qemu-e2k/docs/tools/qemu-nbd.rst

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qemu-nbd: Convert invocation documentation to rST The qemu-nbd documentation is currently in qemu-nbd.texi in Texinfo format, which we present to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * a section of the main qemu-doc HTML documentation Convert the documentation to rST format, and present it to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * part of the interop/ Sphinx manual This follows the same pattern as commit 27a296fce982 did for the qemu-ga manpage. All the content of the old manpage is retained, except that I have dropped the "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty..." text that was in the old AUTHOR section; Sphinx's manpage builder doesn't expect that much text in the AUTHOR section, and since none of our other manpages have it it seems easiest to delete it rather than try to figure out where else in the manpage to put it. The only other textual change is that I have had to give the --nocache option its own description ("Equivalent to --cache=none") because Sphinx doesn't have an equivalent of using item/itemx to share a description between two options. Some minor aspects of the formatting have changed, to suit what is easiest for Sphinx to output. (The most notable is that Sphinx option section option syntax doesn't support '--option foo=bar' with bar underlined rather than bold, so we have to switch to '--option foo=BAR' instead.) The contents of qemu-option-trace.texi are now duplicated in docs/interop/qemu-option-trace.rst.inc, until such time as we complete the conversion of the other files which use it; since it has had only 3 changes in 3 years, this shouldn't be too awkward a burden. (We use .rst.inc because if this file fragment has a .rst extension then Sphinx complains about not seeing it in a toctree.) Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Tested-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com> Message-id: 20200116141511.16849-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
2020-01-23 16:22:39 +01:00
QEMU Disk Network Block Device Server
=====================================
Synopsis
--------
**qemu-nbd** [*OPTION*]... *filename*
**qemu-nbd** -L [*OPTION*]...
**qemu-nbd** -d *dev*
Description
-----------
Export a QEMU disk image using the NBD protocol.
Other uses:
- Bind a /dev/nbdX block device to a QEMU server (on Linux).
- As a client to query exports of a remote NBD server.
Options
-------
.. program:: qemu-nbd
*filename* is a disk image filename, or a set of block
driver options if :option:`--image-opts` is specified.
qemu-nbd: Convert invocation documentation to rST The qemu-nbd documentation is currently in qemu-nbd.texi in Texinfo format, which we present to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * a section of the main qemu-doc HTML documentation Convert the documentation to rST format, and present it to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * part of the interop/ Sphinx manual This follows the same pattern as commit 27a296fce982 did for the qemu-ga manpage. All the content of the old manpage is retained, except that I have dropped the "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty..." text that was in the old AUTHOR section; Sphinx's manpage builder doesn't expect that much text in the AUTHOR section, and since none of our other manpages have it it seems easiest to delete it rather than try to figure out where else in the manpage to put it. The only other textual change is that I have had to give the --nocache option its own description ("Equivalent to --cache=none") because Sphinx doesn't have an equivalent of using item/itemx to share a description between two options. Some minor aspects of the formatting have changed, to suit what is easiest for Sphinx to output. (The most notable is that Sphinx option section option syntax doesn't support '--option foo=bar' with bar underlined rather than bold, so we have to switch to '--option foo=BAR' instead.) The contents of qemu-option-trace.texi are now duplicated in docs/interop/qemu-option-trace.rst.inc, until such time as we complete the conversion of the other files which use it; since it has had only 3 changes in 3 years, this shouldn't be too awkward a burden. (We use .rst.inc because if this file fragment has a .rst extension then Sphinx complains about not seeing it in a toctree.) Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Tested-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com> Message-id: 20200116141511.16849-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
2020-01-23 16:22:39 +01:00
*dev* is an NBD device.
.. option:: --object type,id=ID,...
qemu-nbd: Convert invocation documentation to rST The qemu-nbd documentation is currently in qemu-nbd.texi in Texinfo format, which we present to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * a section of the main qemu-doc HTML documentation Convert the documentation to rST format, and present it to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * part of the interop/ Sphinx manual This follows the same pattern as commit 27a296fce982 did for the qemu-ga manpage. All the content of the old manpage is retained, except that I have dropped the "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty..." text that was in the old AUTHOR section; Sphinx's manpage builder doesn't expect that much text in the AUTHOR section, and since none of our other manpages have it it seems easiest to delete it rather than try to figure out where else in the manpage to put it. The only other textual change is that I have had to give the --nocache option its own description ("Equivalent to --cache=none") because Sphinx doesn't have an equivalent of using item/itemx to share a description between two options. Some minor aspects of the formatting have changed, to suit what is easiest for Sphinx to output. (The most notable is that Sphinx option section option syntax doesn't support '--option foo=bar' with bar underlined rather than bold, so we have to switch to '--option foo=BAR' instead.) The contents of qemu-option-trace.texi are now duplicated in docs/interop/qemu-option-trace.rst.inc, until such time as we complete the conversion of the other files which use it; since it has had only 3 changes in 3 years, this shouldn't be too awkward a burden. (We use .rst.inc because if this file fragment has a .rst extension then Sphinx complains about not seeing it in a toctree.) Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Tested-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com> Message-id: 20200116141511.16849-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
2020-01-23 16:22:39 +01:00
Define a new instance of the *type* object class identified by *ID*.
