This code (CONFIG_LOCKDEP_CROSSRELEASE=y and CONFIG_LOCKDEP_COMPLETIONS=y),
while it found a number of old bugs initially, was also causing too many
false positives that caused people to disable lockdep - which is arguably
a worse overall outcome.
If we disable cross-release by default but keep the code upstream then
in practice the most likely outcome is that we'll allow the situation
to degrade gradually, by allowing entropy to introduce more and more
false positives, until it overwhelms maintenance capacity.
Another bad side effect was that people were trying to work around
the false positives by uglifying/complicating unrelated code. There's
a marked difference between annotating locking operations and
uglifying good code just due to bad lock debugging code ...
This gradual decrease in quality happened to a number of debugging
facilities in the kernel, and lockdep is pretty complex already,
so we cannot risk this outcome.
Either cross-release checking can be done right with no false positives,
or it should not be included in the upstream kernel.
( Note that it might make sense to maintain it out of tree and go through
the false positives every now and then and see whether new bugs were
introduced. )
Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
When CONFIG_GENERIC_LOCKBEAK=y, locking structures grow an extra int ->break_lock
field which is used to implement raw_spin_is_contended() by setting the field
to 1 when waiting on a lock and clearing it to zero when holding a lock.
However, there are a few problems with this approach:
- There is a write-write race between a CPU successfully taking the lock
(and subsequently writing break_lock = 0) and a waiter waiting on
the lock (and subsequently writing break_lock = 1). This could result
in a contended lock being reported as uncontended and vice-versa.
- On machines with store buffers, nothing guarantees that the writes
to break_lock are visible to other CPUs at any particular time.
- READ_ONCE/WRITE_ONCE are not used, so the field is potentially
susceptible to harmful compiler optimisations,
Consequently, the usefulness of this field is unclear and we'd be better off
removing it and allowing architectures to implement raw_spin_is_contended() by
providing a definition of arch_spin_is_contended(), as they can when
CONFIG_GENERIC_LOCKBREAK=n.
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Sebastian Ott <sebott@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1511894539-7988-3-git-send-email-will.deacon@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Commit:
a8a217c221 ("locking/core: Remove {read,spin,write}_can_lock()")
removed the definition of raw_spin_can_lock(), causing the GENERIC_LOCKBREAK
spin_lock() routines to poll the ->break_lock field when waiting on a lock.
This has been reported to cause a deadlock during boot on s390, because
the ->break_lock field is also set by the waiters, and can potentially
remain set indefinitely if no other CPUs come in to take the lock after
it has been released.
This patch removes the explicit spinning on ->break_lock from the waiters,
instead relying on the outer trylock() operation to determine when the
lock is available.
Reported-by: Sebastian Ott <sebott@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Sebastian Ott <sebott@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Fixes: a8a217c221 ("locking/core: Remove {read,spin,write}_can_lock()")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1511894539-7988-2-git-send-email-will.deacon@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Patch series "kmemcheck: kill kmemcheck", v2.
As discussed at LSF/MM, kill kmemcheck.
KASan is a replacement that is able to work without the limitation of
kmemcheck (single CPU, slow). KASan is already upstream.
We are also not aware of any users of kmemcheck (or users who don't
consider KASan as a suitable replacement).
The only objection was that since KASAN wasn't supported by all GCC
versions provided by distros at that time we should hold off for 2
years, and try again.
Now that 2 years have passed, and all distros provide gcc that supports
KASAN, kill kmemcheck again for the very same reasons.
This patch (of 4):
Remove kmemcheck annotations, and calls to kmemcheck from the kernel.
[alexander.levin@verizon.com: correctly remove kmemcheck call from dma_map_sg_attrs]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171012192151.26531-1-alexander.levin@verizon.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171007030159.22241-2-alexander.levin@verizon.com
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@verizon.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Tim Hansen <devtimhansen@gmail.com>
Cc: Vegard Nossum <vegardno@ifi.uio.no>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently, all the lock waiters entering the slowpath will do one
lock stealing attempt to acquire the lock. That helps performance,
especially in VMs with over-committed vCPUs. However, the current
pvqspinlocks still don't perform as good as unfair locks in many cases.
On the other hands, unfair locks do have the problem of lock starvation
that pvqspinlocks don't have.
This patch combines the best attributes of an unfair lock and a
pvqspinlock into a hybrid lock with 2 modes - queued mode & unfair
mode. A lock waiter goes into the unfair mode when there are waiters
in the wait queue but the pending bit isn't set. Otherwise, it will
go into the queued mode waiting in the queue for its turn.
On a 2-socket 36-core E5-2699 v3 system (HT off), a kernel build
(make -j<n>) was done in a VM with unpinned vCPUs 3 times with the
best time selected and <n> is the number of vCPUs available. The build
times of the original pvqspinlock, hybrid pvqspinlock and unfair lock
with various number of vCPUs are as follows:
vCPUs pvqlock hybrid pvqlock unfair lock
----- ------- -------------- -----------
30 342.1s 329.1s 329.1s
36 314.1s 305.3s 307.3s
45 345.0s 302.1s 306.6s
54 365.4s 308.6s 307.8s
72 358.9s 293.6s 303.9s
108 343.0s 285.9s 304.2s
The hybrid pvqspinlock performs better or comparable to the unfair
lock.
