483 lines
15 KiB
Python
Executable File
483 lines
15 KiB
Python
Executable File
#!/usr/bin/env python3
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#
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# Low-level QEMU shell on top of QMP.
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#
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# Copyright (C) 2009, 2010 Red Hat Inc.
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#
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# Authors:
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# Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@redhat.com>
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#
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# This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See
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# the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
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#
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# Usage:
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#
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# Start QEMU with:
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#
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# # qemu [...] -qmp unix:./qmp-sock,server
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#
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# Run the shell:
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#
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# $ qmp-shell ./qmp-sock
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#
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# Commands have the following format:
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#
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# < command-name > [ arg-name1=arg1 ] ... [ arg-nameN=argN ]
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#
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# For example:
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#
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# (QEMU) device_add driver=e1000 id=net1
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# {u'return': {}}
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# (QEMU)
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#
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# key=value pairs also support Python or JSON object literal subset notations,
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# without spaces. Dictionaries/objects {} are supported as are arrays [].
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#
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# example-command arg-name1={'key':'value','obj'={'prop':"value"}}
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#
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# Both JSON and Python formatting should work, including both styles of
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# string literal quotes. Both paradigms of literal values should work,
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# including null/true/false for JSON and None/True/False for Python.
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#
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#
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# Transactions have the following multi-line format:
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#
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# transaction(
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# action-name1 [ arg-name1=arg1 ] ... [arg-nameN=argN ]
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# ...
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# action-nameN [ arg-name1=arg1 ] ... [arg-nameN=argN ]
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# )
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#
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# One line transactions are also supported:
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#
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# transaction( action-name1 ... )
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#
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# For example:
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#
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# (QEMU) transaction(
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# TRANS> block-dirty-bitmap-add node=drive0 name=bitmap1
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# TRANS> block-dirty-bitmap-clear node=drive0 name=bitmap0
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# TRANS> )
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# {"return": {}}
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# (QEMU)
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#
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# Use the -v and -p options to activate the verbose and pretty-print options,
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# which will echo back the properly formatted JSON-compliant QMP that is being
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# sent to QEMU, which is useful for debugging and documentation generation.
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import argparse
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import ast
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import json
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import logging
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import os
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import re
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import readline
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import sys
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from typing import (
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Iterator,
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List,
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NoReturn,
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Optional,
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Sequence,
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)
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sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..', '..', 'python'))
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from qemu import qmp
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from qemu.qmp import QMPMessage
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LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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class QMPCompleter:
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# NB: Python 3.9+ will probably allow us to subclass list[str] directly,
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# but pylint as of today does not know that List[str] is simply 'list'.
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def __init__(self) -> None:
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self._matches: List[str] = []
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def append(self, value: str) -> None:
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return self._matches.append(value)
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def complete(self, text: str, state: int) -> Optional[str]:
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for cmd in self._matches:
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if cmd.startswith(text):
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if state == 0:
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return cmd
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state -= 1
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return None
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class QMPShellError(Exception):
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pass
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class FuzzyJSON(ast.NodeTransformer):
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"""
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This extension of ast.NodeTransformer filters literal "true/false/null"
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values in a Python AST and replaces them by proper "True/False/None" values
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that Python can properly evaluate.
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"""
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@classmethod
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def visit_Name(cls, # pylint: disable=invalid-name
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node: ast.Name) -> ast.AST:
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if node.id == 'true':
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return ast.Constant(value=True)
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if node.id == 'false':
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return ast.Constant(value=False)
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if node.id == 'null':
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return ast.Constant(value=None)
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return node
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class QMPShell(qmp.QEMUMonitorProtocol):
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def __init__(self, address: qmp.SocketAddrT,
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pretty: bool = False, verbose: bool = False):
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super().__init__(address)
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self._greeting: Optional[QMPMessage] = None
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self._completer = QMPCompleter()
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self._transmode = False
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self._actions: List[QMPMessage] = []
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self._histfile = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser('~'),
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'.qmp-shell_history')
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self.pretty = pretty
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self.verbose = verbose
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def close(self) -> None:
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# Hook into context manager of parent to save shell history.
