diff --git a/tests/libqos/virtio-mmio.c b/tests/libqos/virtio-mmio.c
index 0cab38f296..bced6803e6 100644
--- a/tests/libqos/virtio-mmio.c
+++ b/tests/libqos/virtio-mmio.c
@@ -199,6 +199,7 @@ QVirtioMMIODevice *qvirtio_mmio_init_device(uint64_t addr, uint32_t page_size)
     dev->addr = addr;
     dev->page_size = page_size;
     dev->vdev.device_type = readl(addr + QVIRTIO_MMIO_DEVICE_ID);
+    dev->vdev.bus = &qvirtio_mmio;
 
     writel(addr + QVIRTIO_MMIO_GUEST_PAGE_SIZE, page_size);
 
diff --git a/tests/libqos/virtio-pci.c b/tests/libqos/virtio-pci.c
index 6e005c1835..bbfed58dcf 100644
--- a/tests/libqos/virtio-pci.c
+++ b/tests/libqos/virtio-pci.c
@@ -286,6 +286,8 @@ QVirtioPCIDevice *qvirtio_pci_device_find(QPCIBus *bus, uint16_t device_type)
     QVirtioPCIDevice *dev = NULL;
     qvirtio_pci_foreach(bus, device_type, qvirtio_pci_assign_device, &dev);
 
+    dev->vdev.bus = &qvirtio_pci;
+
     return dev;
 }
 
diff --git a/tests/libqos/virtio.c b/tests/libqos/virtio.c
index 105bccecaa..ec30cb99b2 100644
--- a/tests/libqos/virtio.c
+++ b/tests/libqos/virtio.c
@@ -13,45 +13,40 @@
 #include "standard-headers/linux/virtio_config.h"
 #include "standard-headers/linux/virtio_ring.h"
 
-uint8_t qvirtio_config_readb(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d,
-                                                                uint64_t addr)
+uint8_t qvirtio_config_readb(QVirtioDevice *d, uint64_t addr)
 {
-    return bus->config_readb(d, addr);
+    return d->bus->config_readb(d, addr);
 }
 
-uint16_t qvirtio_config_readw(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d,
-                                                                uint64_t addr)
+uint16_t qvirtio_config_readw(QVirtioDevice *d, uint64_t addr)
 {
-    return bus->config_readw(d, addr);
+    return d->bus->config_readw(d, addr);
 }
 
-uint32_t qvirtio_config_readl(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d,
-                                                                uint64_t addr)
+uint32_t qvirtio_config_readl(QVirtioDevice *d, uint64_t addr)
 {
-    return bus->config_readl(d, addr);
+    return d->bus->config_readl(d, addr);
 }
 
-uint64_t qvirtio_config_readq(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d,
-                                                                uint64_t addr)
+uint64_t qvirtio_config_readq(QVirtioDevice *d, uint64_t addr)
 {
-    return bus->config_readq(d, addr);
+    return d->bus->config_readq(d, addr);
 }
 
-uint32_t qvirtio_get_features(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d)
+uint32_t qvirtio_get_features(QVirtioDevice *d)
 {
-    return bus->get_features(d);
+    return d->bus->get_features(d);
 }
 
-void qvirtio_set_features(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d,
-                                                            uint32_t features)
+void qvirtio_set_features(QVirtioDevice *d, uint32_t features)
 {
-    bus->set_features(d, features);
+    d->bus->set_features(d, features);
 }
 
-QVirtQueue *qvirtqueue_setup(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d,
-                                        QGuestAllocator *alloc, uint16_t index)
+QVirtQueue *qvirtqueue_setup(QVirtioDevice *d,
+                             QGuestAllocator *alloc, uint16_t index)
 {
-    return bus->virtqueue_setup(d, alloc, index);
+    return d->bus->virtqueue_setup(d, alloc, index);
 }
 
 void qvirtqueue_cleanup(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtQueue *vq,
@@ -60,40 +55,40 @@ void qvirtqueue_cleanup(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtQueue *vq,
     return bus->virtqueue_cleanup(vq, alloc);
 }
 
-void qvirtio_reset(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d)
+void qvirtio_reset(QVirtioDevice *d)
 {
-    bus->set_status(d, 0);
-    g_assert_cmphex(bus->get_status(d), ==, 0);
+    d->bus->set_status(d, 0);
+    g_assert_cmphex(d->bus->get_status(d), ==, 0);
 }
 
-void qvirtio_set_acknowledge(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d)
+void qvirtio_set_acknowledge(QVirtioDevice *d)
 {
-    bus->set_status(d, bus->get_status(d) | VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_ACKNOWLEDGE);
-    g_assert_cmphex(bus->get_status(d), ==, VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_ACKNOWLEDGE);
+    d->bus->set_status(d, d->bus->get_status(d) | VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_ACKNOWLEDGE);
+    g_assert_cmphex(d->bus->get_status(d), ==, VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_ACKNOWLEDGE);
 }
 
-void qvirtio_set_driver(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d)
+void qvirtio_set_driver(QVirtioDevice *d)
 {
-    bus->set_status(d, bus->get_status(d) | VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER);
-    g_assert_cmphex(bus->get_status(d), ==,
+    d->bus->set_status(d, d->bus->get_status(d) | VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER);
+    g_assert_cmphex(d->bus->get_status(d), ==,
                     VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER | VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_ACKNOWLEDGE);
 }
 
-void qvirtio_set_driver_ok(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d)
+void qvirtio_set_driver_ok(QVirtioDevice *d)
 {
-    bus->set_status(d, bus->get_status(d) | VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK);
-    g_assert_cmphex(bus->get_status(d), ==, VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK |
+    d->bus->set_status(d, d->bus->get_status(d) | VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK);
+    g_assert_cmphex(d->bus->get_status(d), ==, VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK |
                     VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER | VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_ACKNOWLEDGE);
 }
 
