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docs: qdev-device-use.txt has become stale, update it 

Document more bus addresses.

Update for bugs fixed.

Describe where exactly the -drive options go.

Update for recent split of qdev ide-drive into ide-{cd,hd},
scsi-disk into scsi-{cd,hd}.

Document scsi-hd's removable property only for usb-storage, because
that's where it's used.

Fix description of -global isa.fdc.

Document usb-storage lossage.

Clean up misleading description of network device's split into guest
and host part.

Document -vga's machine dependence.

New qdevs: virtconsole, qxl-vga, isa-vga, intel-hda, usb-ccid

Update for changed pci-assign property iommu.

New section "Default Devices".

Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
This commit is contained in:
Markus Armbruster 2011-06-07 10:34:31 +02:00 committed by Anthony Liguori
parent 0826c7105a
commit 23bf93b215
1 changed files with 113 additions and 65 deletions
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178
docs/qdev-device-use.txt
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@ -8,20 +8,23 @@ more buses for children. You can specify a device's parent bus with
A device typically has a device address on its parent bus. For buses
where this address can be configured, devices provide a bus-specific
property. These are
property. Examples:
bus property name value format
PCI addr %x.%x (dev.fn, .fn optional)
I2C address %u
SCSI scsi-id %u
bus property name value format
PCI addr %x.%x (dev.fn, .fn optional)
I2C address %u
SCSI scsi-id %u
IDE unit %u
HDA cad %u
virtio-serial-bus nr %u
ccid-bus slot %u
USB port %d(.%d)* (port.port...)
Example: device i440FX-pcihost is on the root bus, and provides a PCI
bus named pci.0. To put a FOO device into its slot 4, use -device
FOO,bus=/i440FX-pcihost/pci.0,addr=4. The abbreviated form bus=pci.0
also works as long as the bus name is unique.
Note: the USB device address can't be controlled at this time.
=== Block Devices ===
A QEMU block device (drive) has a host and a guest part.
@ -44,28 +47,43 @@ The new way keeps the parts separate: you create the host part with
The various old ways to define drives all boil down to the common form
-drive if=TYPE,index=IDX,bus=BUS,unit=UNIT,HOST-OPTS...
-drive if=TYPE,bus=BUS,unit=UNIT,OPTS...
TYPE, BUS and UNIT identify the controller device, which of its buses
to use, and the drive's address on that bus. Details depend on TYPE.
IDX is an alternative way to specify BUS and UNIT.
Instead of bus=BUS,unit=UNIT, you can also say index=IDX.
In the new way, this becomes something like
-drive if=none,id=DRIVE-ID,HOST-OPTS...
-device DEVNAME,drive=DRIVE-ID,DEV-OPTS...
The -device argument differs in detail for each kind of drive:
The old OPTS get split into HOST-OPTS and DEV-OPTS as follows:
* file, format, snapshot, cache, aio, readonly, rerror, werror go into
HOST-OPTS.
* cyls, head, secs and trans go into HOST-OPTS. Future work: they
should go into DEV-OPTS instead.
* serial goes into DEV-OPTS, for devices supporting serial numbers.
For other devices, it goes nowhere.
* media is special. In the old way, it selects disk vs. CD-ROM with
if=ide, if=scsi and if=xen. The new way uses DEVNAME for that.
Additionally, readonly=on goes into HOST-OPTS.
* addr is special, see if=virtio below.
The -device argument differs in detail for each type of drive:
* if=ide
-device ide-drive,drive=DRIVE-ID,bus=IDE-BUS,unit=UNIT
-device DEVNAME,drive=DRIVE-ID,bus=IDE-BUS,unit=UNIT
where IDE-BUS identifies an IDE bus, normally either ide.0 or ide.1,
and UNIT is either 0 or 1.
Bug: new way does not work for ide.1 unit 0 (in old terms: index=2)
unless you disable the default CD-ROM with -nodefaults.
where DEVNAME is either ide-hd or ide-cd, IDE-BUS identifies an IDE
bus, normally either ide.0 or ide.1, and UNIT is either 0 or 1.
* if=scsi
@ -77,27 +95,25 @@ The -device argument differs in detail for each kind of drive:
As for all PCI devices, you can add bus=PCI-BUS,addr=DEVFN to
control the PCI device address.
This SCSI controller a single SCSI bus, named ID.0. Put a disk on
it:
This SCSI controller provides a single SCSI bus, named ID.0. Put a
disk on it:
-device scsi-disk,drive=DRIVE-ID,bus=ID.0,scsi-id=SCSI-ID,removable=RMB
