227 lines
7.9 KiB
ReStructuredText
227 lines
7.9 KiB
ReStructuredText
Xilinx Versal Virt (``xlnx-versal-virt``)
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=========================================
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Xilinx Versal is a family of heterogeneous multi-core SoCs
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(System on Chip) that combine traditional hardened CPUs and I/O
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peripherals in a Processing System (PS) with runtime programmable
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FPGA logic (PL) and an Artificial Intelligence Engine (AIE).
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More details here:
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https://www.xilinx.com/products/silicon-devices/acap/versal.html
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The family of Versal SoCs share a single architecture but come in
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different parts with different speed grades, amounts of PL and
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other differences.
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The Xilinx Versal Virt board in QEMU is a model of a virtual board
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(does not exist in reality) with a virtual Versal SoC without I/O
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limitations. Currently, we support the following cores and devices:
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Implemented CPU cores:
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- 2 ACPUs (ARM Cortex-A72)
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Implemented devices:
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- Interrupt controller (ARM GICv3)
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- 2 UARTs (ARM PL011)
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- An RTC (Versal built-in)
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- 2 GEMs (Cadence MACB Ethernet MACs)
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- 8 ADMA (Xilinx zDMA) channels
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- 2 SD Controllers
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- OCM (256KB of On Chip Memory)
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- XRAM (4MB of on chip Accelerator RAM)
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- DDR memory
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- BBRAM (36 bytes of Battery-backed RAM)
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- eFUSE (3072 bytes of one-time field-programmable bit array)
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QEMU does not yet model any other devices, including the PL and the AI Engine.
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Other differences between the hardware and the QEMU model:
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- QEMU allows the amount of DDR memory provided to be specified with the
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``-m`` argument. If a DTB is provided on the command line then QEMU will
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edit it to include suitable entries describing the Versal DDR memory ranges.
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- QEMU provides 8 virtio-mmio virtio transports; these start at
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address ``0xa0000000`` and have IRQs from 111 and upwards.
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Running
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"""""""
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If the user provides an Operating System to be loaded, we expect users
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to use the ``-kernel`` command line option.
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Users can load firmware or boot-loaders with the ``-device loader`` options.
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When loading an OS, QEMU generates a DTB and selects an appropriate address
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where it gets loaded. This DTB will be passed to the kernel in register x0.
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If there's no ``-kernel`` option, we generate a DTB and place it at 0x1000
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for boot-loaders or firmware to pick it up.
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If users want to provide their own DTB, they can use the ``-dtb`` option.
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These DTBs will have their memory nodes modified to match QEMU's
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selected ram_size option before they get passed to the kernel or FW.
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When loading an OS, we turn on QEMU's PSCI implementation with SMC
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as the PSCI conduit. When there's no ``-kernel`` option, we assume the user
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provides EL3 firmware to handle PSCI.
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A few examples:
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Direct Linux boot of a generic ARM64 upstream Linux kernel:
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.. code-block:: bash
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$ qemu-system-aarch64 -M xlnx-versal-virt -m 2G \
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-serial mon:stdio -display none \
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-kernel arch/arm64/boot/Image \
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-nic user -nic user \
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-device virtio-rng-device,bus=virtio-mmio-bus.0 \
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-drive if=none,index=0,file=hd0.qcow2,id=hd0,snapshot \
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-drive file=qemu_sd.qcow2,if=sd,index=0,snapshot \
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-device virtio-blk-device,drive=hd0 -append root=/dev/vda
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Direct Linux boot of PetaLinux 2019.2:
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.. code-block:: bash
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$ qemu-system-aarch64 -M xlnx-versal-virt -m 2G \
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-serial mon:stdio -display none \
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-kernel petalinux-v2019.2/Image \
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-append "rdinit=/sbin/init console=ttyAMA0,115200n8 earlycon=pl011,mmio,0xFF000000,115200n8" \
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-net nic,model=cadence_gem,netdev=net0 -netdev user,id=net0 \
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-device virtio-rng-device,bus=virtio-mmio-bus.0,rng=rng0 \
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-object rng-random,filename=/dev/urandom,id=rng0
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Boot PetaLinux 2019.2 via ARM Trusted Firmware (2018.3 because the 2019.2
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version of ATF tries to configure the CCI which we don't model) and U-boot:
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.. code-block:: bash
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$ qemu-system-aarch64 -M xlnx-versal-virt -m 2G \
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-serial stdio -display none \
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-device loader,file=petalinux-v2018.3/bl31.elf,cpu-num=0 \
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-device loader,file=petalinux-v2019.2/u-boot.elf \
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-device loader,addr=0x20000000,file=petalinux-v2019.2/Image \
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-nic user -nic user \
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-device virtio-rng-device,bus=virtio-mmio-bus.0,rng=rng0 \
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-object rng-random,filename=/dev/urandom,id=rng0
