The conventional format for boolean attributes in sysfs is numeric ("0" or
"1" followed by new-line). Any boolean attribute can then be read and
written using a generic function. Using the strings "yes [no]", "[yes]
no" (read), "yes" and "no" (write) will frustrate this.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: use kstrtoul()]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: test_bit() doesn't return 1/0, per Neil]
Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Tested-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org> [2.6.38.x]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is an almost-revert of commit 93b43fa ("oom: give the dying task a
higher priority").
That commit dramatically improved oom killer logic when a fork-bomb
occurs. But I've found that it has nasty corner case. Now cpu cgroup has
strange default RT runtime. It's 0! That said, if a process under cpu
cgroup promote RT scheduling class, the process never run at all.
If an admin inserts a !RT process into a cpu cgroup by setting
rtruntime=0, usually it runs perfectly because a !RT task isn't affected
by the rtruntime knob. But if it promotes an RT task via an explicit
setscheduler() syscall or an OOM, the task can't run at all. In short,
the oom killer doesn't work at all if admins are using cpu cgroup and don't
touch the rtruntime knob.
Eventually, kernel may hang up when oom kill occur. I and the original
author Luis agreed to disable this logic.
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Luis Claudio R. Goncalves <lclaudio@uudg.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
all_unreclaimable check in direct reclaim has been introduced at 2.6.19
by following commit.
2006 Sep 25; commit 408d8544; oom: use unreclaimable info
And it went through strange history. firstly, following commit broke
the logic unintentionally.
2008 Apr 29; commit a41f24ea; page allocator: smarter retry of
costly-order allocations
Two years later, I've found obvious meaningless code fragment and
restored original intention by following commit.
2010 Jun 04; commit bb21c7ce; vmscan: fix do_try_to_free_pages()
return value when priority==0
But, the logic didn't works when 32bit highmem system goes hibernation
and Minchan slightly changed the algorithm and fixed it .
2010 Sep 22: commit d1908362: vmscan: check all_unreclaimable
in direct reclaim path
But, recently, Andrey Vagin found the new corner case. Look,
struct zone {
..
int all_unreclaimable;
..
unsigned long pages_scanned;
..
}
zone->all_unreclaimable and zone->pages_scanned are neigher atomic
variables nor protected by lock. Therefore zones can become a state of
zone->page_scanned=0 and zone->all_unreclaimable=1. In this case, current
all_unreclaimable() return false even though zone->all_unreclaimabe=1.
This resulted in the kernel hanging up when executing a loop of the form
1. fork
2. mmap
3. touch memory
4. read memory
5. munmmap
as described in
http://www.gossamer-threads.com/lists/linux/kernel/1348725#1348725
Is this ignorable minor issue? No. Unfortunately, x86 has very small dma
zone and it become zone->all_unreclamble=1 easily. and if it become
all_unreclaimable=1, it never restore all_unreclaimable=0. Why? if
all_unreclaimable=1, vmscan only try DEF_PRIORITY reclaim and
a-few-lru-pages>>DEF_PRIORITY always makes 0. that mean no page scan at
all!
Eventually, oom-killer never works on such systems. That said, we can't
use zone->pages_scanned for this purpose. This patch restore
all_unreclaimable() use zone->all_unreclaimable as old. and in addition,
to add oom_killer_disabled check to avoid reintroduce the issue of commit
d1908362 ("vmscan: check all_unreclaimable in direct reclaim path").
Reported-by: Andrey Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In __access_remote_vm() we need to check that we have found the right
vma, not the following vma before we try to access it. Otherwise we
might call the vma's access routine with an address which does not fall
inside the vma.
It was discovered on a current kernel but with an unreleased driver,
from memory it was strace leading to a kernel bad access, but it
obviously depends on what the access implementation does.
Looking at other access implementations I only see:
$ git grep -A 5 vm_operations|grep access
arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c- .access = spufs_mem_mmap_access,
arch/x86/pci/i386.c- .access = generic_access_phys,
drivers/char/mem.c- .access = generic_access_phys
fs/sysfs/bin.c- .access = bin_access,
The spufs one looks like it might behave badly given the wrong vma, it
assumes vma->vm_file->private_data is a spu_context, and looks like it
would probably blow up pretty quickly if it wasn't.
generic_access_phys() only uses the vma to check vm_flags and get the
mm, and then walks page tables using the address. So it should bail on
the vm_flags check, or at worst let you access some other VM_IO mapping.
And bin_access() just proxies to another access implementation.
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
5520e89 ("brk: fix min_brk lower bound computation for COMPAT_BRK")
tried to get the whole logic of brk randomization for legacy
(libc5-based) applications finally right.
It turns out that the way to detect whether brk has actually been
randomized in the end or not introduced by that patch still doesn't work
for those binaries, as reported by Geert:
: /sbin/init from my old m68k ramdisk exists prematurely.
:
: Before the patch:
:
: | brk(0x80005c8e) = 0x80006000
:
: After the patch:
:
: | brk(0x80005c8e) = 0x80005c8e
:
: Old libc5 considers brk() to have failed if the return value is not
: identical to the requested value.
I don't like it, but currently see no better option than a bit flag in
task_struct to catch the CONFIG_COMPAT_BRK && randomize_va_space == 2
case.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Tested-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Reported-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If you fill up a tmpfs, df was showing
tmpfs 460800 - - - /tmp
because of an off-by-one in the max_blocks checks. Fix it so df shows
tmpfs 460800 460800 0 100% /tmp
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
I found it difficult to make sense of transparent huge pages without
having any counters for its actions. Add some counters to vmstat for
allocation of transparent hugepages and fallback to smaller pages.
Optional patch, but useful for development and understanding the system.
Contains improvements from Andrea Arcangeli and Johannes Weiner
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[hannes@cmpxchg.org: fix vmstat_text[] entries]
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The memory hotplug case involves calling to build_all_zonelists() which
in turns calls in to setup_zone_pageset(). The latter is marked
__meminit while build_all_zonelists() itself has no particular
annotation. build_all_zonelists() is only handed a non-NULL pointer in
the case of memory hotplug through an existing __meminit path, so the
setup_zone_pageset() reference is always safe.
The options as such are either to flag build_all_zonelists() as __ref (as
per __build_all_zonelists()), or to simply discard the __meminit
annotation from setup_zone_pageset().
Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If CONFIG_FLATMEM is enabled pfn is calculated in online_page() more than
once. It is possible to optimize that and use value established at
beginning of that function.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Kiper <dkiper@net-space.pl>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Jesper Juhl <jj@chaosbits.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 982134ba62 ("mm: avoid wrapping vm_pgoff in mremap()") fixed
the case of a expanding mapping causing vm_pgoff wrapping when you used
mremap. But there was another case where we expand mappings hiding in
plain sight: the automatic stack expansion.
This fixes that case too.
This one also found by Robert Święcki, using his nasty system call
fuzzer tool. Good job.
Reported-and-tested-by: Robert Święcki <robert@swiecki.net>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 53a7706d5e ("mlock: do not hold mmap_sem for extended periods
of time") changed mlock() to care about the exact number of pages that
__get_user_pages() had brought it. Before, it would only care about
errors.
And that doesn't work, because we also handled one page specially in
__mlock_vma_pages_range(), namely the stack guard page. So when that
case was handled, the number of pages that the function returned was off
by one. In particular, it could be zero, and then the caller would end
up not making any progress at all.
Rather than try to fix up that off-by-one error for the mlock case
specially, this just moves the logic to handle the stack guard page
into__get_user_pages() itself, thus making all the counts come out
right automatically.
Reported-by: Robert Święcki <robert@swiecki.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The normal mmap paths all avoid creating a mapping where the pgoff
inside the mapping could wrap around due to overflow. However, an
expanding mremap() can take such a non-wrapping mapping and make it
bigger and cause a wrapping condition.
Noticed by Robert Swiecki when running a system call fuzzer, where it
caused a BUG_ON() due to terminally confusing the vma_prio_tree code. A
vma dumping patch by Hugh then pinpointed the crazy wrapped case.