See the :manpage:`qemu(1)` manual page for full details of the properties
supported. The common object types that it makes sense to define are the
``secret`` object, which is used to supply passwords and/or encryption
keys, and the ``tls-creds`` object, which is used to supply TLS
credentials for the ``qemu-nbd`` server or client.
qemu-nbd: Convert invocation documentation to rST The qemu-nbd documentation is currently in qemu-nbd.texi in Texinfo format, which we present to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * a section of the main qemu-doc HTML documentation Convert the documentation to rST format, and present it to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * part of the interop/ Sphinx manual This follows the same pattern as commit 27a296fce982 did for the qemu-ga manpage. All the content of the old manpage is retained, except that I have dropped the "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty..." text that was in the old AUTHOR section; Sphinx's manpage builder doesn't expect that much text in the AUTHOR section, and since none of our other manpages have it it seems easiest to delete it rather than try to figure out where else in the manpage to put it. The only other textual change is that I have had to give the --nocache option its own description ("Equivalent to --cache=none") because Sphinx doesn't have an equivalent of using item/itemx to share a description between two options. Some minor aspects of the formatting have changed, to suit what is easiest for Sphinx to output. (The most notable is that Sphinx option section option syntax doesn't support '--option foo=bar' with bar underlined rather than bold, so we have to switch to '--option foo=BAR' instead.) The contents of qemu-option-trace.texi are now duplicated in docs/interop/qemu-option-trace.rst.inc, until such time as we complete the conversion of the other files which use it; since it has had only 3 changes in 3 years, this shouldn't be too awkward a burden. (We use .rst.inc because if this file fragment has a .rst extension then Sphinx complains about not seeing it in a toctree.) Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Tested-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com> Message-id: 20200116141511.16849-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
2020-01-23 16:22:39 +01:00
.. option:: -p, --port=PORT
TCP port to listen on as a server, or connect to as a client
(default ``10809``).
.. option:: -o, --offset=OFFSET
The offset into the image.
.. option:: -b, --bind=IFACE
The interface to bind to as a server, or connect to as a client
(default ``0.0.0.0``).
.. option:: -k, --socket=PATH
Use a unix socket with path *PATH*.
.. option:: --image-opts
Treat *filename* as a set of image options, instead of a plain
filename. If this flag is specified, the ``-f`` flag should
not be used, instead the :option:`format=` option should be set.
.. option:: -f, --format=FMT
Force the use of the block driver for format *FMT* instead of
auto-detecting.
.. option:: -r, --read-only
Export the disk as read-only.
.. option:: -A, --allocation-depth
Expose allocation depth information via the
``qemu:allocation-depth`` metadata context accessible through
NBD_OPT_SET_META_CONTEXT.