By turning on QUEUED_LOCK_STAT, the table below showed the number
of lock acquisitions in unfair mode and queue mode after a kernel
build with various number of vCPUs.
vCPUs queued mode unfair mode
----- ----------- -----------
30 9,130,518 294,954
36 10,856,614 386,809
45 8,467,264 11,475,373
54 6,409,987 19,670,855
72 4,782,063 25,712,180
It can be seen that as the VM became more and more over-committed,
the ratio of locks acquired in unfair mode increases. This is all
done automatically to get the best overall performance as possible.
Using a kernel locking microbenchmark with number of locking
threads equals to the number of vCPUs available on the same machine,
the minimum, average and maximum (min/avg/max) numbers of locking
operations done per thread in a 5-second testing interval are shown
below:
vCPUs hybrid pvqlock unfair lock
----- -------------- -----------
36 822,135/881,063/950,363 75,570/313,496/ 690,465
54 542,435/581,664/625,937 35,460/204,280/ 457,172
72 397,500/428,177/499,299 17,933/150,679/ 708,001
108 257,898/288,150/340,871 3,085/181,176/1,257,109
It can be seen that the hybrid pvqspinlocks are more fair and
performant than the unfair locks in this test.
The table below shows the kernel build times on a smaller 2-socket
16-core 32-thread E5-2620 v4 system.
vCPUs pvqlock hybrid pvqlock unfair lock
----- ------- -------------- -----------
16 436.8s 433.4s 435.6s
36 366.2s 364.8s 364.5s
48 423.6s 376.3s 370.2s
64 433.1s 376.6s 376.8s
Again, the performance of the hybrid pvqspinlock was comparable to
that of the unfair lock.
Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Eduardo Valentin <eduval@amazon.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1510089486-3466-1-git-send-email-longman@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Johan Hovold reported a heavy performance regression caused by lockdep
cross-release:
> Boot time (from "Linux version" to login prompt) had in fact doubled
> since 4.13 where it took 17 seconds (with my current config) compared to
> the 35 seconds I now see with 4.14-rc4.
>
> I quick bisect pointed to lockdep and specifically the following commit:
>
> 28a903f63e ("locking/lockdep: Handle non(or multi)-acquisition
> of a crosslock")
>
> which I've verified is the commit which doubled the boot time (compared
> to 28a903f63ec0^) (added by lockdep crossrelease series [1]).
Currently cross-release performs unwind on every acquisition, but that
is very expensive.
This patch makes unwind optional and disables it by default and only
records acquire_ip.
Full stack traces are sometimes required for full analysis, in which
case a boot paramter, crossrelease_fullstack, can be specified.
On my qemu Ubuntu machine (x86_64, 4 cores, 512M), the regression was
fixed. We measure boot times with 'perf stat --null --repeat 10 $QEMU',
where $QEMU launches a kernel with init=/bin/true:
1. No lockdep enabled:
Performance counter stats for 'qemu_booting_time.sh bzImage' (10 runs):
2.756558155 seconds time elapsed ( +- 0.09% )
2. Lockdep enabled:
Performance counter stats for 'qemu_booting_time.sh bzImage' (10 runs):
2.968710420 seconds time elapsed ( +- 0.12% )
3. Lockdep enabled + cross-release enabled:
Performance counter stats for 'qemu_booting_time.sh bzImage' (10 runs):
3.153839636 seconds time elapsed ( +- 0.31% )
4. Lockdep enabled + cross-release enabled + this patch applied:
Performance counter stats for 'qemu_booting_time.sh bzImage' (10 runs):
2.963669551 seconds time elapsed ( +- 0.11% )
I.e. lockdep cross-release performance is now indistinguishable from
vanilla lockdep.
Bisected-by: Johan Hovold <johan@kernel.org>
Analyzed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Suggested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reported-by: Johan Hovold <johan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: amir73il@gmail.com
Cc: axboe@kernel.dk
Cc: darrick.wong@oracle.com
Cc: david@fromorbit.com
Cc: hch@infradead.org
Cc: idryomov@gmail.com
Cc: johannes.berg@intel.com
Cc: kernel-team@lge.com
Cc: linux-block@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: linux-xfs@vger.kernel.org
Cc: oleg@redhat.com
Cc: tj@kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1508921765-15396-5-git-send-email-byungchul.park@lge.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
When a prospective writer takes the qrwlock locking slowpath due to the
lock being held, it attempts to cmpxchg the wmode field from 0 to
_QW_WAITING so that concurrent lockers also take the slowpath and queue
on the spinlock accordingly, allowing the lockers to drain.
Unfortunately, this isn't fair, because a fastpath writer that comes in
after the lock is made available but before the _QW_WAITING flag is set
can effectively jump the queue. If there is a steady stream of prospective
writers, then the waiter will be held off indefinitely.
This patch restores fairness by separating _QW_WAITING and _QW_LOCKED
into two distinct fields: _QW_LOCKED continues to occupy the bottom byte
of the lockword so that it can be cleared unconditionally when unlocking,
but _QW_WAITING now occupies what used to be the bottom bit of the reader
count. This then forces the slow-path for concurrent lockers.