Reported-and-tested-by: Robert Swiecki <robert@swiecki.net>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'frv' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-2.6-frv:
FRV: Use generic show_interrupts()
FRV: Convert genirq namespace
frv: Select GENERIC_HARDIRQS_NO_DEPRECATED
frv: Convert cpu irq_chip to new functions
frv: Convert mb93493 irq_chip to new functions
frv: Convert mb93093 irq_chip to new function
frv: Convert mb93091 irq_chip to new functions
frv: Fix typo from __do_IRQ overhaul
frv: Remove stale irq_chip.end
FRV: Do some cleanups
FRV: Missing node arg in alloc_thread_info_node() macro
NOMMU: implement access_remote_vm
NOMMU: support SMP dynamic percpu_alloc
NOMMU: percpu should use is_vmalloc_addr().
Recent vm changes brought in a new function which the core procfs code
utilizes. So implement it for nommu systems too to avoid link failures.
Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Simon Horman <horms@verge.net.au>
Tested-by: Ithamar Adema <ithamar.adema@team-embedded.nl>
Acked-by: Greg Ungerer <gerg@uclinux.org>
per_cpu_ptr_to_phys() uses VMALLOC_START and VMALLOC_END to determine if an
address is in the vmalloc() region or not. This is incorrect on NOMMU as
there is no real vmalloc() capability (vmalloc() is emulated by kmalloc()).
The correct way to do this is to use is_vmalloc_addr(). This encapsulates the
vmalloc() region test in MMU mode and just returns 0 in NOMMU mode.
On FRV in NOMMU mode, the percpu compilation fails without this patch:
mm/percpu.c: In function 'per_cpu_ptr_to_phys':
mm/percpu.c:1011: error: 'VMALLOC_START' undeclared (first use in this function)
mm/percpu.c:1011: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
mm/percpu.c:1011: error: for each function it appears in.)
mm/percpu.c:1012: error: 'VMALLOC_END' undeclared (first use in this function)
mm/percpu.c:1018: warning: control reaches end of non-void function
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Fix mm/memory.c incorrect kernel-doc function notation:
Warning(mm/memory.c:3718): Cannot understand * @access_remote_vm - access another process' address space
on line 3718 - I thought it was a doc line
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs-2.6:
fs: simplify iget & friends
fs: pull inode->i_lock up out of writeback_single_inode
fs: rename inode_lock to inode_hash_lock
fs: move i_wb_list out from under inode_lock
fs: move i_sb_list out from under inode_lock
fs: remove inode_lock from iput_final and prune_icache
fs: Lock the inode LRU list separately
fs: factor inode disposal
fs: protect inode->i_state with inode->i_lock
autofs4: Do not potentially dereference NULL pointer returned by fget() in autofs_dev_ioctl_setpipefd()
autofs4 - remove autofs4_lock
autofs4 - fix d_manage() return on rcu-walk
autofs4 - fix autofs4_expire_indirect() traversal
autofs4 - fix dentry leak in autofs4_expire_direct()
autofs4 - reinstate last used update on access
vfs - check non-mountpoint dentry might block in __follow_mount_rcu()
Protect the inode writeback list with a new global lock
inode_wb_list_lock and use it to protect the list manipulations and
traversals. This lock replaces the inode_lock as the inodes on the
list can be validity checked while holding the inode->i_lock and
hence the inode_lock is no longer needed to protect the list.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Protect inode state transitions and validity checks with the
inode->i_lock. This enables us to make inode state transitions
independently of the inode_lock and is the first step to peeling
away the inode_lock from the code.
This requires that __iget() is done atomically with i_state checks
during list traversals so that we don't race with another thread
marking the inode I_FREEING between the state check and grabbing the
reference.
Also remove the unlock_new_inode() memory barrier optimisation
required to avoid taking the inode_lock when clearing I_NEW.
