rust/src/librustc_trans/back/link.rs

1360 lines
55 KiB
Rust

// Copyright 2012-2014 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
// except according to those terms.
use super::archive::{ArchiveBuilder, ArchiveConfig};
use super::linker::Linker;
use super::rpath::RPathConfig;
use super::rpath;
use super::msvc;
use session::config;
use session::config::NoDebugInfo;
use session::config::{OutputFilenames, Input, OutputType};
use session::filesearch;
use session::search_paths::PathKind;
use session::Session;
use middle::cstore::{self, LinkMeta, NativeLibrary, LibSource};
use middle::cstore::{LinkagePreference, NativeLibraryKind};
use middle::dependency_format::Linkage;
use CrateTranslation;
use util::common::time;
use util::fs::fix_windows_verbatim_for_gcc;
use rustc::dep_graph::DepNode;
use rustc::hir::def_id::CrateNum;
use rustc::hir::svh::Svh;
use rustc_back::tempdir::TempDir;
use rustc_back::PanicStrategy;
use rustc_incremental::IncrementalHashesMap;
use context::get_reloc_model;
use llvm;
use std::ascii;
use std::char;
use std::env;
use std::ffi::OsString;
use std::fs;
use std::io::{self, Read, Write};
use std::mem;
use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
use std::process::Command;
use std::str;
use flate;
use syntax::ast;
use syntax::attr;
use syntax_pos::Span;
/// The LLVM module name containing crate-metadata. This includes a `.` on
/// purpose, so it cannot clash with the name of a user-defined module.
pub const METADATA_MODULE_NAME: &'static str = "crate.metadata";
/// The name of the crate-metadata object file the compiler generates. Must
/// match up with `METADATA_MODULE_NAME`.
pub const METADATA_OBJ_NAME: &'static str = "crate.metadata.o";
// RLIB LLVM-BYTECODE OBJECT LAYOUT
// Version 1
// Bytes Data
// 0..10 "RUST_OBJECT" encoded in ASCII
// 11..14 format version as little-endian u32
// 15..22 size in bytes of deflate compressed LLVM bitcode as
// little-endian u64
// 23.. compressed LLVM bitcode
// This is the "magic number" expected at the beginning of a LLVM bytecode
// object in an rlib.
pub const RLIB_BYTECODE_OBJECT_MAGIC: &'static [u8] = b"RUST_OBJECT";
// The version number this compiler will write to bytecode objects in rlibs
pub const RLIB_BYTECODE_OBJECT_VERSION: u32 = 1;
// The offset in bytes the bytecode object format version number can be found at
pub const RLIB_BYTECODE_OBJECT_VERSION_OFFSET: usize = 11;
// The offset in bytes the size of the compressed bytecode can be found at in
// format version 1
pub const RLIB_BYTECODE_OBJECT_V1_DATASIZE_OFFSET: usize =
RLIB_BYTECODE_OBJECT_VERSION_OFFSET + 4;
// The offset in bytes the compressed LLVM bytecode can be found at in format
// version 1
pub const RLIB_BYTECODE_OBJECT_V1_DATA_OFFSET: usize =
RLIB_BYTECODE_OBJECT_V1_DATASIZE_OFFSET + 8;
pub fn find_crate_name(sess: Option<&Session>,
attrs: &[ast::Attribute],
input: &Input) -> String {
let validate = |s: String, span: Option<Span>| {
cstore::validate_crate_name(sess, &s, span);
s
};
// Look in attributes 100% of the time to make sure the attribute is marked
// as used. After doing this, however, we still prioritize a crate name from
// the command line over one found in the #[crate_name] attribute. If we
// find both we ensure that they're the same later on as well.