-void qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d,
+void qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(QVirtioDevice *d,
                             QVirtQueue *vq, gint64 timeout_us)
 {
     gint64 start_time = g_get_monotonic_time();
 
     for (;;) {
         clock_step(100);
-        if (bus->get_queue_isr_status(d, vq)) {
+        if (d->bus->get_queue_isr_status(d, vq)) {
             return;
         }
         g_assert(g_get_monotonic_time() - start_time <= timeout_us);
@@ -105,8 +100,7 @@ void qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d,
  * The virtqueue interrupt must not be raised, making this useful for testing
  * event_index functionality.
  */
-uint8_t qvirtio_wait_status_byte_no_isr(const QVirtioBus *bus,
-                                        QVirtioDevice *d,
+uint8_t qvirtio_wait_status_byte_no_isr(QVirtioDevice *d,
                                         QVirtQueue *vq,
                                         uint64_t addr,
                                         gint64 timeout_us)
@@ -116,20 +110,19 @@ uint8_t qvirtio_wait_status_byte_no_isr(const QVirtioBus *bus,
 
     while ((val = readb(addr)) == 0xff) {
         clock_step(100);
-        g_assert(!bus->get_queue_isr_status(d, vq));
+        g_assert(!d->bus->get_queue_isr_status(d, vq));
         g_assert(g_get_monotonic_time() - start_time <= timeout_us);
     }
     return val;
 }
 
-void qvirtio_wait_config_isr(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d,
-                             gint64 timeout_us)
+void qvirtio_wait_config_isr(QVirtioDevice *d, gint64 timeout_us)
 {
     gint64 start_time = g_get_monotonic_time();
 
     for (;;) {
         clock_step(100);
-        if (bus->get_config_isr_status(d)) {
+        if (d->bus->get_config_isr_status(d)) {
             return;
         }
         g_assert(g_get_monotonic_time() - start_time <= timeout_us);
@@ -253,8 +246,7 @@ uint32_t qvirtqueue_add_indirect(QVirtQueue *vq, QVRingIndirectDesc *indirect)
     return vq->free_head++; /* Return and increase, in this order */
 }
 
-void qvirtqueue_kick(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d, QVirtQueue *vq,
-                                                            uint32_t free_head)
+void qvirtqueue_kick(QVirtioDevice *d, QVirtQueue *vq, uint32_t free_head)
 {
     /* vq->avail->idx */
     uint16_t idx = readw(vq->avail + 2);
@@ -276,7 +268,7 @@ void qvirtqueue_kick(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d, QVirtQueue *vq,
     /* < 1 because we add elements to avail queue one by one */
     if ((flags & VRING_USED_F_NO_NOTIFY) == 0 &&
                             (!vq->event || (uint16_t)(idx-avail_event) < 1)) {
-        bus->virtqueue_kick(d, vq);
+        d->bus->virtqueue_kick(d, vq);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/tests/libqos/virtio.h b/tests/libqos/virtio.h
index 0250842bf2..ac4669a11b 100644
--- a/tests/libqos/virtio.h
+++ b/tests/libqos/virtio.h
@@ -15,7 +15,10 @@
 
 #define QVIRTIO_F_BAD_FEATURE           0x40000000
 
+typedef struct QVirtioBus QVirtioBus;
+
 typedef struct QVirtioDevice {
+    const QVirtioBus *bus;
     /* Device type */
     uint16_t device_type;
 } QVirtioDevice;
@@ -39,7 +42,7 @@ typedef struct QVRingIndirectDesc {
     uint16_t elem;
 } QVRingIndirectDesc;
 
-typedef struct QVirtioBus {
+struct QVirtioBus {
     uint8_t (*config_readb)(QVirtioDevice *d, uint64_t addr);
     uint16_t (*config_readw)(QVirtioDevice *d, uint64_t addr);
     uint32_t (*config_readl)(QVirtioDevice *d, uint64_t addr);
@@ -84,7 +87,7 @@ typedef struct QVirtioBus {
 
     /* Notify changes in virtqueue */
     void (*virtqueue_kick)(QVirtioDevice *d, QVirtQueue *vq);
-} QVirtioBus;
+};
 
 static inline uint32_t qvring_size(uint32_t num, uint32_t align)
 {
@@ -93,34 +96,27 @@ static inline uint32_t qvring_size(uint32_t num, uint32_t align)
         + sizeof(uint16_t) * 3 + sizeof(struct vring_used_elem) * num;
 }
 
-uint8_t qvirtio_config_readb(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d,
-                                                                uint64_t addr);
-uint16_t qvirtio_config_readw(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d,
-                                                                uint64_t addr);
-uint32_t qvirtio_config_readl(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d,
-                                                                uint64_t addr);
-uint64_t qvirtio_config_readq(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d,
-                                                                uint64_t addr);
-uint32_t qvirtio_get_features(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d);
-void qvirtio_set_features(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d,
-                                                            uint32_t features);
+uint8_t qvirtio_config_readb(QVirtioDevice *d, uint64_t addr);
+uint16_t qvirtio_config_readw(QVirtioDevice *d, uint64_t addr);
+uint32_t qvirtio_config_readl(QVirtioDevice *d, uint64_t addr);
+uint64_t qvirtio_config_readq(QVirtioDevice *d, uint64_t addr);
+uint32_t qvirtio_get_features(QVirtioDevice *d);
+void qvirtio_set_features(QVirtioDevice *d, uint32_t features);
 
-void qvirtio_reset(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d);
-void qvirtio_set_acknowledge(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d);
-void qvirtio_set_driver(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d);
-void qvirtio_set_driver_ok(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d);
+void qvirtio_reset(QVirtioDevice *d);
+void qvirtio_set_acknowledge(QVirtioDevice *d);
+void qvirtio_set_driver(QVirtioDevice *d);
+void qvirtio_set_driver_ok(QVirtioDevice *d);
 
-void qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d,
+void qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(QVirtioDevice *d,
                             QVirtQueue *vq, gint64 timeout_us);
-uint8_t qvirtio_wait_status_byte_no_isr(const QVirtioBus *bus,
-                                        QVirtioDevice *d,
+uint8_t qvirtio_wait_status_byte_no_isr(QVirtioDevice *d,
                                         QVirtQueue *vq,
                                         uint64_t addr,
                                         gint64 timeout_us);
-void qvirtio_wait_config_isr(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d,
-                             gint64 timeout_us);
-QVirtQueue *qvirtqueue_setup(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d,
-                                        QGuestAllocator *alloc, uint16_t index);
+void qvirtio_wait_config_isr(QVirtioDevice *d, gint64 timeout_us);
+QVirtQueue *qvirtqueue_setup(QVirtioDevice *d,
+                             QGuestAllocator *alloc, uint16_t index);
 void qvirtqueue_cleanup(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtQueue *vq,
                         QGuestAllocator *alloc);
 
@@ -132,8 +128,7 @@ void qvring_indirect_desc_add(QVRingIndirectDesc *indirect, uint64_t data,
 uint32_t qvirtqueue_add(QVirtQueue *vq, uint64_t data, uint32_t len, bool write,
                                                                     bool next);
 uint32_t qvirtqueue_add_indirect(QVirtQueue *vq, QVRingIndirectDesc *indirect);
-void qvirtqueue_kick(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *d, QVirtQueue *vq,
-                                                            uint32_t free_head);
+void qvirtqueue_kick(QVirtioDevice *d, QVirtQueue *vq, uint32_t free_head);
 
 void qvirtqueue_set_used_event(QVirtQueue *vq, uint16_t idx);
 #endif
diff --git a/tests/vhost-user-test.c b/tests/vhost-user-test.c
index a7f06291cb..e4b2900898 100644
--- a/tests/vhost-user-test.c
+++ b/tests/vhost-user-test.c
@@ -172,15 +172,15 @@ static void init_virtio_dev(TestServer *s)
     g_assert_nonnull(dev);
 
     qvirtio_pci_device_enable(dev);
-    qvirtio_reset(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
-    qvirtio_set_acknowledge(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
-    qvirtio_set_driver(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_reset(&dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_set_acknowledge(&dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_set_driver(&dev->vdev);
 
-    features = qvirtio_get_features(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
+    features = qvirtio_get_features(&dev->vdev);
     features = features & VIRTIO_NET_F_MAC;
-    qvirtio_set_features(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, features);
+    qvirtio_set_features(&dev->vdev, features);
 
-    qvirtio_set_driver_ok(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_set_driver_ok(&dev->vdev);
 }
 
 static void wait_for_fds(TestServer *s)
@@ -847,24 +847,24 @@ static QVirtioPCIDevice *virtio_net_pci_init(QPCIBus *bus, int slot)
     g_assert_cmphex(dev->vdev.device_type, ==, VIRTIO_ID_NET);
 
     qvirtio_pci_device_enable(dev);
-    qvirtio_reset(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
-    qvirtio_set_acknowledge(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
-    qvirtio_set_driver(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_reset(&dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_set_acknowledge(&dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_set_driver(&dev->vdev);
 
     return dev;
 }
 
-static void driver_init(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev)
+static void driver_init(QVirtioDevice *dev)
 {
     uint32_t features;
 
-    features = qvirtio_get_features(bus, dev);
+    features = qvirtio_get_features(dev);
     features = features & ~(QVIRTIO_F_BAD_FEATURE |
                             (1u << VIRTIO_RING_F_INDIRECT_DESC) |
                             (1u << VIRTIO_RING_F_EVENT_IDX));
-    qvirtio_set_features(bus, dev, features);
+    qvirtio_set_features(dev, features);
 
-    qvirtio_set_driver_ok(bus, dev);
+    qvirtio_set_driver_ok(dev);
 }
 
 #define PCI_SLOT                0x04
@@ -896,16 +896,15 @@ static void test_multiqueue(void)
 
     alloc = pc_alloc_init();
     for (i = 0; i < queues * 2; i++) {
-        vq[i] = (QVirtQueuePCI *)qvirtqueue_setup(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev,
-                                              alloc, i);
+        vq[i] = (QVirtQueuePCI *)qvirtqueue_setup(&dev->vdev, alloc, i);
     }
 
-    driver_init(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
+    driver_init(&dev->vdev);
     wait_for_rings_started(s, queues * 2);
 
     /* End test */
     for (i = 0; i < queues * 2; i++) {
-        qvirtqueue_cleanup(&qvirtio_pci, &vq[i]->vq, alloc);
+        qvirtqueue_cleanup(dev->vdev.bus, &vq[i]->vq, alloc);
     }
     pc_alloc_uninit(alloc);
     qvirtio_pci_device_disable(dev);
diff --git a/tests/virtio-9p-test.c b/tests/virtio-9p-test.c
index e8b21967d8..2341622a3b 100644
--- a/tests/virtio-9p-test.c
+++ b/tests/virtio-9p-test.c
@@ -71,17 +71,17 @@ static QVirtIO9P *qvirtio_9p_pci_init(void)
     v9p->dev = (QVirtioDevice *) dev;
 
     qvirtio_pci_device_enable(dev);
-    qvirtio_reset(&qvirtio_pci, v9p->dev);
-    qvirtio_set_acknowledge(&qvirtio_pci, v9p->dev);
-    qvirtio_set_driver(&qvirtio_pci, v9p->dev);
+    qvirtio_reset(v9p->dev);
+    qvirtio_set_acknowledge(v9p->dev);
+    qvirtio_set_driver(v9p->dev);
 
-    v9p->vq = qvirtqueue_setup(&qvirtio_pci, v9p->dev, v9p->alloc, 0);
+    v9p->vq = qvirtqueue_setup(v9p->dev, v9p->alloc, 0);
     return v9p;
 }
 
 static void qvirtio_9p_pci_free(QVirtIO9P *v9p)
 {
-    qvirtqueue_cleanup(&qvirtio_pci, v9p->vq, v9p->alloc);
+    qvirtqueue_cleanup(v9p->dev->bus, v9p->vq, v9p->alloc);
     pc_alloc_uninit(v9p->alloc);
     qvirtio_pci_device_disable(container_of(v9p->dev, QVirtioPCIDevice, vdev));
     g_free(v9p->dev);
@@ -101,15 +101,14 @@ static void pci_basic_config(void)
     v9p = qvirtio_9p_pci_init();
 
     addr = ((QVirtioPCIDevice *) v9p->dev)->addr + VIRTIO_PCI_CONFIG_OFF(false);
-    tag_len = qvirtio_config_readw(&qvirtio_pci, v9p->dev,
+    tag_len = qvirtio_config_readw(v9p->dev,
                                    (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr);
     g_assert_cmpint(tag_len, ==, strlen(mount_tag));
     addr += sizeof(uint16_t);
 
     tag = g_malloc(tag_len);
     for (i = 0; i < tag_len; i++) {
-        tag[i] = qvirtio_config_readb(&qvirtio_pci, v9p->dev,
-                                      (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr + i);
+        tag[i] = qvirtio_config_readb(v9p->dev, (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr + i);
     }
     g_assert_cmpmem(tag, tag_len, mount_tag, tag_len);
     g_free(tag);
diff --git a/tests/virtio-blk-test.c b/tests/virtio-blk-test.c
index 0506917341..9a6f2cff97 100644
--- a/tests/virtio-blk-test.c
+++ b/tests/virtio-blk-test.c
@@ -110,9 +110,9 @@ static QVirtioPCIDevice *virtio_blk_pci_init(QPCIBus *bus, int slot)
     g_assert_cmphex(dev->pdev->devfn, ==, ((slot << 3) | PCI_FN));
 
     qvirtio_pci_device_enable(dev);
-    qvirtio_reset(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
-    qvirtio_set_acknowledge(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
-    qvirtio_set_driver(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_reset(&dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_set_acknowledge(&dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_set_driver(&dev->vdev);
 
     return dev;
 }
@@ -150,8 +150,8 @@ static uint64_t virtio_blk_request(QGuestAllocator *alloc, QVirtioBlkReq *req,
     return addr;
 }
 
-static void test_basic(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev,
-            QGuestAllocator *alloc, QVirtQueue *vq, uint64_t device_specific)
+static void test_basic(QVirtioDevice *dev, QGuestAllocator *alloc,
+                       QVirtQueue *vq, uint64_t device_specific)
 {
     QVirtioBlkReq req;
     uint64_t req_addr;
@@ -161,18 +161,18 @@ static void test_basic(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev,
     uint8_t status;
     char *data;
 
-    capacity = qvirtio_config_readq(bus, dev, device_specific);
+    capacity = qvirtio_config_readq(dev, device_specific);
 
     g_assert_cmpint(capacity, ==, TEST_IMAGE_SIZE / 512);
 
-    features = qvirtio_get_features(bus, dev);
+    features = qvirtio_get_features(dev);
     features = features & ~(QVIRTIO_F_BAD_FEATURE |
                     (1u << VIRTIO_RING_F_INDIRECT_DESC) |
                     (1u << VIRTIO_RING_F_EVENT_IDX) |
                     (1u << VIRTIO_BLK_F_SCSI));
-    qvirtio_set_features(bus, dev, features);
+    qvirtio_set_features(dev, features);
 
-    qvirtio_set_driver_ok(bus, dev);
+    qvirtio_set_driver_ok(dev);
 
     /* Write and read with 3 descriptor layout */
     /* Write request */
@@ -190,9 +190,9 @@ static void test_basic(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev,
     qvirtqueue_add(vq, req_addr + 16, 512, false, true);
     qvirtqueue_add(vq, req_addr + 528, 1, true, false);
 
-    qvirtqueue_kick(bus, dev, vq, free_head);
+    qvirtqueue_kick(dev, vq, free_head);
 
-    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(bus, dev, vq, QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
+    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(dev, vq, QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
     status = readb(req_addr + 528);
     g_assert_cmpint(status, ==, 0);
 
@@ -212,9 +212,9 @@ static void test_basic(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev,
     qvirtqueue_add(vq, req_addr + 16, 512, true, true);
     qvirtqueue_add(vq, req_addr + 528, 1, true, false);
 
-    qvirtqueue_kick(bus, dev, vq, free_head);
+    qvirtqueue_kick(dev, vq, free_head);
 
-    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(bus, dev, vq, QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
+    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(dev, vq, QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
     status = readb(req_addr + 528);
     g_assert_cmpint(status, ==, 0);
 
@@ -240,9 +240,9 @@ static void test_basic(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev,
 
         free_head = qvirtqueue_add(vq, req_addr, 528, false, true);
         qvirtqueue_add(vq, req_addr + 528, 1, true, false);
-        qvirtqueue_kick(bus, dev, vq, free_head);
+        qvirtqueue_kick(dev, vq, free_head);
 
-        qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(bus, dev, vq, QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
+        qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(dev, vq, QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
         status = readb(req_addr + 528);
         g_assert_cmpint(status, ==, 0);
 
@@ -261,9 +261,9 @@ static void test_basic(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev,
         free_head = qvirtqueue_add(vq, req_addr, 16, false, true);
         qvirtqueue_add(vq, req_addr + 16, 513, true, false);
 
-        qvirtqueue_kick(bus, dev, vq, free_head);
+        qvirtqueue_kick(dev, vq, free_head);
 
-        qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(bus, dev, vq, QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
+        qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(dev, vq, QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
         status = readb(req_addr + 528);
         g_assert_cmpint(status, ==, 0);
 
@@ -288,17 +288,15 @@ static void pci_basic(void)
     dev = virtio_blk_pci_init(bus, PCI_SLOT);
 
     alloc = pc_alloc_init();
-    vqpci = (QVirtQueuePCI *)qvirtqueue_setup(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev,
-                                                                    alloc, 0);
+    vqpci = (QVirtQueuePCI *)qvirtqueue_setup(&dev->vdev, alloc, 0);
 
     /* MSI-X is not enabled */
     addr = dev->addr + VIRTIO_PCI_CONFIG_OFF(false);
 
-    test_basic(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, alloc, &vqpci->vq,
-                                                    (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr);
+    test_basic(&dev->vdev, alloc, &vqpci->vq, (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr);
 
     /* End test */
-    qvirtqueue_cleanup(&qvirtio_pci, &vqpci->vq, alloc);
+    qvirtqueue_cleanup(dev->vdev.bus, &vqpci->vq, alloc);
     pc_alloc_uninit(alloc);
     qvirtio_pci_device_disable(dev);
     g_free(dev);
@@ -329,21 +327,19 @@ static void pci_indirect(void)
     /* MSI-X is not enabled */
     addr = dev->addr + VIRTIO_PCI_CONFIG_OFF(false);
 
-    capacity = qvirtio_config_readq(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev,
-                                                    (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr);
+    capacity = qvirtio_config_readq(&dev->vdev, (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr);
     g_assert_cmpint(capacity, ==, TEST_IMAGE_SIZE / 512);
 
-    features = qvirtio_get_features(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
+    features = qvirtio_get_features(&dev->vdev);
     g_assert_cmphex(features & (1u << VIRTIO_RING_F_INDIRECT_DESC), !=, 0);
     features = features & ~(QVIRTIO_F_BAD_FEATURE |
                             (1u << VIRTIO_RING_F_EVENT_IDX) |
                             (1u << VIRTIO_BLK_F_SCSI));
-    qvirtio_set_features(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, features);
+    qvirtio_set_features(&dev->vdev, features);
 
     alloc = pc_alloc_init();
-    vqpci = (QVirtQueuePCI *)qvirtqueue_setup(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev,
-                                                                    alloc, 0);
-    qvirtio_set_driver_ok(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
+    vqpci = (QVirtQueuePCI *)qvirtqueue_setup(&dev->vdev, alloc, 0);
+    qvirtio_set_driver_ok(&dev->vdev);
 
     /* Write request */
     req.type = VIRTIO_BLK_T_OUT;
@@ -360,9 +356,9 @@ static void pci_indirect(void)
     qvring_indirect_desc_add(indirect, req_addr, 528, false);
     qvring_indirect_desc_add(indirect, req_addr + 528, 1, true);
     free_head = qvirtqueue_add_indirect(&vqpci->vq, indirect);
-    qvirtqueue_kick(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq, free_head);
+    qvirtqueue_kick(&dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq, free_head);
 
-    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq,
+    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(&dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq,
                            QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
     status = readb(req_addr + 528);
     g_assert_cmpint(status, ==, 0);
@@ -385,9 +381,9 @@ static void pci_indirect(void)
     qvring_indirect_desc_add(indirect, req_addr, 16, false);
     qvring_indirect_desc_add(indirect, req_addr + 16, 513, true);
     free_head = qvirtqueue_add_indirect(&vqpci->vq, indirect);
-    qvirtqueue_kick(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq, free_head);
+    qvirtqueue_kick(&dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq, free_head);
 
-    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq,
+    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(&dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq,
                            QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
     status = readb(req_addr + 528);
     g_assert_cmpint(status, ==, 0);
@@ -401,7 +397,7 @@ static void pci_indirect(void)
     guest_free(alloc, req_addr);
 
     /* End test */
-    qvirtqueue_cleanup(&qvirtio_pci, &vqpci->vq, alloc);
+    qvirtqueue_cleanup(dev->vdev.bus, &vqpci->vq, alloc);
     pc_alloc_uninit(alloc);
     qvirtio_pci_device_disable(dev);
     g_free(dev);
@@ -424,18 +420,16 @@ static void pci_config(void)
     /* MSI-X is not enabled */
     addr = dev->addr + VIRTIO_PCI_CONFIG_OFF(false);
 
-    capacity = qvirtio_config_readq(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev,
-                                                    (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr);
+    capacity = qvirtio_config_readq(&dev->vdev, (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr);
     g_assert_cmpint(capacity, ==, TEST_IMAGE_SIZE / 512);
 
-    qvirtio_set_driver_ok(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_set_driver_ok(&dev->vdev);
 
     qmp("{ 'execute': 'block_resize', 'arguments': { 'device': 'drive0', "
                                                     " 'size': %d } }", n_size);
-    qvirtio_wait_config_isr(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
+    qvirtio_wait_config_isr(&dev->vdev, QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
 
-    capacity = qvirtio_config_readq(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev,
-                                                    (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr);
+    capacity = qvirtio_config_readq(&dev->vdev, (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr);
     g_assert_cmpint(capacity, ==, n_size / 512);
 
     qvirtio_pci_device_disable(dev);
@@ -471,30 +465,27 @@ static void pci_msix(void)
     /* MSI-X is enabled */
     addr = dev->addr + VIRTIO_PCI_CONFIG_OFF(true);
 
-    capacity = qvirtio_config_readq(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev,
-                                                    (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr);
+    capacity = qvirtio_config_readq(&dev->vdev, (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr);
     g_assert_cmpint(capacity, ==, TEST_IMAGE_SIZE / 512);
 
-    features = qvirtio_get_features(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
+    features = qvirtio_get_features(&dev->vdev);
     features = features & ~(QVIRTIO_F_BAD_FEATURE |
                             (1u << VIRTIO_RING_F_INDIRECT_DESC) |
                             (1u << VIRTIO_RING_F_EVENT_IDX) |
                             (1u << VIRTIO_BLK_F_SCSI));
-    qvirtio_set_features(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, features);
+    qvirtio_set_features(&dev->vdev, features);
 
-    vqpci = (QVirtQueuePCI *)qvirtqueue_setup(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev,
-                                                                    alloc, 0);
+    vqpci = (QVirtQueuePCI *)qvirtqueue_setup(&dev->vdev, alloc, 0);
     qvirtqueue_pci_msix_setup(dev, vqpci, alloc, 1);
 
-    qvirtio_set_driver_ok(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_set_driver_ok(&dev->vdev);
 
     qmp("{ 'execute': 'block_resize', 'arguments': { 'device': 'drive0', "
                                                     " 'size': %d } }", n_size);
 
-    qvirtio_wait_config_isr(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
+    qvirtio_wait_config_isr(&dev->vdev, QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
 
-    capacity = qvirtio_config_readq(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev,
-                                                    (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr);
+    capacity = qvirtio_config_readq(&dev->vdev, (uintptr_t)addr);
     g_assert_cmpint(capacity, ==, n_size / 512);
 
     /* Write request */
@@ -511,9 +502,9 @@ static void pci_msix(void)
     free_head = qvirtqueue_add(&vqpci->vq, req_addr, 16, false, true);
     qvirtqueue_add(&vqpci->vq, req_addr + 16, 512, false, true);
     qvirtqueue_add(&vqpci->vq, req_addr + 528, 1, true, false);
-    qvirtqueue_kick(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq, free_head);
+    qvirtqueue_kick(&dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq, free_head);
 
-    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq,
+    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(&dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq,
                            QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
 
     status = readb(req_addr + 528);
@@ -535,10 +526,10 @@ static void pci_msix(void)
     qvirtqueue_add(&vqpci->vq, req_addr + 16, 512, true, true);
     qvirtqueue_add(&vqpci->vq, req_addr + 528, 1, true, false);
 
-    qvirtqueue_kick(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq, free_head);
+    qvirtqueue_kick(&dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq, free_head);
 
 
-    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq,
+    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(&dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq,
                            QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
 
     status = readb(req_addr + 528);
@@ -552,7 +543,7 @@ static void pci_msix(void)
     guest_free(alloc, req_addr);
 
     /* End test */
-    qvirtqueue_cleanup(&qvirtio_pci, &vqpci->vq, alloc);
+    qvirtqueue_cleanup(dev->vdev.bus, &vqpci->vq, alloc);
     pc_alloc_uninit(alloc);
     qpci_msix_disable(dev->pdev);
     qvirtio_pci_device_disable(dev);
@@ -587,22 +578,20 @@ static void pci_idx(void)
     /* MSI-X is enabled */
     addr = dev->addr + VIRTIO_PCI_CONFIG_OFF(true);
 
-    capacity = qvirtio_config_readq(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev,
-                                                    (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr);
+    capacity = qvirtio_config_readq(&dev->vdev, (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr);
     g_assert_cmpint(capacity, ==, TEST_IMAGE_SIZE / 512);
 
-    features = qvirtio_get_features(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
+    features = qvirtio_get_features(&dev->vdev);
     features = features & ~(QVIRTIO_F_BAD_FEATURE |
                             (1u << VIRTIO_RING_F_INDIRECT_DESC) |
                             (1u << VIRTIO_F_NOTIFY_ON_EMPTY) |
                             (1u << VIRTIO_BLK_F_SCSI));
-    qvirtio_set_features(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, features);
+    qvirtio_set_features(&dev->vdev, features);
 
-    vqpci = (QVirtQueuePCI *)qvirtqueue_setup(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev,
-                                                                    alloc, 0);
+    vqpci = (QVirtQueuePCI *)qvirtqueue_setup(&dev->vdev, alloc, 0);
     qvirtqueue_pci_msix_setup(dev, vqpci, alloc, 1);
 
-    qvirtio_set_driver_ok(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_set_driver_ok(&dev->vdev);
 
     /* Write request */
     req.type = VIRTIO_BLK_T_OUT;
@@ -618,10 +607,9 @@ static void pci_idx(void)
     free_head = qvirtqueue_add(&vqpci->vq, req_addr, 16, false, true);
     qvirtqueue_add(&vqpci->vq, req_addr + 16, 512, false, true);
     qvirtqueue_add(&vqpci->vq, req_addr + 528, 1, true, false);
-    qvirtqueue_kick(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq, free_head);
+    qvirtqueue_kick(&dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq, free_head);
 
-    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq,
-                           QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
+    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(&dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq, QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
 
     /* Write request */
     req.type = VIRTIO_BLK_T_OUT;
@@ -639,10 +627,10 @@ static void pci_idx(void)
     free_head = qvirtqueue_add(&vqpci->vq, req_addr, 16, false, true);
     qvirtqueue_add(&vqpci->vq, req_addr + 16, 512, false, true);
     qvirtqueue_add(&vqpci->vq, req_addr + 528, 1, true, false);
-    qvirtqueue_kick(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq, free_head);
+    qvirtqueue_kick(&dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq, free_head);
 
     /* No notification expected */
-    status = qvirtio_wait_status_byte_no_isr(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev,
+    status = qvirtio_wait_status_byte_no_isr(&dev->vdev,
                                              &vqpci->vq, req_addr + 528,
                                              QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
     g_assert_cmpint(status, ==, 0);
@@ -663,9 +651,9 @@ static void pci_idx(void)
     qvirtqueue_add(&vqpci->vq, req_addr + 16, 512, true, true);
     qvirtqueue_add(&vqpci->vq, req_addr + 528, 1, true, false);
 
-    qvirtqueue_kick(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq, free_head);
+    qvirtqueue_kick(&dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq, free_head);
 
-    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq,
+    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(&dev->vdev, &vqpci->vq,
                            QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
 
     status = readb(req_addr + 528);
@@ -679,7 +667,7 @@ static void pci_idx(void)
     guest_free(alloc, req_addr);
 
     /* End test */
-    qvirtqueue_cleanup(&qvirtio_pci, &vqpci->vq, alloc);
+    qvirtqueue_cleanup(dev->vdev.bus, &vqpci->vq, alloc);
     pc_alloc_uninit(alloc);
     qpci_msix_disable(dev->pdev);
     qvirtio_pci_device_disable(dev);
@@ -724,28 +712,25 @@ static void mmio_basic(void)
     g_assert(dev != NULL);
     g_assert_cmphex(dev->vdev.device_type, ==, VIRTIO_ID_BLOCK);
 
-    qvirtio_reset(&qvirtio_mmio, &dev->vdev);
-    qvirtio_set_acknowledge(&qvirtio_mmio, &dev->vdev);
-    qvirtio_set_driver(&qvirtio_mmio, &dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_reset(&dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_set_acknowledge(&dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_set_driver(&dev->vdev);
 
     alloc = generic_alloc_init(MMIO_RAM_ADDR, MMIO_RAM_SIZE, MMIO_PAGE_SIZE);
-    vq = qvirtqueue_setup(&qvirtio_mmio, &dev->vdev, alloc, 0);
+    vq = qvirtqueue_setup(&dev->vdev, alloc, 0);
 
-    test_basic(&qvirtio_mmio, &dev->vdev, alloc, vq,
-                            QVIRTIO_MMIO_DEVICE_SPECIFIC);
+    test_basic(&dev->vdev, alloc, vq, QVIRTIO_MMIO_DEVICE_SPECIFIC);
 
     qmp("{ 'execute': 'block_resize', 'arguments': { 'device': 'drive0', "
                                                     " 'size': %d } }", n_size);
 
-    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(&qvirtio_mmio, &dev->vdev, vq,
-                           QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
+    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(&dev->vdev, vq, QVIRTIO_BLK_TIMEOUT_US);
 
-    capacity = qvirtio_config_readq(&qvirtio_mmio, &dev->vdev,
-                                                QVIRTIO_MMIO_DEVICE_SPECIFIC);
+    capacity = qvirtio_config_readq(&dev->vdev, QVIRTIO_MMIO_DEVICE_SPECIFIC);
     g_assert_cmpint(capacity, ==, n_size / 512);
 
     /* End test */
-    qvirtqueue_cleanup(&qvirtio_mmio, vq, alloc);
+    qvirtqueue_cleanup(dev->vdev.bus, vq, alloc);
     generic_alloc_uninit(alloc);
     g_free(dev);
     test_end();
diff --git a/tests/virtio-net-test.c b/tests/virtio-net-test.c
index a343a6b048..6fa385e90e 100644
--- a/tests/virtio-net-test.c
+++ b/tests/virtio-net-test.c
@@ -46,9 +46,9 @@ static QVirtioPCIDevice *virtio_net_pci_init(QPCIBus *bus, int slot)
     g_assert_cmphex(dev->vdev.device_type, ==, VIRTIO_ID_NET);
 
     qvirtio_pci_device_enable(dev);
-    qvirtio_reset(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
-    qvirtio_set_acknowledge(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
-    qvirtio_set_driver(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_reset(&dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_set_acknowledge(&dev->vdev);
+    qvirtio_set_driver(&dev->vdev);
 
     return dev;
 }
@@ -65,20 +65,20 @@ static QPCIBus *pci_test_start(int socket)
     return qpci_init_pc(NULL);
 }
 
-static void driver_init(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev)
+static void driver_init(QVirtioDevice *dev)
 {
     uint32_t features;
 
-    features = qvirtio_get_features(bus, dev);
+    features = qvirtio_get_features(dev);
     features = features & ~(QVIRTIO_F_BAD_FEATURE |
                             (1u << VIRTIO_RING_F_INDIRECT_DESC) |
                             (1u << VIRTIO_RING_F_EVENT_IDX));
-    qvirtio_set_features(bus, dev, features);
+    qvirtio_set_features(dev, features);
 
-    qvirtio_set_driver_ok(bus, dev);
+    qvirtio_set_driver_ok(dev);
 }
 
-static void rx_test(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev,
+static void rx_test(QVirtioDevice *dev,
                     QGuestAllocator *alloc, QVirtQueue *vq,
                     int socket)
 {
@@ -101,19 +101,19 @@ static void rx_test(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev,
     req_addr = guest_alloc(alloc, 64);
 
     free_head = qvirtqueue_add(vq, req_addr, 64, true, false);
-    qvirtqueue_kick(bus, dev, vq, free_head);
+    qvirtqueue_kick(dev, vq, free_head);
 
     ret = iov_send(socket, iov, 2, 0, sizeof(len) + sizeof(test));
     g_assert_cmpint(ret, ==, sizeof(test) + sizeof(len));
 
-    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(bus, dev, vq, QVIRTIO_NET_TIMEOUT_US);
+    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(dev, vq, QVIRTIO_NET_TIMEOUT_US);
     memread(req_addr + VNET_HDR_SIZE, buffer, sizeof(test));
     g_assert_cmpstr(buffer, ==, "TEST");
 
     guest_free(alloc, req_addr);
 }
 
-static void tx_test(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev,
+static void tx_test(QVirtioDevice *dev,
                     QGuestAllocator *alloc, QVirtQueue *vq,
                     int socket)
 {
@@ -127,9 +127,9 @@ static void tx_test(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev,
     memwrite(req_addr + VNET_HDR_SIZE, "TEST", 4);
 
     free_head = qvirtqueue_add(vq, req_addr, 64, false, false);
-    qvirtqueue_kick(bus, dev, vq, free_head);
+    qvirtqueue_kick(dev, vq, free_head);
 
-    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(bus, dev, vq, QVIRTIO_NET_TIMEOUT_US);
+    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(dev, vq, QVIRTIO_NET_TIMEOUT_US);
     guest_free(alloc, req_addr);
 
     ret = qemu_recv(socket, &len, sizeof(len), 0);
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ static void tx_test(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev,
     g_assert_cmpstr(buffer, ==, "TEST");
 }
 
-static void rx_stop_cont_test(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev,
+static void rx_stop_cont_test(QVirtioDevice *dev,
                               QGuestAllocator *alloc, QVirtQueue *vq,
                               int socket)
 {
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ static void rx_stop_cont_test(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev,
     req_addr = guest_alloc(alloc, 64);
 
     free_head = qvirtqueue_add(vq, req_addr, 64, true, false);
-    qvirtqueue_kick(bus, dev, vq, free_head);
+    qvirtqueue_kick(dev, vq, free_head);
 
     rsp = qmp("{ 'execute' : 'stop'}");
     QDECREF(rsp);
@@ -180,26 +180,26 @@ static void rx_stop_cont_test(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev,
     rsp = qmp("{ 'execute' : 'cont'}");
     QDECREF(rsp);
 
-    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(bus, dev, vq, QVIRTIO_NET_TIMEOUT_US);
+    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(dev, vq, QVIRTIO_NET_TIMEOUT_US);
     memread(req_addr + VNET_HDR_SIZE, buffer, sizeof(test));
     g_assert_cmpstr(buffer, ==, "TEST");
 
     guest_free(alloc, req_addr);
 }
 
-static void send_recv_test(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev,
+static void send_recv_test(QVirtioDevice *dev,
                            QGuestAllocator *alloc, QVirtQueue *rvq,
                            QVirtQueue *tvq, int socket)
 {
-    rx_test(bus, dev, alloc, rvq, socket);
-    tx_test(bus, dev, alloc, tvq, socket);
+    rx_test(dev, alloc, rvq, socket);
+    tx_test(dev, alloc, tvq, socket);
 }
 
-static void stop_cont_test(const QVirtioBus *bus, QVirtioDevice *dev,
+static void stop_cont_test(QVirtioDevice *dev,
                            QGuestAllocator *alloc, QVirtQueue *rvq,
                            QVirtQueue *tvq, int socket)
 {
-    rx_stop_cont_test(bus, dev, alloc, rvq, socket);
+    rx_stop_cont_test(dev, alloc, rvq, socket);
 }
 
 static void pci_basic(gconstpointer data)
@@ -208,8 +208,7 @@ static void pci_basic(gconstpointer data)
     QPCIBus *bus;
     QVirtQueuePCI *tx, *rx;
     QGuestAllocator *alloc;
-    void (*func) (const QVirtioBus *bus,
-                  QVirtioDevice *dev,
+    void (*func) (QVirtioDevice *dev,
                   QGuestAllocator *alloc,
                   QVirtQueue *rvq,
                   QVirtQueue *tvq,
@@ -223,18 +222,16 @@ static void pci_basic(gconstpointer data)
     dev = virtio_net_pci_init(bus, PCI_SLOT);
 
     alloc = pc_alloc_init();
-    rx = (QVirtQueuePCI *)qvirtqueue_setup(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev,
-                                           alloc, 0);
-    tx = (QVirtQueuePCI *)qvirtqueue_setup(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev,
-                                           alloc, 1);
+    rx = (QVirtQueuePCI *)qvirtqueue_setup(&dev->vdev, alloc, 0);
+    tx = (QVirtQueuePCI *)qvirtqueue_setup(&dev->vdev, alloc, 1);
 
-    driver_init(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev);
-    func(&qvirtio_pci, &dev->vdev, alloc, &rx->vq, &tx->vq, sv[0]);
+    driver_init(&dev->vdev);
+    func(&dev->vdev, alloc, &rx->vq, &tx->vq, sv[0]);
 
     /* End test */
     close(sv[0]);
-    qvirtqueue_cleanup(&qvirtio_pci, &tx->vq, alloc);
-    qvirtqueue_cleanup(&qvirtio_pci, &rx->vq, alloc);
+    qvirtqueue_cleanup(dev->vdev.bus, &tx->vq, alloc);
+    qvirtqueue_cleanup(dev->vdev.bus, &rx->vq, alloc);
     pc_alloc_uninit(alloc);
     qvirtio_pci_device_disable(dev);
     g_free(dev->pdev);
diff --git a/tests/virtio-scsi-test.c b/tests/virtio-scsi-test.c
index 94d75b1493..3dbec2f5f0 100644
--- a/tests/virtio-scsi-test.c
+++ b/tests/virtio-scsi-test.c
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ static void qvirtio_scsi_pci_free(QVirtIOSCSI *vs)
     int i;
 
     for (i = 0; i < vs->num_queues + 2; i++) {
-        qvirtqueue_cleanup(&qvirtio_pci, vs->vq[i], vs->alloc);
+        qvirtqueue_cleanup(vs->dev->bus, vs->vq[i], vs->alloc);
     }
     pc_alloc_uninit(vs->alloc);
     qvirtio_pci_device_disable(container_of(vs->dev, QVirtioPCIDevice, vdev));
@@ -119,8 +119,8 @@ static uint8_t virtio_scsi_do_command(QVirtIOSCSI *vs, const uint8_t *cdb,
         qvirtqueue_add(vq, data_in_addr, data_in_len, true, false);
     }
 
-    qvirtqueue_kick(&qvirtio_pci, vs->dev, vq, free_head);
-    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(&qvirtio_pci, vs->dev, vq, QVIRTIO_SCSI_TIMEOUT_US);
+    qvirtqueue_kick(vs->dev, vq, free_head);
+    qvirtio_wait_queue_isr(vs->dev, vq, QVIRTIO_SCSI_TIMEOUT_US);
 
     response = readb(resp_addr +
                      offsetof(struct virtio_scsi_cmd_resp, response));
@@ -155,18 +155,17 @@ static QVirtIOSCSI *qvirtio_scsi_pci_init(int slot)
     g_assert_cmphex(vs->dev->device_type, ==, VIRTIO_ID_SCSI);
 
     qvirtio_pci_device_enable(dev);
-    qvirtio_reset(&qvirtio_pci, vs->dev);
-    qvirtio_set_acknowledge(&qvirtio_pci, vs->dev);
-    qvirtio_set_driver(&qvirtio_pci, vs->dev);
+    qvirtio_reset(vs->dev);
+    qvirtio_set_acknowledge(vs->dev);
+    qvirtio_set_driver(vs->dev);
 
     addr = dev->addr + VIRTIO_PCI_CONFIG_OFF(false);
-    vs->num_queues = qvirtio_config_readl(&qvirtio_pci, vs->dev,
-                                          (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr);
+    vs->num_queues = qvirtio_config_readl(vs->dev, (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)addr);
 
     g_assert_cmpint(vs->num_queues, <, MAX_NUM_QUEUES);
 
     for (i = 0; i < vs->num_queues + 2; i++) {
-        vs->vq[i] = qvirtqueue_setup(&qvirtio_pci, vs->dev, vs->alloc, i);
+        vs->vq[i] = qvirtqueue_setup(vs->dev, vs->alloc, i);
     }
 
     /* Clear the POWER ON OCCURRED unit attention */