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qemu-e2k/qemu-img.c
Eric Blake d9f059aa6c qemu-img: Deprecate use of -b without -F 
Creating an image that requires format probing of the backing image is
potentially unsafe (we've had several CVEs over the years based on
probes leaking information to the guest on a subsequent boot, although
these days tools like libvirt are aware of the issue enough to prevent
the worst effects).  For example, if our probing algorithm ever
changes, or if other tools like libvirt determine a different probe
result than we do, then subsequent use of that backing file under a
different format will present corrupted data to the guest.
Fortunately, the worst effects occur only when the backing image is
originally raw, and we at least prevent commit into a probed raw
backing file that would change its probed type.

Still, it is worth starting a deprecation clock so that future
qemu-img can refuse to create backing chains that would rely on
probing, to encourage clients to avoid unsafe practices.  Most
warnings are intentionally emitted from bdrv_img_create() in the block
layer, but qemu-img convert uses bdrv_create() which cannot emit its
own warning without causing spurious warnings on other code paths.  In
the end, all command-line image creation or backing file rewriting now
performs a check.

Furthermore, if we probe a backing file as non-raw, then it is safe to
explicitly record that result (rather than relying on future probes);
only where we probe a raw image do we care about further warnings to
the user when using such an image (for example, commits into a
probed-raw backing file are prevented), to help them improve their
tooling.  But whether or not we make the probe results explicit, we
still warn the user to remind them to upgrade their workflow to supply
-F always.

iotest 114 specifically wants to create an unsafe image for later
amendment rather than defaulting to our new default of recording a
probed format, so it needs an update.  While touching it, expand it to
cover all of the various warnings enabled by this patch.  iotest 301
also shows a change to qcow messages.

Signed-off-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20200706203954.341758-11-eblake@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
2020-07-14 15:24:05 +02:00

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/*
* QEMU disk image utility
*
* Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
* THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
* THE SOFTWARE.
*/
#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include <getopt.h>
#include "qemu-common.h"
#include "qemu-version.h"
#include "qapi/error.h"
#include "qapi/qapi-commands-block-core.h"
#include "qapi/qapi-visit-block-core.h"
#include "qapi/qobject-output-visitor.h"
#include "qapi/qmp/qjson.h"
#include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
#include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
#include "qemu/cutils.h"
#include "qemu/config-file.h"
#include "qemu/option.h"
#include "qemu/error-report.h"
#include "qemu/log.h"
#include "qemu/main-loop.h"
#include "qemu/module.h"
#include "qemu/units.h"
#include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
#include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
#include "block/block_int.h"
#include "block/blockjob.h"
#include "block/qapi.h"
#include "crypto/init.h"
#include "trace/control.h"
#define QEMU_IMG_VERSION "qemu-img version " QEMU_FULL_VERSION \
"\n" QEMU_COPYRIGHT "\n"
typedef struct img_cmd_t {
const char *name;
int (*handler)(int argc, char **argv);
} img_cmd_t;
enum {
OPTION_OUTPUT = 256,
OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN = 257,
OPTION_OBJECT = 258,
OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS = 259,
OPTION_PATTERN = 260,
OPTION_FLUSH_INTERVAL = 261,
OPTION_NO_DRAIN = 262,
OPTION_TARGET_IMAGE_OPTS = 263,
OPTION_SIZE = 264,
OPTION_PREALLOCATION = 265,
OPTION_SHRINK = 266,
OPTION_SALVAGE = 267,
OPTION_TARGET_IS_ZERO = 268,
OPTION_ADD = 269,
OPTION_REMOVE = 270,
OPTION_CLEAR = 271,
OPTION_ENABLE = 272,
OPTION_DISABLE = 273,
OPTION_MERGE = 274,
OPTION_BITMAPS = 275,
OPTION_FORCE = 276,
};
typedef enum OutputFormat {
OFORMAT_JSON,
OFORMAT_HUMAN,
} OutputFormat;
/* Default to cache=writeback as data integrity is not important for qemu-img */
#define BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE "writeback"
static void format_print(void *opaque, const char *name)
{
printf(" %s", name);
}
static void QEMU_NORETURN GCC_FMT_ATTR(1, 2) error_exit(const char *fmt, ...)
{
va_list ap;
va_start(ap, fmt);
error_vreport(fmt, ap);
va_end(ap);
error_printf("Try 'qemu-img --help' for more information\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
static void QEMU_NORETURN missing_argument(const char *option)
{
error_exit("missing argument for option '%s'", option);
}
static void QEMU_NORETURN unrecognized_option(const char *option)
{
error_exit("unrecognized option '%s'", option);
}
/* Please keep in synch with docs/tools/qemu-img.rst */
static void QEMU_NORETURN help(void)
{
const char *help_msg =
QEMU_IMG_VERSION
"usage: qemu-img [standard options] command [command options]\n"
"QEMU disk image utility\n"
"\n"
" '-h', '--help' display this help and exit\n"
" '-V', '--version' output version information and exit\n"
" '-T', '--trace' [[enable=]<pattern>][,events=<file>][,file=<file>]\n"
" specify tracing options\n"
"\n"
"Command syntax:\n"
#define DEF(option, callback, arg_string) \
" " arg_string "\n"
#include "qemu-img-cmds.h"
#undef DEF
"\n"
"Command parameters:\n"
" 'filename' is a disk image filename\n"
" 'objectdef' is a QEMU user creatable object definition. See the qemu(1)\n"
" manual page for a description of the object properties. The most common\n"
" object type is a 'secret', which is used to supply passwords and/or\n"
" encryption keys.\n"
" 'fmt' is the disk image format. It is guessed automatically in most cases\n"
" 'cache' is the cache mode used to write the output disk image, the valid\n"
" options are: 'none', 'writeback' (default, except for convert), 'writethrough',\n"
" 'directsync' and 'unsafe' (default for convert)\n"
" 'src_cache' is the cache mode used to read input disk images, the valid\n"
" options are the same as for the 'cache' option\n"
" 'size' is the disk image size in bytes. Optional suffixes\n"
" 'k' or 'K' (kilobyte, 1024), 'M' (megabyte, 1024k), 'G' (gigabyte, 1024M),\n"
" 'T' (terabyte, 1024G), 'P' (petabyte, 1024T) and 'E' (exabyte, 1024P) are\n"
" supported. 'b' is ignored.\n"
" 'output_filename' is the destination disk image filename\n"
" 'output_fmt' is the destination format\n"
" 'options' is a comma separated list of format specific options in a\n"
" name=value format. Use -o ? for an overview of the options supported by the\n"
" used format\n"
" 'snapshot_param' is param used for internal snapshot, format\n"
" is 'snapshot.id=[ID],snapshot.name=[NAME]', or\n"
" '[ID_OR_NAME]'\n"
" '-c' indicates that target image must be compressed (qcow format only)\n"
" '-u' allows unsafe backing chains. For rebasing, it is assumed that old and\n"
" new backing file match exactly. The image doesn't need a working\n"
" backing file before rebasing in this case (useful for renaming the\n"
" backing file). For image creation, allow creating without attempting\n"
" to open the backing file.\n"
" '-h' with or without a command shows this help and lists the supported formats\n"
" '-p' show progress of command (only certain commands)\n"
" '-q' use Quiet mode - do not print any output (except errors)\n"
" '-S' indicates the consecutive number of bytes (defaults to 4k) that must\n"
" contain only zeros for qemu-img to create a sparse image during\n"
" conversion. If the number of bytes is 0, the source will not be scanned for\n"
" unallocated or zero sectors, and the destination image will always be\n"
" fully allocated\n"
" '--output' takes the format in which the output must be done (human or json)\n"
" '-n' skips the target volume creation (useful if the volume is created\n"
" prior to running qemu-img)\n"
"\n"
"Parameters to bitmap subcommand:\n"
" 'bitmap' is the name of the bitmap to manipulate, through one or more\n"
" actions from '--add', '--remove', '--clear', '--enable', '--disable',\n"
" or '--merge source'\n"
" '-g granularity' sets the granularity for '--add' actions\n"
" '-b source' and '-F src_fmt' tell '--merge' actions to find the source\n"
" bitmaps from an alternative file\n"
"\n"
"Parameters to check subcommand:\n"
" '-r' tries to repair any inconsistencies that are found during the check.\n"
" '-r leaks' repairs only cluster leaks, whereas '-r all' fixes all\n"
" kinds of errors, with a higher risk of choosing the wrong fix or\n"
" hiding corruption that has already occurred.\n"
"\n"
"Parameters to convert subcommand:\n"
" '--bitmaps' copies all top-level persistent bitmaps to destination\n"
" '-m' specifies how many coroutines work in parallel during the convert\n"
" process (defaults to 8)\n"
" '-W' allow to write to the target out of order rather than sequential\n"
"\n"
"Parameters to snapshot subcommand:\n"
" 'snapshot' is the name of the snapshot to create, apply or delete\n"
" '-a' applies a snapshot (revert disk to saved state)\n"
" '-c' creates a snapshot\n"
" '-d' deletes a snapshot\n"
" '-l' lists all snapshots in the given image\n"
"\n"
"Parameters to compare subcommand:\n"
" '-f' first image format\n"
" '-F' second image format\n"
" '-s' run in Strict mode - fail on different image size or sector allocation\n"
"\n"
"Parameters to dd subcommand:\n"
" 'bs=BYTES' read and write up to BYTES bytes at a time "
"(default: 512)\n"
" 'count=N' copy only N input blocks\n"
" 'if=FILE' read from FILE\n"
" 'of=FILE' write to FILE\n"
" 'skip=N' skip N bs-sized blocks at the start of input\n";
printf("%s\nSupported formats:", help_msg);
bdrv_iterate_format(format_print, NULL, false);
printf("\n\n" QEMU_HELP_BOTTOM "\n");
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
.name = "object",
.implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
.head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
.desc = {
{ }
},
};
static bool qemu_img_object_print_help(const char *type, QemuOpts *opts)
{
if (user_creatable_print_help(type, opts)) {
exit(0);
}
return true;
}
/*
* Is @optarg safe for accumulate_options()?
* It is when multiple of them can be joined together separated by ','.
* To make that work, @optarg must not start with ',' (or else a
* separating ',' preceding it gets escaped), and it must not end with
* an odd number of ',' (or else a separating ',' following it gets
* escaped), or be empty (or else a separating ',' preceding it can
* escape a separating ',' following it).
*
*/
static bool is_valid_option_list(const char *optarg)
{
size_t len = strlen(optarg);
size_t i;
if (!optarg[0] || optarg[0] == ',') {
return false;
}
for (i = len; i > 0 && optarg[i - 1] == ','; i--) {
}
if ((len - i) % 2) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
static int accumulate_options(char **options, char *optarg)
{
char *new_options;
if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg)) {
error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg);
return -1;
}
if (!*options) {
*options = g_strdup(optarg);
} else {
new_options = g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", *options, optarg);
g_free(*options);
*options = new_options;
}
return 0;
}
static QemuOptsList qemu_source_opts = {
.name = "source",
.implied_opt_name = "file",
.head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_source_opts.head),
.desc = {
{ }
},
};
static int GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3) qprintf(bool quiet, const char *fmt, ...)
