[Summary]
Split LRU-list of unused dentries to one per superblock to avoid soft
lock up during NFS mounts and remounting of any filesystem.
Previously I posted here:
http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/3/5/590
[Descriptions]
- background
dentry_unused is a list of dentries which are not referenced.
dentry_unused grows up when references on directories or files are
released. This list can be very long if there is huge free memory.
- the problem
When shrink_dcache_sb() is called, it scans all dentry_unused linearly
under spin_lock(), and if dentry->d_sb is differnt from given
superblock, scan next dentry. This scan costs very much if there are
many entries, and very ineffective if there are many superblocks.
IOW, When we need to shrink unused dentries on one dentry, but scans
unused dentries on all superblocks in the system. For example, we scan
500 dentries to unmount a filesystem, but scans 1,000,000 or more unused
dentries on other superblocks.
In our case , At mounting NFS*, shrink_dcache_sb() is called to shrink
unused dentries on NFS, but scans 100,000,000 unused dentries on
superblocks in the system such as local ext3 filesystems. I hear NFS
mounting took 1 min on some system in use.
* : NFS uses virtual filesystem in rpc layer, so NFS is affected by
this problem.
100,000,000 is possible number on large systems.
Per-superblock LRU of unused dentried can reduce the cost in
reasonable manner.
- How to fix
I found this problem is solved by David Chinner's "Per-superblock
unused dentry LRU lists V3"(1), so I rebase it and add some fix to
reclaim with fairness, which is in Andrew Morton's comments(2).
1) http://lkml.org/lkml/2006/5/25/318
2) http://lkml.org/lkml/2006/5/25/320
Split LRU-list of unused dentries to each superblocks. Then, NFS
mounting will check dentries under a superblock instead of all. But
this spliting will break LRU of dentry-unused. So, I've attempted to
make reclaim unused dentrins with fairness by calculate number of
dentries to scan on this sb based on following way
number of dentries to scan on this sb =
count * (number of dentries on this sb / number of dentries in the machine)
- ToDo
- I have to measuring performance number and do stress tests.
- When unmount occurs during prune_dcache(), scanning on same
superblock, It is unable to reach next superblock because it is gone
away. We restart scannig superblock from first one, it causes
unfairness of reclaim unused dentries on first superblock. But I think
this happens very rarely.
- Test Results
Result on 6GB boxes with excessive unused dentries.
Without patch:
$ cat /proc/sys/fs/dentry-state
10181835 10180203 45 0 0 0
# mount -t nfs 10.124.60.70:/work/kernel-src nfs
real 0m1.830s
user 0m0.001s
sys 0m1.653s
With this patch:
$ cat /proc/sys/fs/dentry-state
10236610 10234751 45 0 0 0
# mount -t nfs 10.124.60.70:/work/kernel-src nfs
real 0m0.106s
user 0m0.002s
sys 0m0.032s
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix comments]
Signed-off-by: Kentaro Makita <k-makita@np.css.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
Cc: David Chinner <dgc@sgi.com>
Cc: "J. Bruce Fields" <bfields@fieldses.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The double indirection here is not needed anywhere and hence (at least)
confusing.
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch adds proper extern declarations for five variables in
include/linux/vmstat.h
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net-2.6: (82 commits)
ipw2200: Call netif_*_queue() interfaces properly.
netxen: Needs to include linux/vmalloc.h
[netdrvr] atl1d: fix !CONFIG_PM build
r6040: rework init_one error handling
r6040: bump release number to 0.18
r6040: handle RX fifo full and no descriptor interrupts
r6040: change the default waiting time
r6040: use definitions for magic values in descriptor status
r6040: completely rework the RX path
r6040: call napi_disable when puting down the interface and set lp->dev accordingly.
