add test illustrating current "coerce to !" behavior

src/test/compile-fail/coerce-to-bang.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+#![feature(never_type)]
+
+fn foo(x: usize, y: !, z: usize) { }
+
+fn call_foo_a() {
+    // FIXME(#40800) -- accepted beacuse divergence happens **before**
+    // the coercion to `!`, but within same expression. Not clear that
+    // these are the rules we want.
+    foo(return, 22, 44);
+}
+
+fn call_foo_b() {
+    // Divergence happens in the argument itself, definitely ok.
+    foo(22, return, 44);
+}
+
+fn call_foo_c() {
+    // This test fails because the divergence happens **after** the
+    // coercion to `!`:
+    foo(22, 44, return); //~ ERROR mismatched types
+}
+
+fn call_foo_d() {
+    // This test passes because `a` has type `!`:
+    let a: ! = return;
+    let b = 22;
+    let c = 44;
+    foo(a, b, c); // ... and hence a reference to `a` is expected to diverge.
+}
+
+fn call_foo_e() {
+    // This test probably could pass but we don't *know* that `a`
+    // has type `!` so we don't let it work.
+    let a = return;
+    let b = 22;
+    let c = 44;
+    foo(a, b, c); //~ ERROR mismatched types
+}
+
+fn call_foo_f() {
+    // This fn fails because `a` has type `usize`, and hence a
+    // reference to is it **not** considered to diverge.
+    let a: usize = return;
+    let b = 22;
+    let c = 44;
+    foo(a, b, c); //~ ERROR mismatched types
+}
+
+fn array_a() {
+    // Accepted: return is coerced to `!` just fine, and then `22` can be
+    // because we already diverged.
+    let x: [!; 2] = [return, 22];
+}
+
+fn array_b() {
+    // Error: divergence has not yet occurred.
+    let x: [!; 2] = [22, return]; //~ ERROR mismatched types
+}
+
+fn tuple_a() {
+    // No divergence at all.
+    let x: (usize, !, usize) = (22, 44, 66); //~ ERROR mismatched types
+}
+
+fn tuple_b() {
+    // Divergence happens before coercion: OK
+    let x: (usize, !, usize) = (return, 44, 66);
+}
+
+fn tuple_c() {
+    // Divergence happens before coercion: OK
+    let x: (usize, !, usize) = (22, return, 66);
+}
+
+fn tuple_d() {
+    // Error: divergence happens too late
+    let x: (usize, !, usize) = (22, 44, return); //~ ERROR mismatched types
+}
+
+fn main() { }