Commit Graph

26 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Richard W.M. Jones e1a6dc91dd crypto: Implement TLS Pre-Shared Keys (PSK).
Pre-Shared Keys (PSK) is a simpler mechanism for enabling TLS
connections than using certificates.  It requires only a simple secret
key:

  $ mkdir -m 0700 /tmp/keys
  $ psktool -u rjones -p /tmp/keys/keys.psk
  $ cat /tmp/keys/keys.psk
  rjones:d543770c15ad93d76443fb56f501a31969235f47e999720ae8d2336f6a13fcbc

The key can be secretly shared between clients and servers.  Clients
must specify the directory containing the "keys.psk" file and a
username (defaults to "qemu").  Servers must specify only the
directory.

Example NBD client:

  $ qemu-img info \
    --object tls-creds-psk,id=tls0,dir=/tmp/keys,username=rjones,endpoint=client \
    --image-opts \
    file.driver=nbd,file.host=localhost,file.port=10809,file.tls-creds=tls0,file.export=/

Example NBD server using qemu-nbd:

  $ qemu-nbd -t -x / \
    --object tls-creds-psk,id=tls0,endpoint=server,dir=/tmp/keys \
    --tls-creds tls0 \
    image.qcow2

Example NBD server using nbdkit:

  $ nbdkit -n -e / -fv \
    --tls=on --tls-psk=/tmp/keys/keys.psk \
    file file=disk.img

Signed-off-by: Richard W.M. Jones <rjones@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrangé <berrange@redhat.com>
2018-07-03 13:04:38 +01:00
Longpeng(Mike) 9a05977348 crypto: hash: add afalg-backend hash support
Adds afalg-backend hash support: introduces some private APIs
firstly, and then intergrates them into qcrypto_hash_afalg_driver.

Signed-off-by: Longpeng(Mike) <longpeng2@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2017-07-19 10:11:05 +01:00
Longpeng(Mike) 25c60df32b crypto: cipher: add afalg-backend cipher support
Adds afalg-backend cipher support: introduces some private APIs
firstly, and then intergrates them into qcrypto_cipher_afalg_driver.

Signed-off-by: Longpeng(Mike) <longpeng2@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2017-07-19 10:11:05 +01:00
Longpeng(Mike) f0d92b56d8 crypto: introduce some common functions for af_alg backend
The AF_ALG socket family is the userspace interface for linux
crypto API, this patch adds af_alg family support and some common
functions for af_alg backend. It'll be used by afalg-backend crypto
latter.

Signed-off-by: Longpeng(Mike) <longpeng2@huawei.com>

Maintainer: modified to report an error if AF_ALG is requested
but cannot be supported

Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2017-07-19 10:11:05 +01:00
Longpeng(Mike) 12a4f2162a crypto: add HMAC algorithms framework
This patch introduce HMAC algorithms framework.

Signed-off-by: Longpeng(Mike) <longpeng2@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2016-12-22 09:24:59 +00:00
Daniel P. Berrange 2165477c0f crypto: use glib as fallback for hash algorithm
GLib >= 2.16 provides GChecksum API which is good enough
for md5, sha1, sha256 and sha512. Use this as a final
fallback if neither nettle or gcrypt are available. This
lets us remove the stub hash impl, and so callers can
be sure those 4 algs are always available at compile
time. They may still be disabled at runtime, so a check
for qcrypto_hash_supports() is still best practice to
report good error messages.

Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2016-07-21 10:46:27 +01:00
Daniel P. Berrange f3c8355c7a crypto: use /dev/[u]random as a final fallback random source
If neither gcrypt or gnutls are available to provide a
cryptographic random number generator, fallback to consuming
bytes directly from /dev/[u]random.

Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2016-07-21 10:46:27 +01:00
Daniel P. Berrange 0c16c056a4 crypto: switch hash code to use nettle/gcrypt directly
Currently the internal hash code is using the gnutls hash APIs.
GNUTLS in turn is wrapping either nettle or gcrypt. Not only
were the GNUTLS hash APIs not added until GNUTLS 2.9.10, but
they don't expose support for all the algorithms QEMU needs
to use with LUKS.

