Commit Graph

210 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Paul E. McKenney 06ae115a1d rcu: Avoid having just-onlined CPU resched itself when RCU is idle
CPUs set rdp->qs_pending when coming online to resolve races with
grace-period start.  However, this means that if RCU is idle, the
just-onlined CPU might needlessly send itself resched IPIs.  Adjust
the online-CPU initialization to avoid this, and also to correctly
cause the CPU to respond to the current grace period if needed.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Christian Hoffmann <email@christianhoffmann.info>
2011-09-28 21:38:42 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 9bc8b5586f rcu: Suppress NMI backtraces when stall ends before dump
It is possible for an RCU CPU stall to end just as it is detected, in
which case the current code will uselessly dump all CPU's stacks.
This commit therefore checks for this condition and refrains from
sending needless NMIs.

And yes, the stall might also end just after we checked all CPUs and
tasks, but in that case we would at least have given some clue as
to which CPU/task was at fault.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-09-28 21:38:41 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 037067a1b6 rcu: Prohibit grace periods during early boot
Greater use of RCU during early boot (before the scheduler is operating)
is causing RCU to attempt to start grace periods during that time, which
in turn is resulting in both RCU and the callback functions attempting
to use the scheduler before it is ready.

This commit prevents these problems by prohibiting RCU grace periods
until after the scheduler has spawned the first non-idle task.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-09-28 21:38:40 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 5c51dd7349 rcu: Prevent early boot set_need_resched() from __rcu_pending()
There isn't a whole lot of point in poking the scheduler before there
are other tasks to switch to.  This commit therefore adds a check
for rcu_scheduler_fully_active in __rcu_pending() to suppress any
pre-scheduler calls to set_need_resched().  The downside of this approach
is additional runtime overhead in a reasonably hot code path.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-09-28 21:38:37 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 4627e240df rcu: Dump local stack if cannot dump all CPUs' stacks
The trigger_all_cpu_backtrace() function is a no-op in architectures that
do not define arch_trigger_all_cpu_backtrace.  On such architectures, RCU
CPU stall warning messages contain no stack trace information, which makes
debugging quite difficult.  This commit therefore substitutes dump_stack()
for architectures that do not define arch_trigger_all_cpu_backtrace,
so that at least the local CPU's stack is dumped as part of the RCU CPU
stall warning message.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-09-28 21:38:36 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 7eb4f4553c rcu: Make rcu_implicit_dynticks_qs() locals be correct size
When the ->dynticks field in the rcu_dynticks structure changed to an
atomic_t, its size on 64-bit systems changed from 64 bits to 32 bits.
The local variables in rcu_implicit_dynticks_qs() need to change as
well, hence this commit.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-09-28 21:38:32 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 717f98f0f8 rcu: Eliminate in_irq() checks in rcu_enter_nohz()
The in_irq() check in rcu_enter_nohz() is redundant because if we really
are in an interrupt, the attempt to re-enter dyntick-idle mode will invoke
rcu_needs_cpu() in any case, which will force the check for RCU callbacks.
So this commit removes the check along with the set_need_resched().

Suggested-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-09-28 21:38:31 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney e4cc1f22b2 rcu: Simplify quiescent-state accounting
There is often a delay between the time that a CPU passes through a
quiescent state and the time that this quiescent state is reported to the
RCU core.  It is quite possible that the grace period ended before the
quiescent state could be reported, for example, some other CPU might have
deduced that this CPU passed through dyntick-idle mode.  It is critically
important that quiescent state be counted only against the grace period
that was in effect at the time that the quiescent state was detected.

Previously, this was handled by recording the number of the last grace
period to complete when passing through a quiescent state.  The RCU
core then checks this number against the current value, and rejects
the quiescent state if there is a mismatch.  However, one additional
possibility must be accounted for, namely that the quiescent state was
recorded after the prior grace period completed but before the current
grace period started.  In this case, the RCU core must reject the
quiescent state, but the recorded number will match.  This is handled
when the CPU becomes aware of a new grace period -- at that point,
it invalidates any prior quiescent state.

This works, but is a bit indirect.  The new approach records the current
grace period, and the RCU core checks to see (1) that this is still the
current grace period and (2) that this grace period has not yet ended.
This approach simplifies reasoning about correctness, and this commit
changes over to this new approach.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-09-28 21:38:22 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney d4c08f2ac3 rcu: Add grace-period, quiescent-state, and call_rcu trace events
Add trace events to record grace-period start and end, quiescent states,
CPUs noticing grace-period start and end, grace-period initialization,
call_rcu() invocation, tasks blocking in RCU read-side critical sections,
tasks exiting those same critical sections, force_quiescent_state()
detection of dyntick-idle and offline CPUs, CPUs entering and leaving
dyntick-idle mode (except from NMIs), CPUs coming online and going
offline, and CPUs being kicked for staying in dyntick-idle mode for too
long (as in many weeks, even on 32-bit systems).

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

rcu: Add the rcu flavor to callback trace events

The earlier trace events for registering RCU callbacks and for invoking
them did not include the RCU flavor (rcu_bh, rcu_preempt, or rcu_sched).
This commit adds the RCU flavor to those trace events.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-09-28 21:38:21 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney e0f23060ad rcu: Update comments to reflect softirqs vs. kthreads
We now have kthreads only for flavors of RCU that support boosting,
so update the now-misleading comments accordingly.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-09-28 21:38:16 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 72fe701b70 rcu: Add RCU type to callback-invocation tracing
Add a string to the rcu_batch_start() and rcu_batch_end() trace
messages that indicates the RCU type ("rcu_sched", "rcu_bh", or
"rcu_preempt").  The trace messages for the actual invocations
themselves are not marked, as it should be clear from the
rcu_batch_start() and rcu_batch_end() events before and after.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-09-28 21:38:15 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney e99033c5c1 rcu: Put names into TINY_RCU structures under RCU_TRACE
In order to allow event tracing to distinguish between flavors of
RCU, we need those names in the relevant RCU data structures.  TINY_RCU
has avoided them for memory-footprint reasons, so add them only if
CONFIG_RCU_TRACE=y.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-09-28 21:38:14 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 300df91ca9 rcu: Event-trace markers for computing RCU CPU utilization
This commit adds the trace_rcu_utilization() marker that is to be
used to allow postprocessing scripts compute RCU's CPU utilization,
give or take event-trace overhead.  Note that we do not include RCU's
dyntick-idle interface because event tracing requires RCU protection,
which is not available in dyntick-idle mode.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-09-28 21:38:13 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 29c00b4a1d rcu: Add event-tracing for RCU callback invocation
There was recently some controversy about the overhead of invoking RCU
callbacks.  Add TRACE_EVENT()s to obtain fine-grained timings for the
start and stop of a batch of callbacks and also for each callback invoked.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-09-28 21:38:12 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 2c42818e96 rcu: Abstract common code for RCU grace-period-wait primitives
Pull the code that waits for an RCU grace period into a single function,
which is then called by synchronize_rcu() and friends in the case of
TREE_RCU and TREE_PREEMPT_RCU, and from rcu_barrier() and friends in
the case of TINY_RCU and TINY_PREEMPT_RCU.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-09-28 21:36:42 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney b0d304172f rcu: Prevent RCU callbacks from executing before scheduler initialized
Under some rare but real combinations of configuration parameters, RCU
callbacks are posted during early boot that use kernel facilities that
are not yet initialized.  Therefore, when these callbacks are invoked,
hard hangs and crashes ensue.  This commit therefore prevents RCU
callbacks from being invoked until after the scheduler is fully up and
running, as in after multiple tasks have been spawned.

It might well turn out that a better approach is to identify the specific
RCU callbacks that are causing this problem, but that discussion will
wait until such time as someone really needs an RCU callback to be invoked
(as opposed to merely registered) during early boot.

Reported-by: julie Sullivan <kernelmail.jms@gmail.com>
Reported-by: RKK <kulkarni.ravi4@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Tested-by: julie Sullivan <kernelmail.jms@gmail.com>
Tested-by: RKK <kulkarni.ravi4@gmail.com>
2011-07-13 08:17:56 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney f8b7fc6b51 rcu: Move RCU_BOOST #ifdefs to header file
The commit "use softirq instead of kthreads except when RCU_BOOST=y"
just applied #ifdef in place.  This commit is a cleanup that moves
the newly #ifdef'ed code to the header file kernel/rcutree_plugin.h.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-06-16 16:12:05 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney a46e0899ee rcu: use softirq instead of kthreads except when RCU_BOOST=y
This patch #ifdefs RCU kthreads out of the kernel unless RCU_BOOST=y,
thus eliminating context-switch overhead if RCU priority boosting has
not been configured.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-06-15 23:07:21 -07:00
Shaohua Li 09223371de rcu: Use softirq to address performance regression
Commit a26ac2455ffcf3(rcu: move TREE_RCU from softirq to kthread)
introduced performance regression. In an AIM7 test, this commit degraded
performance by about 40%.

The commit runs rcu callbacks in a kthread instead of softirq. We observed
high rate of context switch which is caused by this. Out test system has
64 CPUs and HZ is 1000, so we saw more than 64k context switch per second
which is caused by RCU's per-CPU kthread.  A trace showed that most of
the time the RCU per-CPU kthread doesn't actually handle any callbacks,
but instead just does a very small amount of work handling grace periods.
This means that RCU's per-CPU kthreads are making the scheduler do quite
a bit of work in order to allow a very small amount of RCU-related
processing to be done.

Alex Shi's analysis determined that this slowdown is due to lock
contention within the scheduler.  Unfortunately, as Peter Zijlstra points
out, the scheduler's real-time semantics require global action, which
means that this contention is inherent in real-time scheduling.  (Yes,
perhaps someone will come up with a workaround -- otherwise, -rt is not
going to do well on large SMP systems -- but this patch will work around
this issue in the meantime.  And "the meantime" might well be forever.)

This patch therefore re-introduces softirq processing to RCU, but only
for core RCU work.  RCU callbacks are still executed in kthread context,
so that only a small amount of RCU work runs in softirq context in the
common case.  This should minimize ksoftirqd execution, allowing us to
skip boosting of ksoftirqd for CONFIG_RCU_BOOST=y kernels.

Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Tested-by: "Alex,Shi" <alex.shi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-06-14 15:25:39 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 9a43273690 rcu: Simplify curing of load woes
Make the functions creating the kthreads wake them up.  Leverage the
fact that the per-node and boost kthreads can run anywhere, thus
dispensing with the need to wake them up once the incoming CPU has
gone fully online.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Daniel J Blueman <daniel.blueman@gmail.com>
2011-06-14 15:25:15 -07:00
Peter Zijlstra d72bce0e67 rcu: Cure load woes
Commit cc3ce5176d (rcu: Start RCU kthreads in TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE
state) fudges a sleeping task' state, resulting in the scheduler seeing
a TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE task going to sleep, but a TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE
task waking up. The result is unbalanced load calculation.

The problem that patch tried to address is that the RCU threads could
stay in UNINTERRUPTIBLE state for quite a while and triggering the hung
task detector due to on-demand wake-ups.

Cure the problem differently by always giving the tasks at least one
wake-up once the CPU is fully up and running, this will kick them out of
the initial UNINTERRUPTIBLE state and into the regular INTERRUPTIBLE
wait state.

[ The alternative would be teaching kthread_create() to start threads as
  INTERRUPTIBLE but that needs a tad more thought. ]

Reported-by: Damien Wyart <damien.wyart@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1306755291.1200.2872.camel@twins
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2011-05-31 10:01:48 +02:00
Paul E. McKenney cc3ce5176d rcu: Start RCU kthreads in TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE state
Upon creation, kthreads are in TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE state, which can
result in softlockup warnings.  Because some of RCU's kthreads can
legitimately be idle indefinitely, start them in TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE
state in order to avoid those warnings.

Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2011-05-28 17:41:56 +02:00
Peter Zijlstra 08bca60a69 rcu: Remove waitqueue usage for cpu, node, and boost kthreads
It is not necessary to use waitqueues for the RCU kthreads because
we always know exactly which thread is to be awakened.  In addition,
wake_up() only issues an actual wakeup when there is a thread waiting on
the queue, which was why there was an extra explicit wake_up_process()
to get the RCU kthreads started.

Eliminating the waitqueues (and wake_up()) in favor of wake_up_process()
eliminates the need for the initial wake_up_process() and also shrinks
the data structure size a bit.  The wakeup logic is placed in a new
rcu_wait() macro.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2011-05-28 17:41:52 +02:00
Paul E. McKenney 8826f3b039 rcu: Avoid acquiring rcu_node locks in timer functions
This commit switches manipulations of the rcu_node ->wakemask field
to atomic operations, which allows rcu_cpu_kthread_timer() to avoid
acquiring the rcu_node lock.  This should avoid the following lockdep
splat reported by Valdis Kletnieks:

[   12.872150] usb 1-4: new high speed USB device number 3 using ehci_hcd
[   12.986667] usb 1-4: New USB device found, idVendor=413c, idProduct=2513
[   12.986679] usb 1-4: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=0
[   12.987691] hub 1-4:1.0: USB hub found
[   12.987877] hub 1-4:1.0: 3 ports detected
[   12.996372] input: PS/2 Generic Mouse as /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input10
[   13.071471] udevadm used greatest stack depth: 3984 bytes left
[   13.172129]
[   13.172130] =======================================================
[   13.172425] [ INFO: possible circular locking dependency detected ]
[   13.172650] 2.6.39-rc6-mmotm0506 #1
[   13.172773] -------------------------------------------------------
[   13.172997] blkid/267 is trying to acquire lock:
[   13.173009]  (&p->pi_lock){-.-.-.}, at: [<ffffffff81032d8f>] try_to_wake_up+0x29/0x1aa
[   13.173009]
[   13.173009] but task is already holding lock:
[   13.173009]  (rcu_node_level_0){..-...}, at: [<ffffffff810901cc>] rcu_cpu_kthread_timer+0x27/0x58
[   13.173009]
[   13.173009] which lock already depends on the new lock.
[   13.173009]
[   13.173009]
[   13.173009] the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:
[   13.173009]
[   13.173009] -> #2 (rcu_node_level_0){..-...}:
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff810679b9>] check_prevs_add+0x8b/0x104
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81067da1>] validate_chain+0x36f/0x3ab
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff8106846b>] __lock_acquire+0x369/0x3e2
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81068a0f>] lock_acquire+0xfc/0x14c
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff815697f1>] _raw_spin_lock+0x36/0x45
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81090794>] rcu_read_unlock_special+0x8c/0x1d5
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff8109092c>] __rcu_read_unlock+0x4f/0xd7
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81027bd3>] rcu_read_unlock+0x21/0x23
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff8102cc34>] cpuacct_charge+0x6c/0x75
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81030cc6>] update_curr+0x101/0x12e
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff810311d0>] check_preempt_wakeup+0xf7/0x23b
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff8102acb3>] check_preempt_curr+0x2b/0x68
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81031d40>] ttwu_do_wakeup+0x76/0x128
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81031e49>] ttwu_do_activate.constprop.63+0x57/0x5c
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81031e96>] scheduler_ipi+0x48/0x5d
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff810177d5>] smp_reschedule_interrupt+0x16/0x18
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff815710f3>] reschedule_interrupt+0x13/0x20
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff810b66d1>] rcu_read_unlock+0x21/0x23
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff810b739c>] find_get_page+0xa9/0xb9
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff810b8b48>] filemap_fault+0x6a/0x34d
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff810d1a25>] __do_fault+0x54/0x3e6
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff810d447a>] handle_pte_fault+0x12c/0x1ed
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff810d48f7>] handle_mm_fault+0x1cd/0x1e0
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff8156cfee>] do_page_fault+0x42d/0x5de
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff8156a75f>] page_fault+0x1f/0x30
[   13.173009]
[   13.173009] -> #1 (&rq->lock){-.-.-.}:
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff810679b9>] check_prevs_add+0x8b/0x104
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81067da1>] validate_chain+0x36f/0x3ab
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff8106846b>] __lock_acquire+0x369/0x3e2
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81068a0f>] lock_acquire+0xfc/0x14c
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff815697f1>] _raw_spin_lock+0x36/0x45
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81027e19>] __task_rq_lock+0x8b/0xd3
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81032f7f>] wake_up_new_task+0x41/0x108
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff810376c3>] do_fork+0x265/0x33f
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81007d02>] kernel_thread+0x6b/0x6d
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff8153a9dd>] rest_init+0x21/0xd2
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81b1db4f>] start_kernel+0x3bb/0x3c6
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81b1d29f>] x86_64_start_reservations+0xaf/0xb3
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81b1d393>] x86_64_start_kernel+0xf0/0xf7
[   13.173009]
[   13.173009] -> #0 (&p->pi_lock){-.-.-.}:
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81067788>] check_prev_add+0x68/0x20e
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff810679b9>] check_prevs_add+0x8b/0x104
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81067da1>] validate_chain+0x36f/0x3ab
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff8106846b>] __lock_acquire+0x369/0x3e2
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81068a0f>] lock_acquire+0xfc/0x14c
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff815698ea>] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x44/0x57
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81032d8f>] try_to_wake_up+0x29/0x1aa
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81032f3c>] wake_up_process+0x10/0x12
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff810901e9>] rcu_cpu_kthread_timer+0x44/0x58
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81045286>] call_timer_fn+0xac/0x1e9
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff8104556d>] run_timer_softirq+0x1aa/0x1f2
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff8103e487>] __do_softirq+0x109/0x26a
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff8157144c>] call_softirq+0x1c/0x30
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81003207>] do_softirq+0x44/0xf1
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff8103e8b9>] irq_exit+0x58/0xc8
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81017f5a>] smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x79/0x87
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff81570fd3>] apic_timer_interrupt+0x13/0x20
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff810bd51a>] get_page_from_freelist+0x2aa/0x310
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff810bdf03>] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x178/0x243
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff8101fe2f>] pte_alloc_one+0x1e/0x3a
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff810d27fe>] __pte_alloc+0x22/0x14b
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff810d48a8>] handle_mm_fault+0x17e/0x1e0
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff8156cfee>] do_page_fault+0x42d/0x5de
[   13.173009]        [<ffffffff8156a75f>] page_fault+0x1f/0x30
[   13.173009]
[   13.173009] other info that might help us debug this:
[   13.173009]
[   13.173009] Chain exists of:
[   13.173009]   &p->pi_lock --> &rq->lock --> rcu_node_level_0
[   13.173009]
[   13.173009]  Possible unsafe locking scenario:
[   13.173009]
[   13.173009]        CPU0                    CPU1
[   13.173009]        ----                    ----
[   13.173009]   lock(rcu_node_level_0);
[   13.173009]                                lock(&rq->lock);
[   13.173009]                                lock(rcu_node_level_0);
[   13.173009]   lock(&p->pi_lock);
[   13.173009]
[   13.173009]  *** DEADLOCK ***
[   13.173009]
[   13.173009] 3 locks held by blkid/267:
[   13.173009]  #0:  (&mm->mmap_sem){++++++}, at: [<ffffffff8156cdb4>] do_page_fault+0x1f3/0x5de
[   13.173009]  #1:  (&yield_timer){+.-...}, at: [<ffffffff810451da>] call_timer_fn+0x0/0x1e9
[   13.173009]  #2:  (rcu_node_level_0){..-...}, at: [<ffffffff810901cc>] rcu_cpu_kthread_timer+0x27/0x58
[   13.173009]
[   13.173009] stack backtrace:
[   13.173009] Pid: 267, comm: blkid Not tainted 2.6.39-rc6-mmotm0506 #1
[   13.173009] Call Trace:
[   13.173009]  <IRQ>  [<ffffffff8154a529>] print_circular_bug+0xc8/0xd9
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff81067788>] check_prev_add+0x68/0x20e
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff8100c861>] ? save_stack_trace+0x28/0x46
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810679b9>] check_prevs_add+0x8b/0x104
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff81067da1>] validate_chain+0x36f/0x3ab
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff8106846b>] __lock_acquire+0x369/0x3e2
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff81032d8f>] ? try_to_wake_up+0x29/0x1aa
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff81068a0f>] lock_acquire+0xfc/0x14c
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff81032d8f>] ? try_to_wake_up+0x29/0x1aa
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810901a5>] ? rcu_check_quiescent_state+0x82/0x82
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff815698ea>] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x44/0x57
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff81032d8f>] ? try_to_wake_up+0x29/0x1aa
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff81032d8f>] try_to_wake_up+0x29/0x1aa
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810901a5>] ? rcu_check_quiescent_state+0x82/0x82
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff81032f3c>] wake_up_process+0x10/0x12
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810901e9>] rcu_cpu_kthread_timer+0x44/0x58
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810901a5>] ? rcu_check_quiescent_state+0x82/0x82
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff81045286>] call_timer_fn+0xac/0x1e9
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810451da>] ? del_timer+0x75/0x75
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810901a5>] ? rcu_check_quiescent_state+0x82/0x82
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff8104556d>] run_timer_softirq+0x1aa/0x1f2
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff8103e487>] __do_softirq+0x109/0x26a
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff8106365f>] ? tick_dev_program_event+0x37/0xf6
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810a0e4a>] ? time_hardirqs_off+0x1b/0x2f
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff8157144c>] call_softirq+0x1c/0x30
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff81003207>] do_softirq+0x44/0xf1
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff8103e8b9>] irq_exit+0x58/0xc8
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff81017f5a>] smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x79/0x87
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff81570fd3>] apic_timer_interrupt+0x13/0x20
[   13.173009]  <EOI>  [<ffffffff810bd384>] ? get_page_from_freelist+0x114/0x310
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810bd51a>] ? get_page_from_freelist+0x2aa/0x310
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff812220e7>] ? clear_page_c+0x7/0x10
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810bd1ef>] ? prep_new_page+0x14c/0x1cd
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810bd51a>] get_page_from_freelist+0x2aa/0x310
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810bdf03>] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x178/0x243
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810d46b9>] ? __pmd_alloc+0x87/0x99
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff8101fe2f>] pte_alloc_one+0x1e/0x3a
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810d46b9>] ? __pmd_alloc+0x87/0x99
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810d27fe>] __pte_alloc+0x22/0x14b
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810d48a8>] handle_mm_fault+0x17e/0x1e0
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff8156cfee>] do_page_fault+0x42d/0x5de
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810d915f>] ? sys_brk+0x32/0x10c
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff810a0e4a>] ? time_hardirqs_off+0x1b/0x2f
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff81065c4f>] ? trace_hardirqs_off_caller+0x3f/0x9c
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff812235dd>] ? trace_hardirqs_off_thunk+0x3a/0x3c
[   13.173009]  [<ffffffff8156a75f>] page_fault+0x1f/0x30
[   14.010075] usb 5-1: new full speed USB device number 2 using uhci_hcd

Reported-by: Valdis Kletnieks <Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2011-05-28 17:41:49 +02:00
Ingo Molnar 29f742f88a Merge branch 'rcu/urgent' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulmck/linux-2.6-rcu into core/urgent 2011-05-28 17:41:05 +02:00
Paul E. McKenney 23b5c8fa01 rcu: Decrease memory-barrier usage based on semi-formal proof
(Note: this was reverted, and is now being re-applied in pieces, with
this being the fifth and final piece.  See below for the reason that
it is now felt to be safe to re-apply this.)

Commit d09b62d fixed grace-period synchronization, but left some smp_mb()
invocations in rcu_process_callbacks() that are no longer needed, but
sheer paranoia prevented them from being removed.  This commit removes
them and provides a proof of correctness in their absence.  It also adds
a memory barrier to rcu_report_qs_rsp() immediately before the update to
rsp->completed in order to handle the theoretical possibility that the
compiler or CPU might move massive quantities of code into a lock-based
critical section.  This also proves that the sheer paranoia was not
entirely unjustified, at least from a theoretical point of view.

In addition, the old dyntick-idle synchronization depended on the fact
that grace periods were many milliseconds in duration, so that it could
be assumed that no dyntick-idle CPU could reorder a memory reference
across an entire grace period.  Unfortunately for this design, the
addition of expedited grace periods breaks this assumption, which has
the unfortunate side-effect of requiring atomic operations in the
functions that track dyntick-idle state for RCU.  (There is some hope
that the algorithms used in user-level RCU might be applied here, but
some work is required to handle the NMIs that user-space applications
can happily ignore.  For the short term, better safe than sorry.)

This proof assumes that neither compiler nor CPU will allow a lock
acquisition and release to be reordered, as doing so can result in
deadlock.  The proof is as follows:

1.	A given CPU declares a quiescent state under the protection of
	its leaf rcu_node's lock.

2.	If there is more than one level of rcu_node hierarchy, the
	last CPU to declare a quiescent state will also acquire the
	->lock of the next rcu_node up in the hierarchy,  but only
	after releasing the lower level's lock.  The acquisition of this
	lock clearly cannot occur prior to the acquisition of the leaf
	node's lock.

3.	Step 2 repeats until we reach the root rcu_node structure.
	Please note again that only one lock is held at a time through
	this process.  The acquisition of the root rcu_node's ->lock
	must occur after the release of that of the leaf rcu_node.

4.	At this point, we set the ->completed field in the rcu_state
	structure in rcu_report_qs_rsp().  However, if the rcu_node
	hierarchy contains only one rcu_node, then in theory the code
	preceding the quiescent state could leak into the critical
	section.  We therefore precede the update of ->completed with a
	memory barrier.  All CPUs will therefore agree that any updates
	preceding any report of a quiescent state will have happened
	before the update of ->completed.

5.	Regardless of whether a new grace period is needed, rcu_start_gp()
	will propagate the new value of ->completed to all of the leaf
	rcu_node structures, under the protection of each rcu_node's ->lock.
	If a new grace period is needed immediately, this propagation
	will occur in the same critical section that ->completed was
	set in, but courtesy of the memory barrier in #4 above, is still
	seen to follow any pre-quiescent-state activity.

6.	When a given CPU invokes __rcu_process_gp_end(), it becomes
	aware of the end of the old grace period and therefore makes
	any RCU callbacks that were waiting on that grace period eligible
	for invocation.

