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qemu-e2k/hw/s390x/ipl.c

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/*
* bootloader support
*
* Copyright IBM, Corp. 2012
*
* Authors:
* Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
*
* This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or (at your
* option) any later version. See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
*
*/
#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include "qapi/error.h"
#include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
#include "cpu.h"
#include "elf.h"
#include "hw/loader.h"
#include "hw/boards.h"
#include "hw/s390x/virtio-ccw.h"
#include "hw/s390x/vfio-ccw.h"
#include "hw/s390x/css.h"
#include "hw/s390x/ebcdic.h"
#include "ipl.h"
#include "qemu/error-report.h"
#include "qemu/config-file.h"
#include "qemu/cutils.h"
#include "qemu/option.h"
#include "exec/exec-all.h"
#define KERN_IMAGE_START 0x010000UL
#define LINUX_MAGIC_ADDR 0x010008UL
#define KERN_PARM_AREA 0x010480UL
#define INITRD_START 0x800000UL
#define INITRD_PARM_START 0x010408UL
#define PARMFILE_START 0x001000UL
#define ZIPL_IMAGE_START 0x009000UL
#define IPL_PSW_MASK (PSW_MASK_32 | PSW_MASK_64)
static bool iplb_extended_needed(void *opaque)
{
S390IPLState *ipl = S390_IPL(object_resolve_path(TYPE_S390_IPL, NULL));
return ipl->iplbext_migration;
}
static const VMStateDescription vmstate_iplb_extended = {
.name = "ipl/iplb_extended",
.version_id = 0,
.minimum_version_id = 0,
.needed = iplb_extended_needed,
.fields = (VMStateField[]) {
VMSTATE_UINT8_ARRAY(reserved_ext, IplParameterBlock, 4096 - 200),
VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
}
};
static const VMStateDescription vmstate_iplb = {
.name = "ipl/iplb",
.version_id = 0,
.minimum_version_id = 0,
.fields = (VMStateField[]) {
VMSTATE_UINT8_ARRAY(reserved1, IplParameterBlock, 110),
VMSTATE_UINT16(devno, IplParameterBlock),
VMSTATE_UINT8_ARRAY(reserved2, IplParameterBlock, 88),
VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
},
.subsections = (const VMStateDescription*[]) {
&vmstate_iplb_extended,
NULL
}
};
static const VMStateDescription vmstate_ipl = {
.name = "ipl",
.version_id = 0,
.minimum_version_id = 0,
.fields = (VMStateField[]) {
VMSTATE_UINT64(compat_start_addr, S390IPLState),
VMSTATE_UINT64(compat_bios_start_addr, S390IPLState),
VMSTATE_STRUCT(iplb, S390IPLState, 0, vmstate_iplb, IplParameterBlock),
VMSTATE_BOOL(iplb_valid, S390IPLState),
VMSTATE_UINT8(cssid, S390IPLState),
VMSTATE_UINT8(ssid, S390IPLState),
VMSTATE_UINT16(devno, S390IPLState),
VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
}
};
static S390IPLState *get_ipl_device(void)
{
return S390_IPL(object_resolve_path_type("", TYPE_S390_IPL, NULL));
}
static uint64_t bios_translate_addr(void *opaque, uint64_t srcaddr)
{
uint64_t dstaddr = *(uint64_t *) opaque;
/*
* Assuming that our s390-ccw.img was linked for starting at address 0,
* we can simply add the destination address for the final location
*/
return srcaddr + dstaddr;
}
static void s390_ipl_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
{
S390IPLState *ipl = S390_IPL(dev);
uint32_t *ipl_psw;
uint64_t pentry;
char *magic;
int kernel_size;
Error *err = NULL;
int bios_size;
char *bios_filename;
/*
* Always load the bios if it was enforced,
* even if an external kernel has been defined.
