Some tests create huge (but sparse) files, and to be able to run those
tests in certain limited environments (like CI containers), we have to
check for the possibility to create such files first. Thus let's introduce
a common function to check for large files, and replace the already
existing checks in the iotests 005 and 220 with this function.
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Cleber Rosa <crosa@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Cleber Rosa <crosa@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191204154618.23560-2-thuth@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
So far we only have compile coverage for tci. But since commit
2f160e0f97 ("tci: Add implementation
for INDEX_op_ld16u_i64") has been included now, we can also run the
"tcg" and "qtest" tests with tci, so let's enable them in Travis now.
Since we don't gain much additional test coverage by compiling all
targets, and TCI is broken e.g. with the Sparc targets, we also limit
the target list to a reasonable subset now (which should still get us
test coverage by tests/boot-serial-test for example).
Tested-by: Stefan Weil <sw@weilnetz.de>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191204083133.6198-1-thuth@redhat.com>
[AJB: just --enable-debug-tcg]
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
By default VM build test use qemu-img from system's PATH to
create the image disk. Due the lack of qemu-img on the system
or the desire to simply use a version built with QEMU, it would
be nice to allow one to set its path. So this patch makes that
possible by reading the path to qemu-img from QEMU_IMG if set,
otherwise it fallback to default behavior.
Signed-off-by: Wainer dos Santos Moschetta <wainersm@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191114134246.12073-2-wainersm@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Our docker infrastructure isn't quite as multiarch as we would wish so
lets allow the user to disable it if they want. This will allow us to
use still run check-tcg on non-x86 CI setups.
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Weil <sw@weilnetz.de>
Reviewed-by: Cleber Rosa <crosa@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Cleber Rosa <crosa@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
We need to actually fetch the cpu mask and set it. As we invert the
short psw indication in the mask, SIE will report a specification
exception, if it wasn't present in the reset psw.
Signed-off-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191129142025.21453-2-frankja@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com>
We need to set the short psw indication bit in the reset psw, as it is
a short psw.
Exposed by "s390x: Properly fetch and test the short psw on diag308
subc 0/1".
Fixes: 9629823290 ("pc-bios/s390-ccw: do a subsystem reset before running the guest")
Signed-off-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com>
Message-Id: <20191203132813.2734-5-frankja@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com>
There are currently two bugs in s390x_code[]: First, the initial jump
uses the wrong offset, so it was jumping to 0x10014 instead of 0x10010.
Second, LHI only loads the lower 32-bit of the register.
Everything worked fine as long as the s390-ccw bios code was jumping
here with r3 containing zeroes in the uppermost 48 bit - which just
happened to be the case so far by accident. But we can not rely on this
fact, and indeed one of the recent suggested patches to jump2ipl.c cause
the newer GCCs to put different values into r3. In that case the code
from s390x_code[] crashes very ungracefully.
Thus let's make sure to jump to the right instruction, and use LGHI
instead of LHI to make sure that we always zero out the upper bits
of the register.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191217150642.27946-1-thuth@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com>
The node has been removed from the texi file some months ago, so we
should remove it from the menu section, too.
Fixes: 27a296fce9 ("qemu-ga: Convert invocation documentation to rST")
Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191216132941.25729-1-thuth@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Laurent Vivier <laurent@vivier.eu>
These are trivially done by performing a memory operation
with the correct mmu_idx. The only tricky part is using
get_address directly in order to get the address wrapped;
we cannot use la2 because of the format.
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Message-Id: <20191211203614.15611-3-richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com>
Split the PER handling for store-to-real-address into its
own helper function, conditionally called when PER is
enabled, just as we do for per_branch and per_ifetch.
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Message-Id: <20191211203614.15611-2-richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com>
This reverts commit bbd9e6985f.
