CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER is not set. Switch to
dump_stack which handles both CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER and
CONFIG_ARM_UNWIND correctly.
__backtrace is now superseded by dump_stack in general
and show_regs was the last caller so remove __backtrace
as well.
Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <lauraa@codeaurora.org>
Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Since commit 1eb19a12bd ("lib/sha1: use the git implementation of
SHA-1"), the ARM SHA1 routines no longer work. The reason? They
depended on the larger 320-byte workspace, and now the sha1 workspace is
just 16 words (64 bytes). So the assembly version would overwrite the
stack randomly.
The optimized asm version is also probably slower than the new improved
C version, so there's no reason to keep it around. At least that was
the case in git, where what appears to be the same assembly language
version was removed two years ago because the optimized C BLK_SHA1 code
was faster.
Reported-and-tested-by: Joachim Eastwood <manabian@gmail.com>
Cc: Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Remove some includes of mach/hardware.h which are not needed. hardware.h
will be removed completely for tegra and cns3xxx in follow on patch.
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <rob.herring@calxeda.com>
Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
The software division functions never had unwinding annotations
added. Currently, when a division by zero occurs the backtrace shown
will stop at Ldiv0 or some completely unrelated function. Add
unwinding annotations in hopes of getting a more useful backtrace
when a division by zero occurs.
Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <lauraa@codeaurora.org>
Acked-by: Dave Martin <dave.martin@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Add pud_offset() et.al. between the pgd and pmd code in preparation of
using pgtable-nopud.h rather than 4level-fixup.h.
This incorporates a fix from Jamie Iles <jamie@jamieiles.com> for
uaccess_with_memcpy.c.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
The kernel doesn't officially need to interwork, but using BX
wherever appropriate will help educate people into good assembler
coding habits.
BX is appropriate here because this code is predicated on
__LINUX_ARM_ARCH__ >= 6
Signed-off-by: Dave Martin <dave.martin@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Switch the set/clear/change bitops to use the word-based exclusive
operations, which are only present in a wider range of ARM architectures
than the byte-based exclusive operations.
Tested record:
- Nicolas Pitre: ext3,rw,le
- Sourav Poddar: nfs,le
- Will Deacon: ext3,rw,le
- Tony Lindgren: ext3+nfs,le
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Sourav Poddar <sourav.poddar@ti.com>
Tested-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Add additional instructions to our assembly bitops functions to ensure
that they only operate on word-aligned pointers. This will be necessary
when we switch these operations to use the word-based exclusive
operations.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
We perform the microseconds to loops calculation using a number of
multiplies and shift rights. Each shift right rounds down the
resulting value, which can result in delays shorter than requested.
Ensure that we always round up.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
The find_next_bit, find_first_bit, find_next_zero_bit
and find_first_zero_bit functions were not properly
clamping to the maxbit argument at the bit level. They
were instead only checking maxbit at the byte level.
To fix this, add a compare and a conditional move
instruction to the end of the common bit-within-the-
byte code used by all the functions and be sure not to
clobber the maxbit argument before it is used.
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Stephen Warren <swarren@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: James Jones <jajones@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
This patch removes the domain switching functionality via the set_fs and
__switch_to functions on cores that have a TLS register.
Currently, the ioremap and vmalloc areas share the same level 1 page
tables and therefore have the same domain (DOMAIN_KERNEL). When the
kernel domain is modified from Client to Manager (via the __set_fs or in
the __switch_to function), the XN (eXecute Never) bit is overridden and
newer CPUs can speculatively prefetch the ioremap'ed memory.
Linux performs the kernel domain switching to allow user-specific
functions (copy_to/from_user, get/put_user etc.) to access kernel
memory. In order for these functions to work with the kernel domain set
to Client, the patch modifies the LDRT/STRT and related instructions to
the LDR/STR ones.
The user pages access rights are also modified for kernel read-only
access rather than read/write so that the copy-on-write mechanism still
works. CPU_USE_DOMAINS gets disabled only if the hardware has a TLS register
(CPU_32v6K is defined) since writing the TLS value to the high vectors page
isn't possible.
The user addresses passed to the kernel are checked by the access_ok()
function so that they do not point to the kernel space.
Tested-by: Anton Vorontsov <cbouatmailru@gmail.com>
Cc: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
* 'devel' of master.kernel.org:/home/rmk/linux-2.6-arm: (291 commits)
ARM: AMBA: Add pclk support to AMBA bus infrastructure
ARM: 6278/2: fix regression in RealView after the introduction of pclk
ARM: 6277/1: mach-shmobile: Allow users to select HZ, default to 128
ARM: 6276/1: mach-shmobile: remove duplicate NR_IRQS_LEGACY
ARM: 6246/1: mmci: support larger MMCIDATALENGTH register
ARM: 6245/1: mmci: enable hardware flow control on Ux500 variants
ARM: 6244/1: mmci: add variant data and default MCICLOCK support
ARM: 6243/1: mmci: pass power_mode to the translate_vdd callback
ARM: 6274/1: add global control registers definition header file for nuc900
mx2_camera: fix type of dma buffer virtual address pointer
mx2_camera: Add soc_camera support for i.MX25/i.MX27
arm/imx/gpio: add spinlock protection
ARM: Add support for the LPC32XX arch
ARM: LPC32XX: Arch config menu supoport and makefiles
ARM: LPC32XX: Phytec 3250 platform support
ARM: LPC32XX: Misc support functions
ARM: LPC32XX: Serial support code
ARM: LPC32XX: System suspend support
ARM: LPC32XX: GPIO, timer, and IRQ drivers
ARM: LPC32XX: Clock driver
...
Using the parent functions frame pointer to access our arguments is
completely wrong, whether or not we're building with frame pointers
or not. What we should be using is the stack pointer to get at the
word above the registers we stacked ourselves.
Reported-by: Bosko Radivojevic <bosko.radivojevic@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Bosko Radivojevic <bosko.radivojevic@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
This hasn't been actively maintained for a long time, only receiving
the occasional build update when things break. I doubt anyone has
one of these on their desks anymore.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
The patch adds the ENDPROC declarations for the __copy_to_user_std and
__clear_user_std functions. Without these, the compiler generates BXL to
ARM when compiling the kernel in Thumb-2 mode.
Reported-by: Kyungmin Park <kmpark@infradead.org>
Tested-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
/tmp/ccJ3ssZW.s: Assembler messages:
/tmp/ccJ3ssZW.s:1952: Error: can't resolve `.text' {.text section} - `.LFB1077'
This is caused because:
.section .data
.section .text
.section .text
.previous
does not return us to the .text section, but the .data section; this
makes use of .previous dangerous if the ordering of previous sections
is not known.
Fix up the other users of .previous; .pushsection and .popsection are
a safer pairing to use than .section and .previous.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being
included when building most .c files. percpu.h includes slab.h which
in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files
universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies.
percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed. Prepare for
this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those
headers directly instead of assuming availability. As this conversion
needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is
used as the basis of conversion.
http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py
The script does the followings.
* Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that
only the necessary includes are there. ie. if only gfp is used,
gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h.
* When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include
blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms
to its surrounding. It's put in the include block which contains
core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered -
alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there
doesn't seem to be any matching order.
* If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly
because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out
an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the
file.
The conversion was done in the following steps.
1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly
over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h
and ~3000 slab.h inclusions. The script emitted errors for ~400
files.
2. Each error was manually checked. Some didn't need the inclusion,
some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or
embedding .c file was more appropriate for others. This step added
inclusions to around 150 files.
3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits
from #2 to make sure no file was left behind.
4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed.
e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab
APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually.
5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically
editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h
files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell. Most gfp.h
inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually
wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros. Each
slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as
necessary.
6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h.
7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures
were fixed. CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my
distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few
more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things
build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq).
* x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config.
* powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig
* sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig
* ia64 SMP allmodconfig
* s390 SMP allmodconfig
* alpha SMP allmodconfig
* um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig
8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as
a separate patch and serve as bisection point.
Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step
6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch.
If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch
headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of
the specific arch.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Guess-its-ok-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
When compiling the kernel to Thumb-2, using a 16-bit NOP in the
memmove() implementation causes the preceding ADD PC instruction to
branch incorrectly in the middle of a 32-bit LDR or STR instruction. The
memmove() code is now similar to the memcpy() template.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Optimized version of copy_page() was written with assumption that cache
line size is 32 bytes. On Cortex-A8 cache line size is 64 bytes.
This patch tries to generalize copy_page() to work with any cache line
size if cache line size is multiple of 16 and page size is multiple of
two cache line size.
After this optimization we've got ~25% speedup on OMAP3(tested in
userspace).
There is test for kernelspace which trigger copy-on-write after fork():
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define BUF_SIZE (10000*4096)
#define NFORK 200
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
char *buf = malloc(BUF_SIZE);
int i;
memset(buf, 0, BUF_SIZE);
for(i = 0; i < NFORK; i++) {
if (fork()) {
wait(NULL);
} else {
int j;
for(j = 0; j < BUF_SIZE; j+= 4096)
buf[j] = (j & 0xFF) + 1;
break;
}
}
free(buf);
return 0;
}
Before optimization this test takes ~66 seconds, after optimization
takes ~56 seconds.
Signed-off-by: Siarhei Siamashka <siarhei.siamashka@nokia.com>
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Due to problems at cam.org, my nico@cam.org email address is no longer
valid. FRom now on, nico@fluxnic.net should be used instead.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Before this patch enabling and disabling irqs in assembler code and by
the hardware wasn't tracked completly.
I had to transpose two instructions in arch/arm/lib/bitops.h because
restore_irqs doesn't preserve the flags with CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS=y
Signed-off-by: Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de>
Since the Thumb-2 instructions can be 16-bit wide, data in the .text
sections may not be aligned to a 32-bit word and this leads to unaligned
exceptions. This patch does not affect the ARM code generation.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Previous size thresholds were guessed from various user space benchmarks
using a kernel with and without the alternative uaccess option. This
is however not as precise as a kernel based test to measure the real
speed of each method.
This adds a simple test bench to show the time needed for each method.
With this, the optimal size treshold for the alternative implementation
can be determined with more confidence. It appears that the optimal
threshold for both copy_to_user and clear_user is around 64 bytes. This
is not a surprise knowing that the memcpy and memset implementations
need at least 64 bytes to achieve maximum throughput.
One might suggest that such test be used to determine the optimal
threshold at run time instead, but results are near enough to 64 on
tested targets concerned by this alternative copy_to_user implementation,
so adding some overhead associated with a variable threshold is probably
not worth it for now.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@marvell.com>
Because the alternate copy_to_user implementation has a higher setup cost
than the standard implementation, the size of the memory area to copy
is tested and the standard implementation invoked instead when that size
is too small. Still, that test is made after the processor has preserved
a bunch of registers on the stack which have to be reloaded right away
needlessly in that case, causing a measurable performance regression
compared to plain usage of the standard implementation only.
To make the size test overhead negligible, let's factorize it out of
the alternate copy_to_user function where it is clear to the compiler
that no stack frame is needed. Thanks to CONFIG_ARM_UNWIND allowing
for frame pointers to be disabled and tail call optimization to kick in,
the overhead in the small copy case becomes only 3 assembly instructions.
A similar trick is applied to clear_user as well.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@marvell.com>
This implements {copy_to,clear}_user() by faulting in the userland
pages and then using the regular kernel mem{cpy,set}() to copy the
data (while holding the page table lock). This is a win if the regular
mem{cpy,set}() implementations are faster than the user copy functions,
which is the case e.g. on Feroceon, where 8-word STMs (which memcpy()
uses under the right conditions) give significantly higher memory write
throughput than a sequence of individual 32bit stores.
Here are numbers for page sized buffers on some Feroceon cores:
- copy_to_user on Orion5x goes from 51 MB/s to 83 MB/s
- clear_user on Orion5x goes from 89MB/s to 314MB/s
- copy_to_user on Kirkwood goes from 240 MB/s to 356 MB/s
- clear_user on Kirkwood goes from 367 MB/s to 1108 MB/s
- copy_to_user on Disco-Duo goes from 248 MB/s to 398 MB/s
- clear_user on Disco-Duo goes from 328 MB/s to 1741 MB/s
Because the setup cost is non negligible, this is worthwhile only if
the amount of data to copy is large enough. The operation falls back
to the standard implementation when the amount of data is below a certain
threshold. This threshold was determined empirically, however some targets
could benefit from a lower runtime determined value for optimal results
eventually.
In the copy_from_user() case, this technique does not provide any
worthwhile performance gain due to the fact that any kind of read access
allocates the cache and subsequent 32bit loads are just as fast as the
equivalent 8-word LDM.
Signed-off-by: Lennert Buytenhek <buytenh@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@marvell.com>
Tested-by: Martin Michlmayr <tbm@cyrius.com>
This allows for optional alternative implementations of __copy_to_user
and __clear_user, with a possible runtime fallback to the standard
version when the alternative provides no gain over that standard
version. This is done by making the standard __copy_to_user into a weak
alias for the symbol __copy_to_user_std. Same thing for __clear_user.
Those two functions are particularly good candidates to have alternative
implementations for, since they rely on the STRT instruction which has
lower performances than STM instructions on some CPU cores such as
the ARM1176 and Marvell Feroceon.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@marvell.com>
Mathieu Desnoyers pointed out that the ARM barriers were lacking:
- cmpxchg, xchg and atomic add return need memory barriers on
architectures which can reorder the relative order in which memory
read/writes can be seen between CPUs, which seems to include recent
ARM architectures. Those barriers are currently missing on ARM.
- test_and_xxx_bit were missing SMP barriers.
So put these barriers in. Provide separate atomic_add/atomic_sub
operations which do not require barriers.
Reported-Reviewed-and-Acked-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
The CLPS7500 platform has not built since 2.6.22-git7 and there
seems to be no interest in fixing it. So, remove the platform
support.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
As suggested by Andrew Morton, remove memzero() - it's not supported
on other architectures so use of it is a potential build breaking bug.
Since the compiler optimizes memset(x,0,n) to __memzero() perfectly
well, we don't miss out on the underlying benefits of memzero().
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Since the other assembly functions do not seem to save the frame
pointer onto the stack, this patch changes the csum_partial_copy_*
functions to behave in the same way.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
The last strnebt instruction has a post-index of 1 but the address
register is set to 0 in the next instruction, so no need for
post-indexing.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
This declaration specifies the "function" type and size for various
assembly functions, mainly needed for generating the correct branch
instructions in Thumb-2.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Remove includes of asm/hardware.h in addition to asm/arch/hardware.h.
Then, since asm/hardware.h only exists to include asm/arch/hardware.h,
update everything to directly include asm/arch/hardware.h and remove
asm/hardware.h.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Move platform independent header files to arch/arm/include/asm, leaving
those in asm/arch* and asm/plat* alone.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
This is a natural extension following the previous patch.
Non Feroceon based targets are unchanged.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Lennert Buytenhek <buytenh@marvell.com>
The implementation for memory copy functions on ARM had a (disabled)
provision for aligning the source pointer before loading registers with
data. Turns out that aligning the _destination_ pointer is much more
useful, as the read side is already sufficiently helped with the use of
preload.