Simplify the code by simply taking the inode->i_lock around the
state change and wakeup. Because the wakeup is no longer tricky,
remove the wake_up_inode() function and open code the wakeup where
necessary.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* 'slab/urgent' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/penberg/slab-2.6:
SLUB: Write to per cpu data when allocating it
slub: Fix debugobjects with lockless fastpath
Commit ddd588b5dd ("oom: suppress nodes that are not allowed from
meminfo on oom kill") moved lib/show_mem.o out of lib/lib.a, which
resulted in build warnings on all architectures that implement their own
versions of show_mem():
lib/lib.a(show_mem.o): In function `show_mem':
show_mem.c:(.text+0x1f4): multiple definition of `show_mem'
arch/sparc/mm/built-in.o:(.text+0xd70): first defined here
The fix is to remove __show_mem() and add its argument to show_mem() in
all implementations to prevent this breakage.
Architectures that implement their own show_mem() actually don't do
anything with the argument yet, but they could be made to filter nodes
that aren't allowed in the current context in the future just like the
generic implementation.
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Reported-by: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@hansenpartnership.com>
Suggested-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It turns out that the cmpxchg16b emulation has to access vmalloced
percpu memory with interrupts disabled. If the memory has never
been touched before then the fault necessary to establish the
mapping will not to occur and the kernel will fail on boot.
Fix that by reusing the CONFIG_PREEMPT code that writes the
cpu number into a field on every cpu. Writing to the per cpu
area before causes the mapping to be established before we get
to a cmpxchg16b emulation.
Tested-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
On Thu, 24 Mar 2011, Ingo Molnar wrote:
> RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff810570a9>] [<ffffffff810570a9>] get_next_timer_interrupt+0x119/0x260
That's a typical timer crash, but you were unable to debug it with
debugobjects because commit d3f661d6 broke those.
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Tested-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
* 'for-2.6.39/core' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-2.6-block: (65 commits)
Documentation/iostats.txt: bit-size reference etc.
cfq-iosched: removing unnecessary think time checking
cfq-iosched: Don't clear queue stats when preempt.
blk-throttle: Reset group slice when limits are changed
blk-cgroup: Only give unaccounted_time under debug
cfq-iosched: Don't set active queue in preempt
block: fix non-atomic access to genhd inflight structures
block: attempt to merge with existing requests on plug flush
block: NULL dereference on error path in __blkdev_get()
cfq-iosched: Don't update group weights when on service tree
fs: assign sb->s_bdi to default_backing_dev_info if the bdi is going away
block: Require subsystems to explicitly allocate bio_set integrity mempool
jbd2: finish conversion from WRITE_SYNC_PLUG to WRITE_SYNC and explicit plugging
jbd: finish conversion from WRITE_SYNC_PLUG to WRITE_SYNC and explicit plugging
fs: make fsync_buffers_list() plug
mm: make generic_writepages() use plugging
blk-cgroup: Add unaccounted time to timeslice_used.
block: fixup plugging stubs for !CONFIG_BLOCK
block: remove obsolete comments for blkdev_issue_zeroout.
blktrace: Use rq->cmd_flags directly in blk_add_trace_rq.
...
Fix up conflicts in fs/{aio.c,super.c}
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs-2.6:
deal with races in /proc/*/{syscall,stack,personality}
proc: enable writing to /proc/pid/mem
proc: make check_mem_permission() return an mm_struct on success
proc: hold cred_guard_mutex in check_mem_permission()
proc: disable mem_write after exec
mm: implement access_remote_vm
mm: factor out main logic of access_process_vm
mm: use mm_struct to resolve gate vma's in __get_user_pages
mm: arch: rename in_gate_area_no_task to in_gate_area_no_mm
mm: arch: make in_gate_area take an mm_struct instead of a task_struct
mm: arch: make get_gate_vma take an mm_struct instead of a task_struct
x86: mark associated mm when running a task in 32 bit compatibility mode
x86: add context tag to mark mm when running a task in 32-bit compatibility mode
auxv: require the target to be tracable (or yourself)
close race in /proc/*/environ
report errors in /proc/*/*map* sanely
pagemap: close races with suid execve
make sessionid permissions in /proc/*/task/* match those in /proc/*
fix leaks in path_lookupat()
Fix up trivial conflicts in fs/proc/base.c
The Xen PV drivers in a crashed HVM guest can not connect to the dom0
backend drivers because both frontend and backend drivers are still in
connected state. To run the connection reset function only in case of a
crashdump, the is_kdump_kernel() function needs to be available for the PV
driver modules.
Consolidate elfcorehdr_addr, setup_elfcorehdr and saved_max_pfn into
kernel/crash_dump.c Also export elfcorehdr_addr to make is_kdump_kernel()
usable for modules.
Leave 'elfcorehdr' as early_param(). This changes powerpc from __setup()
to early_param(). It adds an address range check from x86 also on ia64
and powerpc.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: additional #includes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove elfcorehdr_addr export]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix for Tejun's mm/nobootmem.c changes]
Signed-off-by: Olaf Hering <olaf@aepfle.de>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When a memcg is oom and current has already received a SIGKILL, then give
it access to memory reserves with a higher scheduling priority so that it
may quickly exit and free its memory.
This is identical to the global oom killer and is done even before
checking for panic_on_oom: a pending SIGKILL here while panic_on_oom is
selected is guaranteed to have come from userspace; the thread only needs
access to memory reserves to exit and thus we don't unnecessarily panic
the machine until the kernel has no last resort to free memory.
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
fs/fuse/dev.c::fuse_try_move_page() does
(1) remove a page by ->steal()
(2) re-add the page to page cache
(3) link the page to LRU if it was not on LRU at (1)
This implies the page is _on_ LRU when it's added to radix-tree. So, the
page is added to memory cgroup while it's on LRU. because LRU is lazy and
no one flushs it.
This is the same behavior as SwapCache and needs special care as
- remove page from LRU before overwrite pc->mem_cgroup.
- add page to LRU after overwrite pc->mem_cgroup.
And we need to taking care of pagevec.
If PageLRU(page) is set before we add PCG_USED bit, the page will not be
added to memcg's LRU (in short period). So, regardlress of PageLRU(page)
value before commit_charge(), we need to check PageLRU(page) after
commit_charge().
Addresses https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=30432
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Reported-by: Daniel Poelzleithner <poelzi@poelzi.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki noted that free_pages_cgroup doesn't have to check for
PageReserved because we never store the array on reserved pages (neither
alloc_pages_exact nor vmalloc use those pages).
So we can replace the check by a BUG_ON.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently we are allocating a single page_cgroup array per memory section
(stored in mem_section->base) when CONFIG_SPARSEMEM is selected. This is
correct but memory inefficient solution because the allocated memory
(unless we fall back to vmalloc) is not kmalloc friendly:
- 32b - 16384 entries (20B per entry) fit into 327680B so the
524288B slab cache is used
- 32b with PAE - 131072 entries with 2621440B fit into 4194304B
- 64b - 32768 entries (40B per entry) fit into 2097152 cache
This is ~37% wasted space per memory section and it sumps up for the whole
memory. On a x86_64 machine it is something like 6MB per 1GB of RAM.
We can reduce the internal fragmentation by using alloc_pages_exact which
allocates PAGE_SIZE aligned blocks so we will get down to <4kB wasted
memory per section which is much better.
We still need a fallback to vmalloc because we have no guarantees that we
will have a continuous memory of that size (order-10) later on during the
hotplug events.
[hannes@cmpxchg.org: do not define unused free_page_cgroup() without memory hotplug]
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
mm/memcontrol.c: In function 'mem_cgroup_force_empty':
mm/memcontrol.c:2280: warning: 'flags' may be used uninitialized in this function
It's a false positive.
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The statistic counters are in units of pages, there is no reason to make
them 64-bit wide on 32-bit machines.
Make them native words. Since they are signed, this leaves 31 bit on
32-bit machines, which can represent roughly 8TB assuming a page size of
4k.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
For increasing and decreasing per-cpu cgroup usage counters it makes sense
to use signed types, as single per-cpu values might go negative during
updates. But this is not the case for only-ever-increasing event
counters.