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Run the following at the U-Boot prompt:
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.. code-block:: bash
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Versal>
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fdt addr $fdtcontroladdr
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fdt move $fdtcontroladdr 0x40000000
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fdt set /timer clock-frequency <0x3dfd240>
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setenv bootargs "rdinit=/sbin/init maxcpus=1 console=ttyAMA0,115200n8 earlycon=pl011,mmio,0xFF000000,115200n8"
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booti 20000000 - 40000000
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fdt addr $fdtcontroladdr
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Boot Linux as DOM0 on Xen via U-Boot:
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.. code-block:: bash
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$ qemu-system-aarch64 -M xlnx-versal-virt -m 4G \
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-serial stdio -display none \
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-device loader,file=petalinux-v2019.2/u-boot.elf,cpu-num=0 \
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-device loader,addr=0x30000000,file=linux/2018-04-24/xen \
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-device loader,addr=0x40000000,file=petalinux-v2019.2/Image \
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-nic user -nic user \
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-device virtio-rng-device,bus=virtio-mmio-bus.0,rng=rng0 \
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-object rng-random,filename=/dev/urandom,id=rng0
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Run the following at the U-Boot prompt:
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.. code-block:: bash
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Versal>
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fdt addr $fdtcontroladdr
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fdt move $fdtcontroladdr 0x20000000
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fdt set /timer clock-frequency <0x3dfd240>
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fdt set /chosen xen,xen-bootargs "console=dtuart dtuart=/uart@ff000000 dom0_mem=640M bootscrub=0 maxcpus=1 timer_slop=0"
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fdt set /chosen xen,dom0-bootargs "rdinit=/sbin/init clk_ignore_unused console=hvc0 maxcpus=1"
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fdt mknode /chosen dom0
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fdt set /chosen/dom0 compatible "xen,multiboot-module"
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fdt set /chosen/dom0 reg <0x00000000 0x40000000 0x0 0x03100000>
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booti 30000000 - 20000000
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Boot Linux as Dom0 on Xen via ARM Trusted Firmware and U-Boot:
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.. code-block:: bash
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$ qemu-system-aarch64 -M xlnx-versal-virt -m 4G \
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-serial stdio -display none \
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-device loader,file=petalinux-v2018.3/bl31.elf,cpu-num=0 \
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-device loader,file=petalinux-v2019.2/u-boot.elf \
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-device loader,addr=0x30000000,file=linux/2018-04-24/xen \
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-device loader,addr=0x40000000,file=petalinux-v2019.2/Image \
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-nic user -nic user \
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-device virtio-rng-device,bus=virtio-mmio-bus.0,rng=rng0 \
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-object rng-random,filename=/dev/urandom,id=rng0
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Run the following at the U-Boot prompt:
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.. code-block:: bash
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Versal>
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fdt addr $fdtcontroladdr
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fdt move $fdtcontroladdr 0x20000000
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fdt set /timer clock-frequency <0x3dfd240>
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fdt set /chosen xen,xen-bootargs "console=dtuart dtuart=/uart@ff000000 dom0_mem=640M bootscrub=0 maxcpus=1 timer_slop=0"
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fdt set /chosen xen,dom0-bootargs "rdinit=/sbin/init clk_ignore_unused console=hvc0 maxcpus=1"
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fdt mknode /chosen dom0
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fdt set /chosen/dom0 compatible "xen,multiboot-module"
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fdt set /chosen/dom0 reg <0x00000000 0x40000000 0x0 0x03100000>
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booti 30000000 - 20000000
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BBRAM File Backend
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""""""""""""""""""
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BBRAM can have an optional file backend, which must be a seekable
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binary file with a size of 36 bytes or larger. A file with all
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binary 0s is a 'blank'.
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To add a file-backend for the BBRAM:
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.. code-block:: bash
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-drive if=pflash,index=0,file=versal-bbram.bin,format=raw
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To use a different index value, N, from default of 0, add:
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.. code-block:: bash
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-global xlnx,bbram-ctrl.drive-index=N
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eFUSE File Backend
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""""""""""""""""""
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eFUSE can have an optional file backend, which must be a seekable
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binary file with a size of 3072 bytes or larger. A file with all
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binary 0s is a 'blank'.
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To add a file-backend for the eFUSE:
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.. code-block:: bash
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-drive if=pflash,index=1,file=versal-efuse.bin,format=raw
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To use a different index value, N, from default of 1, add:
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.. code-block:: bash
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-global xlnx,efuse.drive-index=N
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.. warning::
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In actual physical Versal, BBRAM and eFUSE contain sensitive data.
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The QEMU device models do **not** encrypt nor obfuscate any data
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when holding them in models' memory or when writing them to their
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file backends.
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Thus, a file backend should be used with caution, and 'format=luks'
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is highly recommended (albeit with usage complexity).
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Better yet, do not use actual product data when running guest image
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on this Xilinx Versal Virt board.
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