Address this by directly wrapping nettle/gcrypt in QEMU and
avoiding GNUTLS's extra layer of indirection. This gives us
support for hash functions on a much wider range of platforms
and opens up ability to support more hash functions. It also
avoids a GNUTLS bug which would not correctly handle hashing
of large data blocks if int != size_t.

Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2016-07-04 10:47:09 +01:00
Daniel P. Berrange fff2f982ab crypto: do an explicit check for nettle pbkdf functions
Support for the PBKDF functions in nettle was not introduced
until version 2.6. Some distros QEMU targets have older
versions and thus lack PBKDF support. Address this by doing
a check in configure for the desired function and then skipping
compilation of the nettle-pbkdf.o module

Reported-by: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2016-03-30 14:55:11 +01:00
Daniel P. Berrange 3e308f20ed crypto: implement the LUKS block encryption format
Provide a block encryption implementation that follows the
LUKS/dm-crypt specification.

This supports all combinations of hash, cipher algorithm,
cipher mode and iv generator that are implemented by the
current crypto layer.

There is support for opening existing volumes formatted
by dm-crypt, and for formatting new volumes. In the latter
case it will only use key slot 0.

Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2016-03-17 16:50:40 +00:00
Daniel P. Berrange 7d9690148a crypto: add block encryption framework
Add a generic framework for supporting different block encryption
formats. Upon instantiating a QCryptoBlock object, it will read
the encryption header and extract the encryption keys. It is
then possible to call methods to encrypt/decrypt data buffers.

There is also a mode whereby it will create/initialize a new
encryption header on a previously unformatted volume.

The initial framework comes with support for the legacy QCow
AES based encryption. This enables code in the QCow driver to
be consolidated later.

Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2016-03-17 14:41:15 +00:00
Daniel P. Berrange 84f7f180b0 crypto: import an implementation of the XTS cipher mode
The XTS (XEX with tweaked-codebook and ciphertext stealing)
cipher mode is commonly used in full disk encryption. There
is unfortunately no implementation of it in either libgcrypt
or nettle, so we need to provide our own.

The libtomcrypt project provides a repository of crypto
algorithms under a choice of either "public domain" or
the "what the fuck public license".

So this impl is taken from the libtomcrypt GIT repo and
adapted to be compatible with the way we need to call
ciphers provided by nettle/gcrypt.

Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2016-03-17 14:41:15 +00:00
Daniel P. Berrange 5a95e0fccd crypto: add support for anti-forensic split algorithm
The LUKS format specifies an anti-forensic split algorithm which
is used to artificially expand the size of the key material on
disk. This is an implementation of that algorithm.

Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2016-03-17 14:41:14 +00:00
Daniel P. Berrange cb730894ae crypto: add support for generating initialization vectors
There are a number of different algorithms that can be used
to generate initialization vectors for disk encryption. This
introduces a simple internal QCryptoBlockIV object to provide
a consistent internal API to the different algorithms. The
initially implemented algorithms are 'plain', 'plain64' and
'essiv', each matching the same named algorithm provided
by the Linux kernel dm-crypt driver.

Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2016-03-17 14:41:14 +00:00
Daniel P. Berrange 37788f253a crypto: add support for PBKDF2 algorithm
The LUKS data format includes use of PBKDF2 (Password-Based
Key Derivation Function). The Nettle library can provide
an implementation of this, but we don't want code directly
depending on a specific crypto library backend. Introduce
a new include/crypto/pbkdf.h header which defines a QEMU
API for invoking PBKDK2. The initial implementations are
backed by nettle & gcrypt, which are commonly available
with distros shipping GNUTLS.

The test suite data is taken from the cryptsetup codebase
under the LGPLv2.1+ license. This merely aims to verify
that whatever backend we provide for this function in QEMU
will comply with the spec.

Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2016-03-17 14:41:07 +00:00
Daniel P. Berrange b917da4cbd crypto: add cryptographic random byte source
There are three backend impls provided. The preferred
is gnutls, which is backed by nettle in modern distros.
The gcrypt impl is provided for cases where QEMU build
against gnutls is disabled, but crypto is still desired.
No nettle impl is provided, since it is non-trivial to
use the nettle APIs for random numbers. Users of nettle
should ensure gnutls is enabled for QEMU.

Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2016-03-17 09:49:01 +00:00
Daniel P. Berrange ac1d887849 crypto: add QCryptoSecret object class for password/key handling
Introduce a new QCryptoSecret object class which will be used
for providing passwords and keys to other objects which need
sensitive credentials.

The new object can provide secret values directly as properties,
or indirectly via a file. The latter includes support for file
descriptor passing syntax on UNIX platforms. Ordinarily passing
secret values directly as properties is insecure, since they
are visible in process listings, or in log files showing the
CLI args / QMP commands. It is possible to use AES-256-CBC to
encrypt the secret values though, in which case all that is
visible is the ciphertext.  For ad hoc developer testing though,
it is fine to provide the secrets directly without encryption
so this is not explicitly forbidden.

The anticipated scenario is that libvirtd will create a random
master key per QEMU instance (eg /var/run/libvirt/qemu/$VMNAME.key)
and will use that key to encrypt all passwords it provides to
QEMU via '-object secret,....'.  This avoids the need for libvirt
(or other mgmt apps) to worry about file descriptor passing.

It also makes life easier for people who are scripting the
management of QEMU, for whom FD passing is significantly more
complex.

Providing data inline (insecure, only for ad hoc dev testing)

  $QEMU -object secret,id=sec0,data=letmein

Providing data indirectly in raw format

  printf "letmein" > mypasswd.txt
  $QEMU -object secret,id=sec0,file=mypasswd.txt

Providing data indirectly in base64 format

  $QEMU -object secret,id=sec0,file=mykey.b64,format=base64

Providing data with encryption

  $QEMU -object secret,id=master0,file=mykey.b64,format=base64 \
        -object secret,id=sec0,data=[base64 ciphertext],\
	           keyid=master0,iv=[base64 IV],format=base64

Note that 'format' here refers to the format of the ciphertext
data. The decrypted data must always be in raw byte format.

More examples are shown in the updated docs.

Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2015-12-18 16:25:08 +00:00
Daniel P. Berrange d321e1e526 crypto: introduce new module for handling TLS sessions
Introduce a QCryptoTLSSession object that will encapsulate
all the code for setting up and using a client/sever TLS
session. This isolates the code which depends on the gnutls
library, avoiding #ifdefs in the rest of the codebase, as
well as facilitating any possible future port to other TLS
libraries, if desired. It makes use of the previously
defined QCryptoTLSCreds object to access credentials to
use with the session. It also includes further unit tests
to validate the correctness of the TLS session handshake
and certificate validation. This is functionally equivalent
to the current TLS session handling code embedded in the
VNC server, and will obsolete it.

Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2015-09-15 15:07:43 +01:00
Daniel P. Berrange 85bcbc789e crypto: introduce new module for TLS x509 credentials
Introduce a QCryptoTLSCredsX509 class which is used to
manage x509 certificate TLS credentials. This will be
the preferred credential type offering strong security
characteristics

Example CLI configuration:

 $QEMU -object tls-creds-x509,id=tls0,endpoint=server,\
               dir=/path/to/creds/dir,verify-peer=yes

The 'id' value in the -object args will be used to associate the
credentials with the network services. For example, when the VNC
server is later converted it would use

 $QEMU -object tls-creds-x509,id=tls0,.... \
       -vnc 127.0.0.1:1,tls-creds=tls0

Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
2015-09-15 15:05:06 +01:00
Daniel P. Berrange e00adf6c3e crypto: introduce new module for TLS anonymous credentials
Introduce a QCryptoTLSCredsAnon class which is used to
manage anonymous TLS credentials. Use of this class is
generally discouraged since it does not offer strong
security, but it is required for backwards compatibility
with the current VNC server implementation.

Simple example CLI configuration:

 $QEMU -object tls-creds-anon,id=tls0,endpoint=server

Example using pre-created diffie-hellman parameters

 $QEMU -object tls-creds-anon,id=tls0,endpoint=server,\
               dir=/path/to/creds/dir

The 'id' value in the -object args will be used to associate the
credentials with the network services. For example, when the VNC
server is later converted it would use

 $QEMU -object tls-creds-anon,id=tls0,.... \
       -vnc 127.0.0.1:1,tls-creds=tls0

Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
2015-09-15 15:00:20 +01:00
Daniel P. Berrange a090187de1 crypto: introduce new base module for TLS credentials
Introduce a QCryptoTLSCreds class to act as the base class for
storing TLS credentials. This will be later subclassed to provide
handling of anonymous and x509 credential types. The subclasses
will be user creatable objects, so instances can be created &
deleted via 'object-add' and 'object-del' QMP commands respectively,
or via the -object command line arg.