let attr_crate_name = attrs.iter().find(|at| at.check_name("crate_name"))
.and_then(|at| at.value_str().map(|s| (at, s)));
if let Some(sess) = sess {
if let Some(ref s) = sess.opts.crate_name {
if let Some((attr, name)) = attr_crate_name {
if name != &**s {
let msg = format!("--crate-name and #[crate_name] are \
required to match, but `{}` != `{}`",
s, name);
sess.span_err(attr.span, &msg);
}
}
return validate(s.clone(), None);
}
}
if let Some((attr, s)) = attr_crate_name {
return validate(s.to_string(), Some(attr.span));
}
if let Input::File(ref path) = *input {
if let Some(s) = path.file_stem().and_then(|s| s.to_str()) {
if s.starts_with("-") {
let msg = format!("crate names cannot start with a `-`, but \
`{}` has a leading hyphen", s);
if let Some(sess) = sess {
sess.err(&msg);
}
} else {
return validate(s.replace("-", "_"), None);
}
}
}
"rust_out".to_string()
}
pub fn build_link_meta(incremental_hashes_map: &IncrementalHashesMap) -> LinkMeta {
let r = LinkMeta {
crate_hash: Svh::new(incremental_hashes_map[&DepNode::Krate].to_smaller_hash()),
};
info!("{:?}", r);
return r;
}
// The third parameter is for an extra path to add to PATH for MSVC
// cross linkers for host toolchain DLL dependencies
pub fn get_linker(sess: &Session) -> (String, Command, Option<PathBuf>) {
if let Some(ref linker) = sess.opts.cg.linker {
(linker.clone(), Command::new(linker), None)
} else if sess.target.target.options.is_like_msvc {
let (cmd, host) = msvc::link_exe_cmd(sess);
("link.exe".to_string(), cmd, host)
} else {
(sess.target.target.options.linker.clone(),
Command::new(&sess.target.target.options.linker), None)
}
}
pub fn get_ar_prog(sess: &Session) -> String {
sess.opts.cg.ar.clone().unwrap_or_else(|| {
sess.target.target.options.ar.clone()
})
}
fn command_path(sess: &Session, extra: Option<PathBuf>) -> OsString {
// The compiler's sysroot often has some bundled tools, so add it to the
// PATH for the child.
let mut new_path = sess.host_filesearch(PathKind::All)
.get_tools_search_paths();
if let Some(path) = env::var_os("PATH") {
new_path.extend(env::split_paths(&path));
}
new_path.extend(extra);
env::join_paths(new_path).unwrap()
}
pub fn remove(sess: &Session, path: &Path) {
match fs::remove_file(path) {
Ok(..) => {}
Err(e) => {
sess.err(&format!("failed to remove {}: {}",
path.display(),
e));
}
}
}
/// Perform the linkage portion of the compilation phase. This will generate all
/// of the requested outputs for this compilation session.
pub fn link_binary(sess: &Session,
trans: &CrateTranslation,
outputs: &OutputFilenames,
crate_name: &str) -> Vec<PathBuf> {
let mut out_filenames = Vec::new();
for &crate_type in sess.crate_types.borrow().iter() {
// Ignore executable crates if we have -Z no-trans, as they will error.
if (sess.opts.debugging_opts.no_trans ||
!sess.opts.output_types.should_trans()) &&
crate_type == config::CrateTypeExecutable {
continue;
}
if invalid_output_for_target(sess, crate_type) {
bug!("invalid output type `{:?}` for target os `{}`",
crate_type, sess.opts.target_triple);
}
let mut out_files = link_binary_output(sess, trans, crate_type, outputs, crate_name);
out_filenames.append(&mut out_files);
}
// Remove the temporary object file and metadata if we aren't saving temps
if !sess.opts.cg.save_temps {
if sess.opts.output_types.should_trans() {
for obj in object_filenames(trans, outputs) {
remove(sess, &obj);
}
}
remove(sess, &outputs.with_extension(METADATA_OBJ_NAME));
}
out_filenames
}
/// Returns default crate type for target
///
/// Default crate type is used when crate type isn't provided neither
/// through cmd line arguments nor through crate attributes
///
/// It is CrateTypeExecutable for all platforms but iOS as there is no
/// way to run iOS binaries anyway without jailbreaking and