*/
if (!ipl->kernel || ipl->enforce_bios) {
uint64_t fwbase = (MIN(ram_size, 0x80000000U) - 0x200000) & ~0xffffUL;
if (bios_name == NULL) {
bios_name = ipl->firmware;
}
bios_filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, bios_name);
if (bios_filename == NULL) {
error_setg(&err, "could not find stage1 bootloader");
goto error;
}
bios_size = load_elf(bios_filename, NULL,
bios_translate_addr, &fwbase,
&ipl->bios_start_addr, NULL, NULL, 1,
EM_S390, 0, 0);
if (bios_size > 0) {
/* Adjust ELF start address to final location */
ipl->bios_start_addr += fwbase;
} else {
/* Try to load non-ELF file */
bios_size = load_image_targphys(bios_filename, ZIPL_IMAGE_START,
4096);
ipl->bios_start_addr = ZIPL_IMAGE_START;
}
g_free(bios_filename);
if (bios_size == -1) {
error_setg(&err, "could not load bootloader '%s'", bios_name);
goto error;
}
/* default boot target is the bios */
ipl->start_addr = ipl->bios_start_addr;
}
if (ipl->kernel) {
kernel_size = load_elf(ipl->kernel, NULL, NULL, NULL,
&pentry, NULL,
NULL, 1, EM_S390, 0, 0);
if (kernel_size < 0) {
kernel_size = load_image_targphys(ipl->kernel, 0, ram_size);
if (kernel_size < 0) {
error_setg(&err, "could not load kernel '%s'", ipl->kernel);
goto error;
}
/* if this is Linux use KERN_IMAGE_START */
magic = rom_ptr(LINUX_MAGIC_ADDR, 6);
if (magic && !memcmp(magic, "S390EP", 6)) {
pentry = KERN_IMAGE_START;
} else {
/* if not Linux load the address of the (short) IPL PSW */
ipl_psw = rom_ptr(4, 4);
if (ipl_psw) {
pentry = be32_to_cpu(*ipl_psw) & 0x7fffffffUL;
} else {
error_setg(&err, "Could not get IPL PSW");
goto error;
}
}
}
/*
* Is it a Linux kernel (starting at 0x10000)? If yes, we fill in the
* kernel parameters here as well. Note: For old kernels (up to 3.2)
* we can not rely on the ELF entry point - it was 0x800 (the SALIPL
* loader) and it won't work. For this case we force it to 0x10000, too.
*/
if (pentry == KERN_IMAGE_START || pentry == 0x800) {
char *parm_area = rom_ptr(KERN_PARM_AREA, strlen(ipl->cmdline) + 1);
ipl->start_addr = KERN_IMAGE_START;
/* Overwrite parameters in the kernel image, which are "rom" */
if (parm_area) {
strcpy(parm_area, ipl->cmdline);
}
} else {
ipl->start_addr = pentry;
}
if (ipl->initrd) {
ram_addr_t initrd_offset;
int initrd_size;
uint64_t *romptr;
initrd_offset = INITRD_START;
while (kernel_size + 0x100000 > initrd_offset) {
initrd_offset += 0x100000;
}
initrd_size = load_image_targphys(ipl->initrd, initrd_offset,
ram_size - initrd_offset);
if (initrd_size == -1) {
error_setg(&err, "could not load initrd '%s'", ipl->initrd);
goto error;
}
/*
* we have to overwrite values in the kernel image,
* which are "rom"
*/
romptr = rom_ptr(INITRD_PARM_START, 16);
if (romptr) {
stq_p(romptr, initrd_offset);
stq_p(romptr + 1, initrd_size);
}
}
}
/*
* Don't ever use the migrated values, they could come from a different
* BIOS and therefore don't work. But still migrate the values, so
* QEMUs relying on it don't break.
*/
ipl->compat_start_addr = ipl->start_addr;
ipl->compat_bios_start_addr = ipl->bios_start_addr;
qemu_register_reset(qdev_reset_all_fn, dev);
error:
error_propagate(errp, err);
}
static Property s390_ipl_properties[] = {
DEFINE_PROP_STRING("kernel", S390IPLState, kernel),
DEFINE_PROP_STRING("initrd", S390IPLState, initrd),
DEFINE_PROP_STRING("cmdline", S390IPLState, cmdline),