So this changes the definition of the CALGN() macro to target the
destination pointer instead, and turns it on for Feroceon processors
where the gain is very noticeable.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Lennert Buytenhek <buytenh@marvell.com>
This code is currently disabled, which explains why no one was affected.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Lennert Buytenhek <buytenh@marvell.com>
The code in "1007:" is in the .fixup section, which in the mmuless
case is discarded. Since this code is referenced from the .text
section, it causes an link error. Move this code into the .text
section instead.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
MMUless systems have only one address space for all threads, so
both the usual access_ok() checks, and the exception handling do
not make much sense.
Hence, discard the fixup and exception tables at link time, use
memcpy/memset for the user copy/clearing functions, and define
the permission check macros to be constants.
Some of this patch was derived from the equivalent patch by
Hyok S. Choi.
Signed-off-by: Hyok S. Choi <hyok.choi@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Back in the days when we had armo (26-bit) and armv (32-bit) combined,
we had an additional layer to the uaccess macros to ensure correct
typing. Since we no longer have 26-bit in this tree, we no longer
need this layer, so eliminate it.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
As for RETINSTR/LOADREGS macros, these were for compatibility
with 26-bit ARMs. No longer required, so remove them.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
RETINSTR is a left-over from the days when we had 26-bit and
32-bit CPU support integrated into the same tree. Since this
is no longer the case, we can now remove RETINSTR.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Patch from Nicolas Pitre
Assembly code that calls C code must ensure the C code sees a 64-bit
aligned stack pointer.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Fix a lot of typos. Eyeballed by jmc@ in OpenBSD.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
ifeq ($CONFIG_PREEMPT,y) -> ifeq ($(CONFIG_PREEMPT),y)
Signed-off-by: Hyok S. Choi <hyok.choi@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Patch from Malcolm Parsons
Printking a backtrace requires printk, so disable backtrace code
when printk is disabled.
Without this patch, a kernel with CONFIG_PRINTK disabled does not link:
arch/arm/lib/lib.a(backtrace.o): In function `c_backtrace':
arch/arm/lib/backtrace.S:(.text+0x108): undefined reference to `printk'
arch/arm/lib/backtrace.S:(.text+0x11c): undefined reference to `printk'
arch/arm/lib/lib.a(backtrace.o):(.fixup+0x8): undefined reference to `printk'
Signed-off-by: Malcolm Parsons <malcolm.parsons@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Patch from Peter Teichmann
Currently, if the kernels HZ value is greater than 100, delays with the udelay function are too short. This can cause trouble for instance with the zd1201 usb wlan driver.
This patch suggests a solution that keeps the overhead small and maintains (hopefully) sufficient resolution.
Signed-off-by: Peter Teichmann
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
asm/hardware.h is not required for the majority of processor support
files, ioremap support, mm initialisation, acorn IO support, nor
the debug code (which picks up its machine specific includes via
debug-macros.S)
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
When shifting the low-parts of signed numbers, a logical shift
should be used to avoid sign-extending a bit which isn't a sign
bit.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Patch from Nicolas Pitre
The ARM EABI defines new names for GCC helper functions.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Patch from Nicolas Pitre
We must make sure that assembly code that modifies the stack pointer
before calling a C function does it so it remains 64-bit aligned.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Patch from Catalin Marinas
If the low interrupt latency mode is enabled for the CPU (from ARMv6
onwards), the ldm/stm instructions are no longer atomic. An ldm instruction
restoring the sp and pc registers can be interrupted immediately after sp
was updated but before the pc. If this happens, the CPU restores the base
register to the value before the ldm instruction but if the base register
is not sp, the interrupt routine will corrupt the stack and the restarted
ldm instruction will load garbage.
Note that future ARM cores might always run in the low interrupt latency
mode.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Unfortunately, later gcc versions error out when our get_user is passed
a const pointer, since we write to a temporary variable declared as
typeof(*(p)) which propagates the const-ness.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Patch from Nicolas Pitre
For assembly labels to actually be local they must start with ".L" and
not only "." otherwise they still remain visible in the final link and
clutter kallsyms needlessly, and possibly make for unclear symbolic
backtrace. This patch simply inserts a"L" where appropriate. The code
itself is unchanged.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Patch from Nicolas Pitre
For assembly labels to actually be local they must start with ".L" and
not only "." otherwise they still remain visible in the final link and
clutter kallsyms needlessly, and possibly make for unclear symbolic
backtrace. This patch simply inserts a"L" where appropriate. The code
itself is unchanged.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Patch from Nicolas Pitre
For assembly labels to actually be local they must start with ".L" and
not only "." otherwise they still remain visible in the final link and
clutter kallsyms needlessly, and possibly make for unclear symbolic
backtrace. This patch simply inserts a"L" where appropriate. The code
itself is unchanged.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Ji-In Park discovered a bug in csumpartial which caused wrong
checksums with misaligned buffers.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
save_and_disable_irqs does not need to use mov + msr (which was
introduced to work around a documentation bug which was propagated
into binutils.) Use msr with an immediate constant, and if we're
building for ARMv6 or later, use the new CPSID instruction.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Patch from Nicolas Pitre
ARM processors that have pld instructions are not using those copy_user
implementation anymore. Let's remove the useless PLD lines which were
half wrong anyway.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
The 'K' extension adds several new instructions to the ARMv6 ISA
which are primerily useful for SMP.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Patch from Nicolas Pitre
This patch provides a preemption safe implementation of copy_to_user
and copy_from_user based on the copy template also used for memcpy.
It is enabled unconditionally when CONFIG_PREEMPT=y. Otherwise if the
configured architecture is not ARMv3 then it is enabled as well as it
gives better performances at least on StrongARM and XScale cores. If
ARMv3 is not too affected or if it doesn't matter too much then
uaccess.S could be removed altogether.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Patch from Nicolas Pitre
This patch provides a new implementation for optimized memory copy
functions on ARM. It is made of two levels: a template that consists of
the core copy code and separate files that define macros to be used with
the core code depending on the type of copy needed. This allows for best
performances while sharing the same core for implementing memcpy(),
copy_from_user() and copy_to_user() for instance.
Two reasons for this work:
1) the current copy_to_user/copy_from_user implementation assumes no
task switch will ever occur in the middle of each copied page making
it completely unsafe with CONFIG_PREEMPT=y.
2) current copy implementations are measurably suboptimal and optimizing
different implementations separately is a pain and more opportunities
for bugs.
The reason for (1) is the fact that copy inside user pages are performed
with the ldm instruction which has no mean for testing user protections
and could possibly race with process preemption bypassing the COW mechanism
for example. This is a longstanding issue that we said ought to be fixed
for about two years now. The solution is to substitute those ldm insns
with a series of ldrt or strt insns to enforce user memory protection.
At least on StrongARM and XScale cores the ldm is not faster than the
equivalent ldr/str insns with a warm i-cache so there is no measurable
performance degradation with that change. The fact that the copy code is
a template makes it pretty easy to reuse the same core code as for memcpy
and benefit from the same performance optimizations.
Now (2) is best demonstrated with actual throughput measurements.
First, here is a summary of memcopy tests performed on a StrongARM core:
PTR alignment buffer size kernel version this version
------------------------------------------------------------
aligned 32 59.73 107.43
unaligned 32 61.31 74.72
aligned 100 132.47 136.15
unaligned 100 103.84 123.76
aligned 4096 130.67 130.80
unaligned 4096 130.68 130.64
aligned 1048576 68.03 68.18
unaligned 1048576 68.03 68.18
The buffer size is in bytes and the measured speed in MB/s. The copy
was performed repeatedly with given buffer and throughput averaged over
3 seconds.
Here we can see that the current kernel version has a higher entry cost
that shows up with small buffers. As buffer size grows both implementation
converge to the same throughput.
Now here's the exact same test performed on an XScale core (PXA255):
PTR alignment buffer size kernel version this version
------------------------------------------------------------
aligned 32 46.99 77.58
unaligned 32 53.61 59.59
aligned 100 107.19 136.59
unaligned 100 83.61 97.58
aligned 4096 129.13 129.98
unaligned 4096 128.36 128.53
aligned 1048576 53.76 59.41
unaligned 1048576 33.67 56.96
Again we can see the entry setup cost being higher for the current kernel
before getting to the main copy loop. Then throughput results converge
as long as the buffer remains in the cache. Then the 1MB case shows more
differences probably due to better pld placement and/or less instruction
interlocks in this proposed implementation.
Disclaimer: The PXA system was running with slower clocks than the
StrongARM system so trying to infer any conclusion by comparing those
separate sets of results side by side would be completely inappropriate.
So... What this patch does is to replace both memcpy and memmove with
an implementation based on the provided copy code template. The memmove
code is kept separate since it is used only if the memory areas involved
do overlap in which case the code is a transposition of the template but
with the copy occurring in the opposite direction (trying to fit that
mode into the template turned it into a mess not worth it for memmove
alone). And obviously both memcpy and memmove were tested with all kinds
of pointer alignments and buffer sizes to exercise all code paths for
correctness.
The next patch will provide the now trivial replacement implementation
copy_to_user and copy_from_user.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Patch from Nicolas Pitre
Required for future enhancement patches.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Patch from Nicolas Pitre
This patch gets rid of the last C implementations of needed libgcc
functions for the kernel, replacing them with optimized assembly
versions.
Those functions are:
__ashldi3
__ashrdi3
__lshrdi3
__muldi3
__ucmpdi2
The first 3 were lifted from gcc, the other two were written from scratch.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Patch from Nicolas Pitre
Here's an ARM assembly SHA1 implementation to replace the default C
version. It is approximately 50% faster than the generic C version. On
an XScale processor running at 400MHz:
generic C version: 9.8 MB/s
my version: 14.5 MB/s
This code is useful to quite a few callers in the tree:
crypto/sha1.c: sha_transform(sctx->state, sctx->buffer, temp);
crypto/sha1.c: sha_transform(sctx->state, &data[i], temp);
drivers/char/random.c: sha_transform(buf, (__u8 *)r->pool+i, buf + 5);
drivers/char/random.c: sha_transform(buf, (__u8 *)data, buf + 5);
net/ipv4/syncookies.c: sha_transform(tmp + 16, (__u8 *)tmp, tmp + 16 + 5);
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Seems to work fine on big-endian as well.
Signed-off-by: Lennert Buytenhek <buytenh@wantstofly.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
We sometimes forgot to check whether the exclusive store succeeded.
Ensure that we always check. Also ensure that we always use the
out of line versions, since the inline versions are not SMP safe.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
If we found that the bit was already in the desired state, we
would skip performing the operation, and write random data back.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Patch from Alexander Schulz
This patch brings a new default config file for the shark and
fixes a compilation issue with io addressing and a runtime
problem with the serial ports, where I corrected a wrong
regshift value.
These are all shark specific files so I hope it is ok to
put them in one patch.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Schulz <alex@shark-linux.de>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Russell King
Joe Perches
Will Deacon
Catalin Marinas
Laura Abbott
Arnd Bergmann
Linus Torvalds
Rob Herring
Dave Martin
James Jones
Tejun Heo
Kirill A. Shutemov
Nicolas Pitre
Russell King
Uwe Kleine-König
Nicolas Pitre
Lennert Buytenhek
Jean-Christophe DUBOIS
Simon Arlott
Jörn Engel
Linus Torvalds
Alexey Dobriyan
Hyok S. Choi
Malcolm Parsons
Peter Teichmann
Sam Ravnborg
Alexander Schulz