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qemu-e2k/qemu-img.c
Kevin Wolf 690c730160 qemu-img convert: Rewrite copying logic 
The implementation of qemu-img convert is (a) messy, (b) buggy, and
(c) less efficient than possible. The changes required to beat some
sense into it are massive enough that incremental changes would only
make my and the reviewers' life harder. So throw it away and reimplement
it from scratch.

Let me give some examples what I mean by messy, buggy and inefficient:

(a) The copying logic of qemu-img convert has two separate branches for
    compressed and normal target images, which roughly do the same -
    except for a little code that handles actual differences between
    compressed and uncompressed images, and much more code that
    implements just a different set of optimisations and bugs. This is
    unnecessary code duplication, and makes the code for compressed
    output (unsurprisingly) suffer from bitrot.

    The code for uncompressed ouput is run twice to count the the total
    length for the progress bar. In the first run it just takes a
    shortcut and runs only half the loop, and when it's done, it toggles
    a boolean, jumps out of the loop with a backwards goto and starts
    over. Works, but pretty is something different.

(b) Converting while keeping a backing file (-B option) is broken in
    several ways. This includes not writing to the image file if the
    input has zero clusters or data filled with zeros (ignoring that the
    backing file will be visible instead).

    It also doesn't correctly limit every iteration of the copy loop to
    sectors of the same status so that too many sectors may be copied to
    in the target image. For -B this gives an unexpected result, for
    other images it just does more work than necessary.

    Conversion with a compressed target completely ignores any target
    backing file.

(c) qemu-img convert skips reading and writing an area if it knows from
    metadata that copying isn't needed (except for the bug mentioned
    above that ignores a status change in some cases). It does, however,
    read from the source even if it knows that it will read zeros, and
    then search for non-zero bytes in the read buffer, if it's possible
    that a write might be needed.

This reimplementation of the copying core reorganises the code to remove
the duplication and have a much more obvious code flow, by essentially
splitting the copy iteration loop into three parts:

1. Find the number of contiguous sectors of the same status at the
   current offset (This can also be called in a separate loop before the
   copying loop in order to determine the total sectors for the progress
   bar.)

2. Read sectors. If the status implies that there is no data there to
   read (zero or unallocated cluster), don't do anything.

3. Write sectors depending on the status. If it's data, write it. If
   we want the backing file to be visible (with -B), don't write it. If
   it's zeroed, skip it if you can, otherwise use bdrv_write_zeroes() to
   optimise the write at least where possible.

Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Max Reitz <mreitz@redhat.com>
2015-04-28 15:36:09 +02:00

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/*
* QEMU disk image utility
*
* Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
* THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
* THE SOFTWARE.
*/
#include "qapi-visit.h"
#include "qapi/qmp-output-visitor.h"
#include "qapi/qmp/qjson.h"
#include "qemu-common.h"
#include "qemu/option.h"
#include "qemu/error-report.h"
#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
#include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
#include "block/block_int.h"
#include "block/blockjob.h"
#include "block/qapi.h"
#include <getopt.h>
#define QEMU_IMG_VERSION "qemu-img version " QEMU_VERSION QEMU_PKGVERSION \
", Copyright (c) 2004-2008 Fabrice Bellard\n"
typedef struct img_cmd_t {
const char *name;
int (*handler)(int argc, char **argv);
} img_cmd_t;
enum {
OPTION_OUTPUT = 256,
OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN = 257,
};
typedef enum OutputFormat {
OFORMAT_JSON,
OFORMAT_HUMAN,
} OutputFormat;
/* Default to cache=writeback as data integrity is not important for qemu-tcg. */
#define BDRV_O_FLAGS BDRV_O_CACHE_WB
#define BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE "writeback"
static void format_print(void *opaque, const char *name)
{
printf(" %s", name);
}
static void QEMU_NORETURN GCC_FMT_ATTR(1, 2) error_exit(const char *fmt, ...)
{
va_list ap;
error_printf("qemu-img: ");
va_start(ap, fmt);
error_vprintf(fmt, ap);
va_end(ap);
error_printf("\nTry 'qemu-img --help' for more information\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* Please keep in synch with qemu-img.texi */
static void QEMU_NORETURN help(void)
{
const char *help_msg =
QEMU_IMG_VERSION
"usage: qemu-img command [command options]\n"
"QEMU disk image utility\n"
"\n"
"Command syntax:\n"
#define DEF(option, callback, arg_string) \
" " arg_string "\n"
#include "qemu-img-cmds.h"
#undef DEF
#undef GEN_DOCS
"\n"
"Command parameters:\n"
" 'filename' is a disk image filename\n"
" 'fmt' is the disk image format. It is guessed automatically in most cases\n"
" 'cache' is the cache mode used to write the output disk image, the valid\n"
" options are: 'none', 'writeback' (default, except for convert), 'writethrough',\n"
" 'directsync' and 'unsafe' (default for convert)\n"
" 'src_cache' is the cache mode used to read input disk images, the valid\n"
" options are the same as for the 'cache' option\n"
" 'size' is the disk image size in bytes. Optional suffixes\n"
" 'k' or 'K' (kilobyte, 1024), 'M' (megabyte, 1024k), 'G' (gigabyte, 1024M),\n"
" 'T' (terabyte, 1024G), 'P' (petabyte, 1024T) and 'E' (exabyte, 1024P) are\n"
" supported. 'b' is ignored.\n"
" 'output_filename' is the destination disk image filename\n"
" 'output_fmt' is the destination format\n"
" 'options' is a comma separated list of format specific options in a\n"
" name=value format. Use -o ? for an overview of the options supported by the\n"
" used format\n"
" 'snapshot_param' is param used for internal snapshot, format\n"
" is 'snapshot.id=[ID],snapshot.name=[NAME]', or\n"
" '[ID_OR_NAME]'\n"
" 'snapshot_id_or_name' is deprecated, use 'snapshot_param'\n"
" instead\n"
" '-c' indicates that target image must be compressed (qcow format only)\n"
" '-u' enables unsafe rebasing. It is assumed that old and new backing file\n"
" match exactly. The image doesn't need a working backing file before\n"
" rebasing in this case (useful for renaming the backing file)\n"
" '-h' with or without a command shows this help and lists the supported formats\n"
" '-p' show progress of command (only certain commands)\n"
" '-q' use Quiet mode - do not print any output (except errors)\n"
" '-S' indicates the consecutive number of bytes (defaults to 4k) that must\n"
" contain only zeros for qemu-img to create a sparse image during\n"
" conversion. If the number of bytes is 0, the source will not be scanned for\n"
" unallocated or zero sectors, and the destination image will always be\n"
" fully allocated\n"
" '--output' takes the format in which the output must be done (human or json)\n"
" '-n' skips the target volume creation (useful if the volume is created\n"
" prior to running qemu-img)\n"
"\n"
"Parameters to check subcommand:\n"
" '-r' tries to repair any inconsistencies that are found during the check.\n"
" '-r leaks' repairs only cluster leaks, whereas '-r all' fixes all\n"
" kinds of errors, with a higher risk of choosing the wrong fix or\n"
" hiding corruption that has already occurred.\n"
"\n"
"Parameters to snapshot subcommand:\n"
" 'snapshot' is the name of the snapshot to create, apply or delete\n"
" '-a' applies a snapshot (revert disk to saved state)\n"
" '-c' creates a snapshot\n"
" '-d' deletes a snapshot\n"
" '-l' lists all snapshots in the given image\n"
"\n"
"Parameters to compare subcommand:\n"
" '-f' first image format\n"
" '-F' second image format\n"
" '-s' run in Strict mode - fail on different image size or sector allocation\n";
printf("%s\nSupported formats:", help_msg);
bdrv_iterate_format(format_print, NULL);
printf("\n");
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
static int GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3) qprintf(bool quiet, const char *fmt, ...)