qemu-nbd: Convert invocation documentation to rST The qemu-nbd documentation is currently in qemu-nbd.texi in Texinfo format, which we present to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * a section of the main qemu-doc HTML documentation Convert the documentation to rST format, and present it to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * part of the interop/ Sphinx manual This follows the same pattern as commit 27a296fce982 did for the qemu-ga manpage. All the content of the old manpage is retained, except that I have dropped the "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty..." text that was in the old AUTHOR section; Sphinx's manpage builder doesn't expect that much text in the AUTHOR section, and since none of our other manpages have it it seems easiest to delete it rather than try to figure out where else in the manpage to put it. The only other textual change is that I have had to give the --nocache option its own description ("Equivalent to --cache=none") because Sphinx doesn't have an equivalent of using item/itemx to share a description between two options. Some minor aspects of the formatting have changed, to suit what is easiest for Sphinx to output. (The most notable is that Sphinx option section option syntax doesn't support '--option foo=bar' with bar underlined rather than bold, so we have to switch to '--option foo=BAR' instead.) The contents of qemu-option-trace.texi are now duplicated in docs/interop/qemu-option-trace.rst.inc, until such time as we complete the conversion of the other files which use it; since it has had only 3 changes in 3 years, this shouldn't be too awkward a burden. (We use .rst.inc because if this file fragment has a .rst extension then Sphinx complains about not seeing it in a toctree.) Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Tested-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com> Message-id: 20200116141511.16849-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
2020-01-23 16:22:39 +01:00
.. option:: -B, --bitmap=NAME
If *filename* has a qcow2 persistent bitmap *NAME*, expose
that bitmap via the ``qemu:dirty-bitmap:NAME`` metadata context
qemu-nbd: Convert invocation documentation to rST The qemu-nbd documentation is currently in qemu-nbd.texi in Texinfo format, which we present to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * a section of the main qemu-doc HTML documentation Convert the documentation to rST format, and present it to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * part of the interop/ Sphinx manual This follows the same pattern as commit 27a296fce982 did for the qemu-ga manpage. All the content of the old manpage is retained, except that I have dropped the "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty..." text that was in the old AUTHOR section; Sphinx's manpage builder doesn't expect that much text in the AUTHOR section, and since none of our other manpages have it it seems easiest to delete it rather than try to figure out where else in the manpage to put it. The only other textual change is that I have had to give the --nocache option its own description ("Equivalent to --cache=none") because Sphinx doesn't have an equivalent of using item/itemx to share a description between two options. Some minor aspects of the formatting have changed, to suit what is easiest for Sphinx to output. (The most notable is that Sphinx option section option syntax doesn't support '--option foo=bar' with bar underlined rather than bold, so we have to switch to '--option foo=BAR' instead.) The contents of qemu-option-trace.texi are now duplicated in docs/interop/qemu-option-trace.rst.inc, until such time as we complete the conversion of the other files which use it; since it has had only 3 changes in 3 years, this shouldn't be too awkward a burden. (We use .rst.inc because if this file fragment has a .rst extension then Sphinx complains about not seeing it in a toctree.) Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Tested-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com> Message-id: 20200116141511.16849-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
2020-01-23 16:22:39 +01:00
accessible through NBD_OPT_SET_META_CONTEXT.
.. option:: -s, --snapshot
Use *filename* as an external snapshot, create a temporary
file with ``backing_file=``\ *filename*, redirect the write to
the temporary one.
.. option:: -l, --load-snapshot=SNAPSHOT_PARAM
Load an internal snapshot inside *filename* and export it
as an read-only device, SNAPSHOT_PARAM format is
``snapshot.id=[ID],snapshot.name=[NAME]`` or ``[ID_OR_NAME]``
.. option:: --cache=CACHE
qemu-nbd: Change default cache mode to writeback Both qemu and qemu-img use writeback cache mode by default, which is already documented in qemu(1). qemu-nbd uses writethrough cache mode by default, and the default cache mode is not documented. According to the qemu-nbd(8): --cache=CACHE The cache mode to be used with the file. See the documentation of the emulator's -drive cache=... option for allowed values. qemu(1) says: The default mode is cache=writeback. So users have no reason to assume that qemu-nbd is using writethough cache mode. The only hint is the painfully slow writing when using the defaults. Looking in git history, it seems that qemu used writethrough in the past to support broken guests that did not flush data properly, or could not flush due to limitations in qemu. But qemu-nbd clients can use NBD_CMD_FLUSH to flush data, so using writethrough does not help anyone. Change the default cache mode to writback, and document the default and available values properly in the online help and manual. With this change converting image via qemu-nbd is 3.5 times faster. $ qemu-img create dst.img 50g $ qemu-nbd -t -f raw -k /tmp/nbd.sock dst.img Before this change: $ hyperfine -r3 "./qemu-img convert -p -f raw -O raw -T none -W fedora34.img nbd+unix:///?socket=/tmp/nbd.sock" Benchmark #1: ./qemu-img convert -p -f raw -O raw -T none -W fedora34.img nbd+unix:///?socket=/tmp/nbd.sock Time (mean ± σ): 83.639 s ± 5.970 s [User: 2.733 s, System: 6.112 s] Range (min … max): 76.749 s … 87.245 s 3 runs After this change: $ hyperfine -r3 "./qemu-img convert -p -f raw -O raw -T none -W fedora34.img nbd+unix:///?socket=/tmp/nbd.sock" Benchmark #1: ./qemu-img convert -p -f raw -O raw -T none -W fedora34.img nbd+unix:///?socket=/tmp/nbd.sock Time (mean ± σ): 23.522 s ± 0.433 s [User: 2.083 s, System: 5.475 s] Range (min … max): 23.234 s … 24.019 s 3 runs Users can avoid the issue by using --cache=writeback[1] but the defaults should give good performance for the common use case. [1] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/1990656 Signed-off-by: Nir Soffer <nsoffer@redhat.com> Message-Id: <20210813205519.50518-1-nsoffer@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> CC: qemu-stable@nongnu.org Signed-off-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
2021-08-13 22:55:19 +02:00
The cache mode to be used with the file. Valid values are:
``none``, ``writeback`` (the default), ``writethrough``,
``directsync`` and ``unsafe``. See the documentation of
the emulator's ``-drive cache=...`` option for more info.