In 20a1922032 we allowed reboot-timeout=-1 again, so update the doc
accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Han Han <hhan@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191205024821.245435-1-hhan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Laurent Vivier <laurent@vivier.eu>
This file hasn't seen a real (non-trivial) update since 2008 anymore,
so we can assume that it is pretty much out of date and nobody cares
for it anymore. Let's simply remove it.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Artyom Tarasenko <atar4qemu@gmail.com>
Message-Id: <20190930171044.25312-1-thuth@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Laurent Vivier <laurent@vivier.eu>
test_keyval_visit_size() should test for trailing crap after size with
and without suffix. It does test the latter: "sz2=16Gi" has size
"16G" followed by crap "i". It fails to test the former "sz1=16E" is
a syntactically valid size that overflows uint64_t. Replace by
"sz1=0Z".
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191125133846.27790-3-armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Laurent Vivier <laurent@vivier.eu>
qemu_strtoi64() assumes int64_t is long long. This is marked FIXME.
Replace by a QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON() to avoid surprises.
Same for qemu_strtou64().
Fix a typo in qemu_strtoul()'s contract while there.
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191125133846.27790-2-armbru@redhat.com>
[lv: removed trailing whitespace]
Signed-off-by: Laurent Vivier <laurent@vivier.eu>
Remove the definition of QMP_ACCEPT_UNKNOWNS as it is unused since
refactoring 5c678ee8d9
Signed-off-by: Yury Kotov <yury-kotov@yandex-team.ru>
Reviewed-by: Marc-André Lureau <marcandre.lureau@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191119110709.13827-1-yury-kotov@yandex-team.ru>
Signed-off-by: Laurent Vivier <laurent@vivier.eu>
The hw/sd/ssi-sd.c file is orphean, add it to the SD section.
Signed-off-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191012065426.10772-2-philmd@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Laurent Vivier <laurent@vivier.eu>
There's a couple of places left in the qcow2 code that still do the
calculation manually, so let's replace them.
Signed-off-by: Alberto Garcia <berto@igalia.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Automatically complete jobs that have a 'ready' state and need an
explicit job-complete. Without this, run_job() would hang for such
jobs.
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Alberto Garcia <berto@igalia.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
run_job() accepts a wait parameter for a timeout, but it doesn't
actually use it. The only thing that is missing is passing it to
events_wait(), so do that now.
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Alberto Garcia <berto@igalia.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Add a function that runs qemu-io and logs the output with the
appropriate filters applied.
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Alberto Garcia <berto@igalia.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
In the common case, qcow2_co_pwrite_zeroes() already only modifies
metadata case, so we're fine with or without BDRV_REQ_NO_FALLBACK set.
The only exception is when using an external data file, where the
request is passed down to the block driver of the external data file. We
are forwarding the BDRV_REQ_NO_FALLBACK flag there, though, so this is
fine, too.
Declare the flag supported therefore.
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Max Reitz <mreitz@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Alberto Garcia <berto@igalia.com>
The error message for a negative speed uses QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER,
which implies that the 'speed' option doesn't even exist:
{"error": {"class": "GenericError", "desc": "Invalid parameter 'speed'"}}
Make it use QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE instead:
{"error": {"class": "GenericError", "desc": "Parameter 'speed' expects a non-negative value"}}
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Alberto Garcia <berto@igalia.com>
Reviewed-by: Max Reitz <mreitz@redhat.com>
If both the create options (qemu-img create -o ...) and the size
parameter were given, the size parameter was silently ignored. Instead,
make specifying two sizes an error.
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Only apply --image-opts to the topmost image when listing an entire
backing chain. It is incorrect to treat backing filenames as image
options. Assuming we have the backing chain t.IMGFMT.base <-
t.IMGFMT.mid <- t.IMGFMT, qemu-img info fails as follows:
$ qemu-img info --backing-chain --image-opts \
driver=qcow2,file.driver=file,file.filename=t.IMGFMT
qemu-img: Could not open 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.mid': Cannot find device=TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.mid nor node_name=TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.mid
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Alberto Garcia <berto@igalia.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Mention that this is a PCI device address & give the format it is
expected in. Also mention that it must be first unbound from any
host kernel driver.