{
int ret = 0;
if (!quiet) {
va_list args;
va_start(args, fmt);
ret = vprintf(fmt, args);
va_end(args);
}
return ret;
}
#if defined(WIN32)
/* XXX: put correct support for win32 */
static int read_password(char *buf, int buf_size)
{
int c, i;
printf("Password: ");
fflush(stdout);
i = 0;
for(;;) {
c = getchar();
if (c < 0) {
buf[i] = '\0';
return -1;
} else if (c == '\n') {
break;
} else if (i < (buf_size - 1)) {
buf[i++] = c;
}
}
buf[i] = '\0';
return 0;
}
#else
#include <termios.h>
static struct termios oldtty;
static void term_exit(void)
{
tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &oldtty);
}
static void term_init(void)
{
struct termios tty;
tcgetattr (0, &tty);
oldtty = tty;
tty.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK|BRKINT|PARMRK|ISTRIP
|INLCR|IGNCR|ICRNL|IXON);
tty.c_oflag |= OPOST;
tty.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO|ECHONL|ICANON|IEXTEN);
tty.c_cflag &= ~(CSIZE|PARENB);
tty.c_cflag |= CS8;
tty.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
tty.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &tty);
atexit(term_exit);
}
static int read_password(char *buf, int buf_size)
{
uint8_t ch;
int i, ret;
printf("password: ");
fflush(stdout);
term_init();
i = 0;
for(;;) {
ret = read(0, &ch, 1);
if (ret == -1) {
if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR) {
continue;
} else {
break;
}
} else if (ret == 0) {
ret = -1;
break;
} else {
if (ch == '\r') {
ret = 0;
break;
}
if (i < (buf_size - 1))
buf[i++] = ch;
}
}
term_exit();
buf[i] = '\0';
printf("\n");
return ret;
}
#endif
static int print_block_option_help(const char *filename, const char *fmt)
{
BlockDriver *drv, *proto_drv;
QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
Error *local_err = NULL;
/* Find driver and parse its options */
drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
if (!drv) {
error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
return 1;
}
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, drv->create_opts);
if (filename) {
proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(filename, true, &local_err);
if (!proto_drv) {
error_report_err(local_err);
qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
return 1;
}
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, proto_drv->create_opts);
}
qemu_opts_print_help(create_opts);
qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
return 0;
}
static BlockBackend *img_open(const char *id, const char *filename,
const char *fmt, int flags,
bool require_io, bool quiet)
{
BlockBackend *blk;
BlockDriverState *bs;
char password[256];
Error *local_err = NULL;
QDict *options = NULL;
if (fmt) {
options = qdict_new();
qdict_put(options, "driver", qstring_from_str(fmt));
}
blk = blk_new_open(id, filename, NULL, options, flags, &local_err);
if (!blk) {
error_report("Could not open '%s': %s", filename,
error_get_pretty(local_err));
error_free(local_err);
goto fail;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs) && require_io) {
qprintf(quiet, "Disk image '%s' is encrypted.\n", filename);
if (read_password(password, sizeof(password)) < 0) {
error_report("No password given");
goto fail;
}
if (bdrv_set_key(bs, password) < 0) {
error_report("invalid password");
goto fail;
}
}
return blk;
fail:
blk_unref(blk);
return NULL;
}
static int add_old_style_options(const char *fmt, QemuOpts *opts,
const char *base_filename,
const char *base_fmt)
{
Error *err = NULL;
if (base_filename) {
qemu_opt_set(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE, base_filename, &err);
if (err) {
error_report("Backing file not supported for file format '%s'",
fmt);
error_free(err);
return -1;
}
}
if (base_fmt) {
qemu_opt_set(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT, base_fmt, &err);
if (err) {
error_report("Backing file format not supported for file "
"format '%s'", fmt);
error_free(err);
return -1;
}
}
return 0;
}
static int img_create(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c;
uint64_t img_size = -1;
const char *fmt = "raw";
const char *base_fmt = NULL;
const char *filename;
const char *base_filename = NULL;
char *options = NULL;
Error *local_err = NULL;
bool quiet = false;
for(;;) {
c = getopt(argc, argv, "F:b:f:he6o:q");
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'F':
base_fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'b':
base_filename = optarg;
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'e':
error_report("option -e is deprecated, please use \'-o "
"encryption\' instead!");
goto fail;
case '6':
error_report("option -6 is deprecated, please use \'-o "
"compat6\' instead!");
goto fail;
case 'o':
if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg)) {
error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg);
goto fail;
}
if (!options) {
options = g_strdup(optarg);
} else {
char *old_options = options;
options = g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", options, optarg);
g_free(old_options);
}
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
}
}
/* Get the filename */
filename = (optind < argc) ? argv[optind] : NULL;
if (options && has_help_option(options)) {
g_free(options);
return print_block_option_help(filename, fmt);
}
if (optind >= argc) {
error_exit("Expecting image file name");
}
optind++;
/* Get image size, if specified */
if (optind < argc) {
int64_t sval;
char *end;
sval = strtosz_suffix(argv[optind++], &end, STRTOSZ_DEFSUFFIX_B);
if (sval < 0 || *end) {
if (sval == -ERANGE) {
error_report("Image size must be less than 8 EiB!");
} else {
error_report("Invalid image size specified! You may use k, M, "
"G, T, P or E suffixes for ");
error_report("kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes, "
"petabytes and exabytes.");
}
goto fail;
}
img_size = (uint64_t)sval;
}
if (optind != argc) {
error_exit("Unexpected argument: %s", argv[optind]);
}
bdrv_img_create(filename, fmt, base_filename, base_fmt,
options, img_size, BDRV_O_FLAGS, &local_err, quiet);
if (local_err) {
error_report("%s: %s", filename, error_get_pretty(local_err));
error_free(local_err);
goto fail;
}
g_free(options);
return 0;
fail:
g_free(options);
return 1;
}
static void dump_json_image_check(ImageCheck *check, bool quiet)
{
Error *local_err = NULL;
QString *str;
QmpOutputVisitor *ov = qmp_output_visitor_new();
QObject *obj;
visit_type_ImageCheck(qmp_output_get_visitor(ov),
&check, NULL, &local_err);
obj = qmp_output_get_qobject(ov);
str = qobject_to_json_pretty(obj);
assert(str != NULL);
qprintf(quiet, "%s\n", qstring_get_str(str));
qobject_decref(obj);
qmp_output_visitor_cleanup(ov);
QDECREF(str);
}
static void dump_human_image_check(ImageCheck *check, bool quiet)
{
if (!(check->corruptions || check->leaks || check->check_errors)) {
qprintf(quiet, "No errors were found on the image.\n");
} else {
if (check->corruptions) {
qprintf(quiet, "\n%" PRId64 " errors were found on the image.\n"
"Data may be corrupted, or further writes to the image "
"may corrupt it.\n",
check->corruptions);
}
if (check->leaks) {
qprintf(quiet,
"\n%" PRId64 " leaked clusters were found on the image.\n"
"This means waste of disk space, but no harm to data.\n",
check->leaks);
}
if (check->check_errors) {
qprintf(quiet,
"\n%" PRId64
" internal errors have occurred during the check.\n",
check->check_errors);
}
}
if (check->total_clusters != 0 && check->allocated_clusters != 0) {
qprintf(quiet, "%" PRId64 "/%" PRId64 " = %0.2f%% allocated, "
"%0.2f%% fragmented, %0.2f%% compressed clusters\n",
check->allocated_clusters, check->total_clusters,
check->allocated_clusters * 100.0 / check->total_clusters,
check->fragmented_clusters * 100.0 / check->allocated_clusters,
check->compressed_clusters * 100.0 /
check->allocated_clusters);
}
if (check->image_end_offset) {
qprintf(quiet,
"Image end offset: %" PRId64 "\n", check->image_end_offset);
}
}
static int collect_image_check(BlockDriverState *bs,
ImageCheck *check,
const char *filename,
const char *fmt,
int fix)
{
int ret;
BdrvCheckResult result;
ret = bdrv_check(bs, &result, fix);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
check->filename = g_strdup(filename);
check->format = g_strdup(bdrv_get_format_name(bs));
check->check_errors = result.check_errors;
check->corruptions = result.corruptions;
check->has_corruptions = result.corruptions != 0;
check->leaks = result.leaks;
check->has_leaks = result.leaks != 0;
check->corruptions_fixed = result.corruptions_fixed;
check->has_corruptions_fixed = result.corruptions != 0;
check->leaks_fixed = result.leaks_fixed;
check->has_leaks_fixed = result.leaks != 0;
check->image_end_offset = result.image_end_offset;
check->has_image_end_offset = result.image_end_offset != 0;
check->total_clusters = result.bfi.total_clusters;
check->has_total_clusters = result.bfi.total_clusters != 0;
check->allocated_clusters = result.bfi.allocated_clusters;
check->has_allocated_clusters = result.bfi.allocated_clusters != 0;
check->fragmented_clusters = result.bfi.fragmented_clusters;
check->has_fragmented_clusters = result.bfi.fragmented_clusters != 0;
check->compressed_clusters = result.bfi.compressed_clusters;
check->has_compressed_clusters = result.bfi.compressed_clusters != 0;
return 0;
}
/*
* Checks an image for consistency. Exit codes:
*
* 0 - Check completed, image is good
* 1 - Check not completed because of internal errors
* 2 - Check completed, image is corrupted
* 3 - Check completed, image has leaked clusters, but is good otherwise
* 63 - Checks are not supported by the image format
*/
static int img_check(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c, ret;
OutputFormat output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
const char *filename, *fmt, *output, *cache;
BlockBackend *blk;
BlockDriverState *bs;
int fix = 0;
int flags = BDRV_O_FLAGS | BDRV_O_CHECK;
ImageCheck *check;
bool quiet = false;
fmt = NULL;
output = NULL;
cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
for(;;) {
int option_index = 0;
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"format", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
{"repair", required_argument, 0, 'r'},
{"output", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hf:r:T:q",
long_options, &option_index);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'r':
flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
if (!strcmp(optarg, "leaks")) {
fix = BDRV_FIX_LEAKS;
} else if (!strcmp(optarg, "all")) {
fix = BDRV_FIX_LEAKS | BDRV_FIX_ERRORS;
} else {
error_exit("Unknown option value for -r "
"(expecting 'leaks' or 'all'): %s", optarg);
}
break;
case OPTION_OUTPUT:
output = optarg;
break;
case 'T':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
if (output && !strcmp(output, "json")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
} else if (output && !strcmp(output, "human")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
} else if (output) {
error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
return 1;
}
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_flags(cache, &flags);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", cache);
return 1;
}
blk = img_open("image", filename, fmt, flags, true, quiet);
if (!blk) {
return 1;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
check = g_new0(ImageCheck, 1);
ret = collect_image_check(bs, check, filename, fmt, fix);
if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
error_report("This image format does not support checks");
ret = 63;
goto fail;
}
if (check->corruptions_fixed || check->leaks_fixed) {
int corruptions_fixed, leaks_fixed;
leaks_fixed = check->leaks_fixed;
corruptions_fixed = check->corruptions_fixed;
if (output_format == OFORMAT_HUMAN) {
qprintf(quiet,
"The following inconsistencies were found and repaired:\n\n"
" %" PRId64 " leaked clusters\n"
" %" PRId64 " corruptions\n\n"
"Double checking the fixed image now...\n",
check->leaks_fixed,
check->corruptions_fixed);
}
ret = collect_image_check(bs, check, filename, fmt, 0);
check->leaks_fixed = leaks_fixed;
check->corruptions_fixed = corruptions_fixed;
}
if (!ret) {
switch (output_format) {
case OFORMAT_HUMAN:
dump_human_image_check(check, quiet);
break;
case OFORMAT_JSON:
dump_json_image_check(check, quiet);
break;
}
}
if (ret || check->check_errors) {
if (ret) {
error_report("Check failed: %s", strerror(-ret));
} else {
error_report("Check failed");
}
ret = 1;
goto fail;
}
if (check->corruptions) {
ret = 2;
} else if (check->leaks) {
ret = 3;
} else {
ret = 0;
}
fail:
qapi_free_ImageCheck(check);
blk_unref(blk);
return ret;
}
typedef struct CommonBlockJobCBInfo {
BlockDriverState *bs;
Error **errp;
} CommonBlockJobCBInfo;
static void common_block_job_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
{
CommonBlockJobCBInfo *cbi = opaque;
if (ret < 0) {
error_setg_errno(cbi->errp, -ret, "Block job failed");
}
/* Drop this block job's reference */
bdrv_unref(cbi->bs);
}
static void run_block_job(BlockJob *job, Error **errp)
{
AioContext *aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(job->bs);
do {
aio_poll(aio_context, true);
qemu_progress_print((float)job->offset / job->len * 100.f, 0);
} while (!job->ready);
block_job_complete_sync(job, errp);
/* A block job may finish instantaneously without publishing any progress,
* so just signal completion here */
qemu_progress_print(100.f, 0);
}
static int img_commit(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c, ret, flags;
const char *filename, *fmt, *cache, *base;
BlockBackend *blk;
BlockDriverState *bs, *base_bs;
bool progress = false, quiet = false, drop = false;
Error *local_err = NULL;
CommonBlockJobCBInfo cbi;
fmt = NULL;
cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
base = NULL;
for(;;) {
c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:ht:b:dpq");
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 't':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'b':
base = optarg;
/* -b implies -d */
drop = true;
break;
case 'd':
drop = true;
break;
case 'p':
progress = true;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
}
}
/* Progress is not shown in Quiet mode */
if (quiet) {
progress = false;
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
flags = BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_UNMAP;
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_flags(cache, &flags);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
return 1;
}
blk = img_open("image", filename, fmt, flags, true, quiet);
if (!blk) {
return 1;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
qemu_progress_init(progress, 1.f);
qemu_progress_print(0.f, 100);
if (base) {
base_bs = bdrv_find_backing_image(bs, base);
if (!base_bs) {
error_set(&local_err, QERR_BASE_NOT_FOUND, base);
goto done;
}
} else {
/* This is different from QMP, which by default uses the deepest file in
* the backing chain (i.e., the very base); however, the traditional
* behavior of qemu-img commit is using the immediate backing file. */
base_bs = bs->backing_hd;
if (!base_bs) {
error_setg(&local_err, "Image does not have a backing file");
goto done;
}
}
cbi = (CommonBlockJobCBInfo){
.errp = &local_err,
.bs = bs,
};
commit_active_start(bs, base_bs, 0, BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT,
common_block_job_cb, &cbi, &local_err);
if (local_err) {
goto done;
}
/* The block job will swap base_bs and bs (which is not what we really want
* here, but okay) and unref base_bs (after the swap, i.e., the old top
* image). In order to still be able to empty that top image afterwards,
* increment the reference counter here preemptively. */
if (!drop) {
bdrv_ref(base_bs);
}
run_block_job(bs->job, &local_err);
if (local_err) {
goto unref_backing;
}
if (!drop && base_bs->drv->bdrv_make_empty) {
ret = base_bs->drv->bdrv_make_empty(base_bs);
if (ret) {
error_setg_errno(&local_err, -ret, "Could not empty %s",
filename);
goto unref_backing;
}
}
unref_backing:
if (!drop) {
bdrv_unref(base_bs);
}
done:
qemu_progress_end();
blk_unref(blk);
if (local_err) {
error_report_err(local_err);
return 1;
}
qprintf(quiet, "Image committed.\n");
return 0;
}
/*
* Returns true iff the first sector pointed to by 'buf' contains at least
* a non-NUL byte.
*
* 'pnum' is set to the number of sectors (including and immediately following
* the first one) that are known to be in the same allocated/unallocated state.
*/
static int is_allocated_sectors(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum)
{
bool is_zero;
int i;
if (n <= 0) {
*pnum = 0;
return 0;
}
is_zero = buffer_is_zero(buf, 512);
for(i = 1; i < n; i++) {
buf += 512;
if (is_zero != buffer_is_zero(buf, 512)) {
break;
}
}
*pnum = i;
return !is_zero;
}
/*
* Like is_allocated_sectors, but if the buffer starts with a used sector,
* up to 'min' consecutive sectors containing zeros are ignored. This avoids
* breaking up write requests for only small sparse areas.
*/
static int is_allocated_sectors_min(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum,
int min)
{
int ret;
int num_checked, num_used;
if (n < min) {
min = n;
}
ret = is_allocated_sectors(buf, n, pnum);
if (!ret) {
return ret;
}
num_used = *pnum;
buf += BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE * *pnum;
n -= *pnum;
num_checked = num_used;
while (n > 0) {
ret = is_allocated_sectors(buf, n, pnum);
buf += BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE * *pnum;
n -= *pnum;
num_checked += *pnum;
if (ret) {
num_used = num_checked;
} else if (*pnum >= min) {
break;
}
}
*pnum = num_used;
return 1;
}
/*
* Compares two buffers sector by sector. Returns 0 if the first sector of both
* buffers matches, non-zero otherwise.
*
* pnum is set to the number of sectors (including and immediately following
* the first one) that are known to have the same comparison result
*/
static int compare_sectors(const uint8_t *buf1, const uint8_t *buf2, int n,
int *pnum)
{
bool res;
int i;
if (n <= 0) {
*pnum = 0;
return 0;
}
res = !!memcmp(buf1, buf2, 512);
for(i = 1; i < n; i++) {
buf1 += 512;
buf2 += 512;
if (!!memcmp(buf1, buf2, 512) != res) {
break;
}
}
*pnum = i;
return res;
}
#define IO_BUF_SIZE (2 * 1024 * 1024)
static int64_t sectors_to_bytes(int64_t sectors)
{
return sectors << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
}
static int64_t sectors_to_process(int64_t total, int64_t from)
{
return MIN(total - from, IO_BUF_SIZE >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
}
/*
* Check if passed sectors are empty (not allocated or contain only 0 bytes)
*
* Returns 0 in case sectors are filled with 0, 1 if sectors contain non-zero
* data and negative value on error.
