Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
When converting from atomic_t to refcount_t we didn't follow the usual
step of initializing it to one before taking any new reference, which
trips over checking if taking a reference for a freed refcount_t, fix
it.
Brendan's report:
---
It's 4.12-rc7, with node v4.4.1. I'm building 4.13-rc1 now, as I hit
what I think is another unrelated perf bug and I'm starting to wonder
what else is broken on that version:
(root) /mnt/src/linux-4.12-rc7/tools/perf # ./perf record -F 99 -a -e
cpu-clock --cgroup=docker/f9e9d5df065b14646e8a11edc837a13877fd90c171137b2ba3feb67a0201cb65
-g
perf: /mnt/src/linux-4.12-rc7/tools/include/linux/refcount.h:108:
refcount_inc: Assertion `!(!refcount_inc_not_zero(r))' failed.
Aborted
that used to work...
---
Testing it:
Before:
# perf stat -e cycles -C 0 --cgroup /
perf: /home/acme/git/linux/tools/include/linux/refcount.h:108: refcount_inc: Assertion `!(!refcount_inc_not_zero(r))' failed.
Aborted (core dumped)
#
After:
# perf stat -e cycles -C 0 --cgroup /
^C
Performance counter stats for 'CPU(s) 0':
132,081,393 cycles /
2.492942763 seconds time elapsed
#
Reported-by: Brendan Gregg <brendan.d.gregg@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@intel.com>
Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: David Carrillo-Cisneros <davidcc@google.com>
Cc: Kees Kook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Krister Johansen <kjlx@templeofstupid.com>
Cc: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Sudeep Holla <Sudeep.Holla@arm.com>
Cc: Thomas-Mich Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Fixes: 79c5fe6db8 ("perf cgroup: Convert cgroup_sel.refcnt from atomic_t to refcount_t")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-l7ovfblq14ip2i08m1g0fkhv@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Both do the same thing, the later is the one we get from
linux/stringify.h, i.e. we now use the same function name/practice as
the kernel sources.
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-w2sxa5o4bfx7fjrd5mu4zmke@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
The refcount_t type and corresponding API should be used instead of
atomic_t when the variable is used as a reference counter.
This allows to avoid accidental refcounter overflows that might lead to
use-after-free situations.
Signed-off-by: Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David Windsor <dwindsor@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Liljestrand <ishkamiel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Kook <keescook@chromium.org>
Tested-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: David Windsor <dwindsor@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Hans Liljestrand <ishkamiel@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Kees Kook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Matija Glavinic Pecotic <matija.glavinic-pecotic.ext@nokia.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1487691303-31858-2-git-send-email-elena.reshetova@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
perf_event is a utility controller whose primary role is identifying
cgroup membership to filter perf events; however, because it also
tracks some per-css state, it can't be replaced by pure cgroup
membership test. Mark the controller as implicitly enabled on the
default hierarchy so that perf events can always be filtered based on
cgroup v2 path as long as the controller is not mounted on a legacy
hierarchy.
"perf record" is updated accordingly so that it searches for both v1
and v2 hierarchies. A v1 hierarchy is used if perf_event is mounted
on it; otherwise, it uses the v2 hierarchy.
v2: Doc updated to reflect more flexible rebinding behavior.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org>
To match the semantics for list.h in the kernel, that are used to
implement those macros.
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Milian Wolff <milian.wolff@kdab.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Taeung Song <treeze.taeung@gmail.com>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-qbcjlgj0ffxquxscahbpddi3@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Move the subcommand-related files from perf to a new library named
libsubcmd.a.
Since we're moving files anyway, go ahead and rename 'exec_cmd.*' to
'exec-cmd.*' to be consistent with the naming of all the other files.
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/c0a838d4c878ab17fee50998811612b2281355c1.1450193761.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Now that we have atomic.h, we should convert all of the existing
refcounts to use it.
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-t3v2uma5digcj2tpkrs3m84u@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
For the common evsel list traversal, so that it becomes more compact.
Use the opportunity to start ditching the 'perf_' from 'perf_evlist__',
as discussed, as the whole conversion touches a lot of places, lets do
it piecemeal when we have the chance due to other work, like in this
case.
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-qnkx7dzm2h6m6uptkfk03ni6@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Several areas already used this technique, so do some audit to
consistently use it elsewhere.
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-9sbere0kkplwe45ak6rk4a1f@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
perf defines both __used and __unused variables to use for marking
unused variables. The variable __used is defined to
__attribute__((__unused__)), which contradicts the kernel definition to
__attribute__((__used__)) for new gcc versions. On Android, __used is
also defined in system headers and this leads to warnings like: warning:
'__used__' attribute ignored
__unused is not defined in the kernel and is not a standard definition.
If __unused is included everywhere instead of __used, this leads to
conflicts with glibc headers, since glibc has a variables with this name
in its headers.
The best approach is to use __maybe_unused, the definition used in the
kernel for __attribute__((unused)). In this way there is only one
definition in perf sources (instead of 2 definitions that point to the
same thing: __used and __unused) and it works on both Linux and Android.
This patch simply replaces all instances of __used and __unused with
__maybe_unused.
Signed-off-by: Irina Tirdea <irina.tirdea@intel.com>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1347315303-29906-7-git-send-email-irina.tirdea@intel.com
[ committer note: fixed up conflict with a116e05 in builtin-sched.c ]
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
No need for multiple definitions for STR() and die(), also use SuSv2's
PATH_MAX instead of adding MAX_PATH.
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-qpujjkw7u0bf0tr4wt55cr9y@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Fix this:
util/cgroup.c: In function ‘open_cgroup’:
util/cgroup.c:16:16: error: ‘saved_ptr’ may be used uninitialized in this function
util/cgroup.c:16:16: note: ‘saved_ptr’ was declared here
Apparently newer GCC (4.6) can figure out that this variable is properly
initialized - but some versions of GCC (such as 4.5.2) need help.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@infradead.org>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This patch adds the ability to filter monitoring based on container groups
(cgroups) for both perf stat and perf record. It is possible to monitor
multiple cgroup in parallel. There is one cgroup per event. The cgroups to
monitor are passed via a new -G option followed by a comma separated list of
cgroup names.
The cgroup filesystem has to be mounted. Given a cgroup name, the perf tool
finds the corresponding directory in the cgroup filesystem and opens it. It
then passes that file descriptor to the kernel.
Example:
$ perf stat -B -a -e cycles:u,cycles:u,cycles:u -G test1,,test2 -- sleep 1
Performance counter stats for 'sleep 1':
2,368,667,414 cycles test1
2,369,661,459 cycles
<not counted> cycles test2
1.001856890 seconds time elapsed
Signed-off-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <4d590290.825bdf0a.7d0a.4890@mx.google.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
