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qemu-e2k/crypto/block-luks.c
Daniel P. Berrange 8b7cdba386 crypto: fix handling of iv generator hash defaults 
When opening an existing LUKS volume, if the iv generator is
essiv, then the iv hash algorithm is mandatory to provide. We
must report an error if it is omitted in the cipher mode spec,
not silently default to hash 0 (md5).  If the iv generator is
not essiv, then we explicitly ignore any iv hash algorithm,
rather than report an error, for compatibility with dm-crypt.

When creating a new LUKS volume, if the iv generator is essiv
and no iv hsah algorithm is provided, we should default to
using the sha256 hash.

Reported-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
2016-07-04 10:46:59 +01:00

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/*
* QEMU Crypto block device encryption LUKS format
*
* Copyright (c) 2015-2016 Red Hat, Inc.
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*
*/
#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include "qapi/error.h"
#include "qemu/bswap.h"
#include "crypto/block-luks.h"
#include "crypto/hash.h"
#include "crypto/afsplit.h"
#include "crypto/pbkdf.h"
#include "crypto/secret.h"
#include "crypto/random.h"
#ifdef CONFIG_UUID
#include <uuid/uuid.h>
#endif
#include "qemu/coroutine.h"
/*
* Reference for the LUKS format implemented here is
*
* docs/on-disk-format.pdf
*
* in 'cryptsetup' package source code
*
* This file implements the 1.2.1 specification, dated
* Oct 16, 2011.
*/
typedef struct QCryptoBlockLUKS QCryptoBlockLUKS;
typedef struct QCryptoBlockLUKSHeader QCryptoBlockLUKSHeader;
typedef struct QCryptoBlockLUKSKeySlot QCryptoBlockLUKSKeySlot;
/* The following constants are all defined by the LUKS spec */
#define QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_VERSION 1
#define QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_MAGIC_LEN 6
#define QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_CIPHER_NAME_LEN 32
#define QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_CIPHER_MODE_LEN 32
#define QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_HASH_SPEC_LEN 32
#define QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_DIGEST_LEN 20
#define QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SALT_LEN 32
#define QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_UUID_LEN 40
#define QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_NUM_KEY_SLOTS 8
#define QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_STRIPES 4000
#define QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_MIN_SLOT_KEY_ITERS 1000
#define QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_MIN_MASTER_KEY_ITERS 1000
#define QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_KEY_SLOT_OFFSET 4096
#define QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_KEY_SLOT_DISABLED 0x0000DEAD
#define QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_KEY_SLOT_ENABLED 0x00AC71F3
#define QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SECTOR_SIZE 512LL
static const char qcrypto_block_luks_magic[QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_MAGIC_LEN] = {
'L', 'U', 'K', 'S', 0xBA, 0xBE
};
typedef struct QCryptoBlockLUKSNameMap QCryptoBlockLUKSNameMap;
struct QCryptoBlockLUKSNameMap {
const char *name;
int id;
};
typedef struct QCryptoBlockLUKSCipherSizeMap QCryptoBlockLUKSCipherSizeMap;
struct QCryptoBlockLUKSCipherSizeMap {
uint32_t key_bytes;
int id;
};
typedef struct QCryptoBlockLUKSCipherNameMap QCryptoBlockLUKSCipherNameMap;
struct QCryptoBlockLUKSCipherNameMap {
const char *name;
const QCryptoBlockLUKSCipherSizeMap *sizes;
};
static const QCryptoBlockLUKSCipherSizeMap
qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_size_map_aes[] = {
{ 16, QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_AES_128 },
{ 24, QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_AES_192 },
{ 32, QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_AES_256 },
{ 0, 0 },
};
static const QCryptoBlockLUKSCipherSizeMap
qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_size_map_cast5[] = {
{ 16, QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_CAST5_128 },
{ 0, 0 },
};
static const QCryptoBlockLUKSCipherSizeMap
qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_size_map_serpent[] = {
{ 16, QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_SERPENT_128 },
{ 24, QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_SERPENT_192 },
{ 32, QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_SERPENT_256 },
{ 0, 0 },
};
static const QCryptoBlockLUKSCipherSizeMap
qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_size_map_twofish[] = {
{ 16, QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_TWOFISH_128 },
{ 24, QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_TWOFISH_192 },
{ 32, QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_TWOFISH_256 },
{ 0, 0 },
};
static const QCryptoBlockLUKSCipherNameMap
qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_name_map[] = {
{ "aes", qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_size_map_aes },
{ "cast5", qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_size_map_cast5 },
{ "serpent", qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_size_map_serpent },
{ "twofish", qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_size_map_twofish },
};
/*
* This struct is written to disk in big-endian format,
* but operated upon in native-endian format.
*/
struct QCryptoBlockLUKSKeySlot {
/* state of keyslot, enabled/disable */
uint32_t active;
/* iterations for PBKDF2 */
uint32_t iterations;
/* salt for PBKDF2 */
uint8_t salt[QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SALT_LEN];
/* start sector of key material */
uint32_t key_offset;
/* number of anti-forensic stripes */
uint32_t stripes;
} QEMU_PACKED;
QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct QCryptoBlockLUKSKeySlot) != 48);
/*
* This struct is written to disk in big-endian format,
* but operated upon in native-endian format.
