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qemu-e2k/block/backup.c

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/*
* QEMU backup
*
* Copyright (C) 2013 Proxmox Server Solutions
*
* Authors:
* Dietmar Maurer (dietmar@proxmox.com)
*
* This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
* See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
*
*/
#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include "trace.h"
#include "block/block.h"
#include "block/block_int.h"
#include "block/blockjob_int.h"
#include "block/block_backup.h"
#include "qapi/error.h"
#include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
#include "qemu/ratelimit.h"
#include "qemu/cutils.h"
#include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
#include "qemu/bitmap.h"
#include "qemu/error-report.h"
#define BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE_DEFAULT (1 << 16)
typedef struct CowRequest {
int64_t start_byte;
int64_t end_byte;
QLIST_ENTRY(CowRequest) list;
CoQueue wait_queue; /* coroutines blocked on this request */
} CowRequest;
typedef struct BackupBlockJob {
BlockJob common;
BlockBackend *target;
BdrvDirtyBitmap *sync_bitmap;
BdrvDirtyBitmap *copy_bitmap;
MirrorSyncMode sync_mode;
BitmapSyncMode bitmap_mode;
BlockdevOnError on_source_error;
BlockdevOnError on_target_error;
CoRwlock flush_rwlock;
uint64_t len;
uint64_t bytes_read;
int64_t cluster_size;
NotifierWithReturn before_write;
QLIST_HEAD(, CowRequest) inflight_reqs;
bool use_copy_range;
int64_t copy_range_size;
BdrvRequestFlags write_flags;
bool initializing_bitmap;
} BackupBlockJob;
static const BlockJobDriver backup_job_driver;
/* See if in-flight requests overlap and wait for them to complete */
static void coroutine_fn wait_for_overlapping_requests(BackupBlockJob *job,
int64_t start,
int64_t end)
{
CowRequest *req;
bool retry;
do {
retry = false;
QLIST_FOREACH(req, &job->inflight_reqs, list) {
if (end > req->start_byte && start < req->end_byte) {
qemu_co_queue_wait(&req->wait_queue, NULL);
retry = true;
break;
}
}
} while (retry);
}
/* Keep track of an in-flight request */
static void cow_request_begin(CowRequest *req, BackupBlockJob *job,
int64_t start, int64_t end)
{
req->start_byte = start;
req->end_byte = end;
qemu_co_queue_init(&req->wait_queue);
QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&job->inflight_reqs, req, list);
}
/* Forget about a completed request */
static void cow_request_end(CowRequest *req)
{
QLIST_REMOVE(req, list);
qemu_co_queue_restart_all(&req->wait_queue);
}
/* Copy range to target with a bounce buffer and return the bytes copied. If
* error occurred, return a negative error number */
static int coroutine_fn backup_cow_with_bounce_buffer(BackupBlockJob *job,
int64_t start,
int64_t end,
bool is_write_notifier,
bool *error_is_read,
void **bounce_buffer)
{
int ret;
BlockBackend *blk = job->common.blk;
int nbytes;
int read_flags = is_write_notifier ? BDRV_REQ_NO_SERIALISING : 0;
assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(start, job->cluster_size));
bdrv_reset_dirty_bitmap(job->copy_bitmap, start, job->cluster_size);
nbytes = MIN(job->cluster_size, job->len - start);
if (!*bounce_buffer) {
*bounce_buffer = blk_blockalign(blk, job->cluster_size);
}
ret = blk_co_pread(blk, start, nbytes, *bounce_buffer, read_flags);
if (ret < 0) {
trace_backup_do_cow_read_fail(job, start, ret);
if (error_is_read) {
*error_is_read = true;
}
goto fail;
}
ret = blk_co_pwrite(job->target, start, nbytes, *bounce_buffer,
job->write_flags);
if (ret < 0) {
trace_backup_do_cow_write_fail(job, start, ret);
if (error_is_read) {
*error_is_read = false;
}
goto fail;
}
return nbytes;
fail:
bdrv_set_dirty_bitmap(job->copy_bitmap, start, job->cluster_size);
return ret;
}
/* Copy range to target and return the bytes copied. If error occurred, return a
* negative error number. */
static int coroutine_fn backup_cow_with_offload(BackupBlockJob *job,
int64_t start,
int64_t end,
bool is_write_notifier)
{
int ret;
int nr_clusters;
BlockBackend *blk = job->common.blk;
int nbytes;
int read_flags = is_write_notifier ? BDRV_REQ_NO_SERIALISING : 0;
assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(job->copy_range_size, job->cluster_size));
assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(start, job->cluster_size));
nbytes = MIN(job->copy_range_size, end - start);
nr_clusters = DIV_ROUND_UP(nbytes, job->cluster_size);
bdrv_reset_dirty_bitmap(job->copy_bitmap, start,
job->cluster_size * nr_clusters);
ret = blk_co_copy_range(blk, start, job->target, start, nbytes,
read_flags, job->write_flags);
if (ret < 0) {
trace_backup_do_cow_copy_range_fail(job, start, ret);
bdrv_set_dirty_bitmap(job->copy_bitmap, start,
job->cluster_size * nr_clusters);
return ret;
}
return nbytes;
}
/*
* Check if the cluster starting at offset is allocated or not.