qemu-nbd: Convert invocation documentation to rST The qemu-nbd documentation is currently in qemu-nbd.texi in Texinfo format, which we present to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * a section of the main qemu-doc HTML documentation Convert the documentation to rST format, and present it to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * part of the interop/ Sphinx manual This follows the same pattern as commit 27a296fce982 did for the qemu-ga manpage. All the content of the old manpage is retained, except that I have dropped the "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty..." text that was in the old AUTHOR section; Sphinx's manpage builder doesn't expect that much text in the AUTHOR section, and since none of our other manpages have it it seems easiest to delete it rather than try to figure out where else in the manpage to put it. The only other textual change is that I have had to give the --nocache option its own description ("Equivalent to --cache=none") because Sphinx doesn't have an equivalent of using item/itemx to share a description between two options. Some minor aspects of the formatting have changed, to suit what is easiest for Sphinx to output. (The most notable is that Sphinx option section option syntax doesn't support '--option foo=bar' with bar underlined rather than bold, so we have to switch to '--option foo=BAR' instead.) The contents of qemu-option-trace.texi are now duplicated in docs/interop/qemu-option-trace.rst.inc, until such time as we complete the conversion of the other files which use it; since it has had only 3 changes in 3 years, this shouldn't be too awkward a burden. (We use .rst.inc because if this file fragment has a .rst extension then Sphinx complains about not seeing it in a toctree.) Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Tested-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com> Message-id: 20200116141511.16849-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
2020-01-23 16:22:39 +01:00
.. option:: -n, --nocache
Equivalent to :option:`--cache=none`.
.. option:: --aio=AIO
Set the asynchronous I/O mode between ``threads`` (the default),
``native`` (Linux only), and ``io_uring`` (Linux 5.1+).
qemu-nbd: Convert invocation documentation to rST The qemu-nbd documentation is currently in qemu-nbd.texi in Texinfo format, which we present to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * a section of the main qemu-doc HTML documentation Convert the documentation to rST format, and present it to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * part of the interop/ Sphinx manual This follows the same pattern as commit 27a296fce982 did for the qemu-ga manpage. All the content of the old manpage is retained, except that I have dropped the "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty..." text that was in the old AUTHOR section; Sphinx's manpage builder doesn't expect that much text in the AUTHOR section, and since none of our other manpages have it it seems easiest to delete it rather than try to figure out where else in the manpage to put it. The only other textual change is that I have had to give the --nocache option its own description ("Equivalent to --cache=none") because Sphinx doesn't have an equivalent of using item/itemx to share a description between two options. Some minor aspects of the formatting have changed, to suit what is easiest for Sphinx to output. (The most notable is that Sphinx option section option syntax doesn't support '--option foo=bar' with bar underlined rather than bold, so we have to switch to '--option foo=BAR' instead.) The contents of qemu-option-trace.texi are now duplicated in docs/interop/qemu-option-trace.rst.inc, until such time as we complete the conversion of the other files which use it; since it has had only 3 changes in 3 years, this shouldn't be too awkward a burden. (We use .rst.inc because if this file fragment has a .rst extension then Sphinx complains about not seeing it in a toctree.) Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Tested-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com> Message-id: 20200116141511.16849-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
2020-01-23 16:22:39 +01:00
.. option:: --discard=DISCARD
Control whether ``discard`` (also known as ``trim`` or ``unmap``)
requests are ignored or passed to the filesystem. *DISCARD* is one of
``ignore`` (or ``off``), ``unmap`` (or ``on``). The default is
``ignore``.
.. option:: --detect-zeroes=DETECT_ZEROES
Control the automatic conversion of plain zero writes by the OS to
driver-specific optimized zero write commands. *DETECT_ZEROES* is one of
``off``, ``on``, or ``unmap``. ``unmap``
converts a zero write to an unmap operation and can only be used if
*DISCARD* is set to ``unmap``. The default is ``off``.