{
int ret = 0;
if (!quiet) {
va_list args;
va_start(args, fmt);
ret = vprintf(fmt, args);
va_end(args);
}
return ret;
}
static int print_block_option_help(const char *filename, const char *fmt)
{
BlockDriver *drv, *proto_drv;
QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
Error *local_err = NULL;
/* Find driver and parse its options */
drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
if (!drv) {
error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
return 1;
}
if (!drv->create_opts) {
error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation", fmt);
return 1;
}
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, drv->create_opts);
if (filename) {
proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(filename, true, &local_err);
if (!proto_drv) {
error_report_err(local_err);
qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
return 1;
}
if (!proto_drv->create_opts) {
error_report("Protocol driver '%s' does not support image creation",
proto_drv->format_name);
qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
return 1;
}
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, proto_drv->create_opts);
}
if (filename) {
printf("Supported options:\n");
} else {
printf("Supported %s options:\n", fmt);
}
qemu_opts_print_help(create_opts, false);
qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
if (!filename) {
printf("\n"
"The protocol level may support further options.\n"
"Specify the target filename to include those options.\n");
}
return 0;
}
static BlockBackend *img_open_opts(const char *optstr,
QemuOpts *opts, int flags, bool writethrough,
bool quiet, bool force_share)
{
QDict *options;
Error *local_err = NULL;
BlockBackend *blk;
options = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL);
if (force_share) {
if (qdict_haskey(options, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE)
&& strcmp(qdict_get_str(options, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE), "on")) {
error_report("--force-share/-U conflicts with image options");
qobject_unref(options);
return NULL;
}
qdict_put_str(options, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE, "on");
}
blk = blk_new_open(NULL, NULL, options, flags, &local_err);
if (!blk) {
error_reportf_err(local_err, "Could not open '%s': ", optstr);
return NULL;
}
blk_set_enable_write_cache(blk, !writethrough);
return blk;
}
static BlockBackend *img_open_file(const char *filename,
QDict *options,
const char *fmt, int flags,
bool writethrough, bool quiet,
bool force_share)
{
BlockBackend *blk;
Error *local_err = NULL;
if (!options) {
options = qdict_new();
}
if (fmt) {
qdict_put_str(options, "driver", fmt);
}
if (force_share) {
qdict_put_bool(options, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE, true);
}
blk = blk_new_open(filename, NULL, options, flags, &local_err);
if (!blk) {
error_reportf_err(local_err, "Could not open '%s': ", filename);
return NULL;
}
blk_set_enable_write_cache(blk, !writethrough);
return blk;
}
static int img_add_key_secrets(void *opaque,
const char *name, const char *value,
Error **errp)
{
QDict *options = opaque;
if (g_str_has_suffix(name, "key-secret")) {
qdict_put_str(options, name, value);
}
return 0;
}
static BlockBackend *img_open(bool image_opts,
const char *filename,
const char *fmt, int flags, bool writethrough,
bool quiet, bool force_share)
{
BlockBackend *blk;
if (image_opts) {
QemuOpts *opts;
if (fmt) {
error_report("--image-opts and --format are mutually exclusive");
return NULL;
}
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("source"),
filename, true);
if (!opts) {
return NULL;
}
blk = img_open_opts(filename, opts, flags, writethrough, quiet,
force_share);
} else {
blk = img_open_file(filename, NULL, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet,
force_share);
}
return blk;
}
static int add_old_style_options(const char *fmt, QemuOpts *opts,
const char *base_filename,
const char *base_fmt)
{
if (base_filename) {
if (!qemu_opt_set(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE, base_filename,
NULL)) {
error_report("Backing file not supported for file format '%s'",
fmt);
return -1;
}
}
if (base_fmt) {
if (!qemu_opt_set(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT, base_fmt, NULL)) {
error_report("Backing file format not supported for file "
"format '%s'", fmt);
return -1;
}
}
return 0;
}
static int64_t cvtnum_full(const char *name, const char *value, int64_t min,
int64_t max)
{
int err;
uint64_t res;
err = qemu_strtosz(value, NULL, &res);
if (err < 0 && err != -ERANGE) {
error_report("Invalid %s specified. You may use "
"k, M, G, T, P or E suffixes for", name);
error_report("kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes, "
"petabytes and exabytes.");
return err;
}
if (err == -ERANGE || res > max || res < min) {
error_report("Invalid %s specified. Must be between %" PRId64
" and %" PRId64 ".", name, min, max);
return -ERANGE;
}
return res;
}
static int64_t cvtnum(const char *name, const char *value)
{
return cvtnum_full(name, value, 0, INT64_MAX);
}
static int img_create(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c;
uint64_t img_size = -1;
const char *fmt = "raw";
const char *base_fmt = NULL;
const char *filename;
const char *base_filename = NULL;
char *options = NULL;
Error *local_err = NULL;
bool quiet = false;
int flags = 0;
for(;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":F:b:f:ho:qu",
long_options, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case ':':
missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case '?':
unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'F':
base_fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'b':
base_filename = optarg;
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'o':
if (accumulate_options(&options, optarg) < 0) {
goto fail;
}
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case 'u':
flags |= BDRV_O_NO_BACKING;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
goto fail;
}
} break;
}
}
/* Get the filename */
filename = (optind < argc) ? argv[optind] : NULL;
if (options && has_help_option(options)) {
g_free(options);
return print_block_option_help(filename, fmt);
}
if (optind >= argc) {
error_exit("Expecting image file name");
}
optind++;
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
goto fail;
}
/* Get image size, if specified */
if (optind < argc) {
int64_t sval;
sval = cvtnum("image size", argv[optind++]);
if (sval < 0) {
goto fail;
}
img_size = (uint64_t)sval;
}
if (optind != argc) {
error_exit("Unexpected argument: %s", argv[optind]);
}
bdrv_img_create(filename, fmt, base_filename, base_fmt,
options, img_size, flags, quiet, &local_err);
if (local_err) {
error_reportf_err(local_err, "%s: ", filename);
goto fail;
}
g_free(options);
return 0;
fail:
g_free(options);
return 1;
}
static void dump_json_image_check(ImageCheck *check, bool quiet)
{
QString *str;
QObject *obj;
Visitor *v = qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj);
visit_type_ImageCheck(v, NULL, &check, &error_abort);
visit_complete(v, &obj);
str = qobject_to_json_pretty(obj);
assert(str != NULL);
qprintf(quiet, "%s\n", qstring_get_str(str));
qobject_unref(obj);
visit_free(v);
qobject_unref(str);
}
static void dump_human_image_check(ImageCheck *check, bool quiet)
{
if (!(check->corruptions || check->leaks || check->check_errors)) {
qprintf(quiet, "No errors were found on the image.\n");
} else {
if (check->corruptions) {
qprintf(quiet, "\n%" PRId64 " errors were found on the image.\n"
"Data may be corrupted, or further writes to the image "
"may corrupt it.\n",
check->corruptions);
}
if (check->leaks) {
qprintf(quiet,
"\n%" PRId64 " leaked clusters were found on the image.\n"
"This means waste of disk space, but no harm to data.\n",
check->leaks);
}
if (check->check_errors) {
qprintf(quiet,
"\n%" PRId64
" internal errors have occurred during the check.\n",
check->check_errors);
}
}
if (check->total_clusters != 0 && check->allocated_clusters != 0) {
qprintf(quiet, "%" PRId64 "/%" PRId64 " = %0.2f%% allocated, "
"%0.2f%% fragmented, %0.2f%% compressed clusters\n",
check->allocated_clusters, check->total_clusters,
check->allocated_clusters * 100.0 / check->total_clusters,
check->fragmented_clusters * 100.0 / check->allocated_clusters,
check->compressed_clusters * 100.0 /
check->allocated_clusters);
}
if (check->image_end_offset) {
qprintf(quiet,
"Image end offset: %" PRId64 "\n", check->image_end_offset);
}
}
static int collect_image_check(BlockDriverState *bs,
ImageCheck *check,
const char *filename,
const char *fmt,
int fix)
{
int ret;
BdrvCheckResult result;
ret = bdrv_check(bs, &result, fix);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
check->filename = g_strdup(filename);
check->format = g_strdup(bdrv_get_format_name(bs));
check->check_errors = result.check_errors;
check->corruptions = result.corruptions;
check->has_corruptions = result.corruptions != 0;
check->leaks = result.leaks;
check->has_leaks = result.leaks != 0;
check->corruptions_fixed = result.corruptions_fixed;
check->has_corruptions_fixed = result.corruptions_fixed != 0;
check->leaks_fixed = result.leaks_fixed;
check->has_leaks_fixed = result.leaks_fixed != 0;
check->image_end_offset = result.image_end_offset;
check->has_image_end_offset = result.image_end_offset != 0;
check->total_clusters = result.bfi.total_clusters;
check->has_total_clusters = result.bfi.total_clusters != 0;
check->allocated_clusters = result.bfi.allocated_clusters;
check->has_allocated_clusters = result.bfi.allocated_clusters != 0;
check->fragmented_clusters = result.bfi.fragmented_clusters;
check->has_fragmented_clusters = result.bfi.fragmented_clusters != 0;
check->compressed_clusters = result.bfi.compressed_clusters;
check->has_compressed_clusters = result.bfi.compressed_clusters != 0;
return 0;
}
/*
* Checks an image for consistency. Exit codes:
*
* 0 - Check completed, image is good
* 1 - Check not completed because of internal errors
* 2 - Check completed, image is corrupted
* 3 - Check completed, image has leaked clusters, but is good otherwise
* 63 - Checks are not supported by the image format
*/
static int img_check(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c, ret;
OutputFormat output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
const char *filename, *fmt, *output, *cache;
BlockBackend *blk;
BlockDriverState *bs;
int fix = 0;
int flags = BDRV_O_CHECK;
bool writethrough;
ImageCheck *check;
bool quiet = false;
bool image_opts = false;
bool force_share = false;
fmt = NULL;
output = NULL;
cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
for(;;) {
int option_index = 0;
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"format", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
{"repair", required_argument, 0, 'r'},
{"output", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":hf:r:T:qU",
long_options, &option_index);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case ':':
missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case '?':
unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'r':
flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
if (!strcmp(optarg, "leaks")) {
fix = BDRV_FIX_LEAKS;
} else if (!strcmp(optarg, "all")) {
fix = BDRV_FIX_LEAKS | BDRV_FIX_ERRORS;
} else {
error_exit("Unknown option value for -r "
"(expecting 'leaks' or 'all'): %s", optarg);
}
break;
case OPTION_OUTPUT:
output = optarg;
break;
case 'T':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case 'U':
force_share = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
return 1;
}
} break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
if (output && !strcmp(output, "json")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
} else if (output && !strcmp(output, "human")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
} else if (output) {
error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
return 1;
}
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
return 1;
}
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", cache);
return 1;
}
blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet,
force_share);
if (!blk) {
return 1;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
check = g_new0(ImageCheck, 1);
ret = collect_image_check(bs, check, filename, fmt, fix);
if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
error_report("This image format does not support checks");
ret = 63;
goto fail;
}
if (check->corruptions_fixed || check->leaks_fixed) {
int corruptions_fixed, leaks_fixed;
bool has_leaks_fixed, has_corruptions_fixed;
leaks_fixed = check->leaks_fixed;
has_leaks_fixed = check->has_leaks_fixed;
corruptions_fixed = check->corruptions_fixed;
has_corruptions_fixed = check->has_corruptions_fixed;
if (output_format == OFORMAT_HUMAN) {
qprintf(quiet,
"The following inconsistencies were found and repaired:\n\n"
" %" PRId64 " leaked clusters\n"
" %" PRId64 " corruptions\n\n"
"Double checking the fixed image now...\n",
check->leaks_fixed,
check->corruptions_fixed);
}
qapi_free_ImageCheck(check);
check = g_new0(ImageCheck, 1);
ret = collect_image_check(bs, check, filename, fmt, 0);
check->leaks_fixed = leaks_fixed;
check->has_leaks_fixed = has_leaks_fixed;
check->corruptions_fixed = corruptions_fixed;
check->has_corruptions_fixed = has_corruptions_fixed;
}
if (!ret) {
switch (output_format) {
case OFORMAT_HUMAN:
dump_human_image_check(check, quiet);
break;
case OFORMAT_JSON:
dump_json_image_check(check, quiet);
break;
}
}
if (ret || check->check_errors) {
if (ret) {
error_report("Check failed: %s", strerror(-ret));
} else {
error_report("Check failed");
}
ret = 1;
goto fail;
}
if (check->corruptions) {
ret = 2;
} else if (check->leaks) {
ret = 3;
} else {
ret = 0;
}
fail:
qapi_free_ImageCheck(check);
blk_unref(blk);
return ret;
}
typedef struct CommonBlockJobCBInfo {
BlockDriverState *bs;
Error **errp;
} CommonBlockJobCBInfo;
static void common_block_job_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
{
CommonBlockJobCBInfo *cbi = opaque;
if (ret < 0) {
error_setg_errno(cbi->errp, -ret, "Block job failed");
}
}
static void run_block_job(BlockJob *job, Error **errp)
{
AioContext *aio_context = blk_get_aio_context(job->blk);
int ret = 0;
aio_context_acquire(aio_context);
job_ref(&job->job);
do {
float progress = 0.0f;
aio_poll(aio_context, true);
if (job->job.progress.total) {
progress = (float)job->job.progress.current /
job->job.progress.total * 100.f;
}
qemu_progress_print(progress, 0);
} while (!job_is_ready(&job->job) && !job_is_completed(&job->job));
if (!job_is_completed(&job->job)) {
ret = job_complete_sync(&job->job, errp);
} else {
ret = job->job.ret;
}
job_unref(&job->job);
aio_context_release(aio_context);
/* publish completion progress only when success */
if (!ret) {
qemu_progress_print(100.f, 0);
}
}
static int img_commit(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c, ret, flags;
const char *filename, *fmt, *cache, *base;
BlockBackend *blk;
BlockDriverState *bs, *base_bs;
BlockJob *job;
bool progress = false, quiet = false, drop = false;
bool writethrough;
Error *local_err = NULL;
CommonBlockJobCBInfo cbi;
bool image_opts = false;
AioContext *aio_context;
fmt = NULL;
cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
base = NULL;
for(;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":f:ht:b:dpq",
long_options, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case ':':
missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case '?':
unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 't':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'b':
base = optarg;
/* -b implies -d */
drop = true;
break;
case 'd':
drop = true;
break;
case 'p':
progress = true;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
return 1;
}
} break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
/* Progress is not shown in Quiet mode */
if (quiet) {
progress = false;
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
return 1;
}
flags = BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_UNMAP;
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
return 1;
}
blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet,
false);
if (!blk) {
return 1;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
qemu_progress_init(progress, 1.f);
qemu_progress_print(0.f, 100);
if (base) {
base_bs = bdrv_find_backing_image(bs, base);
if (!base_bs) {
error_setg(&local_err,
"Did not find '%s' in the backing chain of '%s'",
base, filename);
goto done;
}
} else {
/* This is different from QMP, which by default uses the deepest file in
* the backing chain (i.e., the very base); however, the traditional
* behavior of qemu-img commit is using the immediate backing file. */
base_bs = backing_bs(bs);
if (!base_bs) {
error_setg(&local_err, "Image does not have a backing file");
goto done;
}
}
cbi = (CommonBlockJobCBInfo){
.errp = &local_err,
.bs = bs,
};
aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs);
aio_context_acquire(aio_context);
commit_active_start("commit", bs, base_bs, JOB_DEFAULT, 0,
BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT, NULL, common_block_job_cb,
&cbi, false, &local_err);
aio_context_release(aio_context);
if (local_err) {
goto done;
}
/* When the block job completes, the BlockBackend reference will point to
* the old backing file. In order to avoid that the top image is already
* deleted, so we can still empty it afterwards, increment the reference
* counter here preemptively. */
if (!drop) {
bdrv_ref(bs);
}
job = block_job_get("commit");
assert(job);
run_block_job(job, &local_err);
if (local_err) {
goto unref_backing;
}
if (!drop) {
BlockBackend *old_backing_blk;
old_backing_blk = blk_new_with_bs(bs, BLK_PERM_WRITE, BLK_PERM_ALL,
&local_err);
if (!old_backing_blk) {
goto unref_backing;
}
ret = blk_make_empty(old_backing_blk, &local_err);
blk_unref(old_backing_blk);
if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
error_free(local_err);
local_err = NULL;
} else if (ret < 0) {
goto unref_backing;
}
}
unref_backing:
if (!drop) {
bdrv_unref(bs);
}
done:
qemu_progress_end();
blk_unref(blk);
if (local_err) {
error_report_err(local_err);
return 1;
}
qprintf(quiet, "Image committed.\n");
return 0;
}
/*
* Returns -1 if 'buf' contains only zeroes, otherwise the byte index
* of the first sector boundary within buf where the sector contains a
* non-zero byte. This function is robust to a buffer that is not
* sector-aligned.
*/
static int64_t find_nonzero(const uint8_t *buf, int64_t n)
{
int64_t i;
int64_t end = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(n, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
for (i = 0; i < end; i += BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
if (!buffer_is_zero(buf + i, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE)) {
return i;
}
}
if (i < n && !buffer_is_zero(buf + i, n - end)) {
return i;
}
return -1;
}
/*
* Returns true iff the first sector pointed to by 'buf' contains at least
* a non-NUL byte.
*
* 'pnum' is set to the number of sectors (including and immediately following
* the first one) that are known to be in the same allocated/unallocated state.
* The function will try to align the end offset to alignment boundaries so
* that the request will at least end aligned and consequtive requests will
* also start at an aligned offset.