mv643xx_eth: fix NETPOLL build
r6040: rework the RX buffers allocation routine
r6040: fix scheduling while atomic in r6040_tx_timeout
r6040: fix null pointer access and tx timeouts
r6040: prefix all functions with r6040
rndis_host: support WM6 devices as modems
at91_ether: use netstats in net_device structure
sfc: Create one RX queue and interrupt per CPU package by default
sfc: Use a separate workqueue for resets
sfc: I2C adapter initialisation fixes
...
get_proc_net() can now become static.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core-2.6: (79 commits)
arm: bus_id -> dev_name() and dev_set_name() conversions
sparc64: fix up bus_id changes in sparc core code
3c59x: handle pci_name() being const
MTD: handle pci_name() being const
HP iLO driver
sysdev: Convert the x86 mce tolerant sysdev attribute to generic attribute
sysdev: Add utility functions for simple int/ulong variable sysdev attributes
sysdev: Pass the attribute to the low level sysdev show/store function
driver core: Suppress sysfs warnings for device_rename().
kobject: Transmit return value of call_usermodehelper() to caller
sysfs-rules.txt: reword API stability statement
debugfs: Implement debugfs_remove_recursive()
HOWTO: change email addresses of James in HOWTO
always enable FW_LOADER unless EMBEDDED=y
uio-howto.tmpl: use unique output names
uio-howto.tmpl: use standard copyright/legal markings
sysfs: don't call notify_change
sysdev: fix debugging statements in registration code.
kobject: should use kobject_put() in kset-example
kobject: reorder kobject to save space on 64 bit builds
...
struct pagemap_walk was placed on stack, some hooks are initialized, the
rest (->pgd_entry, ->pud_entry, ->pte_entry) are valid but junk.
Reported-by: Eric Sesterhenn <snakebyte@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: "Vegard Nossum" <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org> [2.6.25.x, 2.6.26.x]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The Linux kernel puts the filename argument of execve() into the new
address space. Many developers are surprised to learn this. Those who
know and could use it, object "But it's not documented."
Those who want to use it dislike the expression
(char *)(1+ strlen(env[-1+ n_env]) + env[-1+ n_env])
because it requires locating the last original environment variable,
and assumes that the filename follows the characters.
This patch documents the insertion of the filename, and makes it easier
to find by adding a new tag AT_EXECFN in the ElfXX_auxv_t; see <elf.h>.
In many cases readlink("/proc/self/exe",) gives the same answer. But if
all the original pages get unmapped, then the kernel erases the symlink
for /proc/self/exe. This can happen when a program decompressor does a
good job of cleaning up after uncompressing directly to memory, so that
the address space of the target program looks the same as if compression
had never happened. One example is http://upx.sourceforge.net .
One notable use of the underlying concept (what path containED the
executable) is glibc expanding $ORIGIN in DT_RUNPATH. In practice for
the near term, it may be a good idea for user-mode code to use both
/proc/self/exe and AT_EXECFN as fall-back methods for each other.
/proc/self/exe can fail due to unmapping, AT_EXECFN can fail because it
won't be present on non-new systems. The auxvec or {AT_EXECFN}.d_val
also can get overwritten, although in nearly all cases this would be the
result of a bug.
The runtime cost is one NEW_AUX_ENT using two words of stack space. The
underlying value is maintained already as bprm->exec; setup_arg_pages()
in fs/exec.c slides it for stack_shift, etc.
Signed-off-by: John Reiser <jreiser@BitWagon.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
driver core: Suppress sysfs warnings for device_rename().
Renaming network devices to an already existing name is not
something we want sysfs to print a scary warning for, since the
callers can deal with this correctly. So let's introduce
sysfs_create_link_nowarn() which gets rid of the common warning.
Signed-off-by: Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
debugfs_remove_recursive() will remove a dentry and all its children.
Drivers can use this to zap their whole debugfs tree so that they don't
need to keep track of every single debugfs dentry they created.
It may fail to remove the whole tree in certain cases:
sh-3.2# rmmod atmel-mci < /sys/kernel/debug/mmc0/ios/clock
mmc0: card b368 removed
atmel_mci atmel_mci.0: Lost dma0chan1, falling back to PIO
sh-3.2# ls /sys/kernel/debug/mmc0/
ios
But I'm not sure if that case can be handled in any sane manner.