.. option:: -c, --connect=DEV
Connect *filename* to NBD device *DEV* (Linux only).
.. option:: -d, --disconnect
Disconnect the device *DEV* (Linux only).
.. option:: -e, --shared=NUM
Allow up to *NUM* clients to share the device (default
nbd/server: Allow MULTI_CONN for shared writable exports According to the NBD spec, a server that advertises NBD_FLAG_CAN_MULTI_CONN promises that multiple client connections will not see any cache inconsistencies: when properly separated by a single flush, actions performed by one client will be visible to another client, regardless of which client did the flush. We always satisfy these conditions in qemu - even when we support multiple clients, ALL clients go through a single point of reference into the block layer, with no local caching. The effect of one client is instantly visible to the next client. Even if our backend were a network device, we argue that any multi-path caching effects that would cause inconsistencies in back-to-back actions not seeing the effect of previous actions would be a bug in that backend, and not the fault of caching in qemu. As such, it is safe to unconditionally advertise CAN_MULTI_CONN for any qemu NBD server situation that supports parallel clients. Note, however, that we don't want to advertise CAN_MULTI_CONN when we know that a second client cannot connect (for historical reasons, qemu-nbd defaults to a single connection while nbd-server-add and QMP commands default to unlimited connections; but we already have existing means to let either style of NBD server creation alter those defaults). This is visible by no longer advertising MULTI_CONN for 'qemu-nbd -r' without -e, as in the iotest nbd-qemu-allocation. The harder part of this patch is setting up an iotest to demonstrate behavior of multiple NBD clients to a single server. It might be possible with parallel qemu-io processes, but I found it easier to do in python with the help of libnbd, and help from Nir and Vladimir in writing the test. Signed-off-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Suggested-by: Nir Soffer <nsoffer@redhat.com> Suggested-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <v.sementsov-og@mail.ru> Message-Id: <20220512004924.417153-3-eblake@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
2022-05-12 02:49:24 +02:00
``1``), 0 for unlimited.
qemu-nbd: Convert invocation documentation to rST The qemu-nbd documentation is currently in qemu-nbd.texi in Texinfo format, which we present to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * a section of the main qemu-doc HTML documentation Convert the documentation to rST format, and present it to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * part of the interop/ Sphinx manual This follows the same pattern as commit 27a296fce982 did for the qemu-ga manpage. All the content of the old manpage is retained, except that I have dropped the "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty..." text that was in the old AUTHOR section; Sphinx's manpage builder doesn't expect that much text in the AUTHOR section, and since none of our other manpages have it it seems easiest to delete it rather than try to figure out where else in the manpage to put it. The only other textual change is that I have had to give the --nocache option its own description ("Equivalent to --cache=none") because Sphinx doesn't have an equivalent of using item/itemx to share a description between two options. Some minor aspects of the formatting have changed, to suit what is easiest for Sphinx to output. (The most notable is that Sphinx option section option syntax doesn't support '--option foo=bar' with bar underlined rather than bold, so we have to switch to '--option foo=BAR' instead.) The contents of qemu-option-trace.texi are now duplicated in docs/interop/qemu-option-trace.rst.inc, until such time as we complete the conversion of the other files which use it; since it has had only 3 changes in 3 years, this shouldn't be too awkward a burden. (We use .rst.inc because if this file fragment has a .rst extension then Sphinx complains about not seeing it in a toctree.) Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Tested-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com> Message-id: 20200116141511.16849-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
2020-01-23 16:22:39 +01:00
.. option:: -t, --persistent
Don't exit on the last connection.
.. option:: -x, --export-name=NAME
Set the NBD volume export name (default of a zero-length string).
.. option:: -D, --description=DESCRIPTION
Set the NBD volume export description, as a human-readable
string.
.. option:: -L, --list
Connect as a client and list all details about the exports exposed by
a remote NBD server. This enables list mode, and is incompatible
with options that change behavior related to a specific export (such as
:option:`--export-name`, :option:`--offset`, ...).