If the credentials cannot be initialized an error will be reported
as a QMP reply, or on stderr respectively.

The idea is to make it possible to represent and manage TLS
credentials independently of the network service that is using
them. This will enable multiple services to use the same set of
credentials and minimize code duplication. A later patch will
convert the current VNC server TLS code over to use this object.

The representation of credentials will be functionally equivalent
to that currently implemented in the VNC server with one exception.
The new code has the ability to (optionally) load a pre-generated
set of diffie-hellman parameters, if the file dh-params.pem exists,
whereas the current VNC server will always generate them on startup.
This is beneficial for admins who wish to avoid the (small) time
sink of generating DH parameters at startup and/or avoid depleting
entropy.

Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2015-09-15 14:47:37 +01:00
Daniel P. Berrange fb37726db7 crypto: move crypto objects out of libqemuutil.la
Future patches will be adding more crypto related APIs which
rely on QOM infrastructure. This creates a problem, because
QOM relies on library constructors to register objects. When
you have a file in a static .a library though which is only
referenced by a constructor the linker is dumb and will drop
that file when linking to the final executable :-( The only
workaround for this is to link the .a library to the executable
using the -Wl,--whole-archive flag, but this creates its own
set of problems because QEMU is relying on lazy linking for
libqemuutil.a. Using --whole-archive majorly increases the
size of final executables as they now contain a bunch of
object code they don't actually use.

The least bad option is to thus not include the crypto objects
in libqemuutil.la, and instead define a crypto-obj-y variable
that is referenced directly by all the executables that need
this code (tools + softmmu, but not qemu-ga). We avoid pulling
entire of crypto-obj-y into the userspace emulators as that
would force them to link to gnutls too, which is not required.

Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2015-09-15 14:18:18 +01:00
Daniel P. Berrange ca38a4cc9e crypto: introduce generic cipher API & built-in implementation
Introduce a generic cipher API and an implementation of it that
supports only the built-in AES and DES-RFB algorithms.

The test suite checks the supported algorithms + modes to
validate that every backend implementation is actually correctly
complying with the specs.

Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1435770638-25715-5-git-send-email-berrange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
2015-07-08 13:11:01 +02:00
Daniel P. Berrange 9fd72468df crypto: move built-in D3DES implementation into crypto/
To prepare for a generic internal cipher API, move the
built-in D3DES implementation into the crypto/ directory.

This is not in fact a normal D3DES implementation, it is
D3DES with double & triple length modes removed, and the
key bytes in reversed bit order. IOW it is crippled
specifically for the "benefit" of RFB, so call the new
files desrfb.c instead of d3des.c to make it clear that
it isn't a generally useful impl.

Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1435770638-25715-4-git-send-email-berrange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
2015-07-07 12:04:31 +02:00
Daniel P. Berrange 6f2945cde6 crypto: move built-in AES implementation into crypto/
To prepare for a generic internal cipher API, move the
built-in AES implementation into the crypto/ directory

Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1435770638-25715-3-git-send-email-berrange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
2015-07-07 12:04:13 +02:00
Daniel P. Berrange ddbb0d0966 crypto: introduce new module for computing hash digests
Introduce a new crypto/ directory that will (eventually) contain
all the cryptographic related code. This initially defines a
wrapper for initializing gnutls and for computing hashes with
gnutls. The former ensures that gnutls is guaranteed to be
initialized exactly once in QEMU regardless of CLI args. The
block quorum code currently fails to initialize gnutls so it
only works by luck, if VNC server TLS is not requested. The
hash APIs avoids the need to litter the rest of the code with
preprocessor checks and simplifies callers by allocating the
correct amount of memory for the requested hash.

Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1435770638-25715-2-git-send-email-berrange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
2015-07-07 12:04:07 +02:00