* return via pnum the number of contiguous clusters sharing this allocation.
*/
static int backup_is_cluster_allocated(BackupBlockJob *s, int64_t offset,
int64_t *pnum)
{
BlockDriverState *bs = blk_bs(s->common.blk);
int64_t count, total_count = 0;
int64_t bytes = s->len - offset;
int ret;
assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(offset, s->cluster_size));
while (true) {
ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, offset, bytes, &count);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
total_count += count;
if (ret || count == 0) {
/*
* ret: partial segment(s) are considered allocated.
* otherwise: unallocated tail is treated as an entire segment.
*/
*pnum = DIV_ROUND_UP(total_count, s->cluster_size);
return ret;
}
/* Unallocated segment(s) with uncertain following segment(s) */
if (total_count >= s->cluster_size) {
*pnum = total_count / s->cluster_size;
return 0;
}
offset += count;
bytes -= count;
}
}
/**
* Reset bits in copy_bitmap starting at offset if they represent unallocated
* data in the image. May reset subsequent contiguous bits.
* @return 0 when the cluster at @offset was unallocated,
* 1 otherwise, and -ret on error.
*/
static int64_t backup_bitmap_reset_unallocated(BackupBlockJob *s,
int64_t offset, int64_t *count)
{
int ret;
int64_t clusters, bytes, estimate;
ret = backup_is_cluster_allocated(s, offset, &clusters);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
bytes = clusters * s->cluster_size;
if (!ret) {
bdrv_reset_dirty_bitmap(s->copy_bitmap, offset, bytes);
estimate = bdrv_get_dirty_count(s->copy_bitmap);
job_progress_set_remaining(&s->common.job, estimate);
}
*count = bytes;
return ret;
}
static int coroutine_fn backup_do_cow(BackupBlockJob *job,
int64_t offset, uint64_t bytes,
bool *error_is_read,
bool is_write_notifier)
{
CowRequest cow_request;
int ret = 0;
int64_t start, end; /* bytes */
void *bounce_buffer = NULL;
int64_t status_bytes;
qemu_co_rwlock_rdlock(&job->flush_rwlock);
start = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(offset, job->cluster_size);
end = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(bytes + offset, job->cluster_size);
trace_backup_do_cow_enter(job, start, offset, bytes);
wait_for_overlapping_requests(job, start, end);
cow_request_begin(&cow_request, job, start, end);
while (start < end) {
int64_t dirty_end;
if (!bdrv_dirty_bitmap_get(job->copy_bitmap, start)) {
trace_backup_do_cow_skip(job, start);
start += job->cluster_size;
continue; /* already copied */
}
dirty_end = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_next_zero(job->copy_bitmap, start,
(end - start));
if (dirty_end < 0) {
dirty_end = end;
}
if (job->initializing_bitmap) {
ret = backup_bitmap_reset_unallocated(job, start, &status_bytes);
if (ret == 0) {
trace_backup_do_cow_skip_range(job, start, status_bytes);
start += status_bytes;
continue;
}
/* Clamp to known allocated region */
dirty_end = MIN(dirty_end, start + status_bytes);
}
trace_backup_do_cow_process(job, start);
if (job->use_copy_range) {
ret = backup_cow_with_offload(job, start, dirty_end,
is_write_notifier);
if (ret < 0) {
job->use_copy_range = false;
}
}
if (!job->use_copy_range) {
ret = backup_cow_with_bounce_buffer(job, start, dirty_end,
is_write_notifier,
error_is_read, &bounce_buffer);
}
if (ret < 0) {
break;
}
/* Publish progress, guest I/O counts as progress too. Note that the
* offset field is an opaque progress value, it is not a disk offset.