*/
static int is_allocated_sectors(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum,
int64_t sector_num, int alignment)
{
bool is_zero;
int i, tail;
if (n <= 0) {
*pnum = 0;
return 0;
}
is_zero = buffer_is_zero(buf, 512);
for(i = 1; i < n; i++) {
buf += 512;
if (is_zero != buffer_is_zero(buf, 512)) {
break;
}
}
tail = (sector_num + i) & (alignment - 1);
if (tail) {
if (is_zero && i <= tail) {
/* treat unallocated areas which only consist
* of a small tail as allocated. */
is_zero = false;
}
if (!is_zero) {
/* align up end offset of allocated areas. */
i += alignment - tail;
i = MIN(i, n);
} else {
/* align down end offset of zero areas. */
i -= tail;
}
}
*pnum = i;
return !is_zero;
}
/*
* Like is_allocated_sectors, but if the buffer starts with a used sector,
* up to 'min' consecutive sectors containing zeros are ignored. This avoids
* breaking up write requests for only small sparse areas.
*/
static int is_allocated_sectors_min(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum,
int min, int64_t sector_num, int alignment)
{
int ret;
int num_checked, num_used;
if (n < min) {
min = n;
}
ret = is_allocated_sectors(buf, n, pnum, sector_num, alignment);
if (!ret) {
return ret;
}
num_used = *pnum;
buf += BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE * *pnum;
n -= *pnum;
sector_num += *pnum;
num_checked = num_used;
while (n > 0) {
ret = is_allocated_sectors(buf, n, pnum, sector_num, alignment);
buf += BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE * *pnum;
n -= *pnum;
sector_num += *pnum;
num_checked += *pnum;
if (ret) {
num_used = num_checked;
} else if (*pnum >= min) {
break;
}
}
*pnum = num_used;
return 1;
}
/*
* Compares two buffers sector by sector. Returns 0 if the first
* sector of each buffer matches, non-zero otherwise.
*
* pnum is set to the sector-aligned size of the buffer prefix that
* has the same matching status as the first sector.
*/
static int compare_buffers(const uint8_t *buf1, const uint8_t *buf2,
int64_t bytes, int64_t *pnum)
{
bool res;
int64_t i = MIN(bytes, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
assert(bytes > 0);
res = !!memcmp(buf1, buf2, i);
while (i < bytes) {
int64_t len = MIN(bytes - i, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
if (!!memcmp(buf1 + i, buf2 + i, len) != res) {
break;
}
i += len;
}
*pnum = i;
return res;
}
#define IO_BUF_SIZE (2 * MiB)
/*
* Check if passed sectors are empty (not allocated or contain only 0 bytes)
*
* Intended for use by 'qemu-img compare': Returns 0 in case sectors are
* filled with 0, 1 if sectors contain non-zero data (this is a comparison
* failure), and 4 on error (the exit status for read errors), after emitting
* an error message.
*
* @param blk: BlockBackend for the image
* @param offset: Starting offset to check
* @param bytes: Number of bytes to check
* @param filename: Name of disk file we are checking (logging purpose)
* @param buffer: Allocated buffer for storing read data
* @param quiet: Flag for quiet mode
*/
static int check_empty_sectors(BlockBackend *blk, int64_t offset,
int64_t bytes, const char *filename,
uint8_t *buffer, bool quiet)
{
int ret = 0;
int64_t idx;
ret = blk_pread(blk, offset, buffer, bytes);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64 " of %s: %s",
offset, filename, strerror(-ret));
return 4;
}
idx = find_nonzero(buffer, bytes);
if (idx >= 0) {
qprintf(quiet, "Content mismatch at offset %" PRId64 "!\n",
offset + idx);
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Compares two images. Exit codes:
*
* 0 - Images are identical
* 1 - Images differ
* >1 - Error occurred
*/
static int img_compare(int argc, char **argv)
{
const char *fmt1 = NULL, *fmt2 = NULL, *cache, *filename1, *filename2;
BlockBackend *blk1, *blk2;
BlockDriverState *bs1, *bs2;
int64_t total_size1, total_size2;
uint8_t *buf1 = NULL, *buf2 = NULL;
int64_t pnum1, pnum2;
int allocated1, allocated2;
int ret = 0; /* return value - 0 Ident, 1 Different, >1 Error */
bool progress = false, quiet = false, strict = false;
int flags;
bool writethrough;
int64_t total_size;
int64_t offset = 0;
int64_t chunk;
int c;
uint64_t progress_base;
bool image_opts = false;
bool force_share = false;
cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
for (;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":hf:F:T:pqsU",
long_options, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch (c) {
case ':':
missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case '?':
unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt1 = optarg;
break;
case 'F':
fmt2 = optarg;
break;
case 'T':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'p':
progress = true;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case 's':
strict = true;
break;
case 'U':
force_share = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
ret = 2;
goto out4;
}
} break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
/* Progress is not shown in Quiet mode */
if (quiet) {
progress = false;
}
if (optind != argc - 2) {
error_exit("Expecting two image file names");
}
filename1 = argv[optind++];
filename2 = argv[optind++];
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
ret = 2;
goto out4;
}
/* Initialize before goto out */
qemu_progress_init(progress, 2.0);
flags = 0;
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", cache);
ret = 2;
goto out3;
}
blk1 = img_open(image_opts, filename1, fmt1, flags, writethrough, quiet,
force_share);
if (!blk1) {
ret = 2;
goto out3;
}
blk2 = img_open(image_opts, filename2, fmt2, flags, writethrough, quiet,
force_share);
if (!blk2) {
ret = 2;
goto out2;
}
bs1 = blk_bs(blk1);
bs2 = blk_bs(blk2);
buf1 = blk_blockalign(blk1, IO_BUF_SIZE);
buf2 = blk_blockalign(blk2, IO_BUF_SIZE);
total_size1 = blk_getlength(blk1);
if (total_size1 < 0) {
error_report("Can't get size of %s: %s",
filename1, strerror(-total_size1));
ret = 4;
goto out;
}
total_size2 = blk_getlength(blk2);
if (total_size2 < 0) {
error_report("Can't get size of %s: %s",
filename2, strerror(-total_size2));
ret = 4;
goto out;
}
total_size = MIN(total_size1, total_size2);
progress_base = MAX(total_size1, total_size2);
qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
if (strict && total_size1 != total_size2) {
ret = 1;
qprintf(quiet, "Strict mode: Image size mismatch!\n");
goto out;
}
while (offset < total_size) {
int status1, status2;
status1 = bdrv_block_status_above(bs1, NULL, offset,
total_size1 - offset, &pnum1, NULL,
NULL);
if (status1 < 0) {
ret = 3;
error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s", filename1);
goto out;
}
allocated1 = status1 & BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED;
status2 = bdrv_block_status_above(bs2, NULL, offset,
total_size2 - offset, &pnum2, NULL,
NULL);
if (status2 < 0) {
ret = 3;
error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s", filename2);
goto out;
}
allocated2 = status2 & BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED;
assert(pnum1 && pnum2);
chunk = MIN(pnum1, pnum2);
if (strict) {
if (status1 != status2) {
ret = 1;
qprintf(quiet, "Strict mode: Offset %" PRId64
" block status mismatch!\n", offset);
goto out;
}
}
if ((status1 & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) && (status2 & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO)) {
/* nothing to do */
} else if (allocated1 == allocated2) {
if (allocated1) {
int64_t pnum;
chunk = MIN(chunk, IO_BUF_SIZE);
ret = blk_pread(blk1, offset, buf1, chunk);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
" of %s: %s",
offset, filename1, strerror(-ret));
ret = 4;
goto out;
}
ret = blk_pread(blk2, offset, buf2, chunk);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
" of %s: %s",
offset, filename2, strerror(-ret));
ret = 4;
goto out;
}
ret = compare_buffers(buf1, buf2, chunk, &pnum);
if (ret || pnum != chunk) {
qprintf(quiet, "Content mismatch at offset %" PRId64 "!\n",
offset + (ret ? 0 : pnum));
ret = 1;
goto out;
}
}
} else {
chunk = MIN(chunk, IO_BUF_SIZE);
if (allocated1) {
ret = check_empty_sectors(blk1, offset, chunk,
filename1, buf1, quiet);
} else {
ret = check_empty_sectors(blk2, offset, chunk,
filename2, buf1, quiet);
}
if (ret) {
goto out;
}
}
offset += chunk;
qemu_progress_print(((float) chunk / progress_base) * 100, 100);
}
if (total_size1 != total_size2) {
BlockBackend *blk_over;
const char *filename_over;
qprintf(quiet, "Warning: Image size mismatch!\n");
if (total_size1 > total_size2) {
blk_over = blk1;
filename_over = filename1;
} else {
blk_over = blk2;
filename_over = filename2;
}
while (offset < progress_base) {
ret = bdrv_block_status_above(blk_bs(blk_over), NULL, offset,
progress_base - offset, &chunk,
NULL, NULL);
if (ret < 0) {
ret = 3;
error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s",
filename_over);
goto out;
}
if (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED && !(ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO)) {
chunk = MIN(chunk, IO_BUF_SIZE);
ret = check_empty_sectors(blk_over, offset, chunk,
filename_over, buf1, quiet);
if (ret) {
goto out;
}
}
offset += chunk;
qemu_progress_print(((float) chunk / progress_base) * 100, 100);
}
}
qprintf(quiet, "Images are identical.\n");
ret = 0;
out:
qemu_vfree(buf1);
qemu_vfree(buf2);
blk_unref(blk2);
out2:
blk_unref(blk1);
out3:
qemu_progress_end();
out4:
return ret;
}
/* Convenience wrapper around qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_merge */
static void do_dirty_bitmap_merge(const char *dst_node, const char *dst_name,
const char *src_node, const char *src_name,
Error **errp)
{
BlockDirtyBitmapMergeSource *merge_src;
BlockDirtyBitmapMergeSourceList *list;
merge_src = g_new0(BlockDirtyBitmapMergeSource, 1);
merge_src->type = QTYPE_QDICT;
merge_src->u.external.node = g_strdup(src_node);
merge_src->u.external.name = g_strdup(src_name);
list = g_new0(BlockDirtyBitmapMergeSourceList, 1);
list->value = merge_src;
qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_merge(dst_node, dst_name, list, errp);
qapi_free_BlockDirtyBitmapMergeSourceList(list);
}
enum ImgConvertBlockStatus {
BLK_DATA,
BLK_ZERO,
BLK_BACKING_FILE,
};
#define MAX_COROUTINES 16
typedef struct ImgConvertState {
BlockBackend **src;
int64_t *src_sectors;
int src_num;
int64_t total_sectors;
int64_t allocated_sectors;
int64_t allocated_done;
int64_t sector_num;
int64_t wr_offs;
enum ImgConvertBlockStatus status;
int64_t sector_next_status;
BlockBackend *target;
bool has_zero_init;
bool compressed;
bool target_is_new;
bool target_has_backing;
int64_t target_backing_sectors; /* negative if unknown */
bool wr_in_order;
bool copy_range;
bool salvage;
bool quiet;
int min_sparse;
int alignment;
size_t cluster_sectors;
size_t buf_sectors;
long num_coroutines;
int running_coroutines;
Coroutine *co[MAX_COROUTINES];
int64_t wait_sector_num[MAX_COROUTINES];
CoMutex lock;
int ret;
} ImgConvertState;
static void convert_select_part(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num,
int *src_cur, int64_t *src_cur_offset)
{
*src_cur = 0;
*src_cur_offset = 0;
while (sector_num - *src_cur_offset >= s->src_sectors[*src_cur]) {
*src_cur_offset += s->src_sectors[*src_cur];
(*src_cur)++;
assert(*src_cur < s->src_num);
}
}
static int convert_iteration_sectors(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num)
{
int64_t src_cur_offset;
int ret, n, src_cur;
bool post_backing_zero = false;
convert_select_part(s, sector_num, &src_cur, &src_cur_offset);
assert(s->total_sectors > sector_num);
n = MIN(s->total_sectors - sector_num, BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_SECTORS);
if (s->target_backing_sectors >= 0) {
if (sector_num >= s->target_backing_sectors) {
post_backing_zero = true;
} else if (sector_num + n > s->target_backing_sectors) {
/* Split requests around target_backing_sectors (because
* starting from there, zeros are handled differently) */
n = s->target_backing_sectors - sector_num;
}
}
if (s->sector_next_status <= sector_num) {
uint64_t offset = (sector_num - src_cur_offset) * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
int64_t count;
do {
count = n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
if (s->target_has_backing) {
ret = bdrv_block_status(blk_bs(s->src[src_cur]), offset,
count, &count, NULL, NULL);
} else {
ret = bdrv_block_status_above(blk_bs(s->src[src_cur]), NULL,
offset, count, &count, NULL,
NULL);
}
if (ret < 0) {
if (s->salvage) {
if (n == 1) {
if (!s->quiet) {
warn_report("error while reading block status at "
"offset %" PRIu64 ": %s", offset,
strerror(-ret));
}
/* Just try to read the data, then */
ret = BDRV_BLOCK_DATA;
count = BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
} else {
/* Retry on a shorter range */
n = DIV_ROUND_UP(n, 4);
}
} else {
error_report("error while reading block status at offset "
"%" PRIu64 ": %s", offset, strerror(-ret));
return ret;
}
}
} while (ret < 0);
n = DIV_ROUND_UP(count, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
if (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) {
s->status = post_backing_zero ? BLK_BACKING_FILE : BLK_ZERO;
} else if (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_DATA) {
s->status = BLK_DATA;
} else {
s->status = s->target_has_backing ? BLK_BACKING_FILE : BLK_DATA;
}
s->sector_next_status = sector_num + n;
}
n = MIN(n, s->sector_next_status - sector_num);
if (s->status == BLK_DATA) {
n = MIN(n, s->buf_sectors);
}
/* We need to write complete clusters for compressed images, so if an
* unallocated area is shorter than that, we must consider the whole
* cluster allocated. */
if (s->compressed) {
if (n < s->cluster_sectors) {
n = MIN(s->cluster_sectors, s->total_sectors - sector_num);
s->status = BLK_DATA;
} else {
n = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(n, s->cluster_sectors);
}
}
return n;
}
static int coroutine_fn convert_co_read(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num,
int nb_sectors, uint8_t *buf)
{
uint64_t single_read_until = 0;
int n, ret;
assert(nb_sectors <= s->buf_sectors);
while (nb_sectors > 0) {
BlockBackend *blk;
int src_cur;
int64_t bs_sectors, src_cur_offset;
uint64_t offset;
/* In the case of compression with multiple source files, we can get a
* nb_sectors that spreads into the next part. So we must be able to
* read across multiple BDSes for one convert_read() call. */
convert_select_part(s, sector_num, &src_cur, &src_cur_offset);
blk = s->src[src_cur];
bs_sectors = s->src_sectors[src_cur];
offset = (sector_num - src_cur_offset) << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
n = MIN(nb_sectors, bs_sectors - (sector_num - src_cur_offset));
if (single_read_until > offset) {
n = 1;
}
ret = blk_co_pread(blk, offset, n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, buf, 0);
if (ret < 0) {
if (s->salvage) {
if (n > 1) {
single_read_until = offset + (n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
continue;
} else {
if (!s->quiet) {
warn_report("error while reading offset %" PRIu64
": %s", offset, strerror(-ret));
}
memset(buf, 0, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
}
} else {
return ret;
}
}
sector_num += n;
nb_sectors -= n;
buf += n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
}
return 0;
}
static int coroutine_fn convert_co_write(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num,
int nb_sectors, uint8_t *buf,
enum ImgConvertBlockStatus status)
{
int ret;
while (nb_sectors > 0) {
int n = nb_sectors;
BdrvRequestFlags flags = s->compressed ? BDRV_REQ_WRITE_COMPRESSED : 0;
switch (status) {
case BLK_BACKING_FILE:
/* If we have a backing file, leave clusters unallocated that are
* unallocated in the source image, so that the backing file is
* visible at the respective offset. */
assert(s->target_has_backing);
break;
case BLK_DATA:
/* If we're told to keep the target fully allocated (-S 0) or there
* is real non-zero data, we must write it. Otherwise we can treat
* it as zero sectors.