	If this CPU is the same one that detected the end of the grace
	period, and if there is but a single rcu_node in the hierarchy,
	we will still be in the single critical section.  In this case,
	the memory barrier in step #4 guarantees that all callbacks will
	be seen to execute after each CPU's quiescent state.

	On the other hand, if this is a different CPU, it will acquire
	the leaf rcu_node's ->lock, and will again be serialized after
	each CPU's quiescent state for the old grace period.

On the strength of this proof, this commit therefore removes the memory
barriers from rcu_process_callbacks() and adds one to rcu_report_qs_rsp().
The effect is to reduce the number of memory barriers by one and to
reduce the frequency of execution from about once per scheduling tick
per CPU to once per grace period.

This was reverted do to hangs found during testing by Yinghai Lu and
Ingo Molnar.  Frederic Weisbecker supplied Yinghai with tracing that
located the underlying problem, and Frederic also provided the fix.

The underlying problem was that the HARDIRQ_ENTER() macro from
lib/locking-selftest.c invoked irq_enter(), which in turn invokes
rcu_irq_enter(), but HARDIRQ_EXIT() invoked __irq_exit(), which
does not invoke rcu_irq_exit().  This situation resulted in calls
to rcu_irq_enter() that were not balanced by the required calls to
rcu_irq_exit().  Therefore, after these locking selftests completed,
RCU's dyntick-idle nesting count was a large number (for example,
72), which caused RCU to to conclude that the affected CPU was not in
dyntick-idle mode when in fact it was.

RCU would therefore incorrectly wait for this dyntick-idle CPU, resulting
in hangs.

In contrast, with Frederic's patch, which replaces the irq_enter()
in HARDIRQ_ENTER() with an __irq_enter(), these tests don't ever call
either rcu_irq_enter() or rcu_irq_exit(), which works because the CPU
running the test is already marked as not being in dyntick-idle mode.
This means that the rcu_irq_enter() and rcu_irq_exit() calls and RCU
then has no problem working out which CPUs are in dyntick-idle mode and
which are not.

The reason that the imbalance was not noticed before the barrier patch
was applied is that the old implementation of rcu_enter_nohz() ignored
the nesting depth.  This could still result in delays, but much shorter
ones.  Whenever there was a delay, RCU would IPI the CPU with the
unbalanced nesting level, which would eventually result in rcu_enter_nohz()
being called, which in turn would force RCU to see that the CPU was in
dyntick-idle mode.

The reason that very few people noticed the problem is that the mismatched
irq_enter() vs. __irq_exit() occured only when the kernel was built with
CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCKING_API_SELFTESTS.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
2011-05-26 09:42:23 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 4305ce7894 rcu: Make rcu_enter_nohz() pay attention to nesting
The old version of rcu_enter_nohz() forced RCU into nohz mode even if
the nesting count was non-zero.  This change causes rcu_enter_nohz()
to hold off for non-zero nesting counts.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-05-26 09:42:22 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney b5904090c7 rcu: Don't do reschedule unless in irq
Condition the set_need_resched() in rcu_irq_exit() on in_irq().  This
should be a no-op, because rcu_irq_exit() should only be called from irq.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-05-26 09:42:21 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 1135633bdd rcu: Remove old memory barriers from rcu_process_callbacks()
Second step of partitioning of commit e59fb3120b.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-05-26 09:42:21 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 0bbcc529fc rcu: Add memory barriers
Add the memory barriers added by e59fb3120b.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-05-26 09:42:20 -07:00
Linus Torvalds 268bb0ce3e sanitize <linux/prefetch.h> usage
Commit e66eed651f ("list: remove prefetching from regular list
iterators") removed the include of prefetch.h from list.h, which
uncovered several cases that had apparently relied on that rather
obscure header file dependency.

So this fixes things up a bit, using

   grep -L linux/prefetch.h $(git grep -l '[^a-z_]prefetchw*(' -- '*.[ch]')
   grep -L 'prefetchw*(' $(git grep -l 'linux/prefetch.h' -- '*.[ch]')

to guide us in finding files that either need <linux/prefetch.h>
inclusion, or have it despite not needing it.

There are more of them around (mostly network drivers), but this gets
many core ones.

Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-05-20 12:50:29 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 80d02085d9 Revert "rcu: Decrease memory-barrier usage based on semi-formal proof"
This reverts commit e59fb3120b.

This reversion was due to (extreme) boot-time slowdowns on SPARC seen by
Yinghai Lu and on x86 by Ingo
.
This is a non-trivial reversion due to intervening commits.

Conflicts:

	Documentation/RCU/trace.txt
	kernel/rcutree.c

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2011-05-19 23:25:29 +02:00
Paul E. McKenney 1217ed1ba5 rcu: permit rcu_read_unlock() to be called while holding runqueue locks
Avoid calling into the scheduler while holding core RCU locks.  This
allows rcu_read_unlock() to be called while holding the runqueue locks,
but only as long as there was no chance of the RCU read-side critical
section having been preempted.  (Otherwise, if RCU priority boosting
is enabled, rcu_read_unlock() might call into the scheduler in order to
unboost itself, which might allows self-deadlock on the runqueue locks
within the scheduler.)

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-05-07 22:50:45 -07:00
Gleb Natapov 29ce831000 rcu: provide rcu_virt_note_context_switch() function.
Provide rcu_virt_note_context_switch() for vitalization use to note
quiescent state during guest entry.

Signed-off-by: Gleb Natapov <gleb@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-05-05 23:16:59 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney bad6e1393c rcu: get rid of signed overflow in check_cpu_stall()
Signed integer overflow is undefined by the C standard, so move
calculations to unsigned.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-05-05 23:16:59 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 2655d57ef3 rcu: prevent call_rcu() from diving into rcu core if irqs disabled
This commit marks a first step towards making call_rcu() have
real-time behavior.  If irqs are disabled, don't dive into the
RCU core.  Later on, this new early exit will wake up the
per-CPU kthread, which first must be modified to handle the
cases involving callback storms.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
2011-05-05 23:16:59 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney baa1ae0c9f rcu: further lower priority in rcu_yield()
Although rcu_yield() dropped from real-time to normal priority, there
is always the possibility that the competing tasks have been niced.
So nice to 19 in rcu_yield() to help ensure that other tasks have a
better chance of running.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
2011-05-05 23:16:59 -07:00
Lai Jiangshan 9ab1544eb4 rcu: introduce kfree_rcu()
Many rcu callbacks functions just call kfree() on the base structure.
These functions are trivial, but their size adds up, and furthermore
when they are used in a kernel module, that module must invoke the
high-latency rcu_barrier() function at module-unload time.

The kfree_rcu() function introduced by this commit addresses this issue.
Rather than encoding a function address in the embedded rcu_head
structure, kfree_rcu() instead encodes the offset of the rcu_head
structure within the base structure.  Because the functions are not
allowed in the low-order 4096 bytes of kernel virtual memory, offsets
up to 4095 bytes can be accommodated.  If the offset is larger than
4095 bytes, a compile-time error will be generated in __kfree_rcu().
If this error is triggered, you can either fall back to use of call_rcu()
or rearrange the structure to position the rcu_head structure into the
first 4096 bytes.

Note that the allowable offset might decrease in the future, for example,
to allow something like kmem_cache_free_rcu().

The new kfree_rcu() function can replace code as follows:

	call_rcu(&p->rcu, simple_kfree_callback);

where "simple_kfree_callback()" might be defined as follows:

	void simple_kfree_callback(struct rcu_head *p)
	{
		struct foo *q = container_of(p, struct foo, rcu);

		kfree(q);
	}

with the following:

	kfree_rcu(&p->rcu, rcu);

Note that the "rcu" is the name of a field in the structure being
freed.  The reason for using this rather than passing in a pointer
to the base structure is that the above approach allows better type
checking.

This commit is based on earlier work by Lai Jiangshan and Manfred Spraul:

Lai's V1 patch: http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/9/18/1
Manfred's patch: http://lkml.org/lkml/2009/1/2/115

Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
2011-05-05 23:16:59 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 6cc68793e3 rcu: fix spelling
The "preemptible" spelling is preferable.  May as well fix it.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
2011-05-05 23:16:59 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney f0a07aeaf8 rcu: Switch to this_cpu() primitives
This removes a couple of lines from invoke_rcu_cpu_kthread(), improving
readability.

Reported-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
2011-05-05 23:16:57 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 5ece5bab3e rcu: Add forward-progress diagnostic for per-CPU kthreads
Increment a per-CPU counter on each pass through rcu_cpu_kthread()'s
service loop, and add it to the rcudata trace output.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
2011-05-05 23:16:57 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 15ba0ba860 rcu: add grace-period age and more kthread state to tracing
This commit adds the age in jiffies of the current grace period along
with the duration in jiffies of the longest grace period since boot
to the rcu/rcugp debugfs file.  It also adds an additional "O" state
to kthread tracing to differentiate between the kthread waiting due to
having nothing to do on the one hand and waiting due to being on the
wrong CPU on the other hand.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-05-05 23:16:56 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 4a29865689 rcu: make rcutorture version numbers available through debugfs
It is not possible to accurately correlate rcutorture output with that
of debugfs.  This patch therefore adds a debugfs file that prints out
the rcutorture version number, permitting easy correlation.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
2011-05-05 23:16:56 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney d71df90ead rcu: add tracing for RCU's kthread run states.
Add tracing to help debugging situations when RCU's kthreads are not
running but are supposed to be.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
2011-05-05 23:16:56 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney e3995a25fa rcu: put per-CPU kthread at non-RT priority during CPU hotplug operations
If you are doing CPU hotplug operations, it is best not to have
CPU-bound realtime tasks running CPU-bound on the outgoing CPU.
So this commit makes per-CPU kthreads run at non-realtime priority
during that time.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
2011-05-05 23:16:55 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 0f962a5e72 rcu: Force per-rcu_node kthreads off of the outgoing CPU
The scheduler has had some heartburn in the past when too many real-time
kthreads were affinitied to the outgoing CPU.  So, this commit lightens
the load by forcing the per-rcu_node and the boost kthreads off of the
outgoing CPU.  Note that RCU's per-CPU kthread remains on the outgoing
CPU until the bitter end, as it must in order to preserve correctness.

Also avoid disabling hardirqs across calls to set_cpus_allowed_ptr(),
given that this function can block.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2011-05-05 23:16:55 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 27f4d28057 rcu: priority boosting for TREE_PREEMPT_RCU
Add priority boosting for TREE_PREEMPT_RCU, similar to that for
TINY_PREEMPT_RCU.  This is enabled by the default-off RCU_BOOST
kernel parameter.  The priority to which to boost preempted
RCU readers is controlled by the RCU_BOOST_PRIO kernel parameter
(defaulting to real-time priority 1) and the time to wait before
boosting the readers who are blocking a given grace period is
controlled by the RCU_BOOST_DELAY kernel parameter (defaulting to
500 milliseconds).

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
2011-05-05 23:16:55 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney a26ac2455f rcu: move TREE_RCU from softirq to kthread
If RCU priority boosting is to be meaningful, callback invocation must
be boosted in addition to preempted RCU readers.  Otherwise, in presence
of CPU real-time threads, the grace period ends, but the callbacks don't
get invoked.  If the callbacks don't get invoked, the associated memory
doesn't get freed, so the system is still subject to OOM.

But it is not reasonable to priority-boost RCU_SOFTIRQ, so this commit
moves the callback invocations to a kthread, which can be boosted easily.

Also add comments and properly synchronized all accesses to
rcu_cpu_kthread_task, as suggested by Lai Jiangshan.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
2011-05-05 23:16:54 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 12f5f524ca rcu: merge TREE_PREEPT_RCU blocked_tasks[] lists
Combine the current TREE_PREEMPT_RCU ->blocked_tasks[] lists in the
rcu_node structure into a single ->blkd_tasks list with ->gp_tasks
and ->exp_tasks tail pointers.  This is in preparation for RCU priority
boosting, which will add a third dimension to the combinatorial explosion
in the ->blocked_tasks[] case, but simply a third pointer in the new
->blkd_tasks case.

Also update documentation to reflect blocked_tasks[] merge

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
2011-05-05 23:16:54 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney e59fb3120b rcu: Decrease memory-barrier usage based on semi-formal proof
Commit d09b62d fixed grace-period synchronization, but left some smp_mb()
invocations in rcu_process_callbacks() that are no longer needed, but
sheer paranoia prevented them from being removed.  This commit removes
them and provides a proof of correctness in their absence.  It also adds
a memory barrier to rcu_report_qs_rsp() immediately before the update to
rsp->completed in order to handle the theoretical possibility that the
compiler or CPU might move massive quantities of code into a lock-based
critical section.  This also proves that the sheer paranoia was not
entirely unjustified, at least from a theoretical point of view.

In addition, the old dyntick-idle synchronization depended on the fact
that grace periods were many milliseconds in duration, so that it could
be assumed that no dyntick-idle CPU could reorder a memory reference
across an entire grace period.  Unfortunately for this design, the
addition of expedited grace periods breaks this assumption, which has
the unfortunate side-effect of requiring atomic operations in the
functions that track dyntick-idle state for RCU.  (There is some hope
that the algorithms used in user-level RCU might be applied here, but
some work is required to handle the NMIs that user-space applications
can happily ignore.  For the short term, better safe than sorry.)

This proof assumes that neither compiler nor CPU will allow a lock
acquisition and release to be reordered, as doing so can result in
deadlock.  The proof is as follows:

1.	A given CPU declares a quiescent state under the protection of
	its leaf rcu_node's lock.

2.	If there is more than one level of rcu_node hierarchy, the
	last CPU to declare a quiescent state will also acquire the
	->lock of the next rcu_node up in the hierarchy,  but only
	after releasing the lower level's lock.  The acquisition of this
	lock clearly cannot occur prior to the acquisition of the leaf
	node's lock.

3.	Step 2 repeats until we reach the root rcu_node structure.
	Please note again that only one lock is held at a time through
	this process.  The acquisition of the root rcu_node's ->lock
	must occur after the release of that of the leaf rcu_node.

4.	At this point, we set the ->completed field in the rcu_state
	structure in rcu_report_qs_rsp().  However, if the rcu_node
	hierarchy contains only one rcu_node, then in theory the code
	preceding the quiescent state could leak into the critical
	section.  We therefore precede the update of ->completed with a
	memory barrier.  All CPUs will therefore agree that any updates
	preceding any report of a quiescent state will have happened
	before the update of ->completed.

5.	Regardless of whether a new grace period is needed, rcu_start_gp()
	will propagate the new value of ->completed to all of the leaf
	rcu_node structures, under the protection of each rcu_node's ->lock.
	If a new grace period is needed immediately, this propagation
	will occur in the same critical section that ->completed was
	set in, but courtesy of the memory barrier in #4 above, is still
	seen to follow any pre-quiescent-state activity.

6.	When a given CPU invokes __rcu_process_gp_end(), it becomes
	aware of the end of the old grace period and therefore makes
	any RCU callbacks that were waiting on that grace period eligible
	for invocation.

	If this CPU is the same one that detected the end of the grace
	period, and if there is but a single rcu_node in the hierarchy,
	we will still be in the single critical section.  In this case,
	the memory barrier in step #4 guarantees that all callbacks will
	be seen to execute after each CPU's quiescent state.

	On the other hand, if this is a different CPU, it will acquire
	the leaf rcu_node's ->lock, and will again be serialized after
	each CPU's quiescent state for the old grace period.

On the strength of this proof, this commit therefore removes the memory
barriers from rcu_process_callbacks() and adds one to rcu_report_qs_rsp().
The effect is to reduce the number of memory barriers by one and to
reduce the frequency of execution from about once per scheduling tick
per CPU to once per grace period.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
2011-05-05 23:16:54 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney a00e0d714f rcu: Remove conditional compilation for RCU CPU stall warnings
The RCU CPU stall warnings can now be controlled using the
rcu_cpu_stall_suppress boot-time parameter or via the same parameter
from sysfs.  There is therefore no longer any reason to have
kernel config parameters for this feature.  This commit therefore
removes the RCU_CPU_STALL_DETECTOR and RCU_CPU_STALL_DETECTOR_RUNNABLE
kernel config parameters.  The RCU_CPU_STALL_TIMEOUT parameter remains
to allow the timeout to be tuned and the RCU_CPU_STALL_VERBOSE parameter
remains to allow task-stall information to be suppressed if desired.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
2011-05-05 23:16:54 -07:00
Linus Torvalds 72eb6a7914 Merge branch 'for-2.6.38' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu
* 'for-2.6.38' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu: (30 commits)
  gameport: use this_cpu_read instead of lookup
  x86: udelay: Use this_cpu_read to avoid address calculation
  x86: Use this_cpu_inc_return for nmi counter
  x86: Replace uses of current_cpu_data with this_cpu ops
  x86: Use this_cpu_ops to optimize code
  vmstat: User per cpu atomics to avoid interrupt disable / enable
  irq_work: Use per cpu atomics instead of regular atomics
  cpuops: Use cmpxchg for xchg to avoid lock semantics
  x86: this_cpu_cmpxchg and this_cpu_xchg operations
  percpu: Generic this_cpu_cmpxchg() and this_cpu_xchg support
  percpu,x86: relocate this_cpu_add_return() and friends
  connector: Use this_cpu operations
  xen: Use this_cpu_inc_return
  taskstats: Use this_cpu_ops
  random: Use this_cpu_inc_return
  fs: Use this_cpu_inc_return in buffer.c
  highmem: Use this_cpu_xx_return() operations
  vmstat: Use this_cpu_inc_return for vm statistics
  x86: Support for this_cpu_add, sub, dec, inc_return
  percpu: Generic support for this_cpu_add, sub, dec, inc_return
  ...

Fixed up conflicts: in arch/x86/kernel/{apic/nmi.c, apic/x2apic_uv_x.c, process.c}
as per Tejun.
2011-01-07 17:02:58 -08:00
Paul E. McKenney b52573d279 rcu: reduce __call_rcu()-induced contention on rcu_node structures
When the current __call_rcu() function was written, the expedited
APIs did not exist.  The __call_rcu() implementation therefore went
to great lengths to detect the end of old grace periods and to start
new ones, all in the name of reducing grace-period latency.  Now the
expedited APIs do exist, and the usage of __call_rcu() has increased
considerably.  This commit therefore causes __call_rcu() to avoid
worrying about grace periods unless there are a large number of
RCU callbacks stacked up on the current CPU.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-12-17 12:34:49 -08:00
Paul E. McKenney 0209f6490b rcu: limit rcu_node leaf-level fanout
Some recent benchmarks have indicated possible lock contention on the
leaf-level rcu_node locks.  This commit therefore limits the number of
CPUs per leaf-level rcu_node structure to 16, in other words, there
can be at most 16 rcu_data structures fanning into a given rcu_node
structure.  Prior to this, the limit was 32 on 32-bit systems and 64 on
64-bit systems.

Note that the fanout of non-leaf rcu_node structures is unchanged.  The
organization of accesses to the rcu_node tree is such that references
to non-leaf rcu_node structures are much less frequent than to the
leaf structures.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-12-17 12:34:20 -08:00
Paul E. McKenney 121dfc4b3e rcu: fine-tune grace-period begin/end checks
Use the CPU's bit in rnp->qsmask to determine whether or not the CPU
should try to report a quiescent state.  Handle overflow in the check
for rdp->gpnum having fallen behind.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-12-17 12:34:20 -08:00
Frederic Weisbecker 5ff8e6f053 rcu: Keep gpnum and completed fields synchronized
When a CPU that was in an extended quiescent state wakes
up and catches up with grace periods that remote CPUs
completed on its behalf, we update the completed field
but not the gpnum that keeps a stale value of a backward
grace period ID.

Later, note_new_gpnum() will interpret the shift between
the local CPU and the node grace period ID as some new grace
period to handle and will then start to hunt quiescent state.

But if every grace periods have already been completed, this
interpretation becomes broken. And we'll be stuck in clusters
of spurious softirqs because rcu_report_qs_rdp() will make
this broken state run into infinite loop.

The solution, as suggested by Lai Jiangshan, is to ensure that
the gpnum and completed fields are well synchronized when we catch
up with completed grace periods on their behalf by other cpus.
This way we won't start noting spurious new grace periods.

Suggested-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-12-17 12:34:19 -08:00
Frederic Weisbecker 20377f32dc rcu: Stop chasing QS if another CPU did it for us
When a CPU is idle and others CPUs handled its extended
quiescent state to complete grace periods on its behalf,
it will catch up with completed grace periods numbers
when it wakes up.

But at this point there might be no more grace period to
complete, but still the woken CPU always keeps its stale
qs_pending value and will then continue to chase quiescent
states even if its not needed anymore.

This results in clusters of spurious softirqs until a new
real grace period is started. Because if we continue to
chase quiescent states but we have completed every grace
periods, rcu_report_qs_rdp() is puzzled and makes that
state run into infinite loops.

As suggested by Lai Jiangshan, just reset qs_pending if
someone completed every grace periods on our behalf.

Suggested-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-12-17 12:34:18 -08:00
Christoph Lameter 909ea96468 core: Replace __get_cpu_var with __this_cpu_read if not used for an address.
__get_cpu_var() can be replaced with this_cpu_read and will then use a
single read instruction with implied address calculation to access the
correct per cpu instance.

However, the address of a per cpu variable passed to __this_cpu_read()
cannot be determined (since it's an implied address conversion through
segment prefixes).  Therefore apply this only to uses of __get_cpu_var
where the address of the variable is not used.

Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2010-12-17 15:07:19 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney 2d999e03b7 rcu: update documentation/comments for Lai's adoption patch
Lai's RCU-callback immediate-adoption patch changes the RCU tracing
output, so update tracing.txt.  Also update a few comments to clarify
the synchronization design.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-11-29 22:01:59 -08:00
Lai Jiangshan 29494be71a rcu,cleanup: simplify the code when cpu is dying
When we handle the CPU_DYING notifier, the whole system is stopped except
for the current CPU.  We therefore need no synchronization with the other
CPUs.  This allows us to move any orphaned RCU callbacks directly to the
list of any online CPU without needing to run them through the global
orphan lists.  These global orphan lists can therefore be dispensed with.
This commit makes thes changes, though currently victimizes CPU 0 @@@.

Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-11-29 22:01:58 -08:00
Dongdong Deng 4ee0a60392 rcu: using ACCESS_ONCE() to observe the jiffies_stall/rnp->qsmask value
Using ACCESS_ONCE() to observe the jiffies_stall/rnp->qsmask value
due to the caller didn't hold the root_rcu/rnp node's lock.  Although
use without ACCESS_ONCE() is safe due to the value loaded being used
but once, the ACCESS_ONCE() is a good documentation aid -- the variables
are being loaded without the services of a lock.

Signed-off-by: Dongdong Deng <dongdong.deng@windriver.com>
CC: Dipankar Sarma <dipankar@in.ibm.com>
CC: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-10-07 10:41:06 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 269dcc1c2e rcu: Add tracing data to support queueing models
The current tracing data is not sufficient to deduce the average time
that a callback spends waiting for a grace period to end.  Add three
per-CPU counters recording the number of callbacks invoked (ci), the
number of callbacks orphaned (co), and the number of callbacks adopted
(ca).  Given the existing callback queue length (ql), the average wait
time in absence of CPU hotplug operations is ql/ci.  The units of wait
time will be in terms of the duration over which ci was measured.

In the presence of CPU hotplug operations, there is room for argument,
but ql/(ci-co+ca) won't steer you too far wrong.

Also fixes a typo called out by Lucas De Marchi <lucas.de.marchi@gmail.com>.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-09-23 09:16:53 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 53d84e004d rcu: permit suppressing current grace period's CPU stall warnings
When using a kernel debugger, a long sojourn in the debugger can get
you lots of RCU CPU stall warnings once you resume.  This might not be
helpful, especially if you are using the system console.  This patch
therefore allows RCU CPU stall warnings to be suppressed, but only for
the duration of the current set of grace periods.

This differs from Jason's original patch in that it adds support for
tiny RCU and preemptible RCU, and uses a slightly different method for
suppressing the RCU CPU stall warning messages.

Signed-off-by: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
2010-08-20 09:00:12 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 8cdd32a918 rcu: refer RCU CPU stall-warning victims to stallwarn.txt
There is some documentation on RCU CPU stall warnings contained in
Documentation/RCU/stallwarn.txt, but it will not be apparent to someone
who runs into such a warning while under time pressure.  This commit
therefore adds comments preceding the printk()s pointing out the
location of this documentation.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-08-20 09:00:11 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 910b1b7e19 rcu: Allow RCU CPU stall warnings to be off at boot, but manually enablable
Currently, if RCU CPU stall warnings are enabled, they are enabled
immediately upon boot.  They can be manually disabled via /sys (and
also re-enabled via /sys), and are automatically disabled upon panic.
However, some users need RCU CPU stalls to be disabled at boot time,
but to be enabled without rebuilding/rebooting.  For example, someone
running a real-time application in production might not want the
additional latency of RCU CPU stall detection in normal operation, but
might need to enable it at any point for fault isolation purposes.

This commit therefore provides a new CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_DETECTOR_RUNNABLE
kernel configuration parameter that maintains the current behavior
(enable at boot) by default, but allows a kernel to be configured
with RCU CPU stall detection built into the kernel, but disabled at
boot time.

Requested-by: Clark Williams <williams@redhat.com>
Requested-by: John Kacur <jkacur@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-08-19 17:18:04 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney f2e0dd7090 rcu: allow RCU CPU stall warning messages to be controlled in /sys
Set the permissions of the rcu_cpu_stall_suppress to 644 to enable RCU
CPU stall warnings to be enabled and disabled at runtime via sysfs.

Suggested-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-08-19 17:18:03 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 742734eea0 rcu: add boot parameter to suppress RCU CPU stall warning messages
Although the RCU CPU stall warning messages are a very good way to alert
people to a problem, once alerted, it is sometimes helpful to shut them
off in order to avoid obscuring other messages that might be being used
to track down the problem.  Although you can rebuild the kernel with
CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_DETECTOR=n, this is sometimes inconvenient.  This
commit therefore adds a boot parameter named "rcu_cpu_stall_suppress"
that shuts these messages off without requiring a rebuild (though a
reboot might be needed for those not brave enough to patch their kernel
while it is running).

This message-suppression was already in place for the panic case, so this
commit need only rename the variable and export it via module_param().

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-08-19 17:18:02 -07:00
Lai Jiangshan 394f99a900 rcu: simplify the usage of percpu data
&percpu_data is compatible with allocated percpu data.

And we use it and remove the "->rda[NR_CPUS]" array, saving significant
storage on systems with large numbers of CPUs.  This does add an additional
level of indirection and thus an additional cache line referenced, but
because ->rda is not used on the read side, this is OK.

Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
2010-08-19 17:18:01 -07:00
Mathieu Desnoyers 551d55a944 tree/tiny rcu: Add debug RCU head objects
Helps finding racy users of call_rcu(), which results in hangs because list
entries are overwritten and/or skipped.

Changelog since v4:
- Bissectability is now OK
- Now generate a WARN_ON_ONCE() for non-initialized rcu_head passed to
  call_rcu(). Statically initialized objects are detected with
  object_is_static().
- Rename rcu_head_init_on_stack to init_rcu_head_on_stack.
- Remove init_rcu_head() completely.

Changelog since v3:
- Include comments from Lai Jiangshan

This new patch version is based on the debugobjects with the newly introduced
"active state" tracker.

Non-initialized entries are all considered as "statically initialized". An
activation fixup (triggered by call_rcu()) takes care of performing the debug
object initialization without issuing any warning. Since we cannot increase the
size of struct rcu_head, I don't see much room to put an identifier for
statically initialized rcu_head structures. So for now, we have to live without
"activation without explicit init" detection. But the main purpose of this debug
option is to detect double-activations (double call_rcu() use of a rcu_head
before the callback is executed), which is correctly addressed here.

This also detects potential internal RCU callback corruption, which would cause
the callbacks to be executed twice.

Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
CC: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
CC: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
CC: akpm@linux-foundation.org
CC: mingo@elte.hu
CC: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
CC: dipankar@in.ibm.com
CC: josh@joshtriplett.org
CC: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
CC: niv@us.ibm.com
CC: tglx@linutronix.de
CC: peterz@infradead.org
CC: rostedt@goodmis.org
CC: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
CC: dhowells@redhat.com
CC: eric.dumazet@gmail.com
CC: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
2010-06-14 16:37:26 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 72d5a9f7a9 rcu: remove all rcu head initializations, except on_stack initializations
Remove all rcu head inits. We don't care about the RCU head state before passing
it to call_rcu() anyway. Only leave the "on_stack" variants so debugobjects can
keep track of objects on stack.

Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-05-11 16:10:47 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney d21670acab rcu: reduce the number of spurious RCU_SOFTIRQ invocations
Lai Jiangshan noted that up to 10% of the RCU_SOFTIRQ are spurious, and
traced this down to the fact that the current grace-period machinery
will uselessly raise RCU_SOFTIRQ when a given CPU needs to go through
a quiescent state, but has not yet done so.  In this situation, there
might well be nothing that RCU_SOFTIRQ can do, and the overhead can be
worth worrying about in the ksoftirqd case.  This patch therefore avoids
raising RCU_SOFTIRQ in this situation.

Changes since v1 (http://lkml.org/lkml/2010/3/30/122 from Lai Jiangshan):

o	Omit the rcu_qs_pending() prechecks, as they aren't that
	much less expensive than the quiescent-state checks.

o	Merge with the set_need_resched() patch that reduces IPIs.

o	Add the new n_rp_report_qs field to the rcu_pending tracing output.

o	Update the tracing documentation accordingly.

Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-05-10 11:08:35 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 4a90a0681c rcu: permit discontiguous cpu_possible_mask CPU numbering
TREE_RCU assumes that CPU numbering is contiguous, but some users need
large holes in the numbering to better map to hardware layout.  This patch
makes TREE_RCU (and TREE_PREEMPT_RCU) tolerate large holes in the CPU
numbering.  However, NR_CPUS must still be greater than the largest
CPU number.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-05-10 11:08:35 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 4300aa642c rcu: improve RCU CPU stall-warning messages
The existing RCU CPU stall-warning messages can be confusing, especially
in the case where one CPU detects a single other stalled CPU.  In addition,
the console messages did not say which flavor of RCU detected the stall,
which can make it difficult to work out exactly what is causing the stall.
This commit improves these messages.

Requested-by: Dhaval Giani <dhaval.giani@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-05-10 11:08:34 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 26845c2860 rcu: print boot-time console messages if RCU configs out of ordinary
Print boot-time messages if tracing is enabled, if fanout is set
to non-default values, if exact fanout is specified, if accelerated
dyntick-idle grace periods have been enabled, if RCU-lockdep is enabled,
if rcutorture has been boot-time enabled, if the CPU stall detector has
been disabled, or if four-level hierarchy has been enabled.

This is all for TREE_RCU and TREE_PREEMPT_RCU.  TINY_RCU will be handled
separately, if at all.

Suggested-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-05-10 11:08:34 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney c68de2097a rcu: disable CPU stall warnings upon panic
The current RCU CPU stall warnings remain enabled even after a panic
occurs, which some people have found to be a bit counterproductive.
This patch therefore uses a notifier to disable stall warnings once a
panic occurs.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-05-10 11:08:34 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney bbad937983 rcu: slim down rcutiny by removing rcu_scheduler_active and friends
TINY_RCU does not need rcu_scheduler_active unless CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC.
So conditionally compile rcu_scheduler_active in order to slim down
rcutiny a bit more.  Also gets rid of an EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL, which is
responsible for most of the slimming.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-05-10 11:08:34 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney 25502a6c13 rcu: refactor RCU's context-switch handling
The addition of preemptible RCU to treercu resulted in a bit of
confusion and inefficiency surrounding the handling of context switches
for RCU-sched and for RCU-preempt.  For RCU-sched, a context switch
is a quiescent state, pure and simple, just like it always has been.
For RCU-preempt, a context switch is in no way a quiescent state, but
special handling is required when a task blocks in an RCU read-side
critical section.

However, the callout from the scheduler and the outer loop in ksoftirqd
still calls something named rcu_sched_qs(), whose name is no longer
accurate.  Furthermore, when rcu_check_callbacks() notes an RCU-sched
quiescent state, it ends up unnecessarily (though harmlessly, aside
from the performance hit) enqueuing the current task if it happens to
be running in an RCU-preempt read-side critical section.  This not only
increases the maximum latency of scheduler_tick(), it also needlessly
increases the overhead of the next outermost rcu_read_unlock() invocation.

This patch addresses this situation by separating the notion of RCU's
context-switch handling from that of RCU-sched's quiescent states.
The context-switch handling is covered by rcu_note_context_switch() in
general and by rcu_preempt_note_context_switch() for preemptible RCU.
This permits rcu_sched_qs() to handle quiescent states and only quiescent
states.  It also reduces the maximum latency of scheduler_tick(), though
probably by much less than a microsecond.  Finally, it means that tasks
within preemptible-RCU read-side critical sections avoid incurring the
overhead of queuing unless there really is a context switch.

Suggested-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
2010-05-10 11:08:33 -07:00
Lai Jiangshan 0c34029abd rcu: move some code from macro to function
Shrink the RCU_INIT_FLAVOR() macro by moving all but the initialization
of the ->rda[] array to rcu_init_one().  The call to rcu_init_one()
can then be moved to the end of the RCU_INIT_FLAVOR() macro, which is
required because rcu_boot_init_percpu_data(), which is now called from
rcu_init_one(), depends on the initialization of the ->rda[] array.

Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-05-10 11:08:31 -07:00
Lai Jiangshan f261414f0d rcu: make dead code really dead
cleanup: make dead code really dead

Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-05-10 11:08:31 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney d25eb9442b rcu: substitute set_need_resched for sending resched IPIs
This patch adds a check to __rcu_pending() that does a local
set_need_resched() if the current CPU is holding up the current grace
period and if force_quiescent_state() will be called soon.  The goal is
to reduce the probability that force_quiescent_state() will need to do
smp_send_reschedule(), which sends an IPI and is therefore more expensive
on most architectures.

Signed-off-by: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2010-05-10 11:08:31 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney a47cd880b5 rcu: Fix accelerated grace periods for last non-dynticked CPU
It is invalid to invoke __rcu_process_callbacks() with irqs
disabled, so do it indirectly via raise_softirq().  This
requires a state-machine implementation to cycle through the
grace-period machinery the required number of times.

Located-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <1267231138-27856-1-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-02-27 09:53:52 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney d9f1bb6ad7 rcu: Make rcu_read_lock_sched_held() take boot time into account
Before the scheduler starts, all tasks are non-preemptible by
definition. So, during that time, rcu_read_lock_sched_held()
needs to always return "true".  This patch makes that be so.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <1267135607-7056-2-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-02-26 08:20:46 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney 1ed509a225 rcu: Add RCU_CPU_STALL_VERBOSE to dump detailed per-task information
When RCU detects a grace-period stall, it currently just prints
out the PID of any tasks doing the stalling.  This patch adds
RCU_CPU_STALL_VERBOSE, which enables the more-verbose reporting
from sched_show_task().

Suggested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <1266887105-1528-21-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-02-25 10:35:02 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney 3acd9eb31c rcu: Fix deadlock in TREE_PREEMPT_RCU CPU stall detection
Under TREE_PREEMPT_RCU, print_other_cpu_stall() invokes
rcu_print_task_stall() with the root rcu_node structure's ->lock
held, and rcu_print_task_stall() acquires that same lock for
self-deadlock. Fix this by removing the lock acquisition from
rcu_print_task_stall(), and making all callers acquire the lock
instead.

Tested-by: John Kacur <jkacur@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Located-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <1266887105-1528-19-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-02-25 10:34:59 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney 1304afb225 rcu: Convert to raw_spinlocks
The spinlocks in rcutree need to be real spinlocks in
preempt-rt. Convert them to raw_spinlocks.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <1266887105-1528-18-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-02-25 10:34:58 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney 20133cfce7 rcu: Stop overflowing signed integers
The C standard does not specify the result of an operation that
overflows a signed integer, so such operations need to be
avoided.  This patch changes the type of several fields from
"long" to "unsigned long" and adjusts operations as needed.
ULONG_CMP_GE() and ULONG_CMP_LT() macros are introduced to do
the modular comparisons that are appropriate given that overflow
is an expected event.

Acked-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <1266887105-1528-17-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-02-25 10:34:57 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney 8bd93a2c5d rcu: Accelerate grace period if last non-dynticked CPU
Currently, rcu_needs_cpu() simply checks whether the current CPU
has an outstanding RCU callback, which means that the last CPU
to go into dyntick-idle mode might wait a few ticks for the
relevant grace periods to complete.  However, if all the other
CPUs are in dyntick-idle mode, and if this CPU is in a quiescent
state (which it is for RCU-bh and RCU-sched any time that we are
considering going into dyntick-idle mode), then the grace period
is instantly complete.

This patch therefore repeatedly invokes the RCU grace-period
machinery in order to force any needed grace periods to complete
quickly.  It does so a limited number of times in order to
prevent starvation by an RCU callback function that might pass
itself to call_rcu().

However, if any CPU other than the current one is not in
dyntick-idle mode, fall back to simply checking (with fix to bug
noted by Lai Jiangshan).  Also, take advantage of last
grace-period forcing, the opportunity to do so noted by Steve
Rostedt.  And apply simplified #ifdef condition suggested by
Frederic Weisbecker.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <1266887105-1528-15-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-02-25 10:34:55 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney 017c426138 rcu: Fix sparse warnings
Rename local variable "i" in rcu_init() to avoid conflict with
RCU_INIT_FLAVOR(), restrict the scope of RCU_TREE_NONCORE, and
make __synchronize_srcu() static.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <12635142581560-git-send-email->
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-01-16 10:25:22 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney b6407e8639 rcu: Give different levels of the rcu_node hierarchy distinct lockdep names
Previously, each level of the rcu_node hierarchy had the same
rather unimaginative name: "&rcu_node_class[i]".  This makes
lockdep diagnostics involving these lockdep classes less helpful
than would be nice. This patch fixes this by giving each level
of the rcu_node hierarchy a distinct name: "rcu_node_level_0",
"rcu_node_level_1", and so on. This version of the patch
includes improved diagnostics suggested by Josh Triplett and
Peter Zijlstra.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <12626498421830-git-send-email->
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-01-13 09:06:07 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney bf66f18e79 rcu: Add force_quiescent_state() testing to rcutorture
Add force_quiescent_state() testing to rcutorture, with a
separate thread that repeatedly invokes force_quiescent_state()
in bursts. This can greatly increase the probability of
encountering certain types of race conditions.

Suggested-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <1262646551116-git-send-email->
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-01-13 09:06:05 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney 46a1e34eda rcu: Make force_quiescent_state() start grace period if needed
Grace periods cannot be started while force_quiescent_state() is
active.  This is OK in that the affected CPUs will try again
later, but it does induce needless grace-period delays.  This
patch causes rcu_start_gp() to record a failed attempt to start
a grace period. When force_quiescent_state() prepares to return,
it then starts the grace period if there was such a failed
attempt.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <12626465501854-git-send-email->
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-01-13 09:06:05 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney 45f014c52e rcu: Remove redundant grace-period check
The rcu_process_dyntick() function checks twice for the end of
the current grace period.  However, it holds the current
rcu_node structure's ->lock field throughout, and doesn't get to
the second call to rcu_gp_in_progress() unless there is at least
one CPU corresponding to this rcu_node structure that has not
yet checked in for the current grace period, which would prevent
the current grace period from ending. So the current grace
period cannot have ended, and the second check is redundant, so
remove it.

Also, given that this function is used even with !CONFIG_NO_HZ,
its name is quite misleading.  Change from rcu_process_dyntick()
to force_qs_rnp().

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <1262646550562-git-send-email->
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-01-13 09:06:04 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney ee47eb9f4d rcu: Remove leg of force_quiescent_state() switch statement
The comparisons of rsp->gpnum nad rsp->completed in
rcu_process_dyntick() and force_quiescent_state() can be
replaced by the much more clear rcu_gp_in_progress() predicate
function.  After doing this, it becomes clear that the
RCU_SAVE_COMPLETED leg of the force_quiescent_state() function's
switch statement is almost completely a no-op.  A small change
to the RCU_SAVE_DYNTICK leg renders it a complete no-op, after
which it can be removed.  Doing so also eliminates the forcenow
local variable from force_quiescent_state().

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <12626465501781-git-send-email->
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-01-13 09:06:04 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney 0f10dc8266 rcu: Eliminate rcu_process_dyntick() return value
Because a new grace period cannot start while we are executing
within the force_quiescent_state() function's switch statement,
if any test within that switch statement or within any function
called from that switch statement shows that the current grace
period has ended, we can safely re-do that test any time before
we leave the switch statement.  This means that we no longer
need a return value from rcu_process_dyntick(), as we can simply
invoke rcu_gp_in_progress() to check whether the old grace
period has finished -- there is no longer any need to worry
about whether or not a new grace period has been started.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <12626465501857-git-send-email->
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-01-13 09:06:03 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney eb1ba45f1e rcu: Eliminate second argument of rcu_process_dyntick()
At this point, the second argument to all calls to
rcu_process_dyntick() is a function of the same field of the
structure passed in as the first argument, namely, rsp->gpnum-1.
 So propagate rsp->gpnum-1 to all uses of the second argument
within rcu_process_dyntick() and then eliminate the second
argument.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <12626465503786-git-send-email->
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-01-13 09:06:03 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney 39c0bbfc07 rcu: Eliminate local variable lastcomp from force_quiescent_state()
Because rsp->fqs_active is set to 1 across
force_quiescent_state()'s switch statement, rcu_start_gp() will
refrain from starting a new grace period during this time.
Therefore, rsp->gpnum is constant, and can be propagated to all
uses of lastcomp, eliminating this local variable.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <12626465502985-git-send-email->
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-01-13 09:06:03 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney f3a8b5c6aa rcu: Eliminate local variable signaled from force_quiescent_state()
Because the root rcu_node lock is held across entry to the
switch statement in force_quiescent_state(), it is no longer
necessary to snapshot rsp->signaled to a local variable.
Eliminate both the snapshotting and the local variable.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <1262646550602-git-send-email->
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-01-13 09:06:02 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney 07079d5357 rcu: Prohibit starting new grace periods while forcing quiescent states
Reduce the number and variety of race conditions by prohibiting
the start of a new grace period while force_quiescent_state() is
active. A new fqs_active flag in the rcu_state structure is used
to trace whether or not force_quiescent_state() is active, and
this new flag is tested by rcu_start_gp().  If the CPU that
closed out the last grace period needs another grace period,
this new grace period may be delayed up to one scheduling-clock
tick, but it will eventually get started.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <126264655052-git-send-email->
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-01-13 09:06:02 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney 559569acf9 rcu: Adjust force_quiescent_state() locking, step 2
This patch releases rnp->lock after the end of
force_quiescent_state()'s switch statement.  This is a second
step towards prohibiting starting grace periods while
force_quiescent_state() is executing, which will reduce the
number and complexity of races that force_quiescent_state() is
involved in.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <12626465501994-git-send-email->
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-01-13 09:06:01 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney f96e9232e0 rcu: Adjust force_quiescent_state() locking, step 1
This causes rnp->lock to be held on entry to
force_quiescent_state()'s switch statement.  This is a first
step towards prohibiting starting grace periods while
force_quiescent_state() is executing, which will reduce the
number and complexity of races that force_quiescent_state() is
involved in.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <12626465501455-git-send-email->
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2010-01-13 09:06:01 +01:00