/// interaction with Rust code through static library is the only
/// option for now
pub fn default_output_for_target(sess: &Session) -> config::CrateType {
if !sess.target.target.options.executables {
config::CrateTypeStaticlib
} else {
config::CrateTypeExecutable
}
}
/// Checks if target supports crate_type as output
pub fn invalid_output_for_target(sess: &Session,
crate_type: config::CrateType) -> bool {
match (sess.target.target.options.dynamic_linking,
sess.target.target.options.executables, crate_type) {
(false, _, config::CrateTypeCdylib) |
(false, _, config::CrateTypeProcMacro) |
(false, _, config::CrateTypeDylib) => true,
(_, false, config::CrateTypeExecutable) => true,
_ => false
}
}
fn is_writeable(p: &Path) -> bool {
match p.metadata() {
Err(..) => true,
Ok(m) => !m.permissions().readonly()
}
}
fn filename_for_metadata(sess: &Session, crate_name: &str, outputs: &OutputFilenames) -> PathBuf {
let out_filename = outputs.single_output_file.clone()
.unwrap_or(outputs
.out_directory
.join(&format!("lib{}{}.rmeta", crate_name, sess.opts.cg.extra_filename)));
check_file_is_writeable(&out_filename, sess);
out_filename
}
pub fn filename_for_input(sess: &Session,
crate_type: config::CrateType,
crate_name: &str,
outputs: &OutputFilenames) -> PathBuf {
let libname = format!("{}{}", crate_name, sess.opts.cg.extra_filename);
match crate_type {
config::CrateTypeRlib => {
outputs.out_directory.join(&format!("lib{}.rlib", libname))
}
config::CrateTypeCdylib |
config::CrateTypeProcMacro |
config::CrateTypeDylib => {
let (prefix, suffix) = (&sess.target.target.options.dll_prefix,
&sess.target.target.options.dll_suffix);
outputs.out_directory.join(&format!("{}{}{}", prefix, libname,
suffix))
}
config::CrateTypeStaticlib => {
let (prefix, suffix) = (&sess.target.target.options.staticlib_prefix,
&sess.target.target.options.staticlib_suffix);
outputs.out_directory.join(&format!("{}{}{}", prefix, libname,
suffix))
}
config::CrateTypeExecutable => {
let suffix = &sess.target.target.options.exe_suffix;
let out_filename = outputs.path(OutputType::Exe);
if suffix.is_empty() {
out_filename.to_path_buf()
} else {
out_filename.with_extension(&suffix[1..])
}
}
}
}
pub fn each_linked_rlib(sess: &Session,
f: &mut FnMut(CrateNum, &Path)) {
let crates = sess.cstore.used_crates(LinkagePreference::RequireStatic).into_iter();
let fmts = sess.dependency_formats.borrow();
let fmts = fmts.get(&config::CrateTypeExecutable)
.or_else(|| fmts.get(&config::CrateTypeStaticlib))
.or_else(|| fmts.get(&config::CrateTypeCdylib))
.or_else(|| fmts.get(&config::CrateTypeProcMacro));
let fmts = fmts.unwrap_or_else(|| {
bug!("could not find formats for rlibs");
});
for (cnum, path) in crates {
match fmts[cnum.as_usize() - 1] {
Linkage::NotLinked | Linkage::IncludedFromDylib => continue,
_ => {}
}
let name = sess.cstore.crate_name(cnum).clone();
let path = match path {
LibSource::Some(p) => p,
LibSource::MetadataOnly => {
sess.fatal(&format!("could not find rlib for: `{}`, found rmeta (metadata) file",
name));
}
LibSource::None => {
sess.fatal(&format!("could not find rlib for: `{}`", name));
}
};
f(cnum, &path);
}
}
fn out_filename(sess: &Session,
crate_type: config::CrateType,
outputs: &OutputFilenames,
crate_name: &str)
-> PathBuf {
let default_filename = filename_for_input(sess, crate_type, crate_name, outputs);
let out_filename = outputs.outputs.get(&OutputType::Exe)
.and_then(|s| s.to_owned())
.or_else(|| outputs.single_output_file.clone())
.unwrap_or(default_filename);
check_file_is_writeable(&out_filename, sess);
out_filename
}
// Make sure files are writeable. Mac, FreeBSD, and Windows system linkers
// check this already -- however, the Linux linker will happily overwrite a
// read-only file. We should be consistent.
fn check_file_is_writeable(file: &Path, sess: &Session) {
if !is_writeable(file) {
sess.fatal(&format!("output file {} is not writeable -- check its \
permissions", file.display()));
}
}
fn link_binary_output(sess: &Session,
trans: &CrateTranslation,
crate_type: config::CrateType,
outputs: &OutputFilenames,
crate_name: &str) -> Vec<PathBuf> {
let objects = object_filenames(trans, outputs);
for file in &objects {
check_file_is_writeable(file, sess);
}
let tmpdir = match TempDir::new("rustc") {
Ok(tmpdir) => tmpdir,
Err(err) => sess.fatal(&format!("couldn't create a temp dir: {}", err)),
};
let mut out_filenames = vec![];
if outputs.outputs.contains_key(&OutputType::Metadata) {
let out_filename = filename_for_metadata(sess, crate_name, outputs);
emit_metadata(sess, trans, &out_filename);
out_filenames.push(out_filename);
}
if outputs.outputs.should_trans() {
let out_filename = out_filename(sess, crate_type, outputs, crate_name);
match crate_type {
config::CrateTypeRlib => {
link_rlib(sess, Some(trans), &objects, &out_filename,
tmpdir.path()).build();
}
config::CrateTypeStaticlib => {
link_staticlib(sess, &objects, &out_filename, tmpdir.path());
}
_ => {
link_natively(sess, crate_type, &objects, &out_filename, trans,
outputs, tmpdir.path());
}
}
out_filenames.push(out_filename);
}
out_filenames
}
fn object_filenames(trans: &CrateTranslation,
outputs: &OutputFilenames)
-> Vec<PathBuf> {
trans.modules.iter().map(|module| {
outputs.temp_path(OutputType::Object, Some(&module.name))
}).collect()
}
fn archive_search_paths(sess: &Session) -> Vec<PathBuf> {
let mut search = Vec::new();
sess.target_filesearch(PathKind::Native).for_each_lib_search_path(|path, _| {
search.push(path.to_path_buf());
});
return search;
}
fn archive_config<'a>(sess: &'a Session,
output: &Path,
input: Option<&Path>) -> ArchiveConfig<'a> {
ArchiveConfig {
sess: sess,
dst: output.to_path_buf(),
src: input.map(|p| p.to_path_buf()),
lib_search_paths: archive_search_paths(sess),
ar_prog: get_ar_prog(sess),
command_path: command_path(sess, None),
}
}
fn emit_metadata<'a>(sess: &'a Session, trans: &CrateTranslation, out_filename: &Path) {
let result = fs::File::create(out_filename).and_then(|mut f| {
f.write_all(&trans.metadata.raw_data)
});
if let Err(e) = result {
sess.fatal(&format!("failed to write {}: {}", out_filename.display(), e));
}
}
// Create an 'rlib'
//
// An rlib in its current incarnation is essentially a renamed .a file. The
// rlib primarily contains the object file of the crate, but it also contains
// all of the object files from native libraries. This is done by unzipping
// native libraries and inserting all of the contents into this archive.
fn link_rlib<'a>(sess: &'a Session,
trans: Option<&CrateTranslation>, // None == no metadata/bytecode
objects: &[PathBuf],
out_filename: &Path,
tmpdir: &Path) -> ArchiveBuilder<'a> {
info!("preparing rlib from {:?} to {:?}", objects, out_filename);
let mut ab = ArchiveBuilder::new(archive_config(sess, out_filename, None));
for obj in objects {
ab.add_file(obj);
}
// Note that in this loop we are ignoring the value of `lib.cfg`. That is,
// we may not be configured to actually include a static library if we're
// adding it here. That's because later when we consume this rlib we'll
// decide whether we actually needed the static library or not.
//
// To do this "correctly" we'd need to keep track of which libraries added
// which object files to the archive. We don't do that here, however. The
// #[link(cfg(..))] feature is unstable, though, and only intended to get
// liblibc working. In that sense the check below just indicates that if
// there are any libraries we want to omit object files for at link time we
// just exclude all custom object files.
//
// Eventually if we want to stabilize or flesh out the #[link(cfg(..))]
// feature then we'll need to figure out how to record what objects were
// loaded from the libraries found here and then encode that into the
// metadata of the rlib we're generating somehow.
for lib in sess.cstore.used_libraries() {
match lib.kind {
NativeLibraryKind::NativeStatic => {}
NativeLibraryKind::NativeStaticNobundle |
NativeLibraryKind::NativeFramework |
NativeLibraryKind::NativeUnknown => continue,
}
ab.add_native_library(&lib.name.as_str());
}
// After adding all files to the archive, we need to update the
// symbol table of the archive.
ab.update_symbols();
// Note that it is important that we add all of our non-object "magical
// files" *after* all of the object files in the archive. The reason for
// this is as follows:
//
// * When performing LTO, this archive will be modified to remove
// objects from above. The reason for this is described below.
//
// * When the system linker looks at an archive, it will attempt to
// determine the architecture of the archive in order to see whether its
// linkable.
//
// The algorithm for this detection is: iterate over the files in the
// archive. Skip magical SYMDEF names. Interpret the first file as an
// object file. Read architecture from the object file.
//
// * As one can probably see, if "metadata" and "foo.bc" were placed
// before all of the objects, then the architecture of this archive would
// not be correctly inferred once 'foo.o' is removed.
//
// Basically, all this means is that this code should not move above the
// code above.
match trans {
Some(trans) => {
// Instead of putting the metadata in an object file section, rlibs
// contain the metadata in a separate file. We use a temp directory
// here so concurrent builds in the same directory don't try to use
// the same filename for metadata (stomping over one another)
let metadata = tmpdir.join(sess.cstore.metadata_filename());
emit_metadata(sess, trans, &metadata);
ab.add_file(&metadata);
// For LTO purposes, the bytecode of this library is also inserted
// into the archive. If codegen_units > 1, we insert each of the
// bitcode files.
for obj in objects {
// Note that we make sure that the bytecode filename in the
// archive is never exactly 16 bytes long by adding a 16 byte
// extension to it. This is to work around a bug in LLDB that
// would cause it to crash if the name of a file in an archive
// was exactly 16 bytes.
let bc_filename = obj.with_extension("bc");
let bc_deflated_filename = tmpdir.join({
obj.with_extension("bytecode.deflate").file_name().unwrap()
});
let mut bc_data = Vec::new();
match fs::File::open(&bc_filename).and_then(|mut f| {
f.read_to_end(&mut bc_data)
}) {
Ok(..) => {}
Err(e) => sess.fatal(&format!("failed to read bytecode: {}",
e))
}
let bc_data_deflated = flate::deflate_bytes(&bc_data);
let mut bc_file_deflated = match fs::File::create(&bc_deflated_filename) {
Ok(file) => file,
Err(e) => {
sess.fatal(&format!("failed to create compressed \
bytecode file: {}", e))
}
};
match write_rlib_bytecode_object_v1(&mut bc_file_deflated,
&bc_data_deflated) {
Ok(()) => {}
Err(e) => {
sess.fatal(&format!("failed to write compressed \
bytecode: {}", e));
}
};
ab.add_file(&bc_deflated_filename);
// See the bottom of back::write::run_passes for an explanation
// of when we do and don't keep .#module-name#.bc files around.
let user_wants_numbered_bitcode =
sess.opts.output_types.contains_key(&OutputType::Bitcode) &&
sess.opts.cg.codegen_units > 1;
if !sess.opts.cg.save_temps && !user_wants_numbered_bitcode {
remove(sess, &bc_filename);
}
}
// After adding all files to the archive, we need to update the
// symbol table of the archive. This currently dies on macOS (see
// #11162), and isn't necessary there anyway
if !sess.target.target.options.is_like_osx {
ab.update_symbols();
}
}
None => {}
}
ab
}
fn write_rlib_bytecode_object_v1(writer: &mut Write,
bc_data_deflated: &[u8]) -> io::Result<()> {
let bc_data_deflated_size: u64 = bc_data_deflated.len() as u64;
writer.write_all(RLIB_BYTECODE_OBJECT_MAGIC)?;
writer.write_all(&[1, 0, 0, 0])?;
writer.write_all(&[
(bc_data_deflated_size >> 0) as u8,
(bc_data_deflated_size >> 8) as u8,
(bc_data_deflated_size >> 16) as u8,
(bc_data_deflated_size >> 24) as u8,
(bc_data_deflated_size >> 32) as u8,
(bc_data_deflated_size >> 40) as u8,
(bc_data_deflated_size >> 48) as u8,
(bc_data_deflated_size >> 56) as u8,
])?;
writer.write_all(&bc_data_deflated)?;
let number_of_bytes_written_so_far =
RLIB_BYTECODE_OBJECT_MAGIC.len() + // magic id
mem::size_of_val(&RLIB_BYTECODE_OBJECT_VERSION) + // version
mem::size_of_val(&bc_data_deflated_size) + // data size field
bc_data_deflated_size as usize; // actual data
// If the number of bytes written to the object so far is odd, add a
// padding byte to make it even. This works around a crash bug in LLDB
// (see issue #15950)
if number_of_bytes_written_so_far % 2 == 1 {
writer.write_all(&[0])?;
}
return Ok(());
}
// Create a static archive
//
// This is essentially the same thing as an rlib, but it also involves adding
// all of the upstream crates' objects into the archive. This will slurp in
// all of the native libraries of upstream dependencies as well.
//
// Additionally, there's no way for us to link dynamic libraries, so we warn
// about all dynamic library dependencies that they're not linked in.
//
// There's no need to include metadata in a static archive, so ensure to not
// link in the metadata object file (and also don't prepare the archive with a
// metadata file).
fn link_staticlib(sess: &Session, objects: &[PathBuf], out_filename: &Path,
tempdir: &Path) {
let mut ab = link_rlib(sess, None, objects, out_filename, tempdir);
let mut all_native_libs = vec![];
each_linked_rlib(sess, &mut |cnum, path| {
let name = sess.cstore.crate_name(cnum);
let native_libs = sess.cstore.native_libraries(cnum);
// Here when we include the rlib into our staticlib we need to make a
// decision whether to include the extra object files along the way.
// These extra object files come from statically included native
// libraries, but they may be cfg'd away with #[link(cfg(..))].
//
// This unstable feature, though, only needs liblibc to work. The only
// use case there is where musl is statically included in liblibc.rlib,
// so if we don't want the included version we just need to skip it. As
// a result the logic here is that if *any* linked library is cfg'd away
// we just skip all object files.
//
// Clearly this is not sufficient for a general purpose feature, and
// we'd want to read from the library's metadata to determine which
// object files come from where and selectively skip them.
let skip_object_files = native_libs.iter().any(|lib| {
lib.kind == NativeLibraryKind::NativeStatic && !relevant_lib(sess, lib)
});
ab.add_rlib(path, &name.as_str(), sess.lto(), skip_object_files).unwrap();
all_native_libs.extend(sess.cstore.native_libraries(cnum));
});
ab.update_symbols();
ab.build();
if !all_native_libs.is_empty() {
sess.note_without_error("link against the following native artifacts when linking against \
this static library");
sess.note_without_error("the order and any duplication can be significant on some \
platforms, and so may need to be preserved");
}
for lib in all_native_libs.iter().filter(|l| relevant_lib(sess, l)) {
let name = match lib.kind {
NativeLibraryKind::NativeStaticNobundle |
NativeLibraryKind::NativeUnknown => "library",
NativeLibraryKind::NativeFramework => "framework",
// These are included, no need to print them
NativeLibraryKind::NativeStatic => continue,
};
sess.note_without_error(&format!("{}: {}", name, lib.name));
}
}
// Create a dynamic library or executable
//
// This will invoke the system linker/cc to create the resulting file. This
// links to all upstream files as well.
fn link_natively(sess: &Session,
crate_type: config::CrateType,
objects: &[PathBuf],
out_filename: &Path,
trans: &CrateTranslation,
outputs: &OutputFilenames,
tmpdir: &Path) {
info!("preparing {:?} from {:?} to {:?}", crate_type, objects, out_filename);
let flavor = sess.linker_flavor();
// The invocations of cc share some flags across platforms
let (pname, mut cmd, extra) = get_linker(sess);
cmd.env("PATH", command_path(sess, extra));
let root = sess.target_filesearch(PathKind::Native).get_lib_path();
if let Some(args) = sess.target.target.options.pre_link_args.get(&flavor) {
cmd.args(args);
}
let pre_link_objects = if crate_type == config::CrateTypeExecutable {
&sess.target.target.options.pre_link_objects_exe
} else {
&sess.target.target.options.pre_link_objects_dll
};
for obj in pre_link_objects {
cmd.arg(root.join(obj));
}
if sess.target.target.options.is_like_emscripten {
cmd.arg("-s");
cmd.arg(if sess.panic_strategy() == PanicStrategy::Abort {
"DISABLE_EXCEPTION_CATCHING=1"
} else {
"DISABLE_EXCEPTION_CATCHING=0"
});
}
{
let mut linker = trans.linker_info.to_linker(cmd, &sess);
link_args(&mut *linker, sess, crate_type, tmpdir,
objects, out_filename, outputs, trans);
cmd = linker.finalize();
}
if let Some(args) = sess.target.target.options.late_link_args.get(&flavor) {
cmd.args(args);
}
for obj in &sess.target.target.options.post_link_objects {
cmd.arg(root.join(obj));
}
if let Some(args) = sess.target.target.options.post_link_args.get(&flavor) {
cmd.args(args);
}
if sess.opts.debugging_opts.print_link_args {
println!("{:?}", &cmd);
}
// May have not found libraries in the right formats.
sess.abort_if_errors();
// Invoke the system linker
//
// Note that there's a terribly awful hack that really shouldn't be present
// in any compiler. Here an environment variable is supported to
// automatically retry the linker invocation if the linker looks like it
// segfaulted.
//
// Gee that seems odd, normally segfaults are things we want to know about!
// Unfortunately though in rust-lang/rust#38878 we're experiencing the
// linker segfaulting on Travis quite a bit which is causing quite a bit of
// pain to land PRs when they spuriously fail due to a segfault.
//
// The issue #38878 has some more debugging information on it as well, but
// this unfortunately looks like it's just a race condition in macOS's linker
// with some thread pool working in the background. It seems that no one
// currently knows a fix for this so in the meantime we're left with this...
info!("{:?}", &cmd);
let retry_on_segfault = env::var("RUSTC_RETRY_LINKER_ON_SEGFAULT").is_ok();
let mut prog;
let mut i = 0;
loop {
i += 1;
prog = time(sess.time_passes(), "running linker", || cmd.output());
if !retry_on_segfault || i > 3 {
break
}
let output = match prog {
Ok(ref output) => output,
Err(_) => break,
};
if output.status.success() {
break
}
let mut out = output.stderr.clone();
out.extend(&output.stdout);
let out = String::from_utf8_lossy(&out);
let msg = "clang: error: unable to execute command: \
Segmentation fault: 11";
if !out.contains(msg) {
break
}
sess.struct_warn("looks like the linker segfaulted when we tried to \
call it, automatically retrying again")
.note(&format!("{:?}", cmd))
.note(&out)
.emit();
}
match prog {
Ok(prog) => {
fn escape_string(s: &[u8]) -> String {
str::from_utf8(s).map(|s| s.to_owned())
.unwrap_or_else(|_| {
let mut x = "Non-UTF-8 output: ".to_string();
x.extend(s.iter()
.flat_map(|&b| ascii::escape_default(b))
.map(|b| char::from_u32(b as u32).unwrap()));
x
})
}
if !prog.status.success() {
let mut output = prog.stderr.clone();
output.extend_from_slice(&prog.stdout);
sess.struct_err(&format!("linking with `{}` failed: {}",
pname,
prog.status))
.note(&format!("{:?}", &cmd))
.note(&escape_string(&output))
.emit();
sess.abort_if_errors();
}
info!("linker stderr:\n{}", escape_string(&prog.stderr));
info!("linker stdout:\n{}", escape_string(&prog.stdout));
},
Err(e) => {
sess.struct_err(&format!("could not exec the linker `{}`: {}", pname, e))
.note(&format!("{:?}", &cmd))
.emit();
if sess.target.target.options.is_like_msvc && e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotFound {
sess.note_without_error("the msvc targets depend on the msvc linker \
but `link.exe` was not found");
sess.note_without_error("please ensure that VS 2013 or VS 2015 was installed \
with the Visual C++ option");
}
sess.abort_if_errors();
}
}
// On macOS, debuggers need this utility to get run to do some munging of
// the symbols
if sess.target.target.options.is_like_osx && sess.opts.debuginfo != NoDebugInfo {
match Command::new("dsymutil").arg(out_filename).output() {
Ok(..) => {}
Err(e) => sess.fatal(&format!("failed to run dsymutil: {}", e)),
}
}
}
fn link_args(cmd: &mut Linker,
sess: &Session,
crate_type: config::CrateType,
tmpdir: &Path,
objects: &[PathBuf],
out_filename: &Path,
outputs: &OutputFilenames,
trans: &CrateTranslation) {
// The default library location, we need this to find the runtime.
// The location of crates will be determined as needed.
let lib_path = sess.target_filesearch(PathKind::All).get_lib_path();
// target descriptor
let t = &sess.target.target;
cmd.include_path(&fix_windows_verbatim_for_gcc(&lib_path));
for obