diff --git a/target/arm/internals.h b/target/arm/internals.h
index 680c574717..3c7341e774 100644
--- a/target/arm/internals.h
+++ b/target/arm/internals.h
@@ -611,6 +611,7 @@ G_NORETURN void arm_cpu_do_unaligned_access(CPUState *cs, vaddr vaddr,
                                             MMUAccessType access_type,
                                             int mmu_idx, uintptr_t retaddr);
 
+#ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
 /* arm_cpu_do_transaction_failed: handle a memory system error response
  * (eg "no device/memory present at address") by raising an external abort
  * exception
@@ -620,6 +621,7 @@ void arm_cpu_do_transaction_failed(CPUState *cs, hwaddr physaddr,
                                    MMUAccessType access_type,
                                    int mmu_idx, MemTxAttrs attrs,
                                    MemTxResult response, uintptr_t retaddr);
+#endif
 
 /* Call any registered EL change hooks */
 static inline void arm_call_pre_el_change_hook(ARMCPU *cpu)
diff --git a/target/m68k/cpu.h b/target/m68k/cpu.h
index 68ed531fc3..048d5aae2b 100644
--- a/target/m68k/cpu.h
+++ b/target/m68k/cpu.h
@@ -581,10 +581,12 @@ static inline int cpu_mmu_index (CPUM68KState *env, bool ifetch)
 bool m68k_cpu_tlb_fill(CPUState *cs, vaddr address, int size,
                        MMUAccessType access_type, int mmu_idx,
                        bool probe, uintptr_t retaddr);
+#ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
 void m68k_cpu_transaction_failed(CPUState *cs, hwaddr physaddr, vaddr addr,
                                  unsigned size, MMUAccessType access_type,
                                  int mmu_idx, MemTxAttrs attrs,
                                  MemTxResult response, uintptr_t retaddr);
+#endif
 
 #include "exec/cpu-all.h"
 
diff --git a/target/riscv/cpu.h b/target/riscv/cpu.h
index df9cbc0d3f..d8e72c3e7c 100644
--- a/target/riscv/cpu.h
+++ b/target/riscv/cpu.h
@@ -579,11 +579,6 @@ G_NORETURN void  riscv_cpu_do_unaligned_access(CPUState *cs, vaddr addr,
 bool riscv_cpu_tlb_fill(CPUState *cs, vaddr address, int size,
                         MMUAccessType access_type, int mmu_idx,
                         bool probe, uintptr_t retaddr);
-void riscv_cpu_do_transaction_failed(CPUState *cs, hwaddr physaddr,
-                                     vaddr addr, unsigned size,
-                                     MMUAccessType access_type,
-                                     int mmu_idx, MemTxAttrs attrs,
-                                     MemTxResult response, uintptr_t retaddr);
 char *riscv_isa_string(RISCVCPU *cpu);
 void riscv_cpu_list(void);
 
@@ -591,6 +586,11 @@ void riscv_cpu_list(void);
 #define cpu_mmu_index riscv_cpu_mmu_index
 
 #ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
+void riscv_cpu_do_transaction_failed(CPUState *cs, hwaddr physaddr,
+                                     vaddr addr, unsigned size,
+                                     MMUAccessType access_type,
+                                     int mmu_idx, MemTxAttrs attrs,
+                                     MemTxResult response, uintptr_t retaddr);
 hwaddr riscv_cpu_get_phys_page_debug(CPUState *cpu, vaddr addr);
 bool riscv_cpu_exec_interrupt(CPUState *cs, int interrupt_request);
 void riscv_cpu_swap_hypervisor_regs(CPURISCVState *env);