All the counters have been signed 64-bit so far, which was enough to count
events even with the sign bit wasted.
This patch:
- divides s64 counters into signed usage counters and unsigned
monotonically increasing event counters.
- converts unsigned event counters into 'unsigned long' rather than
'u64'. This matches the type used by the /proc/vmstat event counters.
The next patch narrows the signed usage counters type (on 32-bit CPUs,
that is).
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There is no clear pattern when we pass a page count and when we pass a
byte count that is a multiple of PAGE_SIZE.
We never charge or uncharge subpage quantities, so convert it all to page
counts.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We have two charge cancelling functions: one takes a page count, the other
a page size. The second one just divides the parameter by PAGE_SIZE and
then calls the first one. This is trivial, no need for an extra function.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The reclaim_param_lock is only taken around single reads and writes to
integer variables and is thus superfluous. Drop it.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
page_cgroup_zoneinfo() will never return NULL for a charged page, remove
the check for it in mem_cgroup_get_reclaim_stat_from_page().
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In struct page_cgroup, we have a full word for flags but only a few are
reserved. Use the remaining upper bits to encode, depending on
configuration, the node or the section, to enable page_cgroup-to-page
lookups without a direct pointer.
This saves a full word for every page in a system with memory cgroups
enabled.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The per-cgroup LRU lists string up 'struct page_cgroup's. To get from
those structures to the page they represent, a lookup is required.
Currently, the lookup is done through a direct pointer in struct
page_cgroup, so a lot of functions down the callchain do this lookup by
themselves instead of receiving the page pointer from their callers.
The next patch removes this pointer, however, and the lookup is no longer
that straight-forward. In preparation for that, this patch only leaves
the non-optional lookups when coming directly from the LRU list and passes
the page down the stack.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It is one logical function, no need to have it split up.
Also, get rid of some checks from the inner function that ensured the
sanity of the outer function.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Instead of passing a whole struct page_cgroup to this function, let it
take only what it really needs from it: the struct mem_cgroup and the
page.
This has the advantage that reading pc->mem_cgroup is now done at the same
place where the ordering rules for this pointer are enforced and
explained.
It is also in preparation for removing the pc->page backpointer.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch series removes the direct page pointer from struct page_cgroup,
which saves 20% of per-page memcg memory overhead (Fedora and Ubuntu
enable memcg per default, openSUSE apparently too).
The node id or section number is encoded in the remaining free bits of
pc->flags which allows calculating the corresponding page without the
extra pointer.
I ran, what I think is, a worst-case microbenchmark that just cats a large
sparse file to /dev/null, because it means that walking the LRU list on
behalf of per-cgroup reclaim and looking up pages from page_cgroups is
happening constantly and at a high rate. But it made no measurable
difference. A profile reported a 0.11% share of the new
lookup_cgroup_page() function in this benchmark.
This patch:
All callsites check PCG_USED before passing pc->mem_cgroup, so the latter
is never NULL.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Acked-by: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add checks at allocating or freeing a page whether the page is used (iow,
charged) from the view point of memcg.
This check may be useful in debugging a problem and we did similar checks
before the commit 52d4b9ac(memcg: allocate all page_cgroup at boot).
This patch adds some overheads at allocating or freeing memory, so it's
enabled only when CONFIG_DEBUG_VM is enabled.
Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The page_cgroup array is set up before even fork is initialized. I
seriously doubt that this code executes before the array is alloc'd.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
No callsite ever passes a NULL pointer for a struct mem_cgroup * to the
committing function. There is no need to check for it.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Ben Hutchings
KOSAKI Motohiro
Michael Ellerman
Jiri Kosina
Hugh Dickins
Andi Kleen
Christoph Lameter
Paul Mundt
Daniel Kiper
Linus Torvalds
Lucas De Marchi
Mike Frysinger
David Howells
Randy Dunlap
Dave Chinner
David Rientjes
Thomas Gleixner
Olaf Hering
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki
Michal Hocko
Andrew Morton
Johannes Weiner
Daisuke Nishimura