DEFINE_PROP_STRING("firmware", S390IPLState, firmware),
DEFINE_PROP_STRING("netboot_fw", S390IPLState, netboot_fw),
DEFINE_PROP_BOOL("enforce_bios", S390IPLState, enforce_bios, false),
DEFINE_PROP_BOOL("iplbext_migration", S390IPLState, iplbext_migration,
true),
DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
};
static void s390_ipl_set_boot_menu(S390IPLState *ipl)
{
QemuOptsList *plist = qemu_find_opts("boot-opts");
QemuOpts *opts = QTAILQ_FIRST(&plist->head);
const char *tmp;
unsigned long splash_time = 0;
if (!get_boot_device(0)) {
if (boot_menu) {
error_report("boot menu requires a bootindex to be specified for "
"the IPL device");
}
return;
}
switch (ipl->iplb.pbt) {
case S390_IPL_TYPE_CCW:
/* In the absence of -boot menu, use zipl parameters */
if (!qemu_opt_get(opts, "menu")) {
ipl->qipl.qipl_flags |= QIPL_FLAG_BM_OPTS_ZIPL;
return;
}
break;
case S390_IPL_TYPE_QEMU_SCSI:
break;
default:
if (boot_menu) {
error_report("boot menu is not supported for this device type");
}
return;
}
if (!boot_menu) {
return;
}
ipl->qipl.qipl_flags |= QIPL_FLAG_BM_OPTS_CMD;
tmp = qemu_opt_get(opts, "splash-time");
if (tmp && qemu_strtoul(tmp, NULL, 10, &splash_time)) {
error_report("splash-time is invalid, forcing it to 0");
ipl->qipl.boot_menu_timeout = 0;
return;
}
if (splash_time > 0xffffffff) {
error_report("splash-time is too large, forcing it to max value");
ipl->qipl.boot_menu_timeout = 0xffffffff;
return;
}
ipl->qipl.boot_menu_timeout = cpu_to_be32(splash_time);
}
#define CCW_DEVTYPE_NONE 0x00
#define CCW_DEVTYPE_VIRTIO 0x01
#define CCW_DEVTYPE_VIRTIO_NET 0x02
#define CCW_DEVTYPE_SCSI 0x03
#define CCW_DEVTYPE_VFIO 0x04
static CcwDevice *s390_get_ccw_device(DeviceState *dev_st, int *devtype)
{
CcwDevice *ccw_dev = NULL;
int tmp_dt = CCW_DEVTYPE_NONE;
if (dev_st) {
VirtIONet *virtio_net_dev = (VirtIONet *)
object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev_st), TYPE_VIRTIO_NET);
VirtioCcwDevice *virtio_ccw_dev = (VirtioCcwDevice *)
object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(qdev_get_parent_bus(dev_st)->parent),
TYPE_VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE);
VFIOCCWDevice *vfio_ccw_dev = (VFIOCCWDevice *)
object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev_st), TYPE_VFIO_CCW);
if (virtio_ccw_dev) {
ccw_dev = CCW_DEVICE(virtio_ccw_dev);
if (virtio_net_dev) {
tmp_dt = CCW_DEVTYPE_VIRTIO_NET;
} else {
tmp_dt = CCW_DEVTYPE_VIRTIO;
}
} else if (vfio_ccw_dev) {
ccw_dev = CCW_DEVICE(vfio_ccw_dev);
tmp_dt = CCW_DEVTYPE_VFIO;
} else {
SCSIDevice *sd = (SCSIDevice *)
object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev_st),
TYPE_SCSI_DEVICE);
if (sd) {
SCSIBus *bus = scsi_bus_from_device(sd);
VirtIOSCSI *vdev = container_of(bus, VirtIOSCSI, bus);
VirtIOSCSICcw *scsi_ccw = container_of(vdev, VirtIOSCSICcw,
vdev);
ccw_dev = (CcwDevice *)object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(scsi_ccw),
TYPE_CCW_DEVICE);
tmp_dt = CCW_DEVTYPE_SCSI;
}
}
}
if (devtype) {
*devtype = tmp_dt;
}
return ccw_dev;
}
static bool s390_gen_initial_iplb(S390IPLState *ipl)
{
DeviceState *dev_st;
CcwDevice *ccw_dev = NULL;
SCSIDevice *sd;
int devtype;
dev_st = get_boot_device(0);
if (dev_st) {
ccw_dev = s390_get_ccw_device(dev_st, &devtype);
}
/*
* Currently allow IPL only from CCW devices.
*/
if (ccw_dev) {
switch (devtype) {
case CCW_DEVTYPE_SCSI:
sd = (SCSIDevice *) object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev_st),
TYPE_SCSI_DEVICE);
ipl->iplb.len = cpu_to_be32(S390_IPLB_MIN_QEMU_SCSI_LEN);
ipl->iplb.blk0_len =
cpu_to_be32(S390_IPLB_MIN_QEMU_SCSI_LEN - S390_IPLB_HEADER_LEN);
ipl->iplb.pbt = S390_IPL_TYPE_QEMU_SCSI;
ipl->iplb.scsi.lun = cpu_to_be32(sd->lun);
ipl->iplb.scsi.target = cpu_to_be16(sd->id);
ipl->iplb.scsi.channel = cpu_to_be16(sd->channel);
ipl->iplb.scsi.devno = cpu_to_be16(ccw_dev->sch->devno);
ipl->iplb.scsi.ssid = ccw_dev->sch->ssid & 3;
break;
case CCW_DEVTYPE_VFIO:
ipl->iplb.len = cpu_to_be32(S390_IPLB_MIN_CCW_LEN);
ipl->iplb.pbt = S390_IPL_TYPE_CCW;
ipl->iplb.ccw.devno = cpu_to_be16(ccw_dev->sch->devno);
ipl->iplb.ccw.ssid = ccw_dev->sch->ssid & 3;
break;
case CCW_DEVTYPE_VIRTIO_NET:
ipl->netboot = true;
/* Fall through to CCW_DEVTYPE_VIRTIO case */
case CCW_DEVTYPE_VIRTIO:
ipl->iplb.len = cpu_to_be32(S390_IPLB_MIN_CCW_LEN);
ipl->iplb.blk0_len =
cpu_to_be32(S390_IPLB_MIN_CCW_LEN - S390_IPLB_HEADER_LEN);
ipl->iplb.pbt = S390_IPL_TYPE_CCW;
ipl->iplb.ccw.devno = cpu_to_be16(ccw_dev->sch->devno);
ipl->iplb.ccw.ssid = ccw_dev->sch->ssid & 3;
break;
}
if (!s390_ipl_set_loadparm(ipl->iplb.loadparm)) {
ipl->iplb.flags |= DIAG308_FLAGS_LP_VALID;
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
int s390_ipl_set_loadparm(uint8_t *loadparm)
{
MachineState *machine = MACHINE(qdev_get_machine());
char *lp = object_property_get_str(OBJECT(machine), "loadparm", NULL);
if (lp) {
int i;
/* lp is an uppercase string without leading/embedded spaces */
for (i = 0; i < 8 && lp[i]; i++) {
loadparm[i] = ascii2ebcdic[(uint8_t) lp[i]];
}
if (i < 8) {
memset(loadparm + i, 0x40, 8 - i); /* fill with EBCDIC spaces */
}
g_free(lp);
return 0;
}
return -1;
}
static int load_netboot_image(Error **errp)
{
S390IPLState *ipl = get_ipl_device();
char *netboot_filename;
MemoryRegion *sysmem = get_system_memory();
MemoryRegion *mr = NULL;
void *ram_ptr = NULL;
int img_size = -1;
mr = memory_region_find(sysmem, 0, 1).mr;
if (!mr) {
error_setg(errp, "Failed to find memory region at address 0");
return -1;
}
ram_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(mr);
if (!ram_ptr) {
error_setg(errp, "No RAM found");
goto unref_mr;
}
netboot_filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, ipl->netboot_fw);
if (netboot_filename == NULL) {
error_setg(errp, "Could not find network bootloader '%s'",
ipl->netboot_fw);
goto unref_mr;
}
img_size = load_elf_ram(netboot_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL,
&ipl->start_addr,
NULL, NULL, 1, EM_S390, 0, 0, NULL, false);
if (img_size < 0) {
img_size = load_image_size(netboot_filename, ram_ptr, ram_size);
ipl->start_addr = KERN_IMAGE_START;
}
if (img_size < 0) {
error_setg(errp, "Failed to load network bootloader");
}
g_free(netboot_filename);
unref_mr:
memory_region_unref(mr);
return img_size;
}
static bool is_virtio_ccw_device_of_type(IplParameterBlock *iplb,
int virtio_id)
{
uint8_t cssid;
uint8_t ssid;
uint16_t devno;
uint16_t schid;
SubchDev *sch = NULL;
if (iplb->pbt != S390_IPL_TYPE_CCW) {
return false;
}
devno = be16_to_cpu(iplb->ccw.devno);
ssid = iplb->ccw.ssid & 3;
for (schid = 0; schid < MAX_SCHID; schid++) {
for (cssid = 0; cssid < MAX_CSSID; cssid++) {
sch = css_find_subch(1, cssid, ssid, schid);
if (sch && sch->devno == devno) {
return sch->id.cu_model == virtio_id;
}
}
}
return false;
}
static bool is_virtio_net_device(IplParameterBlock *iplb)
{
return is_virtio_ccw_device_of_type(iplb, VIRTIO_ID_NET);
}
static bool is_virtio_scsi_device(IplParameterBlock *iplb)
{
return is_virtio_ccw_device_of_type(iplb, VIRTIO_ID_SCSI);
}
void s390_ipl_update_diag308(IplParameterBlock *iplb)
{
S390IPLState *ipl = get_ipl_device();
ipl->iplb = *iplb;
ipl->iplb_valid = true;
ipl->netboot = is_virtio_net_device(iplb);
}
IplParameterBlock *s390_ipl_get_iplb(void)
{
S390IPLState *ipl = get_ipl_device();
if (!ipl->iplb_valid) {
return NULL;
}
return &ipl->iplb;
}
void s390_ipl_reset_request(CPUState *cs, enum s390_reset reset_type)
{
S390IPLState *ipl = get_ipl_device();
if (reset_type == S390_RESET_EXTERNAL || reset_type == S390_RESET_REIPL) {
/* use CPU 0 for full resets */
ipl->reset_cpu_index = 0;
} else {
ipl->reset_cpu_index = cs->cpu_index;
}
ipl->reset_type = reset_type;
if (reset_type == S390_RESET_REIPL &&
ipl->iplb_valid &&
!ipl->netboot &&
ipl->iplb.pbt == S390_IPL_TYPE_CCW &&
is_virtio_scsi_device(&ipl->iplb)) {
CcwDevice *ccw_dev = s390_get_ccw_device(get_boot_device(0), NULL);
if (ccw_dev &&
cpu_to_be16(ccw_dev->sch->devno) == ipl->iplb.ccw.devno &&
(ccw_dev->sch->ssid & 3) == ipl->iplb.ccw.ssid) {
/*
* this is the original boot device's SCSI
* so restore IPL parameter info from it
*/
ipl->iplb_valid = s390_gen_initial_iplb(ipl);
}
}
if (reset_type == S390_RESET_MODIFIED_CLEAR ||
reset_type == S390_RESET_LOAD_NORMAL) {
/* ignore -no-reboot, send no event */
qemu_system_reset_request(SHUTDOWN_CAUSE_SUBSYSTEM_RESET);
} else {
qemu_system_reset_request(SHUTDOWN_CAUSE_GUEST_RESET);
}
/* as this is triggered by a CPU, make sure to exit the loop */
if (tcg_enabled()) {
cpu_loop_exit(cs);
}
}
void s390_ipl_get_reset_request(CPUState **cs, enum s390_reset *reset_type)
{
S390IPLState *ipl = get_ipl_device();
*cs = qemu_get_cpu(ipl->reset_cpu_index);
if (!*cs) {
/* use any CPU */
*cs = first_cpu;
}
*reset_type = ipl->reset_type;
}
void s390_ipl_clear_reset_request(void)
{
S390IPLState *ipl = get_ipl_device();
ipl->reset_type = S390_RESET_EXTERNAL;
/* use CPU 0 for full resets */
ipl->reset_cpu_index = 0;
}
static void s390_ipl_prepare_qipl(S390CPU *cpu)
{
S390IPLState *ipl = get_ipl_device();
uint8_t *addr;
uint64_t len = 4096;
addr = cpu_physical_memory_map(cpu->env.psa, &len, 1);
if (!addr || len < QIPL_ADDRESS + sizeof(QemuIplParameters)) {
error_report("Cannot set QEMU IPL parameters");
return;
}
memcpy(addr + QIPL_ADDRESS, &ipl->qipl, sizeof(QemuIplParameters));
cpu_physical_memory_unmap(addr, len, 1, len);
}
void s390_ipl_prepare_cpu(S390CPU *cpu)
{
S390IPLState *ipl = get_ipl_device();
Error *err = NULL;
cpu->env.psw.addr = ipl->start_addr;
cpu->env.psw.mask = IPL_PSW_MASK;
if (!ipl->kernel || ipl->iplb_valid) {
cpu->env.psw.addr = ipl->bios_start_addr;
if (!ipl->iplb_valid) {
ipl->iplb_valid = s390_gen_initial_iplb(ipl);
}
}
if (ipl->netboot) {
if (load_netboot_image(&err) < 0) {
error_report_err(err);
exit(1);
}
ipl->qipl.netboot_start_addr = cpu_to_be64(ipl->start_addr);
}
s390_ipl_set_boot_menu(ipl);
s390_ipl_prepare_qipl(cpu);
}
static void s390_ipl_reset(DeviceState *dev)
{
S390IPLState *ipl = S390_IPL(dev);
if (ipl->reset_type != S390_RESET_REIPL) {
ipl->iplb_valid = false;
memset(&ipl->iplb, 0, sizeof(IplParameterBlock));
}
}
static void s390_ipl_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
dc->realize = s390_ipl_realize;
dc->props = s390_ipl_properties;
dc->reset = s390_ipl_reset;
dc->vmsd = &vmstate_ipl;
set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_MISC, dc->categories);
/* Reason: Loads the ROMs and thus can only be used one time - internally */
dc->user_creatable = false;
}
static const TypeInfo s390_ipl_info = {
.class_init = s390_ipl_class_init,
.parent = TYPE_DEVICE,
.name = TYPE_S390_IPL,
.instance_size = sizeof(S390IPLState),
};
static void s390_ipl_register_types(void)
{
type_register_static(&s390_ipl_info);
}
type_init(s390_ipl_register_types)
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