*/
struct QCryptoBlockLUKSHeader {
/* 'L', 'U', 'K', 'S', '0xBA', '0xBE' */
char magic[QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_MAGIC_LEN];
/* LUKS version, currently 1 */
uint16_t version;
/* cipher name specification (aes, etc) */
char cipher_name[QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_CIPHER_NAME_LEN];
/* cipher mode specification (cbc-plain, xts-essiv:sha256, etc) */
char cipher_mode[QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_CIPHER_MODE_LEN];
/* hash specification (sha256, etc) */
char hash_spec[QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_HASH_SPEC_LEN];
/* start offset of the volume data (in 512 byte sectors) */
uint32_t payload_offset;
/* Number of key bytes */
uint32_t key_bytes;
/* master key checksum after PBKDF2 */
uint8_t master_key_digest[QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_DIGEST_LEN];
/* salt for master key PBKDF2 */
uint8_t master_key_salt[QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SALT_LEN];
/* iterations for master key PBKDF2 */
uint32_t master_key_iterations;
/* UUID of the partition in standard ASCII representation */
uint8_t uuid[QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_UUID_LEN];
/* key slots */
QCryptoBlockLUKSKeySlot key_slots[QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_NUM_KEY_SLOTS];
} QEMU_PACKED;
QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct QCryptoBlockLUKSHeader) != 592);
struct QCryptoBlockLUKS {
QCryptoBlockLUKSHeader header;
};
static int qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_name_lookup(const char *name,
QCryptoCipherMode mode,
uint32_t key_bytes,
Error **errp)
{
const QCryptoBlockLUKSCipherNameMap *map =
qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_name_map;
size_t maplen = G_N_ELEMENTS(qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_name_map);
size_t i, j;
if (mode == QCRYPTO_CIPHER_MODE_XTS) {
key_bytes /= 2;
}
for (i = 0; i < maplen; i++) {
if (!g_str_equal(map[i].name, name)) {
continue;
}
for (j = 0; j < map[i].sizes[j].key_bytes; j++) {
if (map[i].sizes[j].key_bytes == key_bytes) {
return map[i].sizes[j].id;
}
}
}
error_setg(errp, "Algorithm %s with key size %d bytes not supported",
name, key_bytes);
return 0;
}
static const char *
qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_alg_lookup(QCryptoCipherAlgorithm alg,
Error **errp)
{
const QCryptoBlockLUKSCipherNameMap *map =
qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_name_map;
size_t maplen = G_N_ELEMENTS(qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_name_map);
size_t i, j;
for (i = 0; i < maplen; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < map[i].sizes[j].key_bytes; j++) {
if (map[i].sizes[j].id == alg) {
return map[i].name;
}
}
}
error_setg(errp, "Algorithm '%s' not supported",
QCryptoCipherAlgorithm_lookup[alg]);
return NULL;
}
/* XXX replace with qapi_enum_parse() in future, when we can
* make that function emit a more friendly error message */
static int qcrypto_block_luks_name_lookup(const char *name,
const char *const *map,
size_t maplen,
const char *type,
Error **errp)
{
size_t i;
for (i = 0; i < maplen; i++) {
if (g_str_equal(map[i], name)) {
return i;
}
}
error_setg(errp, "%s %s not supported", type, name);
return 0;
}
#define qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_mode_lookup(name, errp) \
qcrypto_block_luks_name_lookup(name, \
QCryptoCipherMode_lookup, \
QCRYPTO_CIPHER_MODE__MAX, \
"Cipher mode", \
errp)
#define qcrypto_block_luks_hash_name_lookup(name, errp) \
qcrypto_block_luks_name_lookup(name, \
QCryptoHashAlgorithm_lookup, \
QCRYPTO_HASH_ALG__MAX, \
"Hash algorithm", \
errp)
#define qcrypto_block_luks_ivgen_name_lookup(name, errp) \
qcrypto_block_luks_name_lookup(name, \
QCryptoIVGenAlgorithm_lookup, \
QCRYPTO_IVGEN_ALG__MAX, \
"IV generator", \
errp)
static bool
qcrypto_block_luks_has_format(const uint8_t *buf,
size_t buf_size)
{
const QCryptoBlockLUKSHeader *luks_header = (const void *)buf;
if (buf_size >= offsetof(QCryptoBlockLUKSHeader, cipher_name) &&
memcmp(luks_header->magic, qcrypto_block_luks_magic,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_MAGIC_LEN) == 0 &&
be16_to_cpu(luks_header->version) == QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_VERSION) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
/**
* Deal with a quirk of dm-crypt usage of ESSIV.