.. option:: --tls-creds=ID
Enable mandatory TLS encryption for the server by setting the ID
of the TLS credentials object previously created with the
:option:`--object` option; or provide the credentials needed for
connecting as a client in list mode.
qemu-nbd: Convert invocation documentation to rST The qemu-nbd documentation is currently in qemu-nbd.texi in Texinfo format, which we present to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * a section of the main qemu-doc HTML documentation Convert the documentation to rST format, and present it to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * part of the interop/ Sphinx manual This follows the same pattern as commit 27a296fce982 did for the qemu-ga manpage. All the content of the old manpage is retained, except that I have dropped the "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty..." text that was in the old AUTHOR section; Sphinx's manpage builder doesn't expect that much text in the AUTHOR section, and since none of our other manpages have it it seems easiest to delete it rather than try to figure out where else in the manpage to put it. The only other textual change is that I have had to give the --nocache option its own description ("Equivalent to --cache=none") because Sphinx doesn't have an equivalent of using item/itemx to share a description between two options. Some minor aspects of the formatting have changed, to suit what is easiest for Sphinx to output. (The most notable is that Sphinx option section option syntax doesn't support '--option foo=bar' with bar underlined rather than bold, so we have to switch to '--option foo=BAR' instead.) The contents of qemu-option-trace.texi are now duplicated in docs/interop/qemu-option-trace.rst.inc, until such time as we complete the conversion of the other files which use it; since it has had only 3 changes in 3 years, this shouldn't be too awkward a burden. (We use .rst.inc because if this file fragment has a .rst extension then Sphinx complains about not seeing it in a toctree.) Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Tested-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com> Message-id: 20200116141511.16849-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
2020-01-23 16:22:39 +01:00
.. option:: --tls-hostname=hostname
When validating an x509 certificate received over a TLS connection,
the hostname that the NBD client used to connect will be checked
against information in the server provided certificate. Sometimes
it might be required to override the hostname used to perform this
check. For example, if the NBD client is using a tunnel from localhost
to connect to the remote server, the :option:`--tls-hostname` option should
be used to set the officially expected hostname of the remote NBD
server. This can also be used if accessing NBD over a UNIX socket
where there is no inherent hostname available. This is only permitted
when acting as a NBD client with the :option:`--list` option.
qemu-nbd: Convert invocation documentation to rST The qemu-nbd documentation is currently in qemu-nbd.texi in Texinfo format, which we present to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * a section of the main qemu-doc HTML documentation Convert the documentation to rST format, and present it to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * part of the interop/ Sphinx manual This follows the same pattern as commit 27a296fce982 did for the qemu-ga manpage. All the content of the old manpage is retained, except that I have dropped the "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty..." text that was in the old AUTHOR section; Sphinx's manpage builder doesn't expect that much text in the AUTHOR section, and since none of our other manpages have it it seems easiest to delete it rather than try to figure out where else in the manpage to put it. The only other textual change is that I have had to give the --nocache option its own description ("Equivalent to --cache=none") because Sphinx doesn't have an equivalent of using item/itemx to share a description between two options. Some minor aspects of the formatting have changed, to suit what is easiest for Sphinx to output. (The most notable is that Sphinx option section option syntax doesn't support '--option foo=bar' with bar underlined rather than bold, so we have to switch to '--option foo=BAR' instead.) The contents of qemu-option-trace.texi are now duplicated in docs/interop/qemu-option-trace.rst.inc, until such time as we complete the conversion of the other files which use it; since it has had only 3 changes in 3 years, this shouldn't be too awkward a burden. (We use .rst.inc because if this file fragment has a .rst extension then Sphinx complains about not seeing it in a toctree.) Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Tested-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com> Message-id: 20200116141511.16849-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
2020-01-23 16:22:39 +01:00
.. option:: --fork
Fork off the server process and exit the parent once the server is running.
.. option:: --pid-file=PATH
Store the server's process ID in the given file.
.. option:: --tls-authz=ID
Specify the ID of a qauthz object previously created with the
:option:`--object` option. This will be used to authorize connecting users
against their x509 distinguished name.
.. option:: -v, --verbose
Display extra debugging information.
.. option:: -h, --help
Display this help and exit.
.. option:: -V, --version
Display version information and exit.