Tested-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Jeremy Linton <jeremy.linton@arm.com>
Tested-by: Adam Wallis <awallis@codeaurora.org>
Tested-by: Jan Glauber <jglauber@cavium.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Cc: Jeremy.Linton@arm.com
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507810851-306-6-git-send-email-will.deacon@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The qrwlock slowpaths involve spinning when either a prospective reader
is waiting for a concurrent writer to drain, or a prospective writer is
waiting for concurrent readers to drain. In both of these situations,
atomic_cond_read_acquire() can be used to avoid busy-waiting and make use
of any backoff functionality provided by the architecture.
This patch replaces the open-code loops and rspin_until_writer_unlock()
implementation with atomic_cond_read_acquire(). The write mode transition
zero to _QW_WAITING is left alone, since (a) this doesn't need acquire
semantics and (b) should be fast.
Tested-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Jeremy Linton <jeremy.linton@arm.com>
Tested-by: Adam Wallis <awallis@codeaurora.org>
Tested-by: Jan Glauber <jglauber@cavium.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Cc: Jeremy.Linton@arm.com
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507810851-306-4-git-send-email-will.deacon@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
There's no good reason to keep the internal structure of struct qrwlock
hidden from qrwlock.h, particularly as it's actually needed for unlock
and ends up being abstracted independently behind the __qrwlock_write_byte()
function.
Stop pretending we can hide this stuff, and move the __qrwlock definition
into qrwlock, removing the __qrwlock_write_byte() nastiness and using the
same struct definition everywhere instead.
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Cc: Jeremy.Linton@arm.com
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507810851-306-2-git-send-email-will.deacon@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Outside of the locking code itself, {read,spin,write}_can_lock() have no
users in tree. Apparmor (the last remaining user of write_can_lock()) got
moved over to lockdep by the previous patch.
This patch removes the use of {read,spin,write}_can_lock() from the
BUILD_LOCK_OPS macro, deferring to the trylock operation for testing the
lock status, and subsequently removes the unused macros altogether. They
aren't guaranteed to work in a concurrent environment and can give
incorrect results in the case of qrwlock.
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507055129-12300-2-git-send-email-will.deacon@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
There is some complication between check_prevs_add() and
check_prev_add() wrt. saving stack traces. The problem is that we want
to be frugal with saving stack traces, since it consumes static
resources.
We'll only know in check_prev_add() if we need the trace, but we can
call into it multiple times. So we want to do on-demand and re-use.
A further complication is that check_prev_add() can drop graph_lock
and mess with our static resources.
In any case, the current state; after commit:
ce07a9415f ("locking/lockdep: Make check_prev_add() able to handle external stack_trace")
is that we'll assume the trace contains valid data once
check_prev_add() returns '2'. However, as noted by Josh, this is
false, check_prev_add() can return '2' before having saved a trace,
this then result in the possibility of using uninitialized data.
Testing, as reported by Wu, shows a NULL deref.
So simplify.
Since the graph_lock() thing is a debug path that hasn't
really been used in a long while, take it out back and avoid the
head-ache.
Further initialize the stack_trace to a known 'empty' state; as long
as nr_entries == 0, nothing should deref entries. We can then use the
'entries == NULL' test for a valid trace / on-demand saving.
Analyzed-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Fixes: ce07a9415f ("locking/lockdep: Make check_prev_add() able to handle external stack_trace")
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
If a spinner is present, there is a chance that the load of
rwsem_has_spinner() in rwsem_wake() can be reordered with
respect to decrement of rwsem count in __up_write() leading
to wakeup being missed:
spinning writer up_write caller
--------------- -----------------------
[S] osq_unlock() [L] osq
spin_lock(wait_lock)
sem->count=0xFFFFFFFF00000001
+0xFFFFFFFF00000000
count=sem->count
MB
sem->count=0xFFFFFFFE00000001
-0xFFFFFFFF00000001
spin_trylock(wait_lock)
return
rwsem_try_write_lock(count)
spin_unlock(wait_lock)
schedule()
Reordering of atomic_long_sub_return_release() in __up_write()
and rwsem_has_spinner() in rwsem_wake() can cause missing of
wakeup in up_write() context. In spinning writer, sem->count
and local variable count is 0XFFFFFFFE00000001. It would result
in rwsem_try_write_lock() failing to acquire rwsem and spinning
writer going to sleep in rwsem_down_write_failed().
The smp_rmb() will make sure that the spinner state is
consulted after sem->count is updated in up_write context.
Signed-off-by: Prateek Sood <prsood@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: dave@stgolabs.net
Cc: longman@redhat.com
Cc: parri.andrea@gmail.com
Cc: sramana@codeaurora.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1504794658-15397-1-git-send-email-prsood@codeaurora.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
GFP_TEMPORARY was introduced by commit e12ba74d8f ("Group short-lived
and reclaimable kernel allocations") along with __GFP_RECLAIMABLE. It's
primary motivation was to allow users to tell that an allocation is
short lived and so the allocator can try to place such allocations close
together and prevent long term fragmentation. As much as this sounds
like a reasonable semantic it becomes much less clear when to use the
highlevel GFP_TEMPORARY allocation flag. How long is temporary? Can the
context holding that memory sleep? Can it take locks? It seems there is
no good answer for those questions.
The current implementation of GFP_TEMPORARY is basically GFP_KERNEL |
__GFP_RECLAIMABLE which in itself is tricky because basically none of
the existing caller provide a way to reclaim the allocated memory. So
this is rather misleading and hard to evaluate for any benefits.
I have checked some random users and none of them has added the flag
with a specific justification. I suspect most of them just copied from
other existing users and others just thought it might be a good idea to
use without any measuring. This suggests that GFP_TEMPORARY just
motivates for cargo cult usage without any reasoning.
I believe that our gfp flags are quite complex already and especially
those with highlevel semantic should be clearly defined to prevent from
confusion and abuse. Therefore I propose dropping GFP_TEMPORARY and
replace all existing users to simply use GFP_KERNEL. Please note that
SLAB users with shrinkers will still get __GFP_RECLAIMABLE heuristic and
so they will be placed properly for memory fragmentation prevention.
I can see reasons we might want some gfp flag to reflect shorterm
allocations but I propose starting from a clear semantic definition and
only then add users with proper justification.
This was been brought up before LSF this year by Matthew [1] and it
turned out that GFP_TEMPORARY really doesn't have a clear semantic. It
seems to be a heuristic without any measured advantage for most (if not
all) its current users. The follow up discussion has revealed that
opinions on what might be temporary allocation differ a lot between
developers. So rather than trying to tweak existing users into a
semantic which they haven't expected I propose to simply remove the flag
and start from scratch if we really need a semantic for short term
allocations.
[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170118054945.GD18349@bombadil.infradead.org
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix typo]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: drm/i915: fix up]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170816144703.378d4f4d@canb.auug.org.au
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170728091904.14627-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull locking updates from Ingo Molnar:
- Add 'cross-release' support to lockdep, which allows APIs like
completions, where it's not the 'owner' who releases the lock, to be
tracked. It's all activated automatically under
CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING=y.
- Clean up (restructure) the x86 atomics op implementation to be more
readable, in preparation of KASAN annotations. (Dmitry Vyukov)
- Fix static keys (Paolo Bonzini)
- Add killable versions of down_read() et al (Kirill Tkhai)
- Rework and fix jump_label locking (Marc Zyngier, Paolo Bonzini)
- Rework (and fix) tlb_flush_pending() barriers (Peter Zijlstra)
- Remove smp_mb__before_spinlock() and convert its usages, introduce
smp_mb__after_spinlock() (Peter Zijlstra)
* 'locking-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (56 commits)
locking/lockdep/selftests: Fix mixed read-write ABBA tests
sched/completion: Avoid unnecessary stack allocation for COMPLETION_INITIALIZER_ONSTACK()
acpi/nfit: Fix COMPLETION_INITIALIZER_ONSTACK() abuse
locking/pvqspinlock: Relax cmpxchg's to improve performance on some architectures
smp: Avoid using two cache lines for struct call_single_data
locking/lockdep: Untangle xhlock history save/restore from task independence
locking/refcounts, x86/asm: Disable CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_REFCOUNT for the time being
futex: Remove duplicated code and fix undefined behaviour
Documentation/locking/atomic: Finish the document...
locking/lockdep: Fix workqueue crossrelease annotation
workqueue/lockdep: 'Fix' flush_work() annotation
locking/lockdep/selftests: Add mixed read-write ABBA tests
mm, locking/barriers: Clarify tlb_flush_pending() barriers
locking/lockdep: Make CONFIG_LOCKDEP_CROSSRELEASE and CONFIG_LOCKDEP_COMPLETIONS truly non-interactive
locking/lockdep: Explicitly initialize wq_barrier::done::map
locking/lockdep: Rename CONFIG_LOCKDEP_COMPLETE to CONFIG_LOCKDEP_COMPLETIONS
locking/lockdep: Reword title of LOCKDEP_CROSSRELEASE config
locking/lockdep: Make CONFIG_LOCKDEP_CROSSRELEASE part of CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING
locking/refcounts, x86/asm: Implement fast refcount overflow protection
locking/lockdep: Fix the rollback and overwrite detection logic in crossrelease
...
All the locking related cmpxchg's in the following functions are
replaced with the _acquire variants:
- pv_queued_spin_steal_lock()
- trylock_clear_pending()
This change should help performance on architectures that use LL/SC.
The cmpxchg in pv_kick_node() is replaced with a relaxed version
with explicit memory barrier to make sure that it is fully ordered
in the writing of next->lock and the reading of pn->state whether
the cmpxchg is a success or failure without affecting performance in
non-LL/SC architectures.
On a 2-socket 12-core 96-thread Power8 system with pvqspinlock
explicitly enabled, the performance of a locking microbenchmark
with and without this patch on a 4.13-rc4 kernel with Xinhui's PPC
qspinlock patch were as follows:
# of thread w/o patch with patch % Change
----------- --------- ---------- --------
8 5054.8 Mop/s 5209.4 Mop/s +3.1%
16 3985.0 Mop/s 4015.0 Mop/s +0.8%
32 2378.2 Mop/s 2396.0 Mop/s +0.7%
Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrea Parri <parri.andrea@gmail.com>
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Pan Xinhui <xinhui@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1502741222-24360-1-git-send-email-longman@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Where XHLOCK_{SOFT,HARD} are save/restore points in the xhlocks[] to
ensure the temporal IRQ events don't interact with task state, the
XHLOCK_PROC is a fundament different beast that just happens to share
the interface.
The purpose of XHLOCK_PROC is to annotate independent execution inside
one task. For example workqueues, each work should appear to run in its
own 'pristine' 'task'.
Remove XHLOCK_PROC in favour of its own interface to avoid confusion.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: boqun.feng@gmail.com
Cc: david@fromorbit.com
Cc: johannes@sipsolutions.net
Cc: kernel-team@lge.com
Cc: oleg@redhat.com
Cc: tj@kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170829085939.ggmb6xiohw67micb@hirez.programming.kicks-ass.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The new completion/crossrelease annotations interact unfavourable with
the extant flush_work()/flush_workqueue() annotations.
The problem is that when a single work class does:
wait_for_completion(&C)
and
complete(&C)
in different executions, we'll build dependencies like:
lock_map_acquire(W)
complete_acquire(C)
and
lock_map_acquire(W)
complete_release(C)
which results in the dependency chain: W->C->W, which lockdep thinks
spells deadlock, even though there is no deadlock potential since
works are ran concurrently.
One possibility would be to change the work 'lock' to recursive-read,
but that would mean hitting a lockdep limitation on recursive locks.
Also, unconditinoally switching to recursive-read here would fail to
detect the actual deadlock on single-threaded workqueues, which do
have a problem with this.
For now, forcefully disregard these locks for crossrelease.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: boqun.feng@gmail.com
Cc: byungchul.park@lge.com
Cc: david@fromorbit.com
Cc: johannes@sipsolutions.net
Cc: oleg@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
There is no agreed-upon definition of spin_unlock_wait()'s semantics,
and it appears that all callers could do just as well with a lock/unlock
pair. This commit therefore removes spin_unlock_wait() and related
definitions from core code.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Cc: Andrea Parri <parri.andrea@gmail.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
As Boqun Feng pointed out, current->hist_id should be aligned with the
latest valid xhlock->hist_id so that hist_id_save[] storing current->hist_id
can be comparable with xhlock->hist_id. Fix it.
Additionally, the condition for overwrite-detection should be the
opposite. Fix the code and the comments as well.
<- direction to visit
hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh (h: history)
^^ ^
|| start from here
|previous entry
current entry
Reported-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: kernel-team@lge.com
Cc: kirill@shutemov.name
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: npiggin@gmail.com
Cc: walken@google.com
Cc: willy@infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1502694052-16085-3-git-send-email-byungchul.park@lge.com
[ Improve the comments some more. ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
No acquisition might be in progress on commit of a crosslock. Completion
operations enabling crossrelease are the case like:
CONTEXT X CONTEXT Y
--------- ---------
trigger completion context
complete AX
commit AX
wait_for_complete AX
acquire AX
wait
where AX is a crosslock.
When no acquisition is in progress, we should not perform commit because
the lock does not exist, which might cause incorrect memory access. So
we have to track the number of acquisitions of a crosslock to handle it.
Moreover, in case that more than one acquisition of a crosslock are
overlapped like:
CONTEXT W CONTEXT X CONTEXT Y CONTEXT Z
--------- --------- --------- ---------
acquire AX (gen_id: 1)
acquire A
acquire AX (gen_id: 10)
acquire B
commit AX
acquire C
commit AX
where A, B and C are typical locks and AX is a crosslock.
Current crossrelease code performs commits in Y and Z with gen_id = 10.
However, we can use gen_id = 1 to do it, since not only 'acquire AX in X'
but 'acquire AX in W' also depends on each acquisition in Y and Z until
their commits. So make it use gen_id = 1 instead of 10 on their commits,
which adds an additional dependency 'AX -> A' in the example above.
Signed-off-by: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: boqun.feng@gmail.com
Cc: kernel-team@lge.com
Cc: kirill@shutemov.name
Cc: npiggin@gmail.com
Cc: walken@google.com
Cc: willy@infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1502089981-21272-8-git-send-email-byungchul.park@lge.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The ring buffer can be overwritten by hardirq/softirq/work contexts.
That cases must be considered on rollback or commit. For example,
|<------ hist_lock ring buffer size ----->|
ppppppppppppiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
wrapped > iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii....................
where 'p' represents an acquisition in process context,
'i' represents an acquisition in irq context.
On irq exit, crossrelease tries to rollback idx to original position,
but it should not because the entry already has been invalid by
overwriting 'i'. Avoid rollback or commit for entries overwritten.