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self._save_history()
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super().close()
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def _fill_completion(self) -> None:
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cmds = self.cmd('query-commands')
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if 'error' in cmds:
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return
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for cmd in cmds['return']:
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self._completer.append(cmd['name'])
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def __completer_setup(self) -> None:
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self._completer = QMPCompleter()
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self._fill_completion()
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readline.set_history_length(1024)
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readline.set_completer(self._completer.complete)
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readline.parse_and_bind("tab: complete")
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# NB: default delimiters conflict with some command names
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# (eg. query-), clearing everything as it doesn't seem to matter
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readline.set_completer_delims('')
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try:
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readline.read_history_file(self._histfile)
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except FileNotFoundError:
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pass
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except IOError as err:
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msg = f"Failed to read history '{self._histfile}': {err!s}"
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LOG.warning(msg)
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def _save_history(self) -> None:
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try:
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readline.write_history_file(self._histfile)
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except IOError as err:
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msg = f"Failed to save history file '{self._histfile}': {err!s}"
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LOG.warning(msg)
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@classmethod
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def __parse_value(cls, val: str) -> object:
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try:
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return int(val)
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except ValueError:
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pass
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if val.lower() == 'true':
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return True
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if val.lower() == 'false':
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return False
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if val.startswith(('{', '[')):
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# Try first as pure JSON:
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try:
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return json.loads(val)
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except ValueError:
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pass
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# Try once again as FuzzyJSON:
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try:
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tree = ast.parse(val, mode='eval')
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transformed = FuzzyJSON().visit(tree)
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return ast.literal_eval(transformed)
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except (SyntaxError, ValueError):
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pass
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return val
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def __cli_expr(self,
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tokens: Sequence[str],
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parent: qmp.QMPObject) -> None:
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for arg in tokens:
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(key, sep, val) = arg.partition('=')
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if sep != '=':
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raise QMPShellError(
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f"Expected a key=value pair, got '{arg!s}'"
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)
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value = self.__parse_value(val)
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optpath = key.split('.')
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curpath = []
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for path in optpath[:-1]:
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curpath.append(path)
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obj = parent.get(path, {})
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if not isinstance(obj, dict):
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msg = 'Cannot use "{:s}" as both leaf and non-leaf key'
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raise QMPShellError(msg.format('.'.join(curpath)))
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parent[path] = obj
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parent = obj
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if optpath[-1] in parent:
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if isinstance(parent[optpath[-1]], dict):
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msg = 'Cannot use "{:s}" as both leaf and non-leaf key'
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raise QMPShellError(msg.format('.'.join(curpath)))
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raise QMPShellError(f'Cannot set "{key}" multiple times')
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parent[optpath[-1]] = value
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def __build_cmd(self, cmdline: str) -> Optional[QMPMessage]:
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"""
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Build a QMP input object from a user provided command-line in the
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following format:
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< command-name > [ arg-name1=arg1 ] ... [ arg-nameN=argN ]
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"""
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argument_regex = r'''(?:[^\s"']|"(?:\\.|[^"])*"|'(?:\\.|[^'])*')+'''
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cmdargs = re.findall(argument_regex, cmdline)
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qmpcmd: QMPMessage
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# Transactional CLI entry:
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if cmdargs and cmdargs[0] == 'transaction(':
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self._transmode = True
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self._actions = []
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cmdargs.pop(0)
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# Transactional CLI exit:
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if cmdargs and cmdargs[0] == ')' and self._transmode:
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self._transmode = False
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if len(cmdargs) > 1:
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msg = 'Unexpected input after close of Transaction sub-shell'
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raise QMPShellError(msg)
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qmpcmd = {
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'execute': 'transaction',
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'arguments': {'actions': self._actions}
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}
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return qmpcmd
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# No args, or no args remaining
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if not cmdargs:
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return None
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if self._transmode:
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# Parse and cache this Transactional Action
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finalize = False
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action = {'type': cmdargs[0], 'data': {}}
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if cmdargs[-1] == ')':
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cmdargs.pop(-1)
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finalize = True
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self.__cli_expr(cmdargs[1:], action['data'])
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self._actions.append(action)
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return self.__build_cmd(')') if finalize else None
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# Standard command: parse and return it to be executed.
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qmpcmd = {'execute': cmdargs[0], 'arguments': {}}
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self.__cli_expr(cmdargs[1:], qmpcmd['arguments'])
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return qmpcmd
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def _print(self, qmp_message: object) -> None:
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jsobj = json.dumps(qmp_message,
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indent=4 if self.pretty else None,
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sort_keys=self.pretty)
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print(str(jsobj))
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def _execute_cmd(self, cmdline: str) -> bool:
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try:
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qmpcmd = self.__build_cmd(cmdline)
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except Exception as err:
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print('Error while parsing command line: %s' % err)
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print('command format: <command-name> ', end=' ')
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print('[arg-name1=arg1] ... [arg-nameN=argN]')
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return True
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# For transaction mode, we may have just cached the action:
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if qmpcmd is None:
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return True
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if self.verbose:
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self._print(qmpcmd)
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resp = self.cmd_obj(qmpcmd)
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if resp is None:
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print('Disconnected')
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return False
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self._print(resp)
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return True
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def connect(self, negotiate: bool = True) -> None:
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self._greeting = super().connect(negotiate)
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self.__completer_setup()
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def show_banner(self,
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msg: str = 'Welcome to the QMP low-level shell!') -> None:
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print(msg)
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if not self._greeting:
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print('Connected')
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return
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version = self._greeting['QMP']['version']['qemu']
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print("Connected to QEMU {major}.{minor}.{micro}\n".format(**version))
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@property
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def prompt(self) -> str:
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if self._transmode:
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return 'TRANS> '
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return '(QEMU) '
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def read_exec_command(self) -> bool:
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"""
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Read and execute a command.