.. option:: -T, --trace [[enable=]PATTERN][,events=FILE][,file=FILE]
.. include:: ../qemu-option-trace.rst.inc
qemu-nbd: Convert invocation documentation to rST The qemu-nbd documentation is currently in qemu-nbd.texi in Texinfo format, which we present to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * a section of the main qemu-doc HTML documentation Convert the documentation to rST format, and present it to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * part of the interop/ Sphinx manual This follows the same pattern as commit 27a296fce982 did for the qemu-ga manpage. All the content of the old manpage is retained, except that I have dropped the "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty..." text that was in the old AUTHOR section; Sphinx's manpage builder doesn't expect that much text in the AUTHOR section, and since none of our other manpages have it it seems easiest to delete it rather than try to figure out where else in the manpage to put it. The only other textual change is that I have had to give the --nocache option its own description ("Equivalent to --cache=none") because Sphinx doesn't have an equivalent of using item/itemx to share a description between two options. Some minor aspects of the formatting have changed, to suit what is easiest for Sphinx to output. (The most notable is that Sphinx option section option syntax doesn't support '--option foo=bar' with bar underlined rather than bold, so we have to switch to '--option foo=BAR' instead.) The contents of qemu-option-trace.texi are now duplicated in docs/interop/qemu-option-trace.rst.inc, until such time as we complete the conversion of the other files which use it; since it has had only 3 changes in 3 years, this shouldn't be too awkward a burden. (We use .rst.inc because if this file fragment has a .rst extension then Sphinx complains about not seeing it in a toctree.) Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Tested-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com> Message-id: 20200116141511.16849-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
2020-01-23 16:22:39 +01:00
Examples
--------
Start a server listening on port 10809 that exposes only the
guest-visible contents of a qcow2 file, with no TLS encryption, and
with the default export name (an empty string). The command is
one-shot, and will block until the first successful client
disconnects:
::
qemu-nbd -f qcow2 file.qcow2
Start a long-running server listening with encryption on port 10810,
and allow clients with a specific X.509 certificate to connect to
qemu-nbd: Convert invocation documentation to rST The qemu-nbd documentation is currently in qemu-nbd.texi in Texinfo format, which we present to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * a section of the main qemu-doc HTML documentation Convert the documentation to rST format, and present it to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * part of the interop/ Sphinx manual This follows the same pattern as commit 27a296fce982 did for the qemu-ga manpage. All the content of the old manpage is retained, except that I have dropped the "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty..." text that was in the old AUTHOR section; Sphinx's manpage builder doesn't expect that much text in the AUTHOR section, and since none of our other manpages have it it seems easiest to delete it rather than try to figure out where else in the manpage to put it. The only other textual change is that I have had to give the --nocache option its own description ("Equivalent to --cache=none") because Sphinx doesn't have an equivalent of using item/itemx to share a description between two options. Some minor aspects of the formatting have changed, to suit what is easiest for Sphinx to output. (The most notable is that Sphinx option section option syntax doesn't support '--option foo=bar' with bar underlined rather than bold, so we have to switch to '--option foo=BAR' instead.) The contents of qemu-option-trace.texi are now duplicated in docs/interop/qemu-option-trace.rst.inc, until such time as we complete the conversion of the other files which use it; since it has had only 3 changes in 3 years, this shouldn't be too awkward a burden. (We use .rst.inc because if this file fragment has a .rst extension then Sphinx complains about not seeing it in a toctree.) Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Tested-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com> Message-id: 20200116141511.16849-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
2020-01-23 16:22:39 +01:00
a 1 megabyte subset of a raw file, using the export name 'subset':
::
qemu-nbd \
--object tls-creds-x509,id=tls0,endpoint=server,dir=/path/to/qemutls \
--object 'authz-simple,id=auth0,identity=CN=laptop.example.com,,\
O=Example Org,,L=London,,ST=London,,C=GB' \
--tls-creds tls0 --tls-authz auth0 \
-t -x subset -p 10810 \
--image-opts driver=raw,offset=1M,size=1M,file.driver=file,file.filename=file.raw
Serve a read-only copy of a guest image over a Unix socket with as
many as 5 simultaneous readers, with a persistent process forked as a
daemon:
qemu-nbd: Convert invocation documentation to rST The qemu-nbd documentation is currently in qemu-nbd.texi in Texinfo format, which we present to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * a section of the main qemu-doc HTML documentation Convert the documentation to rST format, and present it to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * part of the interop/ Sphinx manual This follows the same pattern as commit 27a296fce982 did for the qemu-ga manpage. All the content of the old manpage is retained, except that I have dropped the "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty..." text that was in the old AUTHOR section; Sphinx's manpage builder doesn't expect that much text in the AUTHOR section, and since none of our other manpages have it it seems easiest to delete it rather than try to figure out where else in the manpage to put it. The only other textual change is that I have had to give the --nocache option its own description ("Equivalent to --cache=none") because Sphinx doesn't have an equivalent of using item/itemx to share a description between two options. Some minor aspects of the formatting have changed, to suit what is easiest for Sphinx to output. (The most notable is that Sphinx option section option syntax doesn't support '--option foo=bar' with bar underlined rather than bold, so we have to switch to '--option foo=BAR' instead.) The contents of qemu-option-trace.texi are now duplicated in docs/interop/qemu-option-trace.rst.inc, until such time as we complete the conversion of the other files which use it; since it has had only 3 changes in 3 years, this shouldn't be too awkward a burden. (We use .rst.inc because if this file fragment has a .rst extension then Sphinx complains about not seeing it in a toctree.) Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Tested-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com> Message-id: 20200116141511.16849-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
2020-01-23 16:22:39 +01:00
::
qemu-nbd --fork --persistent --shared=5 --socket=/path/to/sock \
--read-only --format=qcow2 file.qcow2
qemu-nbd: Convert invocation documentation to rST The qemu-nbd documentation is currently in qemu-nbd.texi in Texinfo format, which we present to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * a section of the main qemu-doc HTML documentation Convert the documentation to rST format, and present it to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * part of the interop/ Sphinx manual This follows the same pattern as commit 27a296fce982 did for the qemu-ga manpage. All the content of the old manpage is retained, except that I have dropped the "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty..." text that was in the old AUTHOR section; Sphinx's manpage builder doesn't expect that much text in the AUTHOR section, and since none of our other manpages have it it seems easiest to delete it rather than try to figure out where else in the manpage to put it. The only other textual change is that I have had to give the --nocache option its own description ("Equivalent to --cache=none") because Sphinx doesn't have an equivalent of using item/itemx to share a description between two options. Some minor aspects of the formatting have changed, to suit what is easiest for Sphinx to output. (The most notable is that Sphinx option section option syntax doesn't support '--option foo=bar' with bar underlined rather than bold, so we have to switch to '--option foo=BAR' instead.) The contents of qemu-option-trace.texi are now duplicated in docs/interop/qemu-option-trace.rst.inc, until such time as we complete the conversion of the other files which use it; since it has had only 3 changes in 3 years, this shouldn't be too awkward a burden. (We use .rst.inc because if this file fragment has a .rst extension then Sphinx complains about not seeing it in a toctree.) Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Tested-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com> Message-id: 20200116141511.16849-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
2020-01-23 16:22:39 +01:00
Expose the guest-visible contents of a qcow2 file via a block device
/dev/nbd0 (and possibly creating /dev/nbd0p1 and friends for
partitions found within), then disconnect the device when done.
Access to bind ``qemu-nbd`` to a /dev/nbd device generally requires root
qemu-nbd: Convert invocation documentation to rST The qemu-nbd documentation is currently in qemu-nbd.texi in Texinfo format, which we present to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * a section of the main qemu-doc HTML documentation Convert the documentation to rST format, and present it to the user as: * a qemu-nbd manpage * part of the interop/ Sphinx manual This follows the same pattern as commit 27a296fce982 did for the qemu-ga manpage. All the content of the old manpage is retained, except that I have dropped the "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty..." text that was in the old AUTHOR section; Sphinx's manpage builder doesn't expect that much text in the AUTHOR section, and since none of our other manpages have it it seems easiest to delete it rather than try to figure out where else in the manpage to put it. The only other textual change is that I have had to give the --nocache option its own description ("Equivalent to --cache=none") because Sphinx doesn't have an equivalent of using item/itemx to share a description between two options. Some minor aspects of the formatting have changed, to suit what is easiest for Sphinx to output. (The most notable is that Sphinx option section option syntax doesn't support '--option foo=bar' with bar underlined rather than bold, so we have to switch to '--option foo=BAR' instead.) The contents of qemu-option-trace.texi are now duplicated in docs/interop/qemu-option-trace.rst.inc, until such time as we complete the conversion of the other files which use it; since it has had only 3 changes in 3 years, this shouldn't be too awkward a burden. (We use .rst.inc because if this file fragment has a .rst extension then Sphinx complains about not seeing it in a toctree.) Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Tested-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com> Message-id: 20200116141511.16849-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
2020-01-23 16:22:39 +01:00
privileges, and may also require the execution of ``modprobe nbd``
to enable the kernel NBD client module. *CAUTION*: Do not use
this method to mount filesystems from an untrusted guest image - a
malicious guest may have prepared the image to attempt to trigger
kernel bugs in partition probing or file system mounting.
::
qemu-nbd -c /dev/nbd0 -f qcow2 file.qcow2
qemu-nbd -d /dev/nbd0
Query a remote server to see details about what export(s) it is
serving on port 10809, and authenticating via PSK:
::
qemu-nbd \
--object tls-creds-psk,id=tls0,dir=/tmp/keys,username=eblake,endpoint=client \
--tls-creds tls0 -L -b remote.example.com
See also
--------
:manpage:`qemu(1)`, :manpage:`qemu-img(1)`