Signed-off-by: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: boqun.feng@gmail.com
Cc: kernel-team@lge.com
Cc: kirill@shutemov.name
Cc: npiggin@gmail.com
Cc: walken@google.com
Cc: willy@infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1502089981-21272-7-git-send-email-byungchul.park@lge.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Lockdep is a runtime locking correctness validator that detects and
reports a deadlock or its possibility by checking dependencies between
locks. It's useful since it does not report just an actual deadlock but
also the possibility of a deadlock that has not actually happened yet.
That enables problems to be fixed before they affect real systems.
However, this facility is only applicable to typical locks, such as
spinlocks and mutexes, which are normally released within the context in
which they were acquired. However, synchronization primitives like page
locks or completions, which are allowed to be released in any context,
also create dependencies and can cause a deadlock.
So lockdep should track these locks to do a better job. The 'crossrelease'
implementation makes these primitives also be tracked.
Signed-off-by: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: boqun.feng@gmail.com
Cc: kernel-team@lge.com
Cc: kirill@shutemov.name
Cc: npiggin@gmail.com
Cc: walken@google.com
Cc: willy@infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1502089981-21272-6-git-send-email-byungchul.park@lge.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Currently, a space for stack_trace is pinned in check_prev_add(), that
makes us not able to use external stack_trace. The simplest way to
achieve it is to pass an external stack_trace as an argument.
A more suitable solution is to pass a callback additionally along with
a stack_trace so that callers can decide the way to save or whether to
save. Actually crossrelease needs to do other than saving a stack_trace.
So pass a stack_trace and callback to handle it, to check_prev_add().
Signed-off-by: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: boqun.feng@gmail.com
Cc: kernel-team@lge.com
Cc: kirill@shutemov.name
Cc: npiggin@gmail.com
Cc: walken@google.com
Cc: willy@infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1502089981-21272-5-git-send-email-byungchul.park@lge.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Firstly, return 1 instead of 2 when 'prev -> next' dependency already
exists. Since the value 2 is not referenced anywhere, just return 1
indicating success in this case.
Secondly, return 2 instead of 1 when successfully added a lock_list
entry with saving stack_trace. With that, a caller can decide whether
to avoid redundant save_trace() on the caller site.
Signed-off-by: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: boqun.feng@gmail.com
Cc: kernel-team@lge.com
Cc: kirill@shutemov.name
Cc: npiggin@gmail.com
Cc: walken@google.com
Cc: willy@infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1502089981-21272-4-git-send-email-byungchul.park@lge.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Two boots + a make defconfig, the first didn't have the redundant bit
in, the second did:
lock-classes: 1168 1169 [max: 8191]
direct dependencies: 7688 5812 [max: 32768]
indirect dependencies: 25492 25937
all direct dependencies: 220113 217512
dependency chains: 9005 9008 [max: 65536]
dependency chain hlocks: 34450 34366 [max: 327680]
in-hardirq chains: 55 51
in-softirq chains: 371 378
in-process chains: 8579 8579
stack-trace entries: 108073 88474 [max: 524288]
combined max dependencies: 178738560 169094640
max locking depth: 15 15
max bfs queue depth: 320 329
cyclic checks: 9123 9190
redundant checks: 5046
redundant links: 1828
find-mask forwards checks: 2564 2599
find-mask backwards checks: 39521 39789
So it saves nearly 2k links and a fair chunk of stack-trace entries, but
as expected, makes no real difference on the indirect dependencies.
At the same time, you see the max BFS depth increase, which is also
expected, although it could easily be boot variance -- these numbers are
not entirely stable between boots.
The down side is that the cycles in the graph become larger and thus
the reports harder to read.
XXX: do we want this as a CONFIG variable, implied by LOCKDEP_SMALL?
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: boqun.feng@gmail.com
Cc: iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com
Cc: kernel-team@lge.com
Cc: kirill@shutemov.name
Cc: npiggin@gmail.com
Cc: walken@google.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170303091338.GH6536@twins.programming.kicks-ass.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
A while ago someone, and I cannot find the email just now, asked if we
could not implement the RECLAIM_FS inversion stuff with a 'fake' lock
like we use for other things like workqueues etc. I think this should
be possible which allows reducing the 'irq' states and will reduce the
amount of __bfs() lookups we do.
Removing the 1 IRQ state results in 4 less __bfs() walks per
dependency, improving lockdep performance. And by moving this
annotation out of the lockdep code it becomes easier for the mm people
to extend.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: boqun.feng@gmail.com
Cc: iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com
Cc: kernel-team@lge.com
Cc: kirill@shutemov.name
Cc: npiggin@gmail.com
Cc: walken@google.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Rename __down_read() in __down_read_common() and teach it
to abort waiting in case of pending signals and killable
state argument passed.
Note, that we shouldn't wake anybody up in EINTR path, as:
We check for signal_pending_state() after (!waiter.task)
test and under spinlock. So, current task wasn't able to
be woken up. It may be in two cases: a writer is owner
of the sem, or a writer is a first waiter of the sem.
If a writer is owner of the sem, no one else may work
with it in parallel. It will wake somebody, when it
call up_write() or downgrade_write().
If a writer is the first waiter, it will be woken up,
when the last active reader releases the sem, and
sem->count became 0.
Also note, that set_current_state() may be moved down
to schedule() (after !waiter.task check), as all
assignments in this type of semaphore (including wake_up),
occur under spinlock, so we can't miss anything.
Signed-off-by: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: arnd@arndb.de
Cc: avagin@virtuozzo.com
Cc: davem@davemloft.net
Cc: fenghua.yu@intel.com
Cc: gorcunov@virtuozzo.com
Cc: heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com
Cc: hpa@zytor.com
Cc: ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru
Cc: mattst88@gmail.com
Cc: rth@twiddle.net
Cc: schwidefsky@de.ibm.com
Cc: tony.luck@intel.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/149789533283.9059.9829416940494747182.stgit@localhost.localdomain
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Fix ordering of link creation between node->prev and prev->next in
osq_lock(). A case in which the status of optimistic spin queue is
CPU6->CPU2 in which CPU6 has acquired the lock.
tail
v
,-. <- ,-.
|6| |2|
`-' -> `-'
At this point if CPU0 comes in to acquire osq_lock, it will update the
tail count.
CPU2 CPU0
----------------------------------
tail
v
,-. <- ,-. ,-.
|6| |2| |0|
`-' -> `-' `-'
After tail count update if CPU2 starts to unqueue itself from
optimistic spin queue, it will find an updated tail count with CPU0 and
update CPU2 node->next to NULL in osq_wait_next().
unqueue-A
tail
v
,-. <- ,-. ,-.
|6| |2| |0|
`-' `-' `-'
unqueue-B
->tail != curr && !node->next
If reordering of following stores happen then prev->next where prev
being CPU2 would be updated to point to CPU0 node:
tail
v
,-. <- ,-. ,-.
|6| |2| |0|
`-' `-' -> `-'
osq_wait_next()
node->next <- 0
xchg(node->next, NULL)
tail
v
,-. <- ,-. ,-.
|6| |2| |0|
`-' `-' `-'
unqueue-C
At this point if next instruction
WRITE_ONCE(next->prev, prev);
in CPU2 path is committed before the update of CPU0 node->prev = prev then
CPU0 node->prev will point to CPU6 node.
tail
v----------. v
,-. <- ,-. ,-.
|6| |2| |0|
`-' `-' `-'
`----------^
At this point if CPU0 path's node->prev = prev is committed resulting
in change of CPU0 prev back to CPU2 node. CPU2 node->next is NULL
currently,
tail
v
,-. <- ,-. <- ,-.
|6| |2| |0|
`-' `-' `-'
`----------^
so if CPU0 gets into unqueue path of osq_lock it will keep spinning
in infinite loop as condition prev->next == node will never be true.
Signed-off-by: Prateek Sood <prsood@codeaurora.org>
[ Added pictures, rewrote comments. ]
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: sramana@codeaurora.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1500040076-27626-1-git-send-email-prsood@codeaurora.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
This makes it possible to preserve basic futex support and compile out the
PI support when RT mutexes are not available.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Darren Hart <dvhart@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.LFD.2.20.1708010024190.5981@knanqh.ubzr
Pull locking fixlet from Ingo Molnar:
"Remove an unnecessary priority adjustment in the rtmutex code"
* 'locking-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
locking/rtmutex: Remove unnecessary priority adjustment
We don't need to adjust priority before adding a new pi_waiter, the
priority only needs to be updated after pi_waiter change or task
priority change.
Steven Rostedt pointed out:
"Interesting, I did some git mining and this was added with the original
entry of the rtmutex.c (23f78d4a03). Looking at even that version, I
don't see the purpose of adjusting the task prio here. It is done
before anything changes in the task."
Signed-off-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@arm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mathieu Poirier <mathieu.poirier@linaro.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1499926704-28841-1-git-send-email-alex.shi@linaro.org
[ Enhance the changelog. ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Pull locking fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
- Fix the EINTR logic in rwsem-spinlock to avoid double locking by a
writer and a reader
- Add a missing include to qspinlocks
* 'locking-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
locking/qspinlock: Explicitly include asm/prefetch.h
locking/rwsem-spinlock: Fix EINTR branch in __down_write_common()
Pull sparc updates from David Miller:
1) Queued spinlocks and rwlocks for sparc64, from Babu Moger.
2) Some const'ification from Arvind Yadav.
3) LDC/VIO driver infrastructure changes to facilitate future upcoming
drivers, from Jag Raman.
4) Initialize sched_clock() et al. early so that the initial printk
timestamps are all done while the implementation is available and
functioning. From Pavel Tatashin.
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/sparc-next: (38 commits)
sparc: kernel: pmc: make of_device_ids const.
sparc64: fix typo in property
sparc64: add port_id to VIO device metadata
sparc64: Enhance search for VIO device in MDESC
sparc64: enhance VIO device probing
sparc64: check if a client is allowed to register for MDESC notifications
sparc64: remove restriction on VIO device name size
sparc64: refactor code to obtain cfg_handle property from MDESC
sparc64: add MDESC node name property to VIO device metadata
sparc64: mdesc: use __GFP_REPEAT action modifier for VM allocation
sparc64: expand MDESC interface
sparc64: skip handshake for LDC channels in RAW mode
sparc64: specify the device class in VIO version info. packet
sparc64: ensure VIO operations are defined while being used
sparc: kernel: apc: make of_device_ids const
sparc/time: make of_device_ids const
sparc64: broken %tick frequency on spitfire cpus
sparc64: use prom interface to get %stick frequency
sparc64: optimize functions that access tick
sparc64: add hot-patched and inlined get_tick()
...
In architectures that use qspinlock, like x86, prefetch is loaded
indirectly via the asm/qspinlock.h include. On other architectures, like
OpenRISC, which may want to use asm-generic/qspinlock.h the built will
fail without the asm/prefetch.h include.
Fix this by including directly.
Signed-off-by: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170707195658.23840-1-shorne@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
If a writer could been woken up, the above branch
if (sem->count == 0)
break;
would have moved us to taking the sem. So, it's
not the time to wake a writer now, and only readers
are allowed now. Thus, 0 must be passed to __rwsem_do_wake().
Next, __rwsem_do_wake() wakes readers unconditionally.
But we mustn't do that if the sem is owned by writer
in the moment. Otherwise, writer and reader own the sem
the same time, which leads to memory corruption in
callers.
rwsem-xadd.c does not need that, as:
1) the similar check is made lockless there,
2) in __rwsem_mark_wake::try_reader_grant we test,
that sem is not owned by writer.
Signed-off-by: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Niklas Cassel <niklas.cassel@axis.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Fixes: 17fcbd590d "locking/rwsem: Fix down_write_killable() for CONFIG_RWSEM_GENERIC_SPINLOCK=y"
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/149762063282.19811.9129615532201147826.stgit@localhost.localdomain
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
around. Highlights include:
- Conversion of a bunch of security documentation into RST
- The conversion of the remaining DocBook templates by The Amazing
Mauro Machine. We can now drop the entire DocBook build chain.
- The usual collection of fixes and minor updates.
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Merge tag 'docs-4.13' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:
"There has been a fair amount of activity in the docs tree this time
around. Highlights include:
- Conversion of a bunch of security documentation into RST
- The conversion of the remaining DocBook templates by The Amazing
Mauro Machine. We can now drop the entire DocBook build chain.
- The usual collection of fixes and minor updates"
* tag 'docs-4.13' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (90 commits)
scripts/kernel-doc: handle DECLARE_HASHTABLE
Documentation: atomic_ops.txt is core-api/atomic_ops.rst
Docs: clean up some DocBook loose ends
Make the main documentation title less Geocities
Docs: Use kernel-figure in vidioc-g-selection.rst
Docs: fix table problems in ras.rst
Docs: Fix breakage with Sphinx 1.5 and upper
Docs: Include the Latex "ifthen" package
doc/kokr/howto: Only send regression fixes after -rc1
docs-rst: fix broken links to dynamic-debug-howto in kernel-parameters
doc: Document suitability of IBM Verse for kernel development
Doc: fix a markup error in coding-style.rst
docs: driver-api: i2c: remove some outdated information
Documentation: DMA API: fix a typo in a function name
Docs: Insert missing space to separate link from text
doc/ko_KR/memory-barriers: Update control-dependencies example
Documentation, kbuild: fix typo "minimun" -> "minimum"
docs: Fix some formatting issues in request-key.rst
doc: ReSTify keys-trusted-encrypted.txt
doc: ReSTify keys-request-key.txt
...
Pull locking updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes in this cycle were:
- Add CONFIG_REFCOUNT_FULL=y to allow the disabling of the 'full'
(robustness checked) refcount_t implementation with slightly lower
runtime overhead. (Kees Cook)
The lighter weight variant is the default. The two variants use the
same API. Having this variant was a precondition by some
maintainers to merge refcount_t cleanups.
- Add lockdep support for rtmutexes (Peter Zijlstra)
- liblockdep fixes and improvements (Sasha Levin, Ben Hutchings)
- ... misc fixes and improvements"
* 'locking-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (30 commits)
locking/refcount: Remove the half-implemented refcount_sub() API
locking/refcount: Create unchecked atomic_t implementation
locking/rtmutex: Don't initialize lockdep when not required
locking/selftest: Add RT-mutex support
locking/selftest: Remove the bad unlock ordering test
rt_mutex: Add lockdep annotations
MAINTAINERS: Claim atomic*_t maintainership
locking/x86: Remove the unused atomic_inc_short() methd
tools/lib/lockdep: Remove private kernel headers
tools/lib/lockdep: Hide liblockdep output from test results
tools/lib/lockdep: Add dummy current_gfp_context()
tools/include: Add IS_ERR_OR_NULL to err.h
tools/lib/lockdep: Add empty __is_[module,kernel]_percpu_address
tools/lib/lockdep: Include err.h
tools/include: Add (mostly) empty include/linux/sched/mm.h
tools/lib/lockdep: Use LDFLAGS
tools/lib/lockdep: Remove double-quotes from soname
tools/lib/lockdep: Fix object file paths used in an out-of-tree build
tools/lib/lockdep: Fix compilation for 4.11
tools/lib/lockdep: Don't mix fd-based and stream IO
...
Ingo Molnar