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrangé <berrange@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Test 079 fails in the arm64, s390x and ppc64le LXD containers on Travis
(which we will hopefully enable in our CI soon). These containers
apparently do not allow large files to be created. Test 079 tries to
create a 4G sparse file, which is apparently already too big for these
containers, so check first whether we can really create such files before
executing the test.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Test 060 fails in the arm64, s390x and ppc64le LXD containers on Travis
(which we will hopefully enable in our CI soon). These containers
apparently do not allow large files to be created. The repair process
in test 060 creates a file of 64 GiB, so test first whether such large
files are possible and skip the test if that's not the case.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Some tests create huge (but sparse) files, and to be able to run those
tests in certain limited environments (like CI containers), we have to
check for the possibility to create such files first. Thus let's introduce
a common function to check for large files, and replace the already
existing checks in the iotests 005 and 220 with this function.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
All callers of nbd_iter_channel_error() pass the address of a
local_err variable, and only call this function if an error has
already occurred, using this function to propagate that error.
This is already implied by its name (local_err instead of the classic
errp), but it is worth additionally stressing this by adding an
assertion to make it part of the function contract.
The local_err parameter is not here to return information about
nbd_iter_channel_error failure. Instead it's assumed to be filled when
passed to the function. This is already stressed by its name
(local_err, instead of classic errp). Stress it additionally by
assertion.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-22-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
No reason for local_err here, use errp directly instead.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-21-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
No reason for local_err here, use errp directly instead.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Marc-André Lureau <marcandre.lureau@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Gonglei <arei.gonglei@huawei.com>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-20-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-19-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-18-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Berger <stefanb@linux.ibm.com>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-17-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-16-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-14-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-13-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-12-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@Redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-11-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Rename Error ** parameter in check_only_migratable to common errp.
In device_set_realized:
- Move "if (local_err != NULL)" closer to error setters.
- Drop 'Error **local_errp': it doesn't save any LoCs, but it's very
unusual.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Marc-André Lureau <marcandre.lureau@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-10-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Mostly, Error ** is for returning error from the function, so the
callee sets it. However error_append_security_model_hint and
error_append_socket_sockfd_hint get already filled errp
parameter. They don't change the pointer itself, only change the
internal state of referenced Error object. So we can make it Error
*const * errp, to stress the behavior. It will also help coccinelle
script (in future) to distinguish such cases from common errp usage.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Greg Kurz <groug@kaod.org>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-9-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
[Commit message replaced]
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Mostly, Error ** is for returning error from the function, so the
callee sets it. However kvmppc_hint_smt_possible gets already filled
errp parameter. It doesn't change the pointer itself, only change the
internal state of referenced Error object. So we can make it Error
*const * errp, to stress the behavior. It will also help coccinelle
script (in future) to distinguish such cases from common errp usage.
While there, rename the function to
kvmppc_error_append_smt_possible_hint().
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kurz <groug@kaod.org>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-8-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
[Commit message replaced]
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
This reverts commit cdcca22aab.
Commit cdcca22aab is a superseded version of the next commit that
crept in by accident. Revert it, so the final version applies.
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Mostly, Error ** is for returning error from the function, so the
callee sets it. However qbus_list_bus and qbus_list_dev get already
filled errp parameter. They don't change the pointer itself, only
change the internal state of referenced Error object. So we can make
it Error *const * errp, to stress the behavior. It will also help
coccinelle script (in future) to distinguish such cases from common
errp usage.
While there, rename the functions to
qbus_error_append_bus_list_hint(), qbus_error_append_dev_list_hint().
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-7-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
[Commit message replaced]
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
We don't need Error **, as all callers pass local Error object, which
isn't used after the call, or NULL. Use Error * instead.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-6-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
We don't need Error **, as all callers pass local Error object, which
isn't used after the call. Use Error * instead.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Dr. David Alan Gilbert <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-5-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Mostly, Error ** is for returning error from the function, so the
callee sets it. However these three functions get already filled errp
parameter. They don't change the pointer itself, only change the
internal state of referenced Error object. So we can make it
Error *const * errp, to stress the behavior. It will also help
coccinelle script (in future) to distinguish such cases from common
errp usage.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-4-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
[Commit message typo fixed]
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Variable int err in inner scope shadows Error *err in outer scope.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20191205174635.18758-3-vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>