* Compressed clusters need to be written as a whole, so in that
* case we can only save the write if the buffer is completely
* zeroed. */
if (!s->min_sparse ||
(!s->compressed &&
is_allocated_sectors_min(buf, n, &n, s->min_sparse,
sector_num, s->alignment)) ||
(s->compressed &&
!buffer_is_zero(buf, n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE)))
{
ret = blk_co_pwrite(s->target, sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, buf, flags);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
break;
}
/* fall-through */
case BLK_ZERO:
if (s->has_zero_init) {
assert(!s->target_has_backing);
break;
}
ret = blk_co_pwrite_zeroes(s->target,
sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
break;
}
sector_num += n;
nb_sectors -= n;
buf += n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
}
return 0;
}
static int coroutine_fn convert_co_copy_range(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num,
int nb_sectors)
{
int n, ret;
while (nb_sectors > 0) {
BlockBackend *blk;
int src_cur;
int64_t bs_sectors, src_cur_offset;
int64_t offset;
convert_select_part(s, sector_num, &src_cur, &src_cur_offset);
offset = (sector_num - src_cur_offset) << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
blk = s->src[src_cur];
bs_sectors = s->src_sectors[src_cur];
n = MIN(nb_sectors, bs_sectors - (sector_num - src_cur_offset));
ret = blk_co_copy_range(blk, offset, s->target,
sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, 0, 0);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
sector_num += n;
nb_sectors -= n;
}
return 0;
}
static void coroutine_fn convert_co_do_copy(void *opaque)
{
ImgConvertState *s = opaque;
uint8_t *buf = NULL;
int ret, i;
int index = -1;
for (i = 0; i < s->num_coroutines; i++) {
if (s->co[i] == qemu_coroutine_self()) {
index = i;
break;
}
}
assert(index >= 0);
s->running_coroutines++;
buf = blk_blockalign(s->target, s->buf_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
while (1) {
int n;
int64_t sector_num;
enum ImgConvertBlockStatus status;
bool copy_range;
qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
if (s->ret != -EINPROGRESS || s->sector_num >= s->total_sectors) {
qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
break;
}
n = convert_iteration_sectors(s, s->sector_num);
if (n < 0) {
qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
s->ret = n;
break;
}
/* save current sector and allocation status to local variables */
sector_num = s->sector_num;
status = s->status;
if (!s->min_sparse && s->status == BLK_ZERO) {
n = MIN(n, s->buf_sectors);
}
/* increment global sector counter so that other coroutines can
* already continue reading beyond this request */
s->sector_num += n;
qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
if (status == BLK_DATA || (!s->min_sparse && status == BLK_ZERO)) {
s->allocated_done += n;
qemu_progress_print(100.0 * s->allocated_done /
s->allocated_sectors, 0);
}
retry:
copy_range = s->copy_range && s->status == BLK_DATA;
if (status == BLK_DATA && !copy_range) {
ret = convert_co_read(s, sector_num, n, buf);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("error while reading at byte %lld: %s",
sector_num * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, strerror(-ret));
s->ret = ret;
}
} else if (!s->min_sparse && status == BLK_ZERO) {
status = BLK_DATA;
memset(buf, 0x00, n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
}
if (s->wr_in_order) {
/* keep writes in order */
while (s->wr_offs != sector_num && s->ret == -EINPROGRESS) {
s->wait_sector_num[index] = sector_num;
qemu_coroutine_yield();
}
s->wait_sector_num[index] = -1;
}
if (s->ret == -EINPROGRESS) {
if (copy_range) {
ret = convert_co_copy_range(s, sector_num, n);
if (ret) {
s->copy_range = false;
goto retry;
}
} else {
ret = convert_co_write(s, sector_num, n, buf, status);
}
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("error while writing at byte %lld: %s",
sector_num * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, strerror(-ret));
s->ret = ret;
}
}
if (s->wr_in_order) {
/* reenter the coroutine that might have waited
* for this write to complete */
s->wr_offs = sector_num + n;
for (i = 0; i < s->num_coroutines; i++) {
if (s->co[i] && s->wait_sector_num[i] == s->wr_offs) {
/*
* A -> B -> A cannot occur because A has
* s->wait_sector_num[i] == -1 during A -> B. Therefore
* B will never enter A during this time window.
*/
qemu_coroutine_enter(s->co[i]);
break;
}
}
}
}
qemu_vfree(buf);
s->co[index] = NULL;
s->running_coroutines--;
if (!s->running_coroutines && s->ret == -EINPROGRESS) {
/* the convert job finished successfully */
s->ret = 0;
}
}
static int convert_do_copy(ImgConvertState *s)
{
int ret, i, n;
int64_t sector_num = 0;
/* Check whether we have zero initialisation or can get it efficiently */
if (!s->has_zero_init && s->target_is_new && s->min_sparse &&
!s->target_has_backing) {
s->has_zero_init = bdrv_has_zero_init(blk_bs(s->target));
}
/* Allocate buffer for copied data. For compressed images, only one cluster
* can be copied at a time. */
if (s->compressed) {
if (s->cluster_sectors <= 0 || s->cluster_sectors > s->buf_sectors) {
error_report("invalid cluster size");
return -EINVAL;
}
s->buf_sectors = s->cluster_sectors;
}
while (sector_num < s->total_sectors) {
n = convert_iteration_sectors(s, sector_num);
if (n < 0) {
return n;
}
if (s->status == BLK_DATA || (!s->min_sparse && s->status == BLK_ZERO))
{
s->allocated_sectors += n;
}
sector_num += n;
}
/* Do the copy */
s->sector_next_status = 0;
s->ret = -EINPROGRESS;
qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->lock);
for (i = 0; i < s->num_coroutines; i++) {
s->co[i] = qemu_coroutine_create(convert_co_do_copy, s);
s->wait_sector_num[i] = -1;
qemu_coroutine_enter(s->co[i]);
}
while (s->running_coroutines) {
main_loop_wait(false);
}
if (s->compressed && !s->ret) {
/* signal EOF to align */
ret = blk_pwrite_compressed(s->target, 0, NULL, 0);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
}
return s->ret;
}
static int convert_copy_bitmaps(BlockDriverState *src, BlockDriverState *dst)
{
BdrvDirtyBitmap *bm;
Error *err = NULL;
FOR_EACH_DIRTY_BITMAP(src, bm) {
const char *name;
if (!bdrv_dirty_bitmap_get_persistence(bm)) {
continue;
}
name = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_name(bm);
qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_add(dst->node_name, name,
true, bdrv_dirty_bitmap_granularity(bm),
true, true,
true, !bdrv_dirty_bitmap_enabled(bm),
&err);
if (err) {
error_reportf_err(err, "Failed to create bitmap %s: ", name);
return -1;
}
do_dirty_bitmap_merge(dst->node_name, name, src->node_name, name,
&err);
if (err) {
error_reportf_err(err, "Failed to populate bitmap %s: ", name);
return -1;
}
}
return 0;
}
#define MAX_BUF_SECTORS 32768
static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c, bs_i, flags, src_flags = 0;
const char *fmt = NULL, *out_fmt = NULL, *cache = "unsafe",
*src_cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE, *out_baseimg = NULL,
*out_filename, *out_baseimg_param, *snapshot_name = NULL;
BlockDriver *drv = NULL, *proto_drv = NULL;
BlockDriverInfo bdi;
BlockDriverState *out_bs;
QemuOpts *opts = NULL, *sn_opts = NULL;
QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
QDict *open_opts = NULL;
char *options = NULL;
Error *local_err = NULL;
bool writethrough, src_writethrough, image_opts = false,
skip_create = false, progress = false, tgt_image_opts = false;
int64_t ret = -EINVAL;
bool force_share = false;
bool explict_min_sparse = false;
bool bitmaps = false;
ImgConvertState s = (ImgConvertState) {
/* Need at least 4k of zeros for sparse detection */
.min_sparse = 8,
.copy_range = false,
.buf_sectors = IO_BUF_SIZE / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
.wr_in_order = true,
.num_coroutines = 8,
};
for(;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
{"target-image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_TARGET_IMAGE_OPTS},
{"salvage", no_argument, 0, OPTION_SALVAGE},
{"target-is-zero", no_argument, 0, OPTION_TARGET_IS_ZERO},
{"bitmaps", no_argument, 0, OPTION_BITMAPS},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":hf:O:B:Cco:l:S:pt:T:qnm:WU",
long_options, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case ':':
missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case '?':
unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'O':
out_fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'B':
out_baseimg = optarg;
break;
case 'C':
s.copy_range = true;
break;
case 'c':
s.compressed = true;
break;
case 'o':
if (accumulate_options(&options, optarg) < 0) {
goto fail_getopt;
}
break;
case 'l':
if (strstart(optarg, SNAPSHOT_OPT_BASE, NULL)) {
sn_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&internal_snapshot_opts,
optarg, false);
if (!sn_opts) {
error_report("Failed in parsing snapshot param '%s'",
optarg);
goto fail_getopt;
}
} else {
snapshot_name = optarg;
}
break;
case 'S':
{
int64_t sval;
sval = cvtnum("buffer size for sparse output", optarg);
if (sval < 0) {
goto fail_getopt;
} else if (!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(sval, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) ||
sval / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE > MAX_BUF_SECTORS) {
error_report("Invalid buffer size for sparse output specified. "
"Valid sizes are multiples of %llu up to %llu. Select "
"0 to disable sparse detection (fully allocates output).",
BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, MAX_BUF_SECTORS * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
goto fail_getopt;
}
s.min_sparse = sval / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
explict_min_sparse = true;
break;
}
case 'p':
progress = true;
break;
case 't':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'T':
src_cache = optarg;
break;
case 'q':
s.quiet = true;
break;
case 'n':
skip_create = true;
break;
case 'm':
if (qemu_strtol(optarg, NULL, 0, &s.num_coroutines) ||
s.num_coroutines < 1 || s.num_coroutines > MAX_COROUTINES) {
error_report("Invalid number of coroutines. Allowed number of"
" coroutines is between 1 and %d", MAX_COROUTINES);
goto fail_getopt;
}
break;
case 'W':
s.wr_in_order = false;
break;
case 'U':
force_share = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *object_opts;
object_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!object_opts) {
goto fail_getopt;
}
break;
}
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
case OPTION_SALVAGE:
s.salvage = true;
break;
case OPTION_TARGET_IMAGE_OPTS:
tgt_image_opts = true;
break;
case OPTION_TARGET_IS_ZERO:
/*
* The user asserting that the target is blank has the
* same effect as the target driver supporting zero
* initialisation.
*/
s.has_zero_init = true;
break;
case OPTION_BITMAPS:
bitmaps = true;
break;
}
}
if (!out_fmt && !tgt_image_opts) {
out_fmt = "raw";
}
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
goto fail_getopt;
}
if (s.compressed && s.copy_range) {
error_report("Cannot enable copy offloading when -c is used");
goto fail_getopt;
}
if (explict_min_sparse && s.copy_range) {
error_report("Cannot enable copy offloading when -S is used");
goto fail_getopt;
}
if (s.copy_range && s.salvage) {
error_report("Cannot use copy offloading in salvaging mode");
goto fail_getopt;
}
if (tgt_image_opts && !skip_create) {
error_report("--target-image-opts requires use of -n flag");
goto fail_getopt;
}
if (skip_create && options) {
error_report("-o has no effect when skipping image creation");
goto fail_getopt;
}
if (s.has_zero_init && !skip_create) {
error_report("--target-is-zero requires use of -n flag");
goto fail_getopt;
}
s.src_num = argc - optind - 1;
out_filename = s.src_num >= 1 ? argv[argc - 1] : NULL;
if (options && has_help_option(options)) {
if (out_fmt) {
ret = print_block_option_help(out_filename, out_fmt);
goto fail_getopt;
} else {
error_report("Option help requires a format be specified");
goto fail_getopt;
}
}
if (s.src_num < 1) {
error_report("Must specify image file name");
goto fail_getopt;
}
/* ret is still -EINVAL until here */
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(src_cache, &src_flags, &src_writethrough);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", src_cache);
goto fail_getopt;
}
/* Initialize before goto out */
if (s.quiet) {
progress = false;
}
qemu_progress_init(progress, 1.0);
qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
s.src = g_new0(BlockBackend *, s.src_num);
s.src_sectors = g_new(int64_t, s.src_num);
for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < s.src_num; bs_i++) {
s.src[bs_i] = img_open(image_opts, argv[optind + bs_i],
fmt, src_flags, src_writethrough, s.quiet,
force_share);
if (!s.src[bs_i]) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
s.src_sectors[bs_i] = blk_nb_sectors(s.src[bs_i]);
if (s.src_sectors[bs_i] < 0) {
error_report("Could not get size of %s: %s",
argv[optind + bs_i], strerror(-s.src_sectors[bs_i]));
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
s.total_sectors += s.src_sectors[bs_i];
}
if (sn_opts) {
bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp(blk_bs(s.src[0]),
qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_ID),
qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_NAME),
&local_err);
} else if (snapshot_name != NULL) {
if (s.src_num > 1) {
error_report("No support for concatenating multiple snapshot");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp_by_id_or_name(blk_bs(s.src[0]), snapshot_name,
&local_err);
}
if (local_err) {
error_reportf_err(local_err, "Failed to load snapshot: ");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (!skip_create) {
/* Find driver and parse its options */
drv = bdrv_find_format(out_fmt);
if (!drv) {
error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", out_fmt);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(out_filename, true, &local_err);
if (!proto_drv) {
error_report_err(local_err);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (!drv->create_opts) {
error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation",
drv->format_name);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (!proto_drv->create_opts) {
error_report("Protocol driver '%s' does not support image creation",
proto_drv->format_name);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, drv->create_opts);
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, proto_drv->create_opts);
opts = qemu_opts_create(create_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
if (options) {
if (!qemu_opts_do_parse(opts, options, NULL, &local_err)) {
error_report_err(local_err);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
qemu_opt_set_number(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, s.total_sectors * 512,
&error_abort);
ret = add_old_style_options(out_fmt, opts, out_baseimg, NULL);
if (ret < 0) {
goto out;
}
}
/* Get backing file name if -o backing_file was used */
out_baseimg_param = qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE);
if (out_baseimg_param) {
out_baseimg = out_baseimg_param;
}
s.target_has_backing = (bool) out_baseimg;
if (s.has_zero_init && s.target_has_backing) {
error_report("Cannot use --target-is-zero when the destination "
"image has a backing file");
goto out;
}
if (s.src_num > 1 && out_baseimg) {
error_report("Having a backing file for the target makes no sense when "
"concatenating multiple input images");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (out_baseimg_param) {
if (!qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT)) {
warn_report("Deprecated use of backing file without explicit "
"backing format");
}
}
/* Check if compression is supported */
if (s.compressed) {
bool encryption =
qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT, false);
const char *encryptfmt =
qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT_FORMAT);
const char *preallocation =
qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC);
if (drv && !block_driver_can_compress(drv)) {
error_report("Compression not supported for this file format");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (encryption || encryptfmt) {
error_report("Compression and encryption not supported at "
"the same time");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (preallocation
&& strcmp(preallocation, "off"))
{
error_report("Compression and preallocation not supported at "
"the same time");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
/* Determine if bitmaps need copying */
if (bitmaps) {
if (s.src_num > 1) {
error_report("Copying bitmaps only possible with single source");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (!bdrv_supports_persistent_dirty_bitmap(blk_bs(s.src[0]))) {
error_report("Source lacks bitmap support");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
/*
* The later open call will need any decryption secrets, and
* bdrv_create() will purge "opts", so extract them now before
* they are lost.