-device DEVNAME,drive=DRIVE-ID,bus=ID.0,scsi-id=UNIT
The (optional) removable parameter lets you override the SCSI INQUIRY
removable (RMB) bit for non CD-ROM devices. It is ignored for CD-ROM devices
which are always removable. RMB is "on" or "off".
where DEVNAME is either scsi-hd, scsi-cd or scsi-generic.
* if=floppy
-global isa-fdc,driveA=DRIVE-ID,driveB=DRIVE-ID
-global isa-fdc.driveA=DRIVE-ID
-global isa-fdc.driveB=DRIVE-ID
This is -global instead of -device, because the floppy controller is
created automatically, and we want to configure that one, not create
a second one (which isn't possible anyway).
Omitting a drive parameter makes that drive empty.
Bug: driveA works only if you disable the default floppy drive with
-nodefaults.
Without any -global isa-fdc,... you get an empty driveA and no
driveB. You can use -nodefaults to suppress the default driveA, see
"Default Devices".
* if=virtio
@ -105,11 +121,12 @@ The -device argument differs in detail for each kind of drive:
This lets you control PCI device class and MSI-X vectors.
IOEVENTFD controls whether or not ioeventfd is used for virtqueue notify. It
can be set to on (default) or off.
IOEVENTFD controls whether or not ioeventfd is used for virtqueue
notify. It can be set to on (default) or off.
As for all PCI devices, you can add bus=PCI-BUS,addr=DEVFN to
control the PCI device address.
control the PCI device address. This replaces option addr available
with -drive if=virtio.
* if=pflash, if=mtd, if=sd, if=xen are not yet available with -device
@ -117,15 +134,20 @@ For USB devices, the old way is actually different:
-usbdevice disk:format=FMT:FILENAME
Provides much less control than -drive's HOST-OPTS... The new way
fixes that:
Provides much less control than -drive's OPTS... The new way fixes
that:
-device usb-storage,drive=DRIVE-ID,removable=RMB
The removable parameter gives control over the SCSI INQUIRY removable (RMB)
bit. USB thumbdrives usually set removable=on, while USB hard disks set
removable=off. See the if=scsi description above for details on the removable
parameter, which applies only to scsi-disk devices and not to scsi-generic.
The removable parameter gives control over the SCSI INQUIRY removable
(RMB) bit. USB thumbdrives usually set removable=on, while USB hard
disks set removable=off.
Bug: usb-storage pretends to be a block device, but it's really a SCSI
controller that can serve only a single device, which it creates
automatically. The automatic creation guesses what kind of guest part
to create from the host part, like -drive if=scsi. Host and guest
part are not cleanly separated.
=== Character Devices ===
@ -170,7 +192,9 @@ The appropriate DEVNAME depends on the machine type. For type "pc":
-device usb-braille,chardev=braille,vendorid=VID,productid=PRID
-chardev braille,id=braille
* -virtioconsole is still being worked on
* -virtioconsole becomes
-device virtio-serial-pci,class=C,vectors=V,ioeventfd=IOEVENTFD,max_ports=N
-device virtconsole,is_console=NUM,nr=NR,name=NAME
LEGACY-CHARDEV translates to -chardev HOST-OPTS... as follows:
@ -219,38 +243,29 @@ LEGACY-CHARDEV to refer to a host part defined with -chardev.
=== Network Devices ===
A QEMU network device (NIC) has a host and a guest part.
Host and guest part of network devices have always been separate.
The old ways to define NICs define host and guest part together. It
looks like this:
The old way to define the guest part looks like this:
-net nic,vlan=VLAN,macaddr=MACADDR,model=MODEL,name=ID,addr=STR,vectors=V
-net nic,netdev=NET-ID,macaddr=MACADDR,model=MODEL,name=ID,addr=STR,vectors=V
Except for USB it looks like this:
-usbdevice net:vlan=VLAN,macaddr=MACADDR,name=ID,addr=STR,vectors=V
-usbdevice net:netdev=NET-ID,macaddr=MACADDR,name=ID
The new way keeps the parts separate: you create the host part with
-netdev, and the guest device with -device, like this:
The new way is -device:
-netdev type=TYPE,id=NET-ID
-device DEVNAME,netdev=NET-ID,mac=MACADDR,DEV-OPTS...
Unlike the old way, this creates just a network device, not a VLAN.
If you really want a VLAN, create it the usual way, then create the
guest device like this:
-device DEVNAME,vlan=VLAN,mac=MACADDR,DEV-OPTS...
DEVNAME equals MODEL, except for virtio you have to name the virtio
device appropriate for the bus (virtio-net-pci for PCI), and for USB
NIC you have to use usb-net.
you have to use usb-net.
The old name=ID parameter becomes the usual id=ID with -device.
For PCI devices, you can add bus=PCI-BUS,addr=DEVFN to control the PCI
device address, as usual. The old -net nic provides parameter addr
for that, it is silently ignored when the NIC is not a PCI device.
for that, which is silently ignored when the NIC is not a PCI device.
For virtio-net-pci, you can control whether or not ioeventfd is used for
virtqueue notify by setting ioeventfd= to on or off (default).
@ -264,20 +279,25 @@ devices and ne2k_isa are.
Some PCI devices aren't available with -net nic, e.g. i82558a.
Bug: usb-net does not work, yet. Patch posted.
To connect to a VLAN instead of an ordinary host part, replace
netdev=NET-ID by vlan=VLAN.
=== Graphics Devices ===
Host and guest part of graphics devices have always been separate.
The old way to define the guest graphics device is -vga VGA.
The old way to define the guest graphics device is -vga VGA. Not all
machines support all -vga options.
The new way is -device. Map from -vga argument to -device:
The new way is -device. The mapping from -vga argument to -device
depends on the machine type. For machine "pc", it's:
std -device VGA
cirrus -device cirrus-vga
vmware -device vmware-svga
xenfb not yet available with -device
qxl -device qxl-vga
none -nodefaults
disables more than just VGA, see "Default Devices"
As for all PCI devices, you can add bus=PCI-BUS,addr=DEVFN to control
the PCI device address.
@ -285,13 +305,16 @@ the PCI device address.
-device VGA supports properties bios-offset and bios-size, but they
aren't used with machine type "pc".
Bug: -device cirrus-vga and -device vmware-svga require -nodefaults.
For machine "isapc", it's
Bug: the new way requires PCI; ISA VGA is not yet available with
-device.
std -device isa-vga
cirrus not yet available with -device
none -nodefaults
disables more than just VGA, see "Default Devices"
Bug: the new way doesn't work for machine type "pc", because it
violates obscure device initialization ordering constraints.
Bug: the new way doesn't work for machine types "pc" and "isapc",
because it violates obscure device initialization ordering
constraints.
=== Audio Devices ===
@ -308,6 +331,7 @@ Map from -soundhw sound card name to -device:
cs4231a -device cs4231a,iobase=IOADDR,irq=IRQ,dma=DMA
es1370 -device ES1370
gus -device gus,iobase=IOADDR,irq=IRQ,dma=DMA,freq=F
hda -device intel-hda,msi=MSI -device hda-duplex
sb16 -device sb16,iobase=IOADDR,irq=IRQ,dma=DMA,dma16=DMA16,version=V
adlib not yet available with -device
pcspk not yet available with -device
@ -321,9 +345,10 @@ The old way to define a virtual USB device is -usbdevice DRIVER:OPTS...
The new way is -device DEVNAME,DEV-OPTS... Details depend on DRIVER:
* ccid -device usb-ccid
* keyboard -device usb-kbd
* mouse -device usb-mouse
* tablet -device usb-tablet
* keyboard -device usb-kdb
* wacom-tablet -device usb-wacom-tablet
* host:... See "Host Device Assignment"
* disk:... See "Block Devices"
@ -353,7 +378,7 @@ The new way is
-device pci-assign,host=ADDR,iommu=IOMMU,id=ID
The old dma=none becomes iommu=0 with -device.
The old dma=none becomes iommu=off with -device.
The old way to assign a host USB device is
@ -365,4 +390,27 @@ The new way is
-device usb-host,hostbus=BUS,hostaddr=ADDR,vendorid=VID,productid=PRID
where left out or zero BUS, ADDR, VID, PRID serve as wildcard.
Omitted options match anything, just like the old way's wildcard.
=== Default Devices ===
QEMU creates a number of devices by default, depending on the machine
type.
-device DEVNAME... and global DEVNAME... suppress default devices for
some DEVNAMEs:
default device suppressing DEVNAMEs
CD-ROM ide-cd, ide-drive, scsi-cd
isa-fdc's driveA isa-fdc
parallel isa-parallel
serial isa-serial
VGA VGA, cirrus-vga, vmware-svga
virtioconsole virtio-serial-pci, virtio-serial-s390, virtio-serial
The default NIC is connected to a default part created along with it.
It is *not* suppressed by configuring a NIC with -device (you may call
that a bug). -net and -netdev suppress the default NIC.
-nodefaults suppresses all the default devices mentioned above, plus a
few other things such as default SD-Card drive and default monitor.