*/
start += ret;
job->bytes_read += ret;
job_progress_update(&job->common.job, ret);
ret = 0;
}
if (bounce_buffer) {
qemu_vfree(bounce_buffer);
}
cow_request_end(&cow_request);
trace_backup_do_cow_return(job, offset, bytes, ret);
qemu_co_rwlock_unlock(&job->flush_rwlock);
return ret;
}
static int coroutine_fn backup_before_write_notify(
NotifierWithReturn *notifier,
void *opaque)
{
BackupBlockJob *job = container_of(notifier, BackupBlockJob, before_write);
BdrvTrackedRequest *req = opaque;
assert(req->bs == blk_bs(job->common.blk));
assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(req->offset, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE));
assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(req->bytes, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE));
return backup_do_cow(job, req->offset, req->bytes, NULL, true);
}
static void backup_cleanup_sync_bitmap(BackupBlockJob *job, int ret)
{
BdrvDirtyBitmap *bm;
BlockDriverState *bs = blk_bs(job->common.blk);
bool sync = (((ret == 0) || (job->bitmap_mode == BITMAP_SYNC_MODE_ALWAYS)) \
&& (job->bitmap_mode != BITMAP_SYNC_MODE_NEVER));
if (sync) {
/*
* We succeeded, or we always intended to sync the bitmap.
* Delete this bitmap and install the child.
*/
bm = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_abdicate(bs, job->sync_bitmap, NULL);
} else {
/*
* We failed, or we never intended to sync the bitmap anyway.
* Merge the successor back into the parent, keeping all data.
*/
bm = bdrv_reclaim_dirty_bitmap(bs, job->sync_bitmap, NULL);
}
assert(bm);
if (ret < 0 && job->bitmap_mode == BITMAP_SYNC_MODE_ALWAYS) {
/* If we failed and synced, merge in the bits we didn't copy: */
bdrv_dirty_bitmap_merge_internal(bm, job->copy_bitmap,
NULL, true);
}
}
static void backup_commit(Job *job)
{
BackupBlockJob *s = container_of(job, BackupBlockJob, common.job);
if (s->sync_bitmap) {
backup_cleanup_sync_bitmap(s, 0);
}
}
static void backup_abort(Job *job)
{
BackupBlockJob *s = container_of(job, BackupBlockJob, common.job);
if (s->sync_bitmap) {
backup_cleanup_sync_bitmap(s, -1);
}
}
static void backup_clean(Job *job)
{
BackupBlockJob *s = container_of(job, BackupBlockJob, common.job);
BlockDriverState *bs = blk_bs(s->common.blk);
if (s->copy_bitmap) {
bdrv_release_dirty_bitmap(bs, s->copy_bitmap);
s->copy_bitmap = NULL;
}
assert(s->target);
blk_unref(s->target);
s->target = NULL;
}
void backup_do_checkpoint(BlockJob *job, Error **errp)
{
BackupBlockJob *backup_job = container_of(job, BackupBlockJob, common);
assert(block_job_driver(job) == &backup_job_driver);
if (backup_job->sync_mode != MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_NONE) {
error_setg(errp, "The backup job only supports block checkpoint in"
" sync=none mode");
return;
}
bdrv_set_dirty_bitmap(backup_job->copy_bitmap, 0, backup_job->len);
}
static void backup_drain(BlockJob *job)
{
BackupBlockJob *s = container_of(job, BackupBlockJob, common);
/* Need to keep a reference in case blk_drain triggers execution
* of backup_complete...
*/
if (s->target) {
BlockBackend *target = s->target;
blk_ref(target);
blk_drain(target);
blk_unref(target);
}
}
static BlockErrorAction backup_error_action(BackupBlockJob *job,
bool read, int error)
{
if (read) {
return block_job_error_action(&job->common, job->on_source_error,
true, error);
} else {
return block_job_error_action(&job->common, job->on_target_error,
false, error);
}
}
static bool coroutine_fn yield_and_check(BackupBlockJob *job)
{
uint64_t delay_ns;
if (job_is_cancelled(&job->common.job)) {
return true;
}
/* We need to yield even for delay_ns = 0 so that bdrv_drain_all() can
* return. Without a yield, the VM would not reboot. */
delay_ns = block_job_ratelimit_get_delay(&job->common, job->bytes_read);
job->bytes_read = 0;
job_sleep_ns(&job->common.job, delay_ns);
if (job_is_cancelled(&job->common.job)) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
static int coroutine_fn backup_loop(BackupBlockJob *job)
{
bool error_is_read;
int64_t offset;
BdrvDirtyBitmapIter *bdbi;
int ret = 0;
bdbi = bdrv_dirty_iter_new(job->copy_bitmap);
while ((offset = bdrv_dirty_iter_next(bdbi)) != -1) {
do {
if (yield_and_check(job)) {
goto out;
}
ret = backup_do_cow(job, offset,
job->cluster_size, &error_is_read, false);
if (ret < 0 && backup_error_action(job, error_is_read, -ret) ==
BLOCK_ERROR_ACTION_REPORT)
{
goto out;
}
} while (ret < 0);
}
out:
bdrv_dirty_iter_free(bdbi);
return ret;
}
static void backup_init_copy_bitmap(BackupBlockJob *job)
{
bool ret;
uint64_t estimate;
if (job->sync_mode == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_BITMAP) {
ret = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_merge_internal(job->copy_bitmap,
job->sync_bitmap,
NULL, true);
assert(ret);
} else {
if (job->sync_mode == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_TOP) {
/*
* We can't hog the coroutine to initialize this thoroughly.