*
* @param blk: BlockBackend for the image
* @param sect_num: Number of first sector to check
* @param sect_count: Number of sectors to check
* @param filename: Name of disk file we are checking (logging purpose)
* @param buffer: Allocated buffer for storing read data
* @param quiet: Flag for quiet mode
*/
static int check_empty_sectors(BlockBackend *blk, int64_t sect_num,
int sect_count, const char *filename,
uint8_t *buffer, bool quiet)
{
int pnum, ret = 0;
ret = blk_read(blk, sect_num, buffer, sect_count);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64 " of %s: %s",
sectors_to_bytes(sect_num), filename, strerror(-ret));
return ret;
}
ret = is_allocated_sectors(buffer, sect_count, &pnum);
if (ret || pnum != sect_count) {
qprintf(quiet, "Content mismatch at offset %" PRId64 "!\n",
sectors_to_bytes(ret ? sect_num : sect_num + pnum));
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Compares two images. Exit codes:
*
* 0 - Images are identical
* 1 - Images differ
* >1 - Error occurred
*/
static int img_compare(int argc, char **argv)
{
const char *fmt1 = NULL, *fmt2 = NULL, *cache, *filename1, *filename2;
BlockBackend *blk1, *blk2;
BlockDriverState *bs1, *bs2;
int64_t total_sectors1, total_sectors2;
uint8_t *buf1 = NULL, *buf2 = NULL;
int pnum1, pnum2;
int allocated1, allocated2;
int ret = 0; /* return value - 0 Ident, 1 Different, >1 Error */
bool progress = false, quiet = false, strict = false;
int flags;
int64_t total_sectors;
int64_t sector_num = 0;
int64_t nb_sectors;
int c, pnum;
uint64_t progress_base;
cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
for (;;) {
c = getopt(argc, argv, "hf:F:T:pqs");
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch (c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt1 = optarg;
break;
case 'F':
fmt2 = optarg;
break;
case 'T':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'p':
progress = true;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case 's':
strict = true;
break;
}
}
/* Progress is not shown in Quiet mode */
if (quiet) {
progress = false;
}
if (optind != argc - 2) {
error_exit("Expecting two image file names");
}
filename1 = argv[optind++];
filename2 = argv[optind++];
/* Initialize before goto out */
qemu_progress_init(progress, 2.0);
flags = BDRV_O_FLAGS;
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_flags(cache, &flags);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", cache);
ret = 2;
goto out3;
}
blk1 = img_open("image_1", filename1, fmt1, flags, true, quiet);
if (!blk1) {
ret = 2;
goto out3;
}
bs1 = blk_bs(blk1);
blk2 = img_open("image_2", filename2, fmt2, flags, true, quiet);
if (!blk2) {
ret = 2;
goto out2;
}
bs2 = blk_bs(blk2);
buf1 = blk_blockalign(blk1, IO_BUF_SIZE);
buf2 = blk_blockalign(blk2, IO_BUF_SIZE);
total_sectors1 = blk_nb_sectors(blk1);
if (total_sectors1 < 0) {
error_report("Can't get size of %s: %s",
filename1, strerror(-total_sectors1));
ret = 4;
goto out;
}
total_sectors2 = blk_nb_sectors(blk2);
if (total_sectors2 < 0) {
error_report("Can't get size of %s: %s",
filename2, strerror(-total_sectors2));
ret = 4;
goto out;
}
total_sectors = MIN(total_sectors1, total_sectors2);
progress_base = MAX(total_sectors1, total_sectors2);
qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
if (strict && total_sectors1 != total_sectors2) {
ret = 1;
qprintf(quiet, "Strict mode: Image size mismatch!\n");
goto out;
}
for (;;) {
nb_sectors = sectors_to_process(total_sectors, sector_num);
if (nb_sectors <= 0) {
break;
}
allocated1 = bdrv_is_allocated_above(bs1, NULL, sector_num, nb_sectors,
&pnum1);
if (allocated1 < 0) {
ret = 3;
error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s", filename1);
goto out;
}
allocated2 = bdrv_is_allocated_above(bs2, NULL, sector_num, nb_sectors,
&pnum2);
if (allocated2 < 0) {
ret = 3;
error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s", filename2);
goto out;
}
nb_sectors = MIN(pnum1, pnum2);
if (allocated1 == allocated2) {
if (allocated1) {
ret = blk_read(blk1, sector_num, buf1, nb_sectors);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64 " of %s:"
" %s", sectors_to_bytes(sector_num), filename1,
strerror(-ret));
ret = 4;
goto out;
}
ret = blk_read(blk2, sector_num, buf2, nb_sectors);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
" of %s: %s", sectors_to_bytes(sector_num),
filename2, strerror(-ret));
ret = 4;
goto out;
}
ret = compare_sectors(buf1, buf2, nb_sectors, &pnum);
if (ret || pnum != nb_sectors) {
qprintf(quiet, "Content mismatch at offset %" PRId64 "!\n",
sectors_to_bytes(
ret ? sector_num : sector_num + pnum));
ret = 1;
goto out;
}
}
} else {
if (strict) {
ret = 1;
qprintf(quiet, "Strict mode: Offset %" PRId64
" allocation mismatch!\n",
sectors_to_bytes(sector_num));
goto out;
}
if (allocated1) {
ret = check_empty_sectors(blk1, sector_num, nb_sectors,
filename1, buf1, quiet);
} else {
ret = check_empty_sectors(blk2, sector_num, nb_sectors,
filename2, buf1, quiet);
}
if (ret) {
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64 ": %s",
sectors_to_bytes(sector_num), strerror(-ret));
ret = 4;
}
goto out;
}
}
sector_num += nb_sectors;
qemu_progress_print(((float) nb_sectors / progress_base)*100, 100);
}
if (total_sectors1 != total_sectors2) {
BlockBackend *blk_over;
int64_t total_sectors_over;
const char *filename_over;
qprintf(quiet, "Warning: Image size mismatch!\n");
if (total_sectors1 > total_sectors2) {
total_sectors_over = total_sectors1;
blk_over = blk1;
filename_over = filename1;
} else {
total_sectors_over = total_sectors2;
blk_over = blk2;
filename_over = filename2;
}
for (;;) {
nb_sectors = sectors_to_process(total_sectors_over, sector_num);
if (nb_sectors <= 0) {
break;
}
ret = bdrv_is_allocated_above(blk_bs(blk_over), NULL, sector_num,
nb_sectors, &pnum);
if (ret < 0) {
ret = 3;
error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s",
filename_over);
goto out;
}
nb_sectors = pnum;
if (ret) {
ret = check_empty_sectors(blk_over, sector_num, nb_sectors,
filename_over, buf1, quiet);
if (ret) {
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
" of %s: %s", sectors_to_bytes(sector_num),
filename_over, strerror(-ret));
ret = 4;
}
goto out;
}
}
sector_num += nb_sectors;
qemu_progress_print(((float) nb_sectors / progress_base)*100, 100);
}
}
qprintf(quiet, "Images are identical.\n");
ret = 0;
out:
qemu_vfree(buf1);
qemu_vfree(buf2);
blk_unref(blk2);
out2:
blk_unref(blk1);
out3:
qemu_progress_end();
return ret;
}
enum ImgConvertBlockStatus {
BLK_DATA,
BLK_ZERO,
BLK_BACKING_FILE,
};
typedef struct ImgConvertState {
BlockBackend **src;
int64_t *src_sectors;
int src_cur, src_num;
int64_t src_cur_offset;
int64_t total_sectors;
int64_t allocated_sectors;
enum ImgConvertBlockStatus status;
int64_t sector_next_status;
BlockBackend *target;
bool has_zero_init;
bool compressed;
bool target_has_backing;
int min_sparse;
size_t cluster_sectors;
size_t buf_sectors;
} ImgConvertState;
static void convert_select_part(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num)
{
assert(sector_num >= s->src_cur_offset);
while (sector_num - s->src_cur_offset >= s->src_sectors[s->src_cur]) {
s->src_cur_offset += s->src_sectors[s->src_cur];
s->src_cur++;
assert(s->src_cur < s->src_num);
}
}
static int convert_iteration_sectors(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num)
{
int64_t ret;
int n;
convert_select_part(s, sector_num);
assert(s->total_sectors > sector_num);
n = MIN(s->total_sectors - sector_num, BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_SECTORS);
if (s->sector_next_status <= sector_num) {
ret = bdrv_get_block_status(blk_bs(s->src[s->src_cur]),
sector_num - s->src_cur_offset,
n, &n);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
if (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) {
s->status = BLK_ZERO;
} else if (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_DATA) {
s->status = BLK_DATA;
} else if (!s->target_has_backing) {
/* Without a target backing file we must copy over the contents of
* the backing file as well. */
/* TODO Check block status of the backing file chain to avoid
* needlessly reading zeroes and limiting the iteration to the
* buffer size */
s->status = BLK_DATA;
} else {
s->status = BLK_BACKING_FILE;
}
s->sector_next_status = sector_num + n;
}
n = MIN(n, s->sector_next_status - sector_num);
if (s->status == BLK_DATA) {
n = MIN(n, s->buf_sectors);
}
/* We need to write complete clusters for compressed images, so if an
* unallocated area is shorter than that, we must consider the whole
* cluster allocated. */
if (s->compressed) {
if (n < s->cluster_sectors) {
n = MIN(s->cluster_sectors, s->total_sectors - sector_num);
s->status = BLK_DATA;
} else {
n = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(n, s->cluster_sectors);
}
}
return n;
}
static int convert_read(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors,
uint8_t *buf)
{
int n;
int ret;
if (s->status == BLK_ZERO || s->status == BLK_BACKING_FILE) {
return 0;
}
assert(nb_sectors <= s->buf_sectors);
while (nb_sectors > 0) {
BlockBackend *blk;
int64_t bs_sectors;
/* In the case of compression with multiple source files, we can get a
* nb_sectors that spreads into the next part. So we must be able to
* read across multiple BDSes for one convert_read() call. */
convert_select_part(s, sector_num);
blk = s->src[s->src_cur];
bs_sectors = s->src_sectors[s->src_cur];
n = MIN(nb_sectors, bs_sectors - (sector_num - s->src_cur_offset));
ret = blk_read(blk, sector_num - s->src_cur_offset, buf, n);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
sector_num += n;
nb_sectors -= n;
buf += n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
}
return 0;
}
static int convert_write(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors,
const uint8_t *buf)
{
int ret;
while (nb_sectors > 0) {
int n = nb_sectors;
switch (s->status) {
case BLK_BACKING_FILE:
/* If we have a backing file, leave clusters unallocated that are
* unallocated in the source image, so that the backing file is
* visible at the respective offset. */
assert(s->target_has_backing);
break;
case BLK_DATA:
/* We must always write compressed clusters as a whole, so don't
* try to find zeroed parts in the buffer. We can only save the
* write if the buffer is completely zeroed and we're allowed to
* keep the target sparse. */
if (s->compressed) {
if (s->has_zero_init && s->min_sparse &&
buffer_is_zero(buf, n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE))
{
assert(!s->target_has_backing);
break;
}
ret = blk_write_compressed(s->target, sector_num, buf, n);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
break;
}
/* If there is real non-zero data or we're told to keep the target
* fully allocated (-S 0), we must write it. Otherwise we can treat
* it as zero sectors. */
if (!s->min_sparse ||
is_allocated_sectors_min(buf, n, &n, s->min_sparse))
{
ret = blk_write(s->target, sector_num, buf, n);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
break;
}
/* fall-through */
case BLK_ZERO:
if (s->has_zero_init) {
break;
}
ret = blk_write_zeroes(s->target, sector_num, n, 0);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
break;
}
sector_num += n;
nb_sectors -= n;
buf += n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
}
return 0;
}
static int convert_do_copy(ImgConvertState *s)
{
uint8_t *buf = NULL;
int64_t sector_num, allocated_done;
int ret;
int n;
/* Check whether we have zero initialisation or can get it efficiently */
s->has_zero_init = s->min_sparse && !s->target_has_backing
? bdrv_has_zero_init(blk_bs(s->target))
: false;
if (!s->has_zero_init && !s->target_has_backing &&
bdrv_can_write_zeroes_with_unmap(blk_bs(s->target)))
{
ret = bdrv_make_zero(blk_bs(s->target), BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP);
if (ret == 0) {
s->has_zero_init = true;
}
}
/* Allocate buffer for copied data. For compressed images, only one cluster
* can be copied at a time. */
if (s->compressed) {
if (s->cluster_sectors <= 0 || s->cluster_sectors > s->buf_sectors) {
error_report("invalid cluster size");
ret = -EINVAL;
goto fail;
}
s->buf_sectors = s->cluster_sectors;
}
buf = blk_blockalign(s->target, s->buf_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
/* Calculate allocated sectors for progress */
s->allocated_sectors = 0;
sector_num = 0;
while (sector_num < s->total_sectors) {
n = convert_iteration_sectors(s, sector_num);
if (n < 0) {
ret = n;
goto fail;
}
if (s->status == BLK_DATA) {
s->allocated_sectors += n;
}
sector_num += n;
}
/* Do the copy */
s->src_cur = 0;
s->src_cur_offset = 0;
s->sector_next_status = 0;
sector_num = 0;
allocated_done = 0;
while (sector_num < s->total_sectors) {
n = convert_iteration_sectors(s, sector_num);
if (n < 0) {
ret = n;
goto fail;
}
if (s->status == BLK_DATA) {
allocated_done += n;
qemu_progress_print(100.0 * allocated_done / s->allocated_sectors,
0);
}
ret = convert_read(s, sector_num, n, buf);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("error while reading sector %" PRId64
": %s", sector_num, strerror(-ret));
goto fail;
}
ret = convert_write(s, sector_num, n, buf);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("error while writing sector %" PRId64
": %s", sector_num, strerror(-ret));
goto fail;
}
sector_num += n;
}
if (s->compressed) {
/* signal EOF to align */
ret = blk_write_compressed(s->target, 0, NULL, 0);
if (ret < 0) {
goto fail;
}
}
ret = 0;
fail:
qemu_vfree(buf);
return ret;
}
static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c, bs_n, bs_i, compress, cluster_sectors, skip_create;
int64_t ret = 0;
int progress = 0, flags, src_flags;
const char *fmt, *out_fmt, *cache, *src_cache, *out_baseimg, *out_filename;
BlockDriver *drv, *proto_drv;
BlockBackend **blk = NULL, *out_blk = NULL;
BlockDriverState **bs = NULL, *out_bs = NULL;
int64_t total_sectors;
int64_t *bs_sectors = NULL;
size_t bufsectors = IO_BUF_SIZE / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
BlockDriverInfo bdi;
QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
const char *out_baseimg_param;
char *options = NULL;
const char *snapshot_name = NULL;
int min_sparse = 8; /* Need at least 4k of zeros for sparse detection */
bool quiet = false;
Error *local_err = NULL;
QemuOpts *sn_opts = NULL;
ImgConvertState state;
fmt = NULL;
out_fmt = "raw";
cache = "unsafe";
src_cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
out_baseimg = NULL;
compress = 0;
skip_create = 0;
for(;;) {
c = getopt(argc, argv, "hf:O:B:ce6o:s:l:S:pt:T:qn");
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'O':
out_fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'B':
out_baseimg = optarg;
break;
case 'c':
compress = 1;
break;
case 'e':
error_report("option -e is deprecated, please use \'-o "
"encryption\' instead!");
ret = -1;
goto fail_getopt;
case '6':
error_report("option -6 is deprecated, please use \'-o "
"compat6\' instead!");
ret = -1;
goto fail_getopt;
case 'o':
if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg)) {
error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg);
ret = -1;
goto fail_getopt;
}
if (!options) {
options = g_strdup(optarg);
} else {
char *old_options = options;
options = g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", options, optarg);
g_free(old_options);
}
break;
case 's':
snapshot_name = optarg;
break;
case 'l':
if (strstart(optarg, SNAPSHOT_OPT_BASE, NULL)) {
sn_opts = qemu_opts_parse(&internal_snapshot_opts, optarg, 0);
if (!sn_opts) {
error_report("Failed in parsing snapshot param '%s'",
optarg);
ret = -1;
goto fail_getopt;
}
} else {
snapshot_name = optarg;
}
break;
case 'S':
{
int64_t sval;
char *end;
sval = strtosz_suffix(optarg, &end, STRTOSZ_DEFSUFFIX_B);
if (sval < 0 || *end) {
error_report("Invalid minimum zero buffer size for sparse output specified");
ret = -1;
goto fail_getopt;
}
min_sparse = sval / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
break;
}
case 'p':
progress = 1;
break;
case 't':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'T':
src_cache = optarg;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case 'n':
skip_create = 1;
break;
}
}
/* Initialize before goto out */
if (quiet) {
progress = 0;
}
qemu_progress_init(progress, 1.0);
bs_n = argc - optind - 1;
out_filename = bs_n >= 1 ? argv[argc - 1] : NULL;
if (options && has_help_option(options)) {
ret = print_block_option_help(out_filename, out_fmt);
goto out;
}
if (bs_n < 1) {
error_exit("Must specify image file name");
}
if (bs_n > 1 && out_baseimg) {
error_report("-B makes no sense when concatenating multiple input "
"images");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
src_flags = BDRV_O_FLAGS;
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_flags(src_cache, &src_flags);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", src_cache);
goto out;
}
qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
blk = g_new0(BlockBackend *, bs_n);
bs = g_new0(BlockDriverState *, bs_n);
bs_sectors = g_new(int64_t, bs_n);
total_sectors = 0;
for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < bs_n; bs_i++) {
char *id = bs_n > 1 ? g_strdup_printf("source_%d", bs_i)
: g_strdup("source");
blk[bs_i] = img_open(id, argv[optind + bs_i], fmt, src_flags,
true, quiet);
g_free(id);
if (!blk[bs_i]) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
bs[bs_i] = blk_bs(blk[bs_i]);
bs_sectors[bs_i] = blk_nb_sectors(blk[bs_i]);
if (bs_sectors[bs_i] < 0) {
error_report("Could not get size of %s: %s",
argv[optind + bs_i], strerror(-bs_sectors[bs_i]));
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
total_sectors += bs_sectors[bs_i];
}
if (sn_opts) {
ret = bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp(bs[0],
qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_ID),
qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_NAME),
&local_err);
} else if (snapshot_name != NULL) {
if (bs_n > 1) {
error_report("No support for concatenating multiple snapshot");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp_by_id_or_name(bs[0], snapshot_name, &local_err);
}
if (local_err) {
error_report("Failed to load snapshot: %s",
error_get_pretty(local_err));
error_free(local_err);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
/* Find driver and parse its options */
drv = bdrv_find_format(out_fmt);
if (!drv) {
error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", out_fmt);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(out_filename, true, &local_err);
if (!proto_drv) {
error_report_err(local_err);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (!skip_create) {
if (!drv->create_opts) {
error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation",
drv->format_name);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (!proto_drv->create_opts) {
error_report("Protocol driver '%s' does not support image creation",
proto_drv->format_name);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, drv->create_opts);