Signed-off-by: Haavard Skinnemoen <haavard.skinnemoen@atmel.com>
Cc: Pierre Ossman <drzeus-list@drzeus.cx>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
sysfs_chmod_file() calls notify_change() to change the permission bits
on a sysfs file. Replace with explicit call to sysfs_setattr() and
fsnotify_change().
This is equivalent, except that security_inode_setattr() is not
called. This function is called by drivers, so the security checks do
not make any sense.
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Kobjects do not have a limit in name size since a while, so stop
pretending that they do.
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
device_create() is race-prone, so use the race-free
device_create_drvdata() instead as device_create() is going away.
Cc: Jan Harkes <jaharkes@cs.cmu.edu>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
* 'for-2.6.27' of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux: (51 commits)
nfsd: nfs4xdr.c do-while is not a compound statement
nfsd: Use C99 initializers in fs/nfsd/nfs4xdr.c
lockd: Pass "struct sockaddr *" to new failover-by-IP function
lockd: get host reference in nlmsvc_create_block() instead of callers
lockd: minor svclock.c style fixes
lockd: eliminate duplicate nlmsvc_lookup_host call from nlmsvc_lock
lockd: eliminate duplicate nlmsvc_lookup_host call from nlmsvc_testlock
lockd: nlm_release_host() checks for NULL, caller needn't
file lock: reorder struct file_lock to save space on 64 bit builds
nfsd: take file and mnt write in nfs4_upgrade_open
nfsd: document open share bit tracking
nfsd: tabulate nfs4 xdr encoding functions
nfsd: dprint operation names
svcrdma: Change WR context get/put to use the kmem cache
svcrdma: Create a kmem cache for the WR contexts
svcrdma: Add flush_scheduled_work to module exit function
svcrdma: Limit ORD based on client's advertised IRD
svcrdma: Remove unused wait q from svcrdma_xprt structure
svcrdma: Remove unneeded spin locks from __svc_rdma_free
svcrdma: Add dma map count and WARN_ON
...
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net-2.6: (1232 commits)
iucv: Fix bad merging.
net_sched: Add size table for qdiscs
net_sched: Add accessor function for packet length for qdiscs
net_sched: Add qdisc_enqueue wrapper
highmem: Export totalhigh_pages.
ipv6 mcast: Omit redundant address family checks in ip6_mc_source().
net: Use standard structures for generic socket address structures.
ipv6 netns: Make several "global" sysctl variables namespace aware.
netns: Use net_eq() to compare net-namespaces for optimization.
ipv6: remove unused macros from net/ipv6.h
ipv6: remove unused parameter from ip6_ra_control
tcp: fix kernel panic with listening_get_next
tcp: Remove redundant checks when setting eff_sacks
tcp: options clean up
tcp: Fix MD5 signatures for non-linear skbs
sctp: Update sctp global memory limit allocations.
sctp: remove unnecessary byteshifting, calculate directly in big-endian
sctp: Allow only 1 listening socket with SO_REUSEADDR
sctp: Do not leak memory on multiple listen() calls
sctp: Support ipv6only AF_INET6 sockets.
...
* 'configfs-fixup-ptr-error' of git://oss.oracle.com/git/jlbec/linux-2.6:
configfs: Allow ->make_item() and ->make_group() to return detailed errors.
Revert "configfs: Allow ->make_item() and ->make_group() to return detailed errors."
Move the line disciplines towards a conventional ->ops arrangement. For
the moment the actual 'tty_ldisc' struct in the tty is kept as part of
the tty struct but this can then be changed if it turns out that when it
all settles down we want to refcount ldiscs separately to the tty.
Pull the ldisc code out of /proc and put it with our ldisc code.