* Set a flag and resume work when we are able to yield safely.
*/
job->initializing_bitmap = true;
}
bdrv_set_dirty_bitmap(job->copy_bitmap, 0, job->len);
}
estimate = bdrv_get_dirty_count(job->copy_bitmap);
job_progress_set_remaining(&job->common.job, estimate);
}
static int coroutine_fn backup_run(Job *job, Error **errp)
{
BackupBlockJob *s = container_of(job, BackupBlockJob, common.job);
BlockDriverState *bs = blk_bs(s->common.blk);
int ret = 0;
QLIST_INIT(&s->inflight_reqs);
qemu_co_rwlock_init(&s->flush_rwlock);
backup_init_copy_bitmap(s);
s->before_write.notify = backup_before_write_notify;
bdrv_add_before_write_notifier(bs, &s->before_write);
if (s->sync_mode == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_TOP) {
int64_t offset = 0;
int64_t count;
for (offset = 0; offset < s->len; ) {
if (yield_and_check(s)) {
ret = -ECANCELED;
goto out;
}
ret = backup_bitmap_reset_unallocated(s, offset, &count);
if (ret < 0) {
goto out;
}
offset += count;
}
s->initializing_bitmap = false;
}
if (s->sync_mode == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_NONE) {
/* All bits are set in copy_bitmap to allow any cluster to be copied.
* This does not actually require them to be copied. */
while (!job_is_cancelled(job)) {
/* Yield until the job is cancelled. We just let our before_write
* notify callback service CoW requests. */
job_yield(job);
}
} else {
ret = backup_loop(s);
}
out:
notifier_with_return_remove(&s->before_write);
/* wait until pending backup_do_cow() calls have completed */
qemu_co_rwlock_wrlock(&s->flush_rwlock);
qemu_co_rwlock_unlock(&s->flush_rwlock);
return ret;
}
static const BlockJobDriver backup_job_driver = {
.job_driver = {
.instance_size = sizeof(BackupBlockJob),
.job_type = JOB_TYPE_BACKUP,
.free = block_job_free,
.user_resume = block_job_user_resume,
.drain = block_job_drain,
.run = backup_run,
.commit = backup_commit,
.abort = backup_abort,
.clean = backup_clean,
},
.drain = backup_drain,
};
static int64_t backup_calculate_cluster_size(BlockDriverState *target,
Error **errp)
{
int ret;
BlockDriverInfo bdi;
/*
* If there is no backing file on the target, we cannot rely on COW if our
* backup cluster size is smaller than the target cluster size. Even for
* targets with a backing file, try to avoid COW if possible.
*/
ret = bdrv_get_info(target, &bdi);
if (ret == -ENOTSUP && !target->backing) {
/* Cluster size is not defined */
warn_report("The target block device doesn't provide "
"information about the block size and it doesn't have a "
"backing file. The default block size of %u bytes is "
"used. If the actual block size of the target exceeds "
"this default, the backup may be unusable",
BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE_DEFAULT);
return BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE_DEFAULT;
} else if (ret < 0 && !target->backing) {
error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
"Couldn't determine the cluster size of the target image, "
"which has no backing file");
error_append_hint(errp,
"Aborting, since this may create an unusable destination image\n");
return ret;
} else if (ret < 0 && target->backing) {
/* Not fatal; just trudge on ahead. */
return BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE_DEFAULT;
}
return MAX(BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE_DEFAULT, bdi.cluster_size);
}
BlockJob *backup_job_create(const char *job_id, BlockDriverState *bs,
BlockDriverState *target, int64_t speed,
MirrorSyncMode sync_mode, BdrvDirtyBitmap *sync_bitmap,
BitmapSyncMode bitmap_mode,
bool compress,
BlockdevOnError on_source_error,
BlockdevOnError on_target_error,
int creation_flags,
BlockCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque,
JobTxn *txn, Error **errp)
{
int64_t len;
BackupBlockJob *job = NULL;
int ret;
int64_t cluster_size;
BdrvDirtyBitmap *copy_bitmap = NULL;
assert(bs);
assert(target);
/* QMP interface protects us from these cases */
assert(sync_mode != MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_INCREMENTAL);
assert(sync_bitmap || sync_mode != MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_BITMAP);
if (bs == target) {
error_setg(errp, "Source and target cannot be the same");
return NULL;
}
if (!bdrv_is_inserted(bs)) {
error_setg(errp, "Device is not inserted: %s",
bdrv_get_device_name(bs));
return NULL;
}
if (!bdrv_is_inserted(target)) {
error_setg(errp, "Device is not inserted: %s",
bdrv_get_device_name(target));
return NULL;
}
if (compress && !block_driver_can_compress(target->drv)) {
error_setg(errp, "Compression is not supported for this drive %s",
bdrv_get_device_name(target));
return NULL;
}
if (bdrv_op_is_blocked(bs, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_BACKUP_SOURCE, errp)) {
return NULL;
}
if (bdrv_op_is_blocked(target, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_BACKUP_TARGET, errp)) {
return NULL;
}
if (sync_bitmap) {
/* If we need to write to this bitmap, check that we can: */
if (bitmap_mode != BITMAP_SYNC_MODE_NEVER &&
bdrv_dirty_bitmap_check(sync_bitmap, BDRV_BITMAP_DEFAULT, errp)) {
return NULL;
}
/* Create a new bitmap, and freeze/disable this one. */
if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_create_successor(bs, sync_bitmap, errp) < 0) {
return NULL;
}
}
len = bdrv_getlength(bs);
if (len < 0) {
error_setg_errno(errp, -len, "unable to get length for '%s'",
bdrv_get_device_name(bs));
goto error;
}
cluster_size = backup_calculate_cluster_size(target, errp);
if (cluster_size < 0) {
goto error;
}
copy_bitmap = bdrv_create_dirty_bitmap(bs, cluster_size, NULL, errp);
if (!copy_bitmap) {
goto error;
}
bdrv_disable_dirty_bitmap(copy_bitmap);
/* job->len is fixed, so we can't allow resize */
job = block_job_create(job_id, &backup_job_driver, txn, bs,
BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ,
BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ | BLK_PERM_WRITE |
BLK_PERM_WRITE_UNCHANGED | BLK_PERM_GRAPH_MOD,
speed, creation_flags, cb, opaque, errp);
if (!job) {
goto error;
}
/* The target must match the source in size, so no resize here either */
job->target = blk_new(job->common.job.aio_context,
BLK_PERM_WRITE,
BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ | BLK_PERM_WRITE |
BLK_PERM_WRITE_UNCHANGED | BLK_PERM_GRAPH_MOD);
ret = blk_insert_bs(job->target, target, errp);
if (ret < 0) {
goto error;
}
blk_set_disable_request_queuing(job->target, true);
job->on_source_error = on_source_error;
job->on_target_error = on_target_error;
job->sync_mode = sync_mode;
job->sync_bitmap = sync_bitmap;
job->bitmap_mode = bitmap_mode;
/*
* Set write flags:
* 1. Detect image-fleecing (and similar) schemes
* 2. Handle compression
*/
job->write_flags =
(bdrv_chain_contains(target, bs) ? BDRV_REQ_SERIALISING : 0) |
(compress ? BDRV_REQ_WRITE_COMPRESSED : 0);
job->cluster_size = cluster_size;
job->copy_bitmap = copy_bitmap;
copy_bitmap = NULL;
job->use_copy_range = !compress; /* compression isn't supported for it */
job->copy_range_size = MIN_NON_ZERO(blk_get_max_transfer(job->common.blk),
blk_get_max_transfer(job->target));
job->copy_range_size = MAX(job->cluster_size,
QEMU_ALIGN_UP(job->copy_range_size,
job->cluster_size));
/* Required permissions are already taken with target's blk_new() */
block_job_add_bdrv(&job->common, "target", target, 0, BLK_PERM_ALL,
&error_abort);
job->len = len;
return &job->common;
error:
if (copy_bitmap) {
assert(!job || !job->copy_bitmap);
bdrv_release_dirty_bitmap(bs, copy_bitmap);
}
if (sync_bitmap) {
bdrv_reclaim_dirty_bitmap(bs, sync_bitmap, NULL);
}
if (job) {
backup_clean(&job->common.job);
job_early_fail(&job->common.job);
}
return NULL;
}
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