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, proto_drv->create_opts);
opts = qemu_opts_create(create_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
if (options) {
qemu_opts_do_parse(opts, options, NULL, &local_err);
if (local_err) {
error_report_err(local_err);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
qemu_opt_set_number(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, total_sectors * 512,
&error_abort);
ret = add_old_style_options(out_fmt, opts, out_baseimg, NULL);
if (ret < 0) {
goto out;
}
}
/* Get backing file name if -o backing_file was used */
out_baseimg_param = qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE);
if (out_baseimg_param) {
out_baseimg = out_baseimg_param;
}
/* Check if compression is supported */
if (compress) {
bool encryption =
qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT, false);
const char *preallocation =
qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC);
if (!drv->bdrv_write_compressed) {
error_report("Compression not supported for this file format");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (encryption) {
error_report("Compression and encryption not supported at "
"the same time");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (preallocation
&& strcmp(preallocation, "off"))
{
error_report("Compression and preallocation not supported at "
"the same time");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
if (!skip_create) {
/* Create the new image */
ret = bdrv_create(drv, out_filename, opts, &local_err);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("%s: error while converting %s: %s",
out_filename, out_fmt, error_get_pretty(local_err));
error_free(local_err);
goto out;
}
}
flags = min_sparse ? (BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_UNMAP) : BDRV_O_RDWR;
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_flags(cache, &flags);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
goto out;
}
out_blk = img_open("target", out_filename, out_fmt, flags, true, quiet);
if (!out_blk) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
out_bs = blk_bs(out_blk);
/* increase bufsectors from the default 4096 (2M) if opt_transfer_length
* or discard_alignment of the out_bs is greater. Limit to 32768 (16MB)
* as maximum. */
bufsectors = MIN(32768,
MAX(bufsectors, MAX(out_bs->bl.opt_transfer_length,
out_bs->bl.discard_alignment))
);
if (skip_create) {
int64_t output_sectors = blk_nb_sectors(out_blk);
if (output_sectors < 0) {
error_report("unable to get output image length: %s",
strerror(-output_sectors));
ret = -1;
goto out;
} else if (output_sectors < total_sectors) {
error_report("output file is smaller than input file");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
cluster_sectors = 0;
ret = bdrv_get_info(out_bs, &bdi);
if (ret < 0) {
if (compress) {
error_report("could not get block driver info");
goto out;
}
} else {
compress = compress || bdi.needs_compressed_writes;
cluster_sectors = bdi.cluster_size / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
}
state = (ImgConvertState) {
.src = blk,
.src_sectors = bs_sectors,
.src_num = bs_n,
.total_sectors = total_sectors,
.target = out_blk,
.compressed = compress,
.target_has_backing = (bool) out_baseimg,
.min_sparse = min_sparse,
.cluster_sectors = cluster_sectors,
.buf_sectors = bufsectors,
};
ret = convert_do_copy(&state);
out:
if (!ret) {
qemu_progress_print(100, 0);
}
qemu_progress_end();
qemu_opts_del(opts);
qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
qemu_opts_del(sn_opts);
blk_unref(out_blk);
g_free(bs);
if (blk) {
for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < bs_n; bs_i++) {
blk_unref(blk[bs_i]);
}
g_free(blk);
}
g_free(bs_sectors);
fail_getopt:
g_free(options);
if (ret) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static void dump_snapshots(BlockDriverState *bs)
{
QEMUSnapshotInfo *sn_tab, *sn;
int nb_sns, i;
nb_sns = bdrv_snapshot_list(bs, &sn_tab);
if (nb_sns <= 0)
return;
printf("Snapshot list:\n");
bdrv_snapshot_dump(fprintf, stdout, NULL);
printf("\n");
for(i = 0; i < nb_sns; i++) {
sn = &sn_tab[i];
bdrv_snapshot_dump(fprintf, stdout, sn);
printf("\n");
}
g_free(sn_tab);
}
static void dump_json_image_info_list(ImageInfoList *list)
{
Error *local_err = NULL;
QString *str;
QmpOutputVisitor *ov = qmp_output_visitor_new();
QObject *obj;
visit_type_ImageInfoList(qmp_output_get_visitor(ov),
&list, NULL, &local_err);
obj = qmp_output_get_qobject(ov);
str = qobject_to_json_pretty(obj);
assert(str != NULL);
printf("%s\n", qstring_get_str(str));
qobject_decref(obj);
qmp_output_visitor_cleanup(ov);
QDECREF(str);
}
static void dump_json_image_info(ImageInfo *info)
{
Error *local_err = NULL;
QString *str;
QmpOutputVisitor *ov = qmp_output_visitor_new();
QObject *obj;
visit_type_ImageInfo(qmp_output_get_visitor(ov),
&info, NULL, &local_err);
obj = qmp_output_get_qobject(ov);
str = qobject_to_json_pretty(obj);
assert(str != NULL);
printf("%s\n", qstring_get_str(str));
qobject_decref(obj);
qmp_output_visitor_cleanup(ov);
QDECREF(str);
}
static void dump_human_image_info_list(ImageInfoList *list)
{
ImageInfoList *elem;
bool delim = false;
for (elem = list; elem; elem = elem->next) {
if (delim) {
printf("\n");
}
delim = true;
bdrv_image_info_dump(fprintf, stdout, elem->value);
}
}
static gboolean str_equal_func(gconstpointer a, gconstpointer b)
{
return strcmp(a, b) == 0;
}
/**
* Open an image file chain and return an ImageInfoList
*
* @filename: topmost image filename
* @fmt: topmost image format (may be NULL to autodetect)
* @chain: true - enumerate entire backing file chain
* false - only topmost image file
*
* Returns a list of ImageInfo objects or NULL if there was an error opening an
* image file. If there was an error a message will have been printed to
* stderr.
*/
static ImageInfoList *collect_image_info_list(const char *filename,
const char *fmt,
bool chain)
{
ImageInfoList *head = NULL;
ImageInfoList **last = &head;
GHashTable *filenames;
Error *err = NULL;
filenames = g_hash_table_new_full(g_str_hash, str_equal_func, NULL, NULL);
while (filename) {
BlockBackend *blk;
BlockDriverState *bs;
ImageInfo *info;
ImageInfoList *elem;
if (g_hash_table_lookup_extended(filenames, filename, NULL, NULL)) {
error_report("Backing file '%s' creates an infinite loop.",
filename);
goto err;
}
g_hash_table_insert(filenames, (gpointer)filename, NULL);
blk = img_open("image", filename, fmt,
BDRV_O_FLAGS | BDRV_O_NO_BACKING, false, false);
if (!blk) {
goto err;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
bdrv_query_image_info(bs, &info, &err);
if (err) {
error_report_err(err);
blk_unref(blk);
goto err;
}
elem = g_new0(ImageInfoList, 1);
elem->value = info;
*last = elem;
last = &elem->next;
blk_unref(blk);
filename = fmt = NULL;
if (chain) {
if (info->has_full_backing_filename) {
filename = info->full_backing_filename;
} else if (info->has_backing_filename) {
filename = info->backing_filename;
}
if (info->has_backing_filename_format) {
fmt = info->backing_filename_format;
}
}
}
g_hash_table_destroy(filenames);
return head;
err:
qapi_free_ImageInfoList(head);
g_hash_table_destroy(filenames);
return NULL;
}
static int img_info(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c;
OutputFormat output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
bool chain = false;
const char *filename, *fmt, *output;
ImageInfoList *list;
fmt = NULL;
output = NULL;
for(;;) {
int option_index = 0;
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"format", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
{"output", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT},
{"backing-chain", no_argument, 0, OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "f:h",
long_options, &option_index);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case OPTION_OUTPUT:
output = optarg;
break;
case OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN:
chain = true;
break;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
if (output && !strcmp(output, "json")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
} else if (output && !strcmp(output, "human")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
} else if (output) {
error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
return 1;
}
list = collect_image_info_list(filename, fmt, chain);
if (!list) {
return 1;
}
switch (output_format) {
case OFORMAT_HUMAN:
dump_human_image_info_list(list);
break;
case OFORMAT_JSON:
if (chain) {
dump_json_image_info_list(list);
} else {
dump_json_image_info(list->value);
}
break;
}
qapi_free_ImageInfoList(list);
return 0;
}
typedef struct MapEntry {
int flags;
int depth;
int64_t start;
int64_t length;
int64_t offset;
BlockDriverState *bs;
} MapEntry;
static void dump_map_entry(OutputFormat output_format, MapEntry *e,
MapEntry *next)
{
switch (output_format) {
case OFORMAT_HUMAN:
if ((e->flags & BDRV_BLOCK_DATA) &&
!(e->flags & BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID)) {
error_report("File contains external, encrypted or compressed clusters.");
exit(1);
}
if ((e->flags & (BDRV_BLOCK_DATA|BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO)) == BDRV_BLOCK_DATA) {
printf("%#-16"PRIx64"%#-16"PRIx64"%#-16"PRIx64"%s\n",
e->start, e->length, e->offset, e->bs->filename);
}
/* This format ignores the distinction between 0, ZERO and ZERO|DATA.
* Modify the flags here to allow more coalescing.
*/
if (next &&
(next->flags & (BDRV_BLOCK_DATA|BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO)) != BDRV_BLOCK_DATA) {
next->flags &= ~BDRV_BLOCK_DATA;
next->flags |= BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO;
}
break;
case OFORMAT_JSON:
printf("%s{ \"start\": %"PRId64", \"length\": %"PRId64", \"depth\": %d,"
" \"zero\": %s, \"data\": %s",
(e->start == 0 ? "[" : ",\n"),
e->start, e->length, e->depth,
(e->flags & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) ? "true" : "false",
(e->flags & BDRV_BLOCK_DATA) ? "true" : "false");
if (e->flags & BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID) {
printf(", \"offset\": %"PRId64"", e->offset);
}
putchar('}');
if (!next) {
printf("]\n");
}
break;
}
}
static int get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
int nb_sectors, MapEntry *e)
{
int64_t ret;
int depth;
/* As an optimization, we could cache the current range of unallocated
* clusters in each file of the chain, and avoid querying the same
* range repeatedly.
*/
depth = 0;
for (;;) {
ret = bdrv_get_block_status(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, &nb_sectors);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
assert(nb_sectors);
if (ret & (BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO|BDRV_BLOCK_DATA)) {
break;
}
bs = bs->backing_hd;
if (bs == NULL) {
ret = 0;
break;
}
depth++;
}
e->start = sector_num * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
e->length = nb_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
e->flags = ret & ~BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_MASK;
e->offset = ret & BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_MASK;
e->depth = depth;
e->bs = bs;
return 0;
}
static int img_map(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c;
OutputFormat output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
BlockBackend *blk;
BlockDriverState *bs;
const char *filename, *fmt, *output;
int64_t length;
MapEntry curr = { .length = 0 }, next;
int ret = 0;
fmt = NULL;
output = NULL;
for (;;) {
int option_index = 0;
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"format", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
{"output", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "f:h",
long_options, &option_index);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch (c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case OPTION_OUTPUT:
output = optarg;
break;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[optind];
if (output && !strcmp(output, "json")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
} else if (output && !strcmp(output, "human")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
} else if (output) {
error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
return 1;
}
blk = img_open("image", filename, fmt, BDRV_O_FLAGS, true, false);
if (!blk) {
return 1;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
if (output_format == OFORMAT_HUMAN) {
printf("%-16s%-16s%-16s%s\n", "Offset", "Length", "Mapped to", "File");
}
length = blk_getlength(blk);
while (curr.start + curr.length < length) {
int64_t nsectors_left;
int64_t sector_num;
int n;
sector_num = (curr.start + curr.length) >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
/* Probe up to 1 GiB at a time. */
nsectors_left = DIV_ROUND_UP(length, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) - sector_num;
n = MIN(1 << (30 - BDRV_SECTOR_BITS), nsectors_left);
ret = get_block_status(bs, sector_num, n, &next);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Could not read file metadata: %s", strerror(-ret));
goto out;
}
if (curr.length != 0 && curr.flags == next.flags &&
curr.depth == next.depth &&
((curr.flags & BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID) == 0 ||
curr.offset + curr.length == next.offset)) {
curr.length += next.length;
continue;
}
if (curr.length > 0) {
dump_map_entry(output_format, &curr, &next);
}
curr = next;
}
dump_map_entry(output_format, &curr, NULL);
out:
blk_unref(blk);
return ret < 0;
}
#define SNAPSHOT_LIST 1
#define SNAPSHOT_CREATE 2
#define SNAPSHOT_APPLY 3
#define SNAPSHOT_DELETE 4
static int img_snapshot(int argc, char **argv)
{
BlockBackend *blk;
BlockDriverState *bs;
QEMUSnapshotInfo sn;
char *filename, *snapshot_name = NULL;
int c, ret = 0, bdrv_oflags;
int action = 0;
qemu_timeval tv;
bool quiet = false;
Error *err = NULL;
bdrv_oflags = BDRV_O_FLAGS | BDRV_O_RDWR;
/* Parse commandline parameters */
for(;;) {
c = getopt(argc, argv, "la:c:d:hq");
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
return 0;
case 'l':
if (action) {
error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
return 0;
}
action = SNAPSHOT_LIST;
bdrv_oflags &= ~BDRV_O_RDWR; /* no need for RW */
break;
case 'a':
if (action) {
error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
return 0;
}
action = SNAPSHOT_APPLY;
snapshot_name = optarg;
break;
case 'c':
if (action) {
error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
return 0;
}
action = SNAPSHOT_CREATE;
snapshot_name = optarg;
break;
case 'd':
if (action) {
error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
return 0;
}
action = SNAPSHOT_DELETE;
snapshot_name = optarg;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
/* Open the image */
blk = img_open("image", filename, NULL, bdrv_oflags, true, quiet);
if (!blk) {
return 1;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
/* Perform the requested action */
switch(action) {
case SNAPSHOT_LIST:
dump_snapshots(bs);
break;
case SNAPSHOT_CREATE:
memset(&sn, 0, sizeof(sn));
pstrcpy(sn.name, sizeof(sn.name), snapshot_name);
qemu_gettimeofday(&tv);
sn.date_sec = tv.tv_sec;
sn.date_nsec = tv.tv_usec * 1000;
ret = bdrv_snapshot_create(bs, &sn);
if (ret) {
error_report("Could not create snapshot '%s': %d (%s)",
snapshot_name, ret, strerror(-ret));
}
break;
case SNAPSHOT_APPLY:
ret = bdrv_snapshot_goto(bs, snapshot_name);
if (ret) {
error_report("Could not apply snapshot '%s': %d (%s)",
snapshot_name, ret, strerror(-ret));
}
break;
case SNAPSHOT_DELETE:
bdrv_snapshot_delete_by_id_or_name(bs, snapshot_name, &err);
if (err) {
error_report("Could not delete snapshot '%s': (%s)",
snapshot_name, error_get_pretty(err));
error_free(err);
ret = 1;
}
break;
}
/* Cleanup */
blk_unref(blk);
if (ret) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static int img_rebase(int argc, char **argv)
{
BlockBackend *blk = NULL, *blk_old_backing = NULL, *blk_new_backing = NULL;
BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
char *filename;
const char *fmt, *cache, *src_cache, *out_basefmt, *out_baseimg;
int c, flags, src_flags, ret;
int unsafe = 0;
int progress = 0;
bool quiet = false;
Error *local_err = NULL;
/* Parse commandline parameters */
fmt = NULL;
cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
src_cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
out_baseimg = NULL;
out_basefmt = NULL;
for(;;) {
c = getopt(argc, argv, "hf:F:b:upt:T:q");
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
return 0;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'F':
out_basefmt = optarg;
break;
case 'b':
out_baseimg = optarg;
break;
case 'u':
unsafe = 1;
break;
case 'p':
progress = 1;
break;
case 't':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'T':
src_cache = optarg;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
}
}
if (quiet) {
progress = 0;
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
if (!unsafe && !out_baseimg) {
error_exit("Must specify backing file (-b) or use unsafe mode (-u)");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
qemu_progress_init(progress, 2.0);
qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
flags = BDRV_O_RDWR | (unsafe ? BDRV_O_NO_BACKING : 0);
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_flags(cache, &flags);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
goto out;
}
src_flags = BDRV_O_FLAGS;
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_flags(src_cache, &src_flags);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", src_cache);
goto out;
}
/*
* Open the images.
*
* Ignore the old backing file for unsafe rebase in case we want to correct
* the reference to a renamed or moved backing file.
*/
blk = img_open("image", filename, fmt, flags, true, quiet);
if (!blk) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
if (out_basefmt != NULL) {
if (bdrv_find_format(out_basefmt) == NULL) {
error_report("Invalid format name: '%s'", out_basefmt);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
/* For safe rebasing we need to compare old and new backing file */
if (!unsafe) {
char backing_name[PATH_MAX];
QDict *options = NULL;
if (bs->backing_format[0] != '\0') {
options = qdict_new();
qdict_put(options, "driver", qstring_from_str(bs->backing_format));
}
bdrv_get_backing_filename(bs, backing_name, sizeof(backing_name));
blk_old_backing = blk_new_open("old_backing", backing_name, NULL,
options, src_flags, &local_err);
if (!blk_old_backing) {
error_report("Could not open old backing file '%s': %s",
backing_name, error_get_pretty(local_err));
error_free(local_err);
goto out;
}
if (out_baseimg[0]) {
if (out_basefmt) {
options = qdict_new();
qdict_put(options, "driver", qstring_from_str(out_basefmt));
} else {
options = NULL;
}
blk_new_backing = blk_new_open("new_backing", out_baseimg, NULL,
options, src_flags, &local_err);
if (!blk_new_backing) {
error_report("Could not open new backing file '%s': %s",
out_baseimg, error_get_pretty(local_err));
error_free(local_err);
goto out;
}
}
}
/*
* Check each unallocated cluster in the COW file. If it is unallocated,
* accesses go to the backing file. We must therefore compare this cluster
* in the old and new backing file, and if they differ we need to copy it
* from the old backing file into the COW file.
*
* If qemu-img crashes during this step, no harm is done. The content of
* the image is the same as the original one at any time.
*/
if (!unsafe) {
int64_t num_sectors;
int64_t old_backing_num_sectors;
int64_t new_backing_num_sectors = 0;
uint64_t sector;
int n;
uint8_t * buf_old;
uint8_t * buf_new;
float local_progress = 0;
buf_old = blk_blockalign(blk, IO_BUF_SIZE);
buf_new = blk_blockalign(blk, IO_BUF_SIZE);
num_sectors = blk_nb_sectors(blk);
if (num_sectors < 0) {
error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
filename, strerror(-num_sectors));
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
old_backing_num_sectors = blk_nb_sectors(blk_old_backing);
if (old_backing_num_sectors < 0) {
char backing_name[PATH_MAX];
bdrv_get_backing_filename(bs, backing_name, sizeof(backing_name));
error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
backing_name, strerror(-old_backing_num_sectors));
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (blk_new_backing) {
new_backing_num_sectors = blk_nb_sectors(blk_new_backing);
if (new_backing_num_sectors < 0) {
error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
out_baseimg, strerror(-new_backing_num_sectors));
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
if (num_sectors != 0) {
local_progress = (float)100 /
(num_sectors / MIN(num_sectors, IO_BUF_SIZE / 512));
}
for (sector = 0; sector < num_sectors; sector += n) {
/* How many sectors can we handle with the next read? */
if (sector + (IO_BUF_SIZE / 512) <= num_sectors) {
n = (IO_BUF_SIZE / 512);
} else {
n = num_sectors - sector;
}
/* If the cluster is allocated, we don't need to take action */
ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, sector, n, &n);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("error while reading image metadata: %s",
strerror(-ret));
goto out;
}
if (ret) {
continue;
}
/*
* Read old and new backing file and take into consideration that
* backing files may be smaller than the COW image.
*/
if (sector >= old_backing_num_sectors) {
memset(buf_old, 0, n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
} else {
if (sector + n > old_backing_num_sectors) {
n = old_backing_num_sectors - sector;
}
ret = blk_read(blk_old_backing, sector, buf_old, n);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("error while reading from old backing file");
goto out;
}
}
if (sector >= new_backing_num_sectors || !blk_new_backing) {
memset(buf_new, 0, n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
} else {
if (sector + n > new_backing_num_sectors) {
n = new_backing_num_sectors - sector;
}
ret = blk_read(blk_new_backing, sector, buf_new, n);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("error while reading from new backing file");
goto out;
}
}
/* If they differ, we need to write to the COW file */
uint64_t written = 0;
while (written < n) {
int pnum;
if (compare_sectors(buf_old + written * 512,
buf_new + written * 512, n - written, &pnum))
{
ret = blk_write(blk, sector + written,
buf_old + written * 512, pnum);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while writing to COW image: %s",
strerror(-ret));
goto out;
}
}
written += pnum;
}
qemu_progress_print(local_progress, 100);
}
qemu_vfree(buf_old);
qemu_vfree(buf_new);
}
/*
* Change the backing file. All clusters that are different from the old
* backing file are overwritten in the COW file now, so the visible content
* doesn't change when we switch the backing file.
*/
if (out_baseimg && *out_baseimg) {
ret = bdrv_change_backing_file(bs, out_baseimg, out_basefmt);
} else {
ret = bdrv_change_backing_file(bs, NULL, NULL);
}
if (ret == -ENOSPC) {
error_report("Could not change the backing file to '%s': No "
"space left in the file header", out_baseimg);
} else if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Could not change the backing file to '%s': %s",
out_baseimg, strerror(-ret));
}
qemu_progress_print(100, 0);
/*
* TODO At this point it is possible to check if any clusters that are
* allocated in the COW file are the same in the backing file. If so, they
* could be dropped from the COW file. Don't do this before switching the
* backing file, in case of a crash this would lead to corruption.
*/
out:
qemu_progress_end();
/* Cleanup */
if (!unsafe) {
blk_unref(blk_old_backing);
blk_unref(blk_new_backing);
}
blk_unref(blk);
if (ret) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static int img_resize(int argc, char **argv)
{
Error *err = NULL;
int c, ret, relative;
const char *filename, *fmt, *size;
int64_t n, total_size;
bool quiet = false;
BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
QemuOpts *param;
static QemuOptsList resize_options = {
.name = "resize_options",
.head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(resize_options.head),
.desc = {
{
.name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
.type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
.help = "Virtual disk size"
}, {
/* end of list */
}
},
};
/* Remove size from argv manually so that negative numbers are not treated
* as options by getopt. */
if (argc < 3) {
error_exit("Not enough arguments");
return 1;
}
size = argv[--argc];
/* Parse getopt arguments */
fmt = NULL;
for(;;) {
c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:hq");
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
/* Choose grow, shrink, or absolute resize mode */
switch (size[0]) {
case '+':
relative = 1;
size++;
break;
case '-':
relative = -1;
size++;
break;
default:
relative = 0;
break;
}
/* Parse size */
param = qemu_opts_create(&resize_options, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
qemu_opt_set(param, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, size, &err);
if (err) {
error_report_err(err);
ret = -1;
qemu_opts_del(param);
goto out;
}
n = qemu_opt_get_size(param, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0);
qemu_opts_del(param);
blk = img_open("image", filename, fmt, BDRV_O_FLAGS | BDRV_O_RDWR,
true, quiet);
if (!blk) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (relative) {
total_size = blk_getlength(blk) + n * relative;
} else {
total_size = n;
}
if (total_size <= 0) {
error_report("New image size must be positive");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
ret = blk_truncate(blk, total_size);
switch (ret) {
case 0:
qprintf(quiet, "Image resized.\n");
break;
case -ENOTSUP:
error_report("This image does not support resize");
break;
case -EACCES:
error_report("Image is read-only");
break;
default:
error_report("Error resizing image (%d)", -ret);
break;
}
out:
blk_unref(blk);
if (ret) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static void amend_status_cb(BlockDriverState *bs,
int64_t offset, int64_t total_work_size)
{
qemu_progress_print(100.f * offset / total_work_size, 0);
}
static int img_amend(int argc, char **argv)
{
Error *err = NULL;
int c, ret = 0;
char *options = NULL;
QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
const char *fmt = NULL, *filename, *cache;
int flags;
bool quiet = false, progress = false;
BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
for (;;) {
c = getopt(argc, argv, "ho:f:t:pq");
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch (c) {
case 'h':
case '?':
help();
break;
case 'o':
if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg)) {
error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (!options) {
options = g_strdup(optarg);
} else {
char *old_options = options;
options = g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", options, optarg);
g_free(old_options);
}
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 't':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'p':
progress = true;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
}
}
if (!options) {
error_exit("Must specify options (-o)");
}
if (quiet) {
progress = false;
}
qemu_progress_init(progress, 1.0);
filename = (optind == argc - 1) ? argv[argc - 1] : NULL;
if (fmt && has_help_option(options)) {
/* If a format is explicitly specified (and possibly no filename is
* given), print option help here */
ret = print_block_option_help(filename, fmt);
goto out;
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_report("Expecting one image file name");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
flags = BDRV_O_FLAGS | BDRV_O_RDWR;
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_flags(cache, &flags);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
goto out;
}
blk = img_open("image", filename, fmt, flags, true, quiet);
if (!blk) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
fmt = bs->drv->format_name;
if (has_help_option(options)) {
/* If the format was auto-detected, print option help here */
ret = print_block_option_help(filename, fmt);
goto out;
}
if (!bs->drv->create_opts) {
error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support any options to amend",
fmt);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, bs->drv->create_opts);
opts = qemu_opts_create(create_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
if (options) {
qemu_opts_do_parse(opts, options, NULL, &err);
if (err) {
error_report_err(err);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
/* In case the driver does not call amend_status_cb() */
qemu_progress_print(0.f, 0);
ret = bdrv_amend_options(bs, opts, &amend_status_cb);
qemu_progress_print(100.f, 0);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while amending options: %s", strerror(-ret));
goto out;
}
out:
qemu_progress_end();
blk_unref(blk);
qemu_opts_del(opts);
qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
g_free(options);
if (ret) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static const img_cmd_t img_cmds[] = {
#define DEF(option, callback, arg_string) \
{ option, callback },
#include "qemu-img-cmds.h"
#undef DEF
#undef GEN_DOCS
{ NULL, NULL, },
};
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
const img_cmd_t *cmd;
const char *cmdname;
Error *local_error = NULL;
int c;
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"version", no_argument, 0, 'v'},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
#ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
#endif
error_set_progname(argv[0]);
qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
if (qemu_init_main_loop(&local_error)) {
error_report_err(local_error);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
bdrv_init();
if (argc < 2) {
error_exit("Not enough arguments");
}
cmdname = argv[1];
/* find the command */
for (cmd = img_cmds; cmd->name != NULL; cmd++) {
if (!strcmp(cmdname, cmd->name)) {
return cmd->handler(argc - 1, argv + 1);
}
}
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "h", long_options, NULL);
if (c == 'h') {
help();
}
if (c == 'v') {
printf(QEMU_IMG_VERSION);
return 0;
}
/* not found */
error_exit("Command not found: %s", cmdname);
}
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