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@return True if execution was ok, return False if disconnected.
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"""
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try:
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cmdline = input(self.prompt)
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except EOFError:
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print()
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return False
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if cmdline == '':
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for event in self.get_events():
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print(event)
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self.clear_events()
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return True
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return self._execute_cmd(cmdline)
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def repl(self) -> Iterator[None]:
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self.show_banner()
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while self.read_exec_command():
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yield
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self.close()
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class HMPShell(QMPShell):
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def __init__(self, address: qmp.SocketAddrT,
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pretty: bool = False, verbose: bool = False):
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super().__init__(address, pretty, verbose)
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self.__cpu_index = 0
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def __cmd_completion(self) -> None:
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for cmd in self.__cmd_passthrough('help')['return'].split('\r\n'):
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if cmd and cmd[0] != '[' and cmd[0] != '\t':
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name = cmd.split()[0] # drop help text
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if name == 'info':
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continue
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if name.find('|') != -1:
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# Command in the form 'foobar|f' or 'f|foobar', take the
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# full name
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opt = name.split('|')
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if len(opt[0]) == 1:
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name = opt[1]
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else:
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name = opt[0]
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self._completer.append(name)
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self._completer.append('help ' + name) # help completion
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def __info_completion(self) -> None:
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for cmd in self.__cmd_passthrough('info')['return'].split('\r\n'):
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if cmd:
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self._completer.append('info ' + cmd.split()[1])
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def __other_completion(self) -> None:
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# special cases
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self._completer.append('help info')
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def _fill_completion(self) -> None:
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self.__cmd_completion()
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self.__info_completion()
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self.__other_completion()
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def __cmd_passthrough(self, cmdline: str,
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cpu_index: int = 0) -> QMPMessage:
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return self.cmd_obj({
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'execute': 'human-monitor-command',
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'arguments': {
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'command-line': cmdline,
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'cpu-index': cpu_index
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}
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})
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def _execute_cmd(self, cmdline: str) -> bool:
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if cmdline.split()[0] == "cpu":
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# trap the cpu command, it requires special setting
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try:
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idx = int(cmdline.split()[1])
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if 'return' not in self.__cmd_passthrough('info version', idx):
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print('bad CPU index')
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return True
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self.__cpu_index = idx
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except ValueError:
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print('cpu command takes an integer argument')
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return True
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resp = self.__cmd_passthrough(cmdline, self.__cpu_index)
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if resp is None:
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print('Disconnected')
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return False
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assert 'return' in resp or 'error' in resp
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if 'return' in resp:
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# Success
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if len(resp['return']) > 0:
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print(resp['return'], end=' ')
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else:
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# Error
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print('%s: %s' % (resp['error']['class'], resp['error']['desc']))
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return True
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def show_banner(self, msg: str = 'Welcome to the HMP shell!') -> None:
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QMPShell.show_banner(self, msg)
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def die(msg: str) -> NoReturn:
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sys.stderr.write('ERROR: %s\n' % msg)
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sys.exit(1)
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def main() -> None:
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parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
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parser.add_argument('-H', '--hmp', action='store_true',
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help='Use HMP interface')
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parser.add_argument('-N', '--skip-negotiation', action='store_true',
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help='Skip negotiate (for qemu-ga)')
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parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action='store_true',
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help='Verbose (echo commands sent and received)')
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parser.add_argument('-p', '--pretty', action='store_true',
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help='Pretty-print JSON')
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default_server = os.environ.get('QMP_SOCKET')
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parser.add_argument('qmp_server', action='store',
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default=default_server,
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help='< UNIX socket path | TCP address:port >')
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args = parser.parse_args()
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if args.qmp_server is None:
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parser.error("QMP socket or TCP address must be specified")
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shell_class = HMPShell if args.hmp else QMPShell
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try:
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address = shell_class.parse_address(args.qmp_server)
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except qmp.QMPBadPortError:
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parser.error(f"Bad port number: {args.qmp_server}")
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return # pycharm doesn't know error() is noreturn
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with shell_class(address, args.pretty, args.verbose) as qemu:
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try:
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qemu.connect(negotiate=not args.skip_negotiation)
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except qmp.QMPConnectError:
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die("Didn't get QMP greeting message")
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except qmp.QMPCapabilitiesError:
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die("Couldn't negotiate capabilities")
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except OSError as err:
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die(f"Couldn't connect to {args.qmp_server}: {err!s}")
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for _ in qemu.repl():
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pass
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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main()
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