*
* When calculating ESSIV IVs, the cipher length used by ESSIV
* may be different from the cipher length used for the block
* encryption, becauses dm-crypt uses the hash digest length
* as the key size. ie, if you have AES 128 as the block cipher
* and SHA 256 as ESSIV hash, then ESSIV will use AES 256 as
* the cipher since that gets a key length matching the digest
* size, not AES 128 with truncated digest as might be imagined
*/
static QCryptoCipherAlgorithm
qcrypto_block_luks_essiv_cipher(QCryptoCipherAlgorithm cipher,
QCryptoHashAlgorithm hash,
Error **errp)
{
size_t digestlen = qcrypto_hash_digest_len(hash);
size_t keylen = qcrypto_cipher_get_key_len(cipher);
if (digestlen == keylen) {
return cipher;
}
switch (cipher) {
case QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_AES_128:
case QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_AES_192:
case QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_AES_256:
if (digestlen == qcrypto_cipher_get_key_len(
QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_AES_128)) {
return QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_AES_128;
} else if (digestlen == qcrypto_cipher_get_key_len(
QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_AES_192)) {
return QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_AES_192;
} else if (digestlen == qcrypto_cipher_get_key_len(
QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_AES_256)) {
return QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_AES_256;
} else {
error_setg(errp, "No AES cipher with key size %zu available",
digestlen);
return 0;
}
break;
case QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_SERPENT_128:
case QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_SERPENT_192:
case QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_SERPENT_256:
if (digestlen == qcrypto_cipher_get_key_len(
QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_SERPENT_128)) {
return QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_SERPENT_128;
} else if (digestlen == qcrypto_cipher_get_key_len(
QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_SERPENT_192)) {
return QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_SERPENT_192;
} else if (digestlen == qcrypto_cipher_get_key_len(
QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_SERPENT_256)) {
return QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_SERPENT_256;
} else {
error_setg(errp, "No Serpent cipher with key size %zu available",
digestlen);
return 0;
}
break;
case QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_TWOFISH_128:
case QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_TWOFISH_192:
case QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_TWOFISH_256:
if (digestlen == qcrypto_cipher_get_key_len(
QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_TWOFISH_128)) {
return QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_TWOFISH_128;
} else if (digestlen == qcrypto_cipher_get_key_len(
QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_TWOFISH_192)) {
return QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_TWOFISH_192;
} else if (digestlen == qcrypto_cipher_get_key_len(
QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_TWOFISH_256)) {
return QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_TWOFISH_256;
} else {
error_setg(errp, "No Twofish cipher with key size %zu available",
digestlen);
return 0;
}
break;
default:
error_setg(errp, "Cipher %s not supported with essiv",
QCryptoCipherAlgorithm_lookup[cipher]);
return 0;
}
}
/*
* Given a key slot, and user password, this will attempt to unlock
* the master encryption key from the key slot.
*
* Returns:
* 0 if the key slot is disabled, or key could not be decrypted
* with the provided password
* 1 if the key slot is enabled, and key decrypted successfully
* with the provided password
* -1 if a fatal error occurred loading the key
*/
static int
qcrypto_block_luks_load_key(QCryptoBlock *block,
QCryptoBlockLUKSKeySlot *slot,
const char *password,
QCryptoCipherAlgorithm cipheralg,
QCryptoCipherMode ciphermode,
QCryptoHashAlgorithm hash,
QCryptoIVGenAlgorithm ivalg,
QCryptoCipherAlgorithm ivcipheralg,
QCryptoHashAlgorithm ivhash,
uint8_t *masterkey,
size_t masterkeylen,
QCryptoBlockReadFunc readfunc,
void *opaque,
Error **errp)
{
QCryptoBlockLUKS *luks = block->opaque;
uint8_t *splitkey;
size_t splitkeylen;
uint8_t *possiblekey;
int ret = -1;
ssize_t rv;
QCryptoCipher *cipher = NULL;
uint8_t keydigest[QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_DIGEST_LEN];
QCryptoIVGen *ivgen = NULL;
size_t niv;
if (slot->active != QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_KEY_SLOT_ENABLED) {
return 0;
}
splitkeylen = masterkeylen * slot->stripes;
splitkey = g_new0(uint8_t, splitkeylen);
possiblekey = g_new0(uint8_t, masterkeylen);
/*
* The user password is used to generate a (possible)
* decryption key. This may or may not successfully
* decrypt the master key - we just blindly assume
* the key is correct and validate the results of
* decryption later.
*/
if (qcrypto_pbkdf2(hash,
(const uint8_t *)password, strlen(password),
slot->salt, QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SALT_LEN,
slot->iterations,
possiblekey, masterkeylen,
errp) < 0) {
goto cleanup;
}
/*
* We need to read the master key material from the
* LUKS key material header. What we're reading is
* not the raw master key, but rather the data after
* it has been passed through AFSplit and the result
* then encrypted.
*/
rv = readfunc(block,
slot->key_offset * QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SECTOR_SIZE,
splitkey, splitkeylen,
errp,
opaque);
if (rv < 0) {
goto cleanup;
}
/* Setup the cipher/ivgen that we'll use to try to decrypt
* the split master key material */
cipher = qcrypto_cipher_new(cipheralg, ciphermode,
possiblekey, masterkeylen,
errp);
if (!cipher) {
goto cleanup;
}
niv = qcrypto_cipher_get_iv_len(cipheralg,
ciphermode);
ivgen = qcrypto_ivgen_new(ivalg,
ivcipheralg,
ivhash,
possiblekey, masterkeylen,
errp);
if (!ivgen) {
goto cleanup;
}
/*
* The master key needs to be decrypted in the same
* way that the block device payload will be decrypted
* later. In particular we'll be using the IV generator
* to reset the encryption cipher every time the master
* key crosses a sector boundary.
*/
if (qcrypto_block_decrypt_helper(cipher,
niv,
ivgen,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SECTOR_SIZE,
0,
splitkey,
splitkeylen,
errp) < 0) {
goto cleanup;
}
/*
* Now we've decrypted the split master key, join
* it back together to get the actual master key.
*/
if (qcrypto_afsplit_decode(hash,
masterkeylen,
slot->stripes,
splitkey,
masterkey,
errp) < 0) {
goto cleanup;
}
/*
* We still don't know that the masterkey we got is valid,
* because we just blindly assumed the user's password
* was correct. This is where we now verify it. We are
* creating a hash of the master key using PBKDF and
* then comparing that to the hash stored in the key slot
* header
*/
if (qcrypto_pbkdf2(hash,
masterkey, masterkeylen,
luks->header.master_key_salt,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SALT_LEN,
luks->header.master_key_iterations,
keydigest, G_N_ELEMENTS(keydigest),
errp) < 0) {
goto cleanup;
}
if (memcmp(keydigest, luks->header.master_key_digest,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_DIGEST_LEN) == 0) {
/* Success, we got the right master key */
ret = 1;
goto cleanup;
}
/* Fail, user's password was not valid for this key slot,
* tell caller to try another slot */
ret = 0;
cleanup:
qcrypto_ivgen_free(ivgen);
qcrypto_cipher_free(cipher);
g_free(splitkey);
g_free(possiblekey);
return ret;
}
/*
* Given a user password, this will iterate over all key
* slots and try to unlock each active key slot using the
* password until it successfully obtains a master key.
*
* Returns 0 if a key was loaded, -1 if no keys could be loaded
*/
static int
qcrypto_block_luks_find_key(QCryptoBlock *block,
const char *password,
QCryptoCipherAlgorithm cipheralg,
QCryptoCipherMode ciphermode,
QCryptoHashAlgorithm hash,
QCryptoIVGenAlgorithm ivalg,
QCryptoCipherAlgorithm ivcipheralg,
QCryptoHashAlgorithm ivhash,
uint8_t **masterkey,
size_t *masterkeylen,
QCryptoBlockReadFunc readfunc,
void *opaque,
Error **errp)
{
QCryptoBlockLUKS *luks = block->opaque;
size_t i;
int rv;
*masterkey = g_new0(uint8_t, luks->header.key_bytes);
*masterkeylen = luks->header.key_bytes;
for (i = 0; i < QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_NUM_KEY_SLOTS; i++) {
rv = qcrypto_block_luks_load_key(block,
&luks->header.key_slots[i],
password,
cipheralg,
ciphermode,
hash,
ivalg,
ivcipheralg,
ivhash,
*masterkey,
*masterkeylen,
readfunc,
opaque,
errp);
if (rv < 0) {
goto error;
}
if (rv == 1) {
return 0;
}
}
error_setg(errp, "Invalid password, cannot unlock any keyslot");
error:
g_free(*masterkey);
*masterkey = NULL;
*masterkeylen = 0;
return -1;
}
static int
qcrypto_block_luks_open(QCryptoBlock *block,
QCryptoBlockOpenOptions *options,
QCryptoBlockReadFunc readfunc,
void *opaque,
unsigned int flags,
Error **errp)
{
QCryptoBlockLUKS *luks;
Error *local_err = NULL;
int ret = 0;
size_t i;
ssize_t rv;
uint8_t *masterkey = NULL;
size_t masterkeylen;
char *ivgen_name, *ivhash_name;
QCryptoCipherMode ciphermode;
QCryptoCipherAlgorithm cipheralg;
QCryptoIVGenAlgorithm ivalg;
QCryptoCipherAlgorithm ivcipheralg;
QCryptoHashAlgorithm hash;
QCryptoHashAlgorithm ivhash;
char *password = NULL;
if (!(flags & QCRYPTO_BLOCK_OPEN_NO_IO)) {
if (!options->u.luks.key_secret) {
error_setg(errp, "Parameter 'key-secret' is required for cipher");
return -1;
}
password = qcrypto_secret_lookup_as_utf8(
options->u.luks.key_secret, errp);
if (!password) {
return -1;
}
}
luks = g_new0(QCryptoBlockLUKS, 1);
block->opaque = luks;
/* Read the entire LUKS header, minus the key material from
* the underlying device */
rv = readfunc(block, 0,
(uint8_t *)&luks->header,
sizeof(luks->header),
errp,
opaque);
if (rv < 0) {
ret = rv;
goto fail;
}
/* The header is always stored in big-endian format, so
* convert everything to native */
be16_to_cpus(&luks->header.version);
be32_to_cpus(&luks->header.payload_offset);
be32_to_cpus(&luks->header.key_bytes);
be32_to_cpus(&luks->header.master_key_iterations);
for (i = 0; i < QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_NUM_KEY_SLOTS; i++) {
be32_to_cpus(&luks->header.key_slots[i].active);
be32_to_cpus(&luks->header.key_slots[i].iterations);
be32_to_cpus(&luks->header.key_slots[i].key_offset);
be32_to_cpus(&luks->header.key_slots[i].stripes);
}
if (memcmp(luks->header.magic, qcrypto_block_luks_magic,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_MAGIC_LEN) != 0) {
error_setg(errp, "Volume is not in LUKS format");
ret = -EINVAL;
goto fail;
}
if (luks->header.version != QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_VERSION) {
error_setg(errp, "LUKS version %" PRIu32 " is not supported",
luks->header.version);
ret = -ENOTSUP;
goto fail;
}
/*
* The cipher_mode header contains a string that we have
* to further parse, of the format
*
* <cipher-mode>-<iv-generator>[:<iv-hash>]
*
* eg cbc-essiv:sha256, cbc-plain64
*/
ivgen_name = strchr(luks->header.cipher_mode, '-');
if (!ivgen_name) {
ret = -EINVAL;
error_setg(errp, "Unexpected cipher mode string format %s",
luks->header.cipher_mode);
goto fail;
}
*ivgen_name = '\0';
ivgen_name++;
ivhash_name = strchr(ivgen_name, ':');
if (!ivhash_name) {
ivhash = 0;
} else {
*ivhash_name = '\0';
ivhash_name++;
ivhash = qcrypto_block_luks_hash_name_lookup(ivhash_name,
&local_err);
if (local_err) {
ret = -ENOTSUP;
error_propagate(errp, local_err);
goto fail;
}
}
ciphermode = qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_mode_lookup(luks->header.cipher_mode,
&local_err);
if (local_err) {
ret = -ENOTSUP;
error_propagate(errp, local_err);
goto fail;
}
cipheralg = qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_name_lookup(luks->header.cipher_name,
ciphermode,
luks->header.key_bytes,
&local_err);
if (local_err) {
ret = -ENOTSUP;
error_propagate(errp, local_err);
goto fail;
}
hash = qcrypto_block_luks_hash_name_lookup(luks->header.hash_spec,
&local_err);
if (local_err) {
ret = -ENOTSUP;
error_propagate(errp, local_err);
goto fail;
}
ivalg = qcrypto_block_luks_ivgen_name_lookup(ivgen_name,
&local_err);
if (local_err) {
ret = -ENOTSUP;
error_propagate(errp, local_err);
goto fail;
}
if (ivalg == QCRYPTO_IVGEN_ALG_ESSIV) {
if (!ivhash_name) {
ret = -EINVAL;
error_setg(errp, "Missing IV generator hash specification");
goto fail;
}
ivcipheralg = qcrypto_block_luks_essiv_cipher(cipheralg,
ivhash,
&local_err);
if (local_err) {
ret = -ENOTSUP;
error_propagate(errp, local_err);
goto fail;
}
} else {
/* Note we parsed the ivhash_name earlier in the cipher_mode
* spec string even with plain/plain64 ivgens, but we
* will ignore it, since it is irrelevant for these ivgens.
* This is for compat with dm-crypt which will silently
* ignore hash names with these ivgens rather than report
* an error about the invalid usage
*/
ivcipheralg = cipheralg;
}
if (!(flags & QCRYPTO_BLOCK_OPEN_NO_IO)) {
/* Try to find which key slot our password is valid for
* and unlock the master key from that slot.
*/
if (qcrypto_block_luks_find_key(block,
password,
cipheralg, ciphermode,
hash,
ivalg,
ivcipheralg,
ivhash,
&masterkey, &masterkeylen,
readfunc, opaque,
errp) < 0) {
ret = -EACCES;
goto fail;
}
/* We have a valid master key now, so can setup the
* block device payload decryption objects
*/
block->kdfhash = hash;
block->niv = qcrypto_cipher_get_iv_len(cipheralg,
ciphermode);
block->ivgen = qcrypto_ivgen_new(ivalg,
ivcipheralg,
ivhash,
masterkey, masterkeylen,
errp);
if (!block->ivgen) {
ret = -ENOTSUP;
goto fail;
}
block->cipher = qcrypto_cipher_new(cipheralg,
ciphermode,
masterkey, masterkeylen,
errp);
if (!block->cipher) {
ret = -ENOTSUP;
goto fail;
}
}
block->payload_offset = luks->header.payload_offset *
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SECTOR_SIZE;
g_free(masterkey);
g_free(password);
return 0;
fail:
g_free(masterkey);
qcrypto_cipher_free(block->cipher);
qcrypto_ivgen_free(block->ivgen);
g_free(luks);
g_free(password);
return ret;
}
static int
qcrypto_block_luks_uuid_gen(uint8_t *uuidstr, Error **errp)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_UUID
uuid_t uuid;
uuid_generate(uuid);
uuid_unparse(uuid, (char *)uuidstr);
return 0;
#else
error_setg(errp, "Unable to generate uuids on this platform");
return -1;
#endif
}
static int
qcrypto_block_luks_create(QCryptoBlock *block,
QCryptoBlockCreateOptions *options,
QCryptoBlockInitFunc initfunc,
QCryptoBlockWriteFunc writefunc,
void *opaque,
Error **errp)
{
QCryptoBlockLUKS *luks;
QCryptoBlockCreateOptionsLUKS luks_opts;
Error *local_err = NULL;
uint8_t *masterkey = NULL;
uint8_t *slotkey = NULL;
uint8_t *splitkey = NULL;
size_t splitkeylen = 0;
size_t i;
QCryptoCipher *cipher = NULL;
QCryptoIVGen *ivgen = NULL;
char *password;
const char *cipher_alg;
const char *cipher_mode;
const char *ivgen_alg;
const char *ivgen_hash_alg = NULL;
const char *hash_alg;
char *cipher_mode_spec = NULL;
QCryptoCipherAlgorithm ivcipheralg = 0;
memcpy(&luks_opts, &options->u.luks, sizeof(luks_opts));
if (!luks_opts.has_cipher_alg) {
luks_opts.cipher_alg = QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_AES_256;
}
if (!luks_opts.has_cipher_mode) {
luks_opts.cipher_mode = QCRYPTO_CIPHER_MODE_XTS;
}
if (!luks_opts.has_ivgen_alg) {
luks_opts.ivgen_alg = QCRYPTO_IVGEN_ALG_PLAIN64;
}
if (!luks_opts.has_hash_alg) {
luks_opts.hash_alg = QCRYPTO_HASH_ALG_SHA256;
}
if (luks_opts.ivgen_alg == QCRYPTO_IVGEN_ALG_ESSIV) {
if (!luks_opts.has_ivgen_hash_alg) {
luks_opts.ivgen_hash_alg = QCRYPTO_HASH_ALG_SHA256;
luks_opts.has_ivgen_hash_alg = true;
}
}
/* Note we're allowing ivgen_hash_alg to be set even for
* non-essiv iv generators that don't need a hash. It will
* be silently ignored, for compatibility with dm-crypt */
if (!options->u.luks.key_secret) {
error_setg(errp, "Parameter 'key-secret' is required for cipher");
return -1;
}
password = qcrypto_secret_lookup_as_utf8(luks_opts.key_secret, errp);
if (!password) {
return -1;
}
luks = g_new0(QCryptoBlockLUKS, 1);
block->opaque = luks;
memcpy(luks->header.magic, qcrypto_block_luks_magic,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_MAGIC_LEN);
/* We populate the header in native endianness initially and
* then convert everything to big endian just before writing
* it out to disk
*/
luks->header.version = QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_VERSION;
if (qcrypto_block_luks_uuid_gen(luks->header.uuid,
errp) < 0) {
goto error;
}
cipher_alg = qcrypto_block_luks_cipher_alg_lookup(luks_opts.cipher_alg,
errp);
if (!cipher_alg) {
goto error;
}
cipher_mode = QCryptoCipherMode_lookup[luks_opts.cipher_mode];
ivgen_alg = QCryptoIVGenAlgorithm_lookup[luks_opts.ivgen_alg];
if (luks_opts.has_ivgen_hash_alg) {
ivgen_hash_alg = QCryptoHashAlgorithm_lookup[luks_opts.ivgen_hash_alg];
cipher_mode_spec = g_strdup_printf("%s-%s:%s", cipher_mode, ivgen_alg,
ivgen_hash_alg);
} else {
cipher_mode_spec = g_strdup_printf("%s-%s", cipher_mode, ivgen_alg);
}
hash_alg = QCryptoHashAlgorithm_lookup[luks_opts.hash_alg];
if (strlen(cipher_alg) >= QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_CIPHER_NAME_LEN) {
error_setg(errp, "Cipher name '%s' is too long for LUKS header",
cipher_alg);
goto error;
}
if (strlen(cipher_mode_spec) >= QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_CIPHER_MODE_LEN) {
error_setg(errp, "Cipher mode '%s' is too long for LUKS header",
cipher_mode_spec);
goto error;
}
if (strlen(hash_alg) >= QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_HASH_SPEC_LEN) {
error_setg(errp, "Hash name '%s' is too long for LUKS header",
hash_alg);
goto error;
}
if (luks_opts.ivgen_alg == QCRYPTO_IVGEN_ALG_ESSIV) {
ivcipheralg = qcrypto_block_luks_essiv_cipher(luks_opts.cipher_alg,
luks_opts.ivgen_hash_alg,
&local_err);
if (local_err) {
error_propagate(errp, local_err);
goto error;
}
} else {
ivcipheralg = luks_opts.cipher_alg;
}
strcpy(luks->header.cipher_name, cipher_alg);
strcpy(luks->header.cipher_mode, cipher_mode_spec);
strcpy(luks->header.hash_spec, hash_alg);
luks->header.key_bytes = qcrypto_cipher_get_key_len(luks_opts.cipher_alg);
if (luks_opts.cipher_mode == QCRYPTO_CIPHER_MODE_XTS) {
luks->header.key_bytes *= 2;
}
/* Generate the salt used for hashing the master key
* with PBKDF later
*/
if (qcrypto_random_bytes(luks->header.master_key_salt,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SALT_LEN,
errp) < 0) {
goto error;
}
/* Generate random master key */
masterkey = g_new0(uint8_t, luks->header.key_bytes);
if (qcrypto_random_bytes(masterkey,
luks->header.key_bytes, errp) < 0) {
goto error;
}
/* Setup the block device payload encryption objects */
block->cipher = qcrypto_cipher_new(luks_opts.cipher_alg,
luks_opts.cipher_mode,
masterkey, luks->header.key_bytes,
errp);
if (!block->cipher) {
goto error;
}
block->kdfhash = luks_opts.hash_alg;
block->niv = qcrypto_cipher_get_iv_len(luks_opts.cipher_alg,
luks_opts.cipher_mode);
block->ivgen = qcrypto_ivgen_new(luks_opts.ivgen_alg,
ivcipheralg,
luks_opts.ivgen_hash_alg,
masterkey, luks->header.key_bytes,
errp);
if (!block->ivgen) {
goto error;
}
/* Determine how many iterations we need to hash the master
* key, in order to have 1 second of compute time used
*/
luks->header.master_key_iterations =
qcrypto_pbkdf2_count_iters(luks_opts.hash_alg,
masterkey, luks->header.key_bytes,
luks->header.master_key_salt,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SALT_LEN,
&local_err);
if (local_err) {
error_propagate(errp, local_err);
goto error;
}
/* Why /= 8 ? That matches cryptsetup, but there's no
* explanation why they chose /= 8... Probably so that
* if all 8 keyslots are active we only spend 1 second
* in total time to check all keys */
luks->header.master_key_iterations /= 8;
luks->header.master_key_iterations = MAX(
luks->header.master_key_iterations,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_MIN_MASTER_KEY_ITERS);
/* Hash the master key, saving the result in the LUKS
* header. This hash is used when opening the encrypted
* device to verify that the user password unlocked a
* valid master key
*/
if (qcrypto_pbkdf2(luks_opts.hash_alg,
masterkey, luks->header.key_bytes,
luks->header.master_key_salt,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SALT_LEN,
luks->header.master_key_iterations,
luks->header.master_key_digest,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_DIGEST_LEN,
errp) < 0) {
goto error;
}
/* Although LUKS has multiple key slots, we're just going
* to use the first key slot */
splitkeylen = luks->header.key_bytes * QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_STRIPES;
for (i = 0; i < QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_NUM_KEY_SLOTS; i++) {
luks->header.key_slots[i].active = i == 0 ?
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_KEY_SLOT_ENABLED :
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_KEY_SLOT_DISABLED;
luks->header.key_slots[i].stripes = QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_STRIPES;
/* This calculation doesn't match that shown in the spec,
* but instead follows the cryptsetup implementation.
*/
luks->header.key_slots[i].key_offset =
(QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_KEY_SLOT_OFFSET /
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SECTOR_SIZE) +
(ROUND_UP(DIV_ROUND_UP(splitkeylen, QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SECTOR_SIZE),
(QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_KEY_SLOT_OFFSET /
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SECTOR_SIZE)) * i);
}
if (qcrypto_random_bytes(luks->header.key_slots[0].salt,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SALT_LEN,
errp) < 0) {
goto error;
}
/* Again we determine how many iterations are required to
* hash the user password while consuming 1 second of compute
* time */
luks->header.key_slots[0].iterations =
qcrypto_pbkdf2_count_iters(luks_opts.hash_alg,
(uint8_t *)password, strlen(password),
luks->header.key_slots[0].salt,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SALT_LEN,
&local_err);
if (local_err) {
error_propagate(errp, local_err);
goto error;
}
/* Why /= 2 ? That matches cryptsetup, but there's no
* explanation why they chose /= 2... */
luks->header.key_slots[0].iterations /= 2;
luks->header.key_slots[0].iterations = MAX(
luks->header.key_slots[0].iterations,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_MIN_SLOT_KEY_ITERS);
/* Generate a key that we'll use to encrypt the master
* key, from the user's password
*/
slotkey = g_new0(uint8_t, luks->header.key_bytes);
if (qcrypto_pbkdf2(luks_opts.hash_alg,
(uint8_t *)password, strlen(password),
luks->header.key_slots[0].salt,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SALT_LEN,
luks->header.key_slots[0].iterations,
slotkey, luks->header.key_bytes,
errp) < 0) {
goto error;
}
/* Setup the encryption objects needed to encrypt the
* master key material
*/
cipher = qcrypto_cipher_new(luks_opts.cipher_alg,
luks_opts.cipher_mode,
slotkey, luks->header.key_bytes,
errp);
if (!cipher) {
goto error;
}
ivgen = qcrypto_ivgen_new(luks_opts.ivgen_alg,
ivcipheralg,
luks_opts.ivgen_hash_alg,
slotkey, luks->header.key_bytes,
errp);
if (!ivgen) {
goto error;
}
/* Before storing the master key, we need to vastly
* increase its size, as protection against forensic
* disk data recovery */
splitkey = g_new0(uint8_t, splitkeylen);
if (qcrypto_afsplit_encode(luks_opts.hash_alg,
luks->header.key_bytes,
luks->header.key_slots[0].stripes,
masterkey,
splitkey,
errp) < 0) {
goto error;
}
/* Now we encrypt the split master key with the key generated
* from the user's password, before storing it */
if (qcrypto_block_encrypt_helper(cipher, block->niv, ivgen,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SECTOR_SIZE,
0,
splitkey,
splitkeylen,
errp) < 0) {
goto error;
}
/* The total size of the LUKS headers is the partition header + key
* slot headers, rounded up to the nearest sector, combined with
* the size of each master key material region, also rounded up
* to the nearest sector */
luks->header.payload_offset =
(QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_KEY_SLOT_OFFSET /
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SECTOR_SIZE) +
(ROUND_UP(DIV_ROUND_UP(splitkeylen, QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SECTOR_SIZE),
(QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_KEY_SLOT_OFFSET /
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SECTOR_SIZE)) *
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_NUM_KEY_SLOTS);
block->payload_offset = luks->header.payload_offset *
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SECTOR_SIZE;
/* Reserve header space to match payload offset */
initfunc(block, block->payload_offset, &local_err, opaque);
if (local_err) {
error_propagate(errp, local_err);
goto error;
}
/* Everything on disk uses Big Endian, so flip header fields
* before writing them */
cpu_to_be16s(&luks->header.version);
cpu_to_be32s(&luks->header.payload_offset);
cpu_to_be32s(&luks->header.key_bytes);
cpu_to_be32s(&luks->header.master_key_iterations);
for (i = 0; i < QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_NUM_KEY_SLOTS; i++) {
cpu_to_be32s(&luks->header.key_slots[i].active);
cpu_to_be32s(&luks->header.key_slots[i].iterations);
cpu_to_be32s(&luks->header.key_slots[i].key_offset);
cpu_to_be32s(&luks->header.key_slots[i].stripes);
}
/* Write out the partition header and key slot headers */
writefunc(block, 0,
(const uint8_t *)&luks->header,
sizeof(luks->header),
&local_err,
opaque);
/* Delay checking local_err until we've byte-swapped */
/* Byte swap the header back to native, in case we need
* to read it again later */
be16_to_cpus(&luks->header.version);
be32_to_cpus(&luks->header.payload_offset);
be32_to_cpus(&luks->header.key_bytes);
be32_to_cpus(&luks->header.master_key_iterations);
for (i = 0; i < QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_NUM_KEY_SLOTS; i++) {
be32_to_cpus(&luks->header.key_slots[i].active);
be32_to_cpus(&luks->header.key_slots[i].iterations);
be32_to_cpus(&luks->header.key_slots[i].key_offset);
be32_to_cpus(&luks->header.key_slots[i].stripes);
}
if (local_err) {
error_propagate(errp, local_err);
goto error;
}
/* Write out the master key material, starting at the
* sector immediately following the partition header. */
if (writefunc(block,
luks->header.key_slots[0].key_offset *
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SECTOR_SIZE,
splitkey, splitkeylen,
errp,
opaque) != splitkeylen) {
goto error;
}
memset(masterkey, 0, luks->header.key_bytes);
g_free(masterkey);
memset(slotkey, 0, luks->header.key_bytes);
g_free(slotkey);
g_free(splitkey);
g_free(password);
g_free(cipher_mode_spec);
qcrypto_ivgen_free(ivgen);
qcrypto_cipher_free(cipher);
return 0;
error:
if (masterkey) {
memset(masterkey, 0, luks->header.key_bytes);
}
g_free(masterkey);
if (slotkey) {
memset(slotkey, 0, luks->header.key_bytes);
}
g_free(slotkey);
g_free(splitkey);
g_free(password);
g_free(cipher_mode_spec);
qcrypto_ivgen_free(ivgen);
qcrypto_cipher_free(cipher);
g_free(luks);
return -1;
}
static void qcrypto_block_luks_cleanup(QCryptoBlock *block)
{
g_free(block->opaque);
}
static int
qcrypto_block_luks_decrypt(QCryptoBlock *block,
uint64_t startsector,
uint8_t *buf,
size_t len,
Error **errp)
{
return qcrypto_block_decrypt_helper(block->cipher,
block->niv, block->ivgen,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SECTOR_SIZE,
startsector, buf, len, errp);
}
static int
qcrypto_block_luks_encrypt(QCryptoBlock *block,
uint64_t startsector,
uint8_t *buf,
size_t len,
Error **errp)
{
return qcrypto_block_encrypt_helper(block->cipher,
block->niv, block->ivgen,
QCRYPTO_BLOCK_LUKS_SECTOR_SIZE,
startsector, buf, len, errp);
}
const QCryptoBlockDriver qcrypto_block_driver_luks = {
.open = qcrypto_block_luks_open,
.create = qcrypto_block_luks_create,
.cleanup = qcrypto_block_luks_cleanup,
.decrypt = qcrypto_block_luks_decrypt,
.encrypt = qcrypto_block_luks_encrypt,
.has_format = qcrypto_block_luks_has_format,
};
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