Signed-off-by: Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The WRITEMEM macro produces sparse warnings of the form:
fs/nfsd/nfs4xdr.c:2668:2: warning: do-while statement is not a compound statement
Signed-off-by: Harvey Harrison <harvey.harrison@gmail.com>
Cc: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Thanks to problem report and original patch from Harvey Harrison.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Cc: Harvey Harrison <harvey.harrison@gmail.com>
Cc: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
There are already 7 of them - time to kill some duplicate code.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The configfs operations ->make_item() and ->make_group() currently
return a new item/group. A return of NULL signifies an error. Because
of this, -ENOMEM is the only return code bubbled up the stack.
Multiple folks have requested the ability to return specific error codes
when these operations fail. This patch adds that ability by changing the
->make_item/group() ops to return ERR_PTR() values. These errors are
bubbled up appropriately. NULL returns are changed to -ENOMEM for
compatibility.
Also updated are the in-kernel users of configfs.
This is a rework of reverted commit 11c3b79218.
Signed-off-by: Joel Becker <joel.becker@oracle.com>
* 'upstream-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mfasheh/ocfs2:
[PATCH] ocfs2: fix oops in mmap_truncate testing
configfs: call drop_link() to cleanup after create_link() failure
configfs: Allow ->make_item() and ->make_group() to return detailed errors.
configfs: Fix failing mkdir() making racing rmdir() fail
configfs: Fix deadlock with racing rmdir() and rename()
configfs: Make configfs_new_dirent() return error code instead of NULL
configfs: Protect configfs_dirent s_links list mutations
configfs: Introduce configfs_dirent_lock
ocfs2: Don't snprintf() without a format.
ocfs2: Fix CONFIG_OCFS2_DEBUG_FS #ifdefs
ocfs2/net: Silence build warnings on sparc64
ocfs2: Handle error during journal load
ocfs2: Silence an error message in ocfs2_file_aio_read()
ocfs2: use simple_read_from_buffer()
ocfs2: fix printk format warnings with OCFS2_FS_STATS=n
[PATCH 2/2] ocfs2: Instrument fs cluster locks
[PATCH 1/2] ocfs2: Add CONFIG_OCFS2_FS_STATS config option
This patch fixes a mmap_truncate bug which was found by ocfs2 test suite.
In an ocfs2 cluster more than 1 node, run program mmap_truncate, which races
mmap writes and truncates from multiple processes. While the test is
running, a stat from another node forces writeout, causing an oops in
ocfs2_get_block() because it sees a buffer to write which isn't allocated.
This patch fixed the bug by clear dirty and uptodate bits in buffer, leave
the buffer unmapped and return.
Fix is suggested by Mark Fasheh, and I code up the patch.
Signed-off-by: Coly Li <coyli@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
* 'for_linus' of git://git.infradead.org/~dedekind/ubifs-2.6:
UBIFS: include to compilation
UBIFS: add new flash file system
UBIFS: add brief documentation
MAINTAINERS: add UBIFS section
do_mounts: allow UBI root device name
VFS: export sync_sb_inodes
VFS: move inode_lock into sync_sb_inodes
* git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/nfs-2.6: (82 commits)
NFSv4: Remove BKL from the nfsv4 state recovery
SUNRPC: Remove the BKL from the callback functions
NFS: Remove BKL from the readdir code
NFS: Remove BKL from the symlink code
NFS: Remove BKL from the sillydelete operations
NFS: Remove the BKL from the rename, rmdir and unlink operations
NFS: Remove BKL from NFS lookup code
NFS: Remove the BKL from nfs_link()
NFS: Remove the BKL from the inode creation operations
NFS: Remove BKL usage from open()
NFS: Remove BKL usage from the write path
NFS: Remove the BKL from the permission checking code
NFS: Remove attribute update related BKL references
NFS: Remove BKL requirement from attribute updates
NFS: Protect inode->i_nlink updates using inode->i_lock
nfs: set correct fl_len in nlmclnt_test()
SUNRPC: Support registering IPv6 interfaces with local rpcbind daemon
SUNRPC: Refactor rpcb_register to make rpcbindv4 support easier
SUNRPC: None of rpcb_create's callers wants a privileged source port
SUNRPC: Introduce a specific rpcb_create for contacting localhost
...
Fix fs/compat_ioctl.c to handle CONFIG_BLOCK=n, CONFIG_SCSI=n to avoid
build errors:
In file included from include/scsi/scsi.h:12,
from fs/compat_ioctl.c:71:
include/scsi/scsi_cmnd.h:27:25: warning: "BLK_MAX_CDB" is not defined
include/scsi/scsi_cmnd.h:28:3: error: #error MAX_COMMAND_SIZE can not be bigger than BLK_MAX_CDB
In file included from include/scsi/scsi.h:12,
from fs/compat_ioctl.c:71:
include/scsi/scsi_cmnd.h: In function 'scsi_bidi_cmnd':
include/scsi/scsi_cmnd.h:182: error: implicit declaration of function 'blk_bidi_rq'
include/scsi/scsi_cmnd.h:183: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type
include/scsi/scsi_cmnd.h: In function 'scsi_in':
include/scsi/scsi_cmnd.h:189: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Push it into those callback functions that actually need it.
Note that all the NFS operations use their own locking, so don't need the
BKL. Ditto for the rpcbind client.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Page accesses are serialised using the page locks, whereas all attribute
updates are serialised using the inode->i_lock.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Page cache accesses are serialised using page locks, whereas attribute
updates are serialised using inode->i_lock.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Attribute updates are safe, and dentry operations are protected using VFS
level locks. Defer removing the BKL from sillyrename until a separate
patch.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
All dentry-related operations are already BKL-safe, since they are
protected by the VFS locking. No extra locks should be needed in the NFS
code.
In the case of nfs_revalidate_inode(), we're only doing an attribute
update (protected by the inode->i_lock).
In the case of nfs_lookup(), we're instantiating a new dentry, so there
should be no contention possible until after we call d_materialise_unique.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
nfs_instantiate() does not require the BKL, neither do the attribute
updates or the RPC code.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
All the NFSv4 stateful operations are already protected by other locks (in
particular by the rpc_sequence locks.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
The main problem is dealing with inode->i_size: we need to set the
inode->i_lock on all attribute updates, and so vmtruncate won't cut it.
Make an NFS-private version of vmtruncate that has the necessary locking
semantics.
The result should be that the following inode attribute updates are
protected by inode->i_lock
nfsi->cache_validity
nfsi->read_cache_jiffies
nfsi->attrtimeo
nfsi->attrtimeo_timestamp
nfsi->change_attr
nfsi->last_updated
nfsi->cache_change_attribute
nfsi->access_cache
nfsi->access_cache_entry_lru
nfsi->access_cache_inode_lru
nfsi->acl_access
nfsi->acl_default
nfsi->nfs_page_tree
nfsi->ncommit
nfsi->npages
nfsi->open_files
nfsi->silly_list
nfsi->acl
nfsi->open_states
inode->i_size
inode->i_atime
inode->i_mtime
inode->i_ctime
inode->i_nlink
inode->i_uid
inode->i_gid
The following is protected by dir->i_mutex
nfsi->cookieverf
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
fcntl(F_GETLK) on an nfs client incorrectly returns
the values for the conflicting lock. fl_len value is
always 1.
If the conflicting lock is (0, 4095) the F_GETLK
request for (1024, 10) returns (0, 1), which doesn't
even cover the requested range, and is quite confusing.
The fix is trivial, set fl_end from the fl_end value
recieved from the nfs server.
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: "J. Bruce Fields" <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Pass a more generic socket address type to nlmsvc_unlock_all_by_ip() to
allow for future support of IPv6. Also provide additional sanity
checking in failover_unlock_ip() when constructing the server's IP
address.
As an added bonus, provide clean kerneldoc comments on related NLM
interfaces which were recently added.
Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>