*/
if (!skip_create) {
open_opts = qdict_new();
qemu_opt_foreach(opts, img_add_key_secrets, open_opts, &error_abort);
/* Create the new image */
ret = bdrv_create(drv, out_filename, opts, &local_err);
if (ret < 0) {
error_reportf_err(local_err, "%s: error while converting %s: ",
out_filename, out_fmt);
goto out;
}
}
s.target_is_new = !skip_create;
flags = s.min_sparse ? (BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_UNMAP) : BDRV_O_RDWR;
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
goto out;
}
if (skip_create) {
s.target = img_open(tgt_image_opts, out_filename, out_fmt,
flags, writethrough, s.quiet, false);
} else {
/* TODO ultimately we should allow --target-image-opts
* to be used even when -n is not given.
* That has to wait for bdrv_create to be improved
* to allow filenames in option syntax
*/
s.target = img_open_file(out_filename, open_opts, out_fmt,
flags, writethrough, s.quiet, false);
open_opts = NULL; /* blk_new_open will have freed it */
}
if (!s.target) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
out_bs = blk_bs(s.target);
if (bitmaps && !bdrv_supports_persistent_dirty_bitmap(out_bs)) {
error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support bitmaps",
out_bs->drv->format_name);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (s.compressed && !block_driver_can_compress(out_bs->drv)) {
error_report("Compression not supported for this file format");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
/* increase bufsectors from the default 4096 (2M) if opt_transfer
* or discard_alignment of the out_bs is greater. Limit to
* MAX_BUF_SECTORS as maximum which is currently 32768 (16MB). */
s.buf_sectors = MIN(MAX_BUF_SECTORS,
MAX(s.buf_sectors,
MAX(out_bs->bl.opt_transfer >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
out_bs->bl.pdiscard_alignment >>
BDRV_SECTOR_BITS)));
/* try to align the write requests to the destination to avoid unnecessary
* RMW cycles. */
s.alignment = MAX(pow2floor(s.min_sparse),
DIV_ROUND_UP(out_bs->bl.request_alignment,
BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE));
assert(is_power_of_2(s.alignment));
if (skip_create) {
int64_t output_sectors = blk_nb_sectors(s.target);
if (output_sectors < 0) {
error_report("unable to get output image length: %s",
strerror(-output_sectors));
ret = -1;
goto out;
} else if (output_sectors < s.total_sectors) {
error_report("output file is smaller than input file");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
if (s.target_has_backing && s.target_is_new) {
/* Errors are treated as "backing length unknown" (which means
* s.target_backing_sectors has to be negative, which it will
* be automatically). The backing file length is used only
* for optimizations, so such a case is not fatal. */
s.target_backing_sectors = bdrv_nb_sectors(out_bs->backing->bs);
} else {
s.target_backing_sectors = -1;
}
ret = bdrv_get_info(out_bs, &bdi);
if (ret < 0) {
if (s.compressed) {
error_report("could not get block driver info");
goto out;
}
} else {
s.compressed = s.compressed || bdi.needs_compressed_writes;
s.cluster_sectors = bdi.cluster_size / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
}
ret = convert_do_copy(&s);
/* Now copy the bitmaps */
if (bitmaps && ret == 0) {
ret = convert_copy_bitmaps(blk_bs(s.src[0]), out_bs);
}
out:
if (!ret) {
qemu_progress_print(100, 0);
}
qemu_progress_end();
qemu_opts_del(opts);
qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
qemu_opts_del(sn_opts);
qobject_unref(open_opts);
blk_unref(s.target);
if (s.src) {
for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < s.src_num; bs_i++) {
blk_unref(s.src[bs_i]);
}
g_free(s.src);
}
g_free(s.src_sectors);
fail_getopt:
g_free(options);
return !!ret;
}
static void dump_snapshots(BlockDriverState *bs)
{
QEMUSnapshotInfo *sn_tab, *sn;
int nb_sns, i;
nb_sns = bdrv_snapshot_list(bs, &sn_tab);
if (nb_sns <= 0)
return;
printf("Snapshot list:\n");
bdrv_snapshot_dump(NULL);
printf("\n");
for(i = 0; i < nb_sns; i++) {
sn = &sn_tab[i];
bdrv_snapshot_dump(sn);
printf("\n");
}
g_free(sn_tab);
}
static void dump_json_image_info_list(ImageInfoList *list)
{
QString *str;
QObject *obj;
Visitor *v = qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj);
visit_type_ImageInfoList(v, NULL, &list, &error_abort);
visit_complete(v, &obj);
str = qobject_to_json_pretty(obj);
assert(str != NULL);
printf("%s\n", qstring_get_str(str));
qobject_unref(obj);
visit_free(v);
qobject_unref(str);
}
static void dump_json_image_info(ImageInfo *info)
{
QString *str;
QObject *obj;
Visitor *v = qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj);
visit_type_ImageInfo(v, NULL, &info, &error_abort);
visit_complete(v, &obj);
str = qobject_to_json_pretty(obj);
assert(str != NULL);
printf("%s\n", qstring_get_str(str));
qobject_unref(obj);
visit_free(v);
qobject_unref(str);
}
static void dump_human_image_info_list(ImageInfoList *list)
{
ImageInfoList *elem;
bool delim = false;
for (elem = list; elem; elem = elem->next) {
if (delim) {
printf("\n");
}
delim = true;
bdrv_image_info_dump(elem->value);
}
}
static gboolean str_equal_func(gconstpointer a, gconstpointer b)
{
return strcmp(a, b) == 0;
}
/**
* Open an image file chain and return an ImageInfoList
*
* @filename: topmost image filename
* @fmt: topmost image format (may be NULL to autodetect)
* @chain: true - enumerate entire backing file chain
* false - only topmost image file
*
* Returns a list of ImageInfo objects or NULL if there was an error opening an
* image file. If there was an error a message will have been printed to
* stderr.
*/
static ImageInfoList *collect_image_info_list(bool image_opts,
const char *filename,
const char *fmt,
bool chain, bool force_share)
{
ImageInfoList *head = NULL;
ImageInfoList **last = &head;
GHashTable *filenames;
Error *err = NULL;
filenames = g_hash_table_new_full(g_str_hash, str_equal_func, NULL, NULL);
while (filename) {
BlockBackend *blk;
BlockDriverState *bs;
ImageInfo *info;
ImageInfoList *elem;
if (g_hash_table_lookup_extended(filenames, filename, NULL, NULL)) {
error_report("Backing file '%s' creates an infinite loop.",
filename);
goto err;
}
g_hash_table_insert(filenames, (gpointer)filename, NULL);
blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt,
BDRV_O_NO_BACKING | BDRV_O_NO_IO, false, false,
force_share);
if (!blk) {
goto err;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
bdrv_query_image_info(bs, &info, &err);
if (err) {
error_report_err(err);
blk_unref(blk);
goto err;
}
elem = g_new0(ImageInfoList, 1);
elem->value = info;
*last = elem;
last = &elem->next;
blk_unref(blk);
/* Clear parameters that only apply to the topmost image */
filename = fmt = NULL;
image_opts = false;
if (chain) {
if (info->has_full_backing_filename) {
filename = info->full_backing_filename;
} else if (info->has_backing_filename) {
error_report("Could not determine absolute backing filename,"
" but backing filename '%s' present",
info->backing_filename);
goto err;
}
if (info->has_backing_filename_format) {
fmt = info->backing_filename_format;
}
}
}
g_hash_table_destroy(filenames);
return head;
err:
qapi_free_ImageInfoList(head);
g_hash_table_destroy(filenames);
return NULL;
}
static int img_info(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c;
OutputFormat output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
bool chain = false;
const char *filename, *fmt, *output;
ImageInfoList *list;
bool image_opts = false;
bool force_share = false;
fmt = NULL;
output = NULL;
for(;;) {
int option_index = 0;
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"format", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
{"output", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT},
{"backing-chain", no_argument, 0, OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":f:hU",
long_options, &option_index);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case ':':
missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case '?':
unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'U':
force_share = true;
break;
case OPTION_OUTPUT:
output = optarg;
break;
case OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN:
chain = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
return 1;
}
} break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
if (output && !strcmp(output, "json")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
} else if (output && !strcmp(output, "human")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
} else if (output) {
error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
return 1;
}
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
return 1;
}
list = collect_image_info_list(image_opts, filename, fmt, chain,
force_share);
if (!list) {
return 1;
}
switch (output_format) {
case OFORMAT_HUMAN:
dump_human_image_info_list(list);
break;
case OFORMAT_JSON:
if (chain) {
dump_json_image_info_list(list);
} else {
dump_json_image_info(list->value);
}
break;
}
qapi_free_ImageInfoList(list);
return 0;
}
static int dump_map_entry(OutputFormat output_format, MapEntry *e,
MapEntry *next)
{
switch (output_format) {
case OFORMAT_HUMAN:
if (e->data && !e->has_offset) {
error_report("File contains external, encrypted or compressed clusters.");
return -1;
}
if (e->data && !e->zero) {
printf("%#-16"PRIx64"%#-16"PRIx64"%#-16"PRIx64"%s\n",
e->start, e->length,
e->has_offset ? e->offset : 0,
e->has_filename ? e->filename : "");
}
/* This format ignores the distinction between 0, ZERO and ZERO|DATA.
* Modify the flags here to allow more coalescing.
*/
if (next && (!next->data || next->zero)) {
next->data = false;
next->zero = true;
}
break;
case OFORMAT_JSON:
printf("{ \"start\": %"PRId64", \"length\": %"PRId64","
" \"depth\": %"PRId64", \"zero\": %s, \"data\": %s",
e->start, e->length, e->depth,
e->zero ? "true" : "false",
e->data ? "true" : "false");
if (e->has_offset) {
printf(", \"offset\": %"PRId64"", e->offset);
}
putchar('}');
if (next) {
puts(",");
}
break;
}
return 0;
}
static int get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
int64_t bytes, MapEntry *e)
{
int ret;
int depth;
BlockDriverState *file;
bool has_offset;
int64_t map;
char *filename = NULL;
/* As an optimization, we could cache the current range of unallocated
* clusters in each file of the chain, and avoid querying the same
* range repeatedly.
*/
depth = 0;
for (;;) {
ret = bdrv_block_status(bs, offset, bytes, &bytes, &map, &file);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
assert(bytes);
if (ret & (BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO|BDRV_BLOCK_DATA)) {
break;
}
bs = backing_bs(bs);
if (bs == NULL) {
ret = 0;
break;
}
depth++;
}
has_offset = !!(ret & BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID);
if (file && has_offset) {
bdrv_refresh_filename(file);
filename = file->filename;
}
*e = (MapEntry) {
.start = offset,
.length = bytes,
.data = !!(ret & BDRV_BLOCK_DATA),
.zero = !!(ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO),
.offset = map,
.has_offset = has_offset,
.depth = depth,
.has_filename = filename,
.filename = filename,
};
return 0;
}
static inline bool entry_mergeable(const MapEntry *curr, const MapEntry *next)
{
if (curr->length == 0) {
return false;
}
if (curr->zero != next->zero ||
curr->data != next->data ||
curr->depth != next->depth ||
curr->has_filename != next->has_filename ||
curr->has_offset != next->has_offset) {
return false;
}
if (curr->has_filename && strcmp(curr->filename, next->filename)) {
return false;
}
if (curr->has_offset && curr->offset + curr->length != next->offset) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
static int img_map(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c;
OutputFormat output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
BlockBackend *blk;
BlockDriverState *bs;
const char *filename, *fmt, *output;
int64_t length;
MapEntry curr = { .length = 0 }, next;
int ret = 0;
bool image_opts = false;
bool force_share = false;
int64_t start_offset = 0;
int64_t max_length = -1;
fmt = NULL;
output = NULL;
for (;;) {
int option_index = 0;
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"format", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
{"output", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
{"start-offset", required_argument, 0, 's'},
{"max-length", required_argument, 0, 'l'},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":f:s:l:hU",
long_options, &option_index);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch (c) {
case ':':
missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case '?':
unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'U':
force_share = true;
break;
case OPTION_OUTPUT:
output = optarg;
break;
case 's':
start_offset = cvtnum("start offset", optarg);
if (start_offset < 0) {
return 1;
}
break;
case 'l':
max_length = cvtnum("max length", optarg);
if (max_length < 0) {
return 1;
}
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
return 1;
}
} break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[optind];
if (output && !strcmp(output, "json")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
} else if (output && !strcmp(output, "human")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
} else if (output) {
error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
return 1;
}
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
return 1;
}
blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, 0, false, false, force_share);
if (!blk) {
return 1;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
if (output_format == OFORMAT_HUMAN) {
printf("%-16s%-16s%-16s%s\n", "Offset", "Length", "Mapped to", "File");
} else if (output_format == OFORMAT_JSON) {
putchar('[');
}
length = blk_getlength(blk);
if (length < 0) {
error_report("Failed to get size for '%s'", filename);
return 1;
}
if (max_length != -1) {
length = MIN(start_offset + max_length, length);
}
curr.start = start_offset;
while (curr.start + curr.length < length) {
int64_t offset = curr.start + curr.length;
int64_t n = length - offset;
ret = get_block_status(bs, offset, n, &next);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Could not read file metadata: %s", strerror(-ret));
goto out;
}
if (entry_mergeable(&curr, &next)) {
curr.length += next.length;
continue;
}
if (curr.length > 0) {
ret = dump_map_entry(output_format, &curr, &next);
if (ret < 0) {
goto out;
}
}
curr = next;
}
ret = dump_map_entry(output_format, &curr, NULL);
if (output_format == OFORMAT_JSON) {
puts("]");
}
out:
blk_unref(blk);
return ret < 0;
}
#define SNAPSHOT_LIST 1
#define SNAPSHOT_CREATE 2
#define SNAPSHOT_APPLY 3
#define SNAPSHOT_DELETE 4
static int img_snapshot(int argc, char **argv)
{
BlockBackend *blk;
BlockDriverState *bs;
QEMUSnapshotInfo sn;
char *filename, *snapshot_name = NULL;
int c, ret = 0, bdrv_oflags;
int action = 0;
qemu_timeval tv;
bool quiet = false;
Error *err = NULL;
bool image_opts = false;
bool force_share = false;
bdrv_oflags = BDRV_O_RDWR;
/* Parse commandline parameters */
for(;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":la:c:d:hqU",
long_options, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case ':':
missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case '?':
unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case 'h':
help();
return 0;
case 'l':
if (action) {
error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
return 0;
}
action = SNAPSHOT_LIST;
bdrv_oflags &= ~BDRV_O_RDWR; /* no need for RW */
break;
case 'a':
if (action) {
error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
return 0;
}
action = SNAPSHOT_APPLY;
snapshot_name = optarg;
break;
case 'c':
if (action) {
error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
return 0;
}
action = SNAPSHOT_CREATE;
snapshot_name = optarg;
break;
case 'd':
if (action) {
error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
return 0;
}
action = SNAPSHOT_DELETE;
snapshot_name = optarg;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case 'U':
force_share = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
return 1;
}
} break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
return 1;
}
/* Open the image */
blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, NULL, bdrv_oflags, false, quiet,
force_share);
if (!blk) {
return 1;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
/* Perform the requested action */
switch(action) {
case SNAPSHOT_LIST:
dump_snapshots(bs);
break;
case SNAPSHOT_CREATE:
memset(&sn, 0, sizeof(sn));
pstrcpy(sn.name, sizeof(sn.name), snapshot_name);
qemu_gettimeofday(&tv);
sn.date_sec = tv.tv_sec;
sn.date_nsec = tv.tv_usec * 1000;
ret = bdrv_snapshot_create(bs, &sn);
if (ret) {
error_report("Could not create snapshot '%s': %d (%s)",
snapshot_name, ret, strerror(-ret));
}
break;
case SNAPSHOT_APPLY:
ret = bdrv_snapshot_goto(bs, snapshot_name, &err);
if (ret) {
error_reportf_err(err, "Could not apply snapshot '%s': ",
snapshot_name);
}
break;
case SNAPSHOT_DELETE:
ret = bdrv_snapshot_find(bs, &sn, snapshot_name);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Could not delete snapshot '%s': snapshot not "
"found", snapshot_name);
ret = 1;
} else {
ret = bdrv_snapshot_delete(bs, sn.id_str, sn.name, &err);
if (ret < 0) {
error_reportf_err(err, "Could not delete snapshot '%s': ",
snapshot_name);
ret = 1;
}
}
break;
}
/* Cleanup */
blk_unref(blk);
if (ret) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static int img_rebase(int argc, char **argv)
{
BlockBackend *blk = NULL, *blk_old_backing = NULL, *blk_new_backing = NULL;
uint8_t *buf_old = NULL;
uint8_t *buf_new = NULL;
BlockDriverState *bs = NULL, *prefix_chain_bs = NULL;
char *filename;
const char *fmt, *cache, *src_cache, *out_basefmt, *out_baseimg;
int c, flags, src_flags, ret;
bool writethrough, src_writethrough;
int unsafe = 0;
bool force_share = false;
int progress = 0;
bool quiet = false;
Error *local_err = NULL;
bool image_opts = false;
/* Parse commandline parameters */
fmt = NULL;
cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
src_cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
out_baseimg = NULL;
out_basefmt = NULL;
for(;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":hf:F:b:upt:T:qU",
long_options, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case ':':
missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case '?':
unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case 'h':
help();
return 0;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'F':
out_basefmt = optarg;
break;
case 'b':
out_baseimg = optarg;
break;
case 'u':
unsafe = 1;
break;
case 'p':
progress = 1;
break;
case 't':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'T':
src_cache = optarg;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
return 1;
}
} break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
case 'U':
force_share = true;
break;
}
}
if (quiet) {
progress = 0;
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
if (!unsafe && !out_baseimg) {
error_exit("Must specify backing file (-b) or use unsafe mode (-u)");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
return 1;
}
qemu_progress_init(progress, 2.0);
qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
flags = BDRV_O_RDWR | (unsafe ? BDRV_O_NO_BACKING : 0);
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
goto out;
}
src_flags = 0;
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(src_cache, &src_flags, &src_writethrough);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", src_cache);
goto out;
}
/* The source files are opened read-only, don't care about WCE */
assert((src_flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) == 0);
(void) src_writethrough;
/*
* Open the images.
*
* Ignore the old backing file for unsafe rebase in case we want to correct
* the reference to a renamed or moved backing file.
*/
blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet,
false);
if (!blk) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
if (out_basefmt != NULL) {
if (bdrv_find_format(out_basefmt) == NULL) {
error_report("Invalid format name: '%s'", out_basefmt);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
/* For safe rebasing we need to compare old and new backing file */
if (!unsafe) {
QDict *options = NULL;
BlockDriverState *base_bs = backing_bs(bs);
if (base_bs) {
blk_old_backing = blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(),
BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ,
BLK_PERM_ALL);
ret = blk_insert_bs(blk_old_backing, base_bs,
&local_err);
if (ret < 0) {
error_reportf_err(local_err,
"Could not reuse old backing file '%s': ",
base_bs->filename);
goto out;
}
} else {
blk_old_backing = NULL;
}
if (out_baseimg[0]) {
const char *overlay_filename;
char *out_real_path;
options = qdict_new();
if (out_basefmt) {
qdict_put_str(options, "driver", out_basefmt);
}
if (force_share) {
qdict_put_bool(options, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE, true);
}
bdrv_refresh_filename(bs);
overlay_filename = bs->exact_filename[0] ? bs->exact_filename
: bs->filename;
out_real_path =
bdrv_get_full_backing_filename_from_filename(overlay_filename,
out_baseimg,
&local_err);
if (local_err) {
qobject_unref(options);
error_reportf_err(local_err,
"Could not resolve backing filename: ");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
/*
* Find out whether we rebase an image on top of a previous image
* in its chain.
*/
prefix_chain_bs = bdrv_find_backing_image(bs, out_real_path);
if (prefix_chain_bs) {
qobject_unref(options);
g_free(out_real_path);
blk_new_backing = blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(),
BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ,
BLK_PERM_ALL);
ret = blk_insert_bs(blk_new_backing, prefix_chain_bs,
&local_err);
if (ret < 0) {
error_reportf_err(local_err,
"Could not reuse backing file '%s': ",
out_baseimg);
goto out;
}
} else {
blk_new_backing = blk_new_open(out_real_path, NULL,
options, src_flags, &local_err);
g_free(out_real_path);
if (!blk_new_backing) {
error_reportf_err(local_err,
"Could not open new backing file '%s': ",
out_baseimg);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
}
}
/*
* Check each unallocated cluster in the COW file. If it is unallocated,
* accesses go to the backing file. We must therefore compare this cluster
* in the old and new backing file, and if they differ we need to copy it
* from the old backing file into the COW file.
*
* If qemu-img crashes during this step, no harm is done. The content of
* the image is the same as the original one at any time.
*/
if (!unsafe) {
int64_t size;
int64_t old_backing_size = 0;
int64_t new_backing_size = 0;
uint64_t offset;
int64_t n;
float local_progress = 0;
buf_old = blk_blockalign(blk, IO_BUF_SIZE);
buf_new = blk_blockalign(blk, IO_BUF_SIZE);
size = blk_getlength(blk);
if (size < 0) {
error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
filename, strerror(-size));
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (blk_old_backing) {
old_backing_size = blk_getlength(blk_old_backing);
if (old_backing_size < 0) {
char backing_name[PATH_MAX];
bdrv_get_backing_filename(bs, backing_name,
sizeof(backing_name));
error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
backing_name, strerror(-old_backing_size));
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
if (blk_new_backing) {
new_backing_size = blk_getlength(blk_new_backing);
if (new_backing_size < 0) {
error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
out_baseimg, strerror(-new_backing_size));
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
if (size != 0) {
local_progress = (float)100 / (size / MIN(size, IO_BUF_SIZE));
}
for (offset = 0; offset < size; offset += n) {
bool buf_old_is_zero = false;
/* How many bytes can we handle with the next read? */
n = MIN(IO_BUF_SIZE, size - offset);
/* If the cluster is allocated, we don't need to take action */
ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, offset, n, &n);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("error while reading image metadata: %s",
strerror(-ret));
goto out;
}
if (ret) {
continue;
}
if (prefix_chain_bs) {
/*
* If cluster wasn't changed since prefix_chain, we don't need
* to take action
*/
ret = bdrv_is_allocated_above(backing_bs(bs), prefix_chain_bs,
false, offset, n, &n);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("error while reading image metadata: %s",
strerror(-ret));
goto out;
}
if (!ret) {
continue;
}
}
/*
* Read old and new backing file and take into consideration that
* backing files may be smaller than the COW image.
*/
if (offset >= old_backing_size) {
memset(buf_old, 0, n);
buf_old_is_zero = true;
} else {
if (offset + n > old_backing_size) {
n = old_backing_size - offset;
}
ret = blk_pread(blk_old_backing, offset, buf_old, n);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("error while reading from old backing file");
goto out;
}
}
if (offset >= new_backing_size || !blk_new_backing) {
memset(buf_new, 0, n);
} else {
if (offset + n > new_backing_size) {
n = new_backing_size - offset;
}
ret = blk_pread(blk_new_backing, offset, buf_new, n);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("error while reading from new backing file");
goto out;
}
}
/* If they differ, we need to write to the COW file */
uint64_t written = 0;
while (written < n) {
int64_t pnum;
if (compare_buffers(buf_old + written, buf_new + written,
n - written, &pnum))
{
if (buf_old_is_zero) {
ret = blk_pwrite_zeroes(blk, offset + written, pnum, 0);
} else {
ret = blk_pwrite(blk, offset + written,
buf_old + written, pnum, 0);
}
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while writing to COW image: %s",
strerror(-ret));
goto out;
}
}
written += pnum;
}
qemu_progress_print(local_progress, 100);
}
}
/*
* Change the backing file. All clusters that are different from the old
* backing file are overwritten in the COW file now, so the visible content
* doesn't change when we switch the backing file.
*/
if (out_baseimg && *out_baseimg) {
ret = bdrv_change_backing_file(bs, out_baseimg, out_basefmt, true);
} else {
ret = bdrv_change_backing_file(bs, NULL, NULL, false);
}
if (ret == -ENOSPC) {
error_report("Could not change the backing file to '%s': No "
"space left in the file header", out_baseimg);
} else if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Could not change the backing file to '%s': %s",
out_baseimg, strerror(-ret));
}
qemu_progress_print(100, 0);
/*
* TODO At this point it is possible to check if any clusters that are
* allocated in the COW file are the same in the backing file. If so, they
* could be dropped from the COW file. Don't do this before switching the
* backing file, in case of a crash this would lead to corruption.
*/
out:
qemu_progress_end();
/* Cleanup */
if (!unsafe) {
blk_unref(blk_old_backing);
blk_unref(blk_new_backing);
}
qemu_vfree(buf_old);
qemu_vfree(buf_new);
blk_unref(blk);
if (ret) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static int img_resize(int argc, char **argv)
{
Error *err = NULL;
int c, ret, relative;
const char *filename, *fmt, *size;
int64_t n, total_size, current_size;
bool quiet = false;
BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
PreallocMode prealloc = PREALLOC_MODE_OFF;
QemuOpts *param;
static QemuOptsList resize_options = {
.name = "resize_options",
.head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(resize_options.head),
.desc = {
{
.name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
.type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
.help = "Virtual disk size"
}, {
/* end of list */
}
},
};
bool image_opts = false;
bool shrink = false;
/* Remove size from argv manually so that negative numbers are not treated
* as options by getopt. */
if (argc < 3) {
error_exit("Not enough arguments");
return 1;
}
size = argv[--argc];
/* Parse getopt arguments */
fmt = NULL;
for(;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{"preallocation", required_argument, 0, OPTION_PREALLOCATION},
{"shrink", no_argument, 0, OPTION_SHRINK},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":f:hq",
long_options, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case ':':
missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case '?':
unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
return 1;
}
} break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
case OPTION_PREALLOCATION:
prealloc = qapi_enum_parse(&PreallocMode_lookup, optarg,
PREALLOC_MODE__MAX, NULL);
if (prealloc == PREALLOC_MODE__MAX) {
error_report("Invalid preallocation mode '%s'", optarg);
return 1;
}
break;
case OPTION_SHRINK:
shrink = true;
break;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting image file name and size");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
return 1;
}
/* Choose grow, shrink, or absolute resize mode */
switch (size[0]) {
case '+':
relative = 1;
size++;
break;
case '-':
relative = -1;
size++;
break;
default:
relative = 0;
break;
}
/* Parse size */
param = qemu_opts_create(&resize_options, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
if (!qemu_opt_set(param, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, size, &err)) {
error_report_err(err);
ret = -1;
qemu_opts_del(param);
goto out;
}
n = qemu_opt_get_size(param, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0);
qemu_opts_del(param);
blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt,
BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_RESIZE, false, quiet,
false);
if (!blk) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
current_size = blk_getlength(blk);
if (current_size < 0) {
error_report("Failed to inquire current image length: %s",
strerror(-current_size));
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (relative) {
total_size = current_size + n * relative;
} else {
total_size = n;
}
if (total_size <= 0) {
error_report("New image size must be positive");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (total_size <= current_size && prealloc != PREALLOC_MODE_OFF) {
error_report("Preallocation can only be used for growing images");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (total_size < current_size && !shrink) {
warn_report("Shrinking an image will delete all data beyond the "
"shrunken image's end. Before performing such an "
"operation, make sure there is no important data there.");
if (g_strcmp0(bdrv_get_format_name(blk_bs(blk)), "raw") != 0) {
error_report(
"Use the --shrink option to perform a shrink operation.");
ret = -1;
goto out;
} else {
warn_report("Using the --shrink option will suppress this message. "
"Note that future versions of qemu-img may refuse to "
"shrink images without this option.");
}
}
/*
* The user expects the image to have the desired size after
* resizing, so pass @exact=true. It is of no use to report
* success when the image has not actually been resized.
*/
ret = blk_truncate(blk, total_size, true, prealloc, 0, &err);
if (!ret) {
qprintf(quiet, "Image resized.\n");
} else {
error_report_err(err);
}
out:
blk_unref(blk);
if (ret) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static void amend_status_cb(BlockDriverState *bs,
int64_t offset, int64_t total_work_size,
void *opaque)
{
qemu_progress_print(100.f * offset / total_work_size, 0);
}
static int print_amend_option_help(const char *format)
{
BlockDriver *drv;
/* Find driver and parse its options */
drv = bdrv_find_format(format);
if (!drv) {
error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", format);
return 1;
}
if (!drv->bdrv_amend_options) {
error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support option amendment",
format);
return 1;
}
/* Every driver supporting amendment must have amend_opts */
assert(drv->amend_opts);
printf("Amend options for '%s':\n", format);
qemu_opts_print_help(drv->amend_opts, false);
return 0;
}
static int img_amend(int argc, char **argv)
{
Error *err = NULL;
int c, ret = 0;
char *options = NULL;
QemuOptsList *amend_opts = NULL;
QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
const char *fmt = NULL, *filename, *cache;
int flags;
bool writethrough;
bool quiet = false, progress = false;
BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
bool image_opts = false;
bool force = false;
cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
for (;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{"force", no_argument, 0, OPTION_FORCE},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":ho:f:t:pq",
long_options, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch (c) {
case ':':
missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case '?':
unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'o':
if (accumulate_options(&options, optarg) < 0) {
ret = -1;
goto out_no_progress;
}
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 't':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'p':
progress = true;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT:
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
ret = -1;
goto out_no_progress;
}
break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
case OPTION_FORCE:
force = true;
break;
}
}
if (!options) {
error_exit("Must specify options (-o)");
}
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
ret = -1;
goto out_no_progress;
}
if (quiet) {
progress = false;
}
qemu_progress_init(progress, 1.0);
filename = (optind == argc - 1) ? argv[argc - 1] : NULL;
if (fmt && has_help_option(options)) {
/* If a format is explicitly specified (and possibly no filename is
* given), print option help here */
ret = print_amend_option_help(fmt);
goto out;
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_report("Expecting one image file name");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
flags = BDRV_O_RDWR;
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
goto out;
}
blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet,
false);
if (!blk) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
fmt = bs->drv->format_name;
if (has_help_option(options)) {
/* If the format was auto-detected, print option help here */
ret = print_amend_option_help(fmt);
goto out;
}
if (!bs->drv->bdrv_amend_options) {
error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support option amendment",
fmt);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
/* Every driver supporting amendment must have amend_opts */
assert(bs->drv->amend_opts);
amend_opts = qemu_opts_append(amend_opts, bs->drv->amend_opts);
opts = qemu_opts_create(amend_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
if (!qemu_opts_do_parse(opts, options, NULL, &err)) {
/* Try to parse options using the create options */
amend_opts = qemu_opts_append(amend_opts, bs->drv->create_opts);
qemu_opts_del(opts);
opts = qemu_opts_create(amend_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
if (qemu_opts_do_parse(opts, options, NULL, NULL)) {
error_append_hint(&err,
"This option is only supported for image creation\n");
}
error_report_err(err);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
/* In case the driver does not call amend_status_cb() */
qemu_progress_print(0.f, 0);
ret = bdrv_amend_options(bs, opts, &amend_status_cb, NULL, force, &err);
qemu_progress_print(100.f, 0);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report_err(err);
goto out;
}
out:
qemu_progress_end();
out_no_progress:
blk_unref(blk);
qemu_opts_del(opts);
qemu_opts_free(amend_opts);
g_free(options);
if (ret) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
typedef struct BenchData {
BlockBackend *blk;
uint64_t image_size;
bool write;
int bufsize;
int step;
int nrreq;
int n;
int flush_interval;
bool drain_on_flush;
uint8_t *buf;
QEMUIOVector *qiov;
int in_flight;
bool in_flush;
uint64_t offset;
} BenchData;
static void bench_undrained_flush_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
{
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Failed flush request: %s", strerror(-ret));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
static void bench_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
{
BenchData *b = opaque;
BlockAIOCB *acb;
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Failed request: %s", strerror(-ret));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
if (b->in_flush) {
/* Just finished a flush with drained queue: Start next requests */
assert(b->in_flight == 0);
b->in_flush = false;
} else if (b->in_flight > 0) {
int remaining = b->n - b->in_flight;
b->n--;
b->in_flight--;
/* Time for flush? Drain queue if requested, then flush */
if (b->flush_interval && remaining % b->flush_interval == 0) {
if (!b->in_flight || !b->drain_on_flush) {
BlockCompletionFunc *cb;
if (b->drain_on_flush) {
b->in_flush = true;
cb = bench_cb;
} else {
cb = bench_undrained_flush_cb;
}
acb = blk_aio_flush(b->blk, cb, b);
if (!acb) {
error_report("Failed to issue flush request");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
if (b->drain_on_flush) {
return;
}
}
}
while (b->n > b->in_flight && b->in_flight < b->nrreq) {
int64_t offset = b->offset;
/* blk_aio_* might look for completed I/Os and kick bench_cb
* again, so make sure this operation is counted by in_flight
* and b->offset is ready for the next submission.
*/
b->in_flight++;
b->offset += b->step;
b->offset %= b->image_size;
if (b->write) {
acb = blk_aio_pwritev(b->blk, offset, b->qiov, 0, bench_cb, b);
} else {
acb = blk_aio_preadv(b->blk, offset, b->qiov, 0, bench_cb, b);
}
if (!acb) {
error_report("Failed to issue request");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
}
static int img_bench(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c, ret = 0;
const char *fmt = NULL, *filename;
bool quiet = false;
bool image_opts = false;
bool is_write = false;
int count = 75000;
int depth = 64;
int64_t offset = 0;
size_t bufsize = 4096;
int pattern = 0;
size_t step = 0;
int flush_interval = 0;
bool drain_on_flush = true;
int64_t image_size;
BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
BenchData data = {};
int flags = 0;
bool writethrough = false;
struct timeval t1, t2;
int i;
bool force_share = false;
size_t buf_size;
for (;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"flush-interval", required_argument, 0, OPTION_FLUSH_INTERVAL},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{"pattern", required_argument, 0, OPTION_PATTERN},
{"no-drain", no_argument, 0, OPTION_NO_DRAIN},
{"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":hc:d:f:ni:o:qs:S:t:wU", long_options,
NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch (c) {
case ':':
missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case '?':
unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'c':
{
unsigned long res;
if (qemu_strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0, &res) < 0 || res > INT_MAX) {
error_report("Invalid request count specified");
return 1;
}
count = res;
break;
}
case 'd':
{
unsigned long res;
if (qemu_strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0, &res) < 0 || res > INT_MAX) {
error_report("Invalid queue depth specified");
return 1;
}
depth = res;
break;
}
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'n':
flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
break;
case 'i':
ret = bdrv_parse_aio(optarg, &flags);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid aio option: %s", optarg);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
break;
case 'o':
{
offset = cvtnum("offset", optarg);
if (offset < 0) {
return 1;
}
break;
}
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case 's':
{
int64_t sval;
sval = cvtnum_full("buffer size", optarg, 0, INT_MAX);
if (sval < 0) {
return 1;
}
bufsize = sval;
break;
}
case 'S':
{
int64_t sval;
sval = cvtnum_full("step_size", optarg, 0, INT_MAX);
if (sval < 0) {
return 1;
}
step = sval;
break;
}
case 't':
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg, &flags, &writethrough);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid cache mode");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
break;
case 'w':
flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
is_write = true;
break;
case 'U':
force_share = true;
break;
case OPTION_PATTERN:
{
unsigned long res;
if (qemu_strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0, &res) < 0 || res > 0xff) {
error_report("Invalid pattern byte specified");
return 1;
}
pattern = res;
break;
}
case OPTION_FLUSH_INTERVAL:
{
unsigned long res;
if (qemu_strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0, &res) < 0 || res > INT_MAX) {
error_report("Invalid flush interval specified");
return 1;
}
flush_interval = res;
break;
}
case OPTION_NO_DRAIN:
drain_on_flush = false;
break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[argc - 1];
if (!is_write && flush_interval) {
error_report("--flush-interval is only available in write tests");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (flush_interval && flush_interval < depth) {
error_report("Flush interval can't be smaller than depth");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet,
force_share);
if (!blk) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
image_size = blk_getlength(blk);
if (image_size < 0) {
ret = image_size;
goto out;
}
data = (BenchData) {
.blk = blk,
.image_size = image_size,
.bufsize = bufsize,
.step = step ?: bufsize,
.nrreq = depth,
.n = count,
.offset = offset,
.write = is_write,
.flush_interval = flush_interval,
.drain_on_flush = drain_on_flush,
};
printf("Sending %d %s requests, %d bytes each, %d in parallel "
"(starting at offset %" PRId64 ", step size %d)\n",
data.n, data.write ? "write" : "read", data.bufsize, data.nrreq,
data.offset, data.step);
if (flush_interval) {
printf("Sending flush every %d requests\n", flush_interval);
}
buf_size = data.nrreq * data.bufsize;
data.buf = blk_blockalign(blk, buf_size);
memset(data.buf, pattern, data.nrreq * data.bufsize);
blk_register_buf(blk, data.buf, buf_size);
data.qiov = g_new(QEMUIOVector, data.nrreq);
for (i = 0; i < data.nrreq; i++) {
qemu_iovec_init(&data.qiov[i], 1);
qemu_iovec_add(&data.qiov[i],
data.buf + i * data.bufsize, data.bufsize);
}
gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
bench_cb(&data, 0);
while (data.n > 0) {
main_loop_wait(false);
}
gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
printf("Run completed in %3.3f seconds.\n",
(t2.tv_sec - t1.tv_sec)
+ ((double)(t2.tv_usec - t1.tv_usec) / 1000000));
out:
if (data.buf) {
blk_unregister_buf(blk, data.buf);
}
qemu_vfree(data.buf);
blk_unref(blk);
if (ret) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
enum ImgBitmapAct {
BITMAP_ADD,
BITMAP_REMOVE,
BITMAP_CLEAR,
BITMAP_ENABLE,
BITMAP_DISABLE,
BITMAP_MERGE,
};
typedef struct ImgBitmapAction {
enum ImgBitmapAct act;
const char *src; /* only used for merge */
QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(ImgBitmapAction) next;
} ImgBitmapAction;
static int img_bitmap(int argc, char **argv)
{
Error *err = NULL;
int c, ret = 1;
QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
const char *fmt = NULL, *src_fmt = NULL, *src_filename = NULL;
const char *filename, *bitmap;
BlockBackend *blk = NULL, *src = NULL;
BlockDriverState *bs = NULL, *src_bs = NULL;
bool image_opts = false;
int64_t granularity = 0;
bool add = false, merge = false;
QSIMPLEQ_HEAD(, ImgBitmapAction) actions;
ImgBitmapAction *act, *act_next;
const char *op;
QSIMPLEQ_INIT(&actions);
for (;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{"add", no_argument, 0, OPTION_ADD},
{"remove", no_argument, 0, OPTION_REMOVE},
{"clear", no_argument, 0, OPTION_CLEAR},
{"enable", no_argument, 0, OPTION_ENABLE},
{"disable", no_argument, 0, OPTION_DISABLE},
{"merge", required_argument, 0, OPTION_MERGE},
{"granularity", required_argument, 0, 'g'},
{"source-file", required_argument, 0, 'b'},
{"source-format", required_argument, 0, 'F'},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":b:f:F:g:h", long_options, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch (c) {
case ':':
missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case '?':
unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'b':
src_filename = optarg;
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'F':
src_fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'g':
granularity = cvtnum("granularity", optarg);
if (granularity < 0) {
return 1;
}
break;
case OPTION_ADD:
act = g_new0(ImgBitmapAction, 1);
act->act = BITMAP_ADD;
QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&actions, act, next);
add = true;
break;
case OPTION_REMOVE:
act = g_new0(ImgBitmapAction, 1);
act->act = BITMAP_REMOVE;
QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&actions, act, next);
break;
case OPTION_CLEAR:
act = g_new0(ImgBitmapAction, 1);
act->act = BITMAP_CLEAR;
QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&actions, act, next);
break;
case OPTION_ENABLE:
act = g_new0(ImgBitmapAction, 1);
act->act = BITMAP_ENABLE;
QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&actions, act, next);
break;
case OPTION_DISABLE:
act = g_new0(ImgBitmapAction, 1);
act->act = BITMAP_DISABLE;
QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&actions, act, next);
break;
case OPTION_MERGE:
act = g_new0(ImgBitmapAction, 1);
act->act = BITMAP_MERGE;
act->src = optarg;
QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&actions, act, next);
merge = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT:
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts, optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
goto out;
}
break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
goto out;
}
if (QSIMPLEQ_EMPTY(&actions)) {
error_report("Need at least one of --add, --remove, --clear, "
"--enable, --disable, or --merge");
goto out;
}
if (granularity && !add) {
error_report("granularity only supported with --add");
goto out;
}
if (src_fmt && !src_filename) {
error_report("-F only supported with -b");
goto out;
}
if (src_filename && !merge) {
error_report("Merge bitmap source file only supported with "
"--merge");
goto out;
}
if (optind != argc - 2) {
error_report("Expecting filename and bitmap name");
goto out;
}
filename = argv[optind];
bitmap = argv[optind + 1];
blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, BDRV_O_RDWR, false, false,
false);
if (!blk) {
goto out;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
if (src_filename) {
src = img_open(false, src_filename, src_fmt, 0, false, false, false);
if (!src) {
goto out;
}
src_bs = blk_bs(src);
} else {
src_bs = bs;
}
QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH_SAFE(act, &actions, next, act_next) {
switch (act->act) {
case BITMAP_ADD:
qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_add(bs->node_name, bitmap,
!!granularity, granularity, true, true,
false, false, &err);
op = "add";
break;
case BITMAP_REMOVE:
qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_remove(bs->node_name, bitmap, &err);
op = "remove";
break;
case BITMAP_CLEAR:
qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_clear(bs->node_name, bitmap, &err);
op = "clear";
break;
case BITMAP_ENABLE:
qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_enable(bs->node_name, bitmap, &err);
op = "enable";
break;
case BITMAP_DISABLE:
qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_disable(bs->node_name, bitmap, &err);
op = "disable";
break;
case BITMAP_MERGE:
do_dirty_bitmap_merge(bs->node_name, bitmap, src_bs->node_name,
act->src, &err);
op = "merge";
break;
default:
g_assert_not_reached();
}
if (err) {
error_reportf_err(err, "Operation %s on bitmap %s failed: ",
op, bitmap);
goto out;
}
g_free(act);
}
ret = 0;
out:
blk_unref(src);
blk_unref(blk);
qemu_opts_del(opts);
return ret;
}
#define C_BS 01
#define C_COUNT 02
#define C_IF 04
#define C_OF 010
#define C_SKIP 020
struct DdInfo {
unsigned int flags;
int64_t count;
};
struct DdIo {
int bsz; /* Block size */
char *filename;
uint8_t *buf;
int64_t offset;
};
struct DdOpts {
const char *name;
int (*f)(const char *, struct DdIo *, struct DdIo *, struct DdInfo *);
unsigned int flag;
};
static int img_dd_bs(const char *arg,
struct DdIo *in, struct DdIo *out,
struct DdInfo *dd)
{
int64_t res;
res = cvtnum_full("bs", arg, 1, INT_MAX);
if (res < 0) {
return 1;
}
in->bsz = out->bsz = res;
return 0;
}
static int img_dd_count(const char *arg,
struct DdIo *in, struct DdIo *out,
struct DdInfo *dd)
{
dd->count = cvtnum("count", arg);
if (dd->count < 0) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static int img_dd_if(const char *arg,
struct DdIo *in, struct DdIo *out,
struct DdInfo *dd)
{
in->filename = g_strdup(arg);
return 0;
}
static int img_dd_of(const char *arg,
struct DdIo *in, struct DdIo *out,
struct DdInfo *dd)
{
out->filename = g_strdup(arg);
return 0;
}
static int img_dd_skip(const char *arg,
struct DdIo *in, struct DdIo *out,
struct DdInfo *dd)
{
in->offset = cvtnum("skip", arg);
if (in->offset < 0) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static int img_dd(int argc, char **argv)
{
int ret = 0;
char *arg = NULL;
char *tmp;
BlockDriver *drv = NULL, *proto_drv = NULL;
BlockBackend *blk1 = NULL, *blk2 = NULL;
QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
Error *local_err = NULL;
bool image_opts = false;
int c, i;
const char *out_fmt = "raw";
const char *fmt = NULL;
int64_t size = 0;
int64_t block_count = 0, out_pos, in_pos;
bool force_share = false;
struct DdInfo dd = {
.flags = 0,
.count = 0,
};
struct DdIo in = {
.bsz = 512, /* Block size is by default 512 bytes */
.filename = NULL,
.buf = NULL,
.offset = 0
};
struct DdIo out = {
.bsz = 512,
.filename = NULL,
.buf = NULL,
.offset = 0
};
const struct DdOpts options[] = {
{ "bs", img_dd_bs, C_BS },
{ "count", img_dd_count, C_COUNT },
{ "if", img_dd_if, C_IF },
{ "of", img_dd_of, C_OF },
{ "skip", img_dd_skip, C_SKIP },
{ NULL, NULL, 0 }
};
const struct option long_options[] = {
{ "help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{ "object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{ "image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{ "force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
{ 0, 0, 0, 0 }
};
while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":hf:O:U", long_options, NULL))) {
if (c == EOF) {
break;
}
switch (c) {
case 'O':
out_fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case ':':
missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case '?':
unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
break;
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'U':
force_share = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT:
if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts, optarg, true)) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
for (i = optind; i < argc; i++) {
int j;
arg = g_strdup(argv[i]);
tmp = strchr(arg, '=');
if (tmp == NULL) {
error_report("unrecognized operand %s", arg);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
*tmp++ = '\0';
for (j = 0; options[j].name != NULL; j++) {
if (!strcmp(arg, options[j].name)) {
break;
}
}
if (options[j].name == NULL) {
error_report("unrecognized operand %s", arg);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (options[j].f(tmp, &in, &out, &dd) != 0) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
dd.flags |= options[j].flag;
g_free(arg);
arg = NULL;
}
if (!(dd.flags & C_IF && dd.flags & C_OF)) {
error_report("Must specify both input and output files");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
blk1 = img_open(image_opts, in.filename, fmt, 0, false, false,
force_share);
if (!blk1) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
drv = bdrv_find_format(out_fmt);
if (!drv) {
error_report("Unknown file format");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(out.filename, true, &local_err);
if (!proto_drv) {
error_report_err(local_err);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (!drv->create_opts) {
error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation",
drv->format_name);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (!proto_drv->create_opts) {
error_report("Protocol driver '%s' does not support image creation",
proto_drv->format_name);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, drv->create_opts);
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, proto_drv->create_opts);
opts = qemu_opts_create(create_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
size = blk_getlength(blk1);
if (size < 0) {
error_report("Failed to get size for '%s'", in.filename);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (dd.flags & C_COUNT && dd.count <= INT64_MAX / in.bsz &&
dd.count * in.bsz < size) {
size = dd.count * in.bsz;
}
/* Overflow means the specified offset is beyond input image's size */
if (dd.flags & C_SKIP && (in.offset > INT64_MAX / in.bsz ||
size < in.bsz * in.offset)) {
qemu_opt_set_number(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0, &error_abort);
} else {
qemu_opt_set_number(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
size - in.bsz * in.offset, &error_abort);
}
ret = bdrv_create(drv, out.filename, opts, &local_err);
if (ret < 0) {
error_reportf_err(local_err,
"%s: error while creating output image: ",
out.filename);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
/* TODO, we can't honour --image-opts for the target,
* since it needs to be given in a format compatible
* with the bdrv_create() call above which does not
* support image-opts style.
*/
blk2 = img_open_file(out.filename, NULL, out_fmt, BDRV_O_RDWR,
false, false, false);
if (!blk2) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (dd.flags & C_SKIP && (in.offset > INT64_MAX / in.bsz ||
size < in.offset * in.bsz)) {
/* We give a warning if the skip option is bigger than the input
* size and create an empty output disk image (i.e. like dd(1)).
*/
error_report("%s: cannot skip to specified offset", in.filename);
in_pos = size;
} else {
in_pos = in.offset * in.bsz;
}
in.buf = g_new(uint8_t, in.bsz);
for (out_pos = 0; in_pos < size; block_count++) {
int in_ret, out_ret;
if (in_pos + in.bsz > size) {
in_ret = blk_pread(blk1, in_pos, in.buf, size - in_pos);
} else {
in_ret = blk_pread(blk1, in_pos, in.buf, in.bsz);
}
if (in_ret < 0) {
error_report("error while reading from input image file: %s",
strerror(-in_ret));
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
in_pos += in_ret;
out_ret = blk_pwrite(blk2, out_pos, in.buf, in_ret, 0);
if (out_ret < 0) {
error_report("error while writing to output image file: %s",
strerror(-out_ret));
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
out_pos += out_ret;
}
out:
g_free(arg);
qemu_opts_del(opts);
qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
blk_unref(blk1);
blk_unref(blk2);
g_free(in.filename);
g_free(out.filename);
g_free(in.buf);
g_free(out.buf);
if (ret) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static void dump_json_block_measure_info(BlockMeasureInfo *info)
{
QString *str;
QObject *obj;
Visitor *v = qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj);
visit_type_BlockMeasureInfo(v, NULL, &info, &error_abort);
visit_complete(v, &obj);
str = qobject_to_json_pretty(obj);
assert(str != NULL);
printf("%s\n", qstring_get_str(str));
qobject_unref(obj);
visit_free(v);
qobject_unref(str);
}
static int img_measure(int argc, char **argv)
{
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"output", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT},
{"size", required_argument, 0, OPTION_SIZE},
{"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
OutputFormat output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
BlockBackend *in_blk = NULL;
BlockDriver *drv;
const char *filename = NULL;
const char *fmt = NULL;
const char *out_fmt = "raw";
char *options = NULL;
char *snapshot_name = NULL;
bool force_share = false;
QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
QemuOpts *object_opts = NULL;
QemuOpts *sn_opts = NULL;
QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
bool image_opts = false;
uint64_t img_size = UINT64_MAX;
BlockMeasureInfo *info = NULL;
Error *local_err = NULL;
int ret = 1;
int c;
while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hf:O:o:l:U",
long_options, NULL)) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'O':
out_fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'o':
if (accumulate_options(&options, optarg) < 0) {
goto out;
}
break;
case 'l':
if (strstart(optarg, SNAPSHOT_OPT_BASE, NULL)) {
sn_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&internal_snapshot_opts,
optarg, false);
if (!sn_opts) {
error_report("Failed in parsing snapshot param '%s'",
optarg);
goto out;
}
} else {
snapshot_name = optarg;
}
break;
case 'U':
force_share = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT:
object_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!object_opts) {
goto out;
}
break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
case OPTION_OUTPUT:
if (!strcmp(optarg, "json")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
} else if (!strcmp(optarg, "human")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
} else {
error_report("--output must be used with human or json "
"as argument.");
goto out;
}
break;
case OPTION_SIZE:
{
int64_t sval;
sval = cvtnum("image size", optarg);
if (sval < 0) {
goto out;
}
img_size = (uint64_t)sval;
}
break;
}
}
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
goto out;
}
if (argc - optind > 1) {
error_report("At most one filename argument is allowed.");
goto out;
} else if (argc - optind == 1) {
filename = argv[optind];
}
if (!filename && (image_opts || fmt || snapshot_name || sn_opts)) {
error_report("--image-opts, -f, and -l require a filename argument.");
goto out;
}
if (filename && img_size != UINT64_MAX) {
error_report("--size N cannot be used together with a filename.");
goto out;
}
if (!filename && img_size == UINT64_MAX) {
error_report("Either --size N or one filename must be specified.");
goto out;
}
if (filename) {
in_blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, 0,
false, false, force_share);
if (!in_blk) {
goto out;
}
if (sn_opts) {
bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp(blk_bs(in_blk),
qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_ID),
qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_NAME),
&local_err);
} else if (snapshot_name != NULL) {
bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp_by_id_or_name(blk_bs(in_blk),
snapshot_name, &local_err);
}
if (local_err) {
error_reportf_err(local_err, "Failed to load snapshot: ");
goto out;
}
}
drv = bdrv_find_format(out_fmt);
if (!drv) {
error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", out_fmt);
goto out;
}
if (!drv->create_opts) {
error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation",
drv->format_name);
goto out;
}
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, drv->create_opts);
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, bdrv_file.create_opts);
opts = qemu_opts_create(create_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
if (options) {
if (!qemu_opts_do_parse(opts, options, NULL, &local_err)) {
error_report_err(local_err);
error_report("Invalid options for file format '%s'", out_fmt);
goto out;
}
}
if (img_size != UINT64_MAX) {
qemu_opt_set_number(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, img_size, &error_abort);
}
info = bdrv_measure(drv, opts, in_blk ? blk_bs(in_blk) : NULL, &local_err);
if (local_err) {
error_report_err(local_err);
goto out;
}
if (output_format == OFORMAT_HUMAN) {
printf("required size: %" PRIu64 "\n", info->required);
printf("fully allocated size: %" PRIu64 "\n", info->fully_allocated);
if (info->has_bitmaps) {
printf("bitmaps size: %" PRIu64 "\n", info->bitmaps);
}
} else {
dump_json_block_measure_info(info);
}
ret = 0;
out:
qapi_free_BlockMeasureInfo(info);
qemu_opts_del(object_opts);
qemu_opts_del(opts);
qemu_opts_del(sn_opts);
qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
g_free(options);
blk_unref(in_blk);
return ret;
}
static const img_cmd_t img_cmds[] = {
#define DEF(option, callback, arg_string) \
{ option, callback },
#include "qemu-img-cmds.h"
#undef DEF
{ NULL, NULL, },
};
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
const img_cmd_t *cmd;
const char *cmdname;
Error *local_error = NULL;
char *trace_file = NULL;
int c;
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"version", no_argument, 0, 'V'},
{"trace", required_argument, NULL, 'T'},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
#ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
#endif
error_init(argv[0]);
module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_TRACE);
qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
if (qemu_init_main_loop(&local_error)) {
error_report_err(local_error);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
qcrypto_init(&error_fatal);
module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);
bdrv_init();
if (argc < 2) {
error_exit("Not enough arguments");
}
qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
qemu_add_opts(&qemu_source_opts);
qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts);
while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "+:hVT:", long_options, NULL)) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case ':':
missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
return 0;
case '?':
unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
return 0;
case 'h':
help();
return 0;
case 'V':
printf(QEMU_IMG_VERSION);
return 0;
case 'T':
g_free(trace_file);
trace_file = trace_opt_parse(optarg);
break;
}
}
cmdname = argv[optind];
/* reset getopt_long scanning */
argc -= optind;
if (argc < 1) {
return 0;
}
argv += optind;
qemu_reset_optind();
if (!trace_init_backends()) {
exit(1);
}
trace_init_file(trace_file);
qemu_set_log(LOG_TRACE);
/* find the command */
for (cmd = img_cmds; cmd->name != NULL; cmd++) {
if (!strcmp(cmdname, cmd->name)) {
return cmd->handler(argc, argv);
}
}
/* not found */
error_exit("Command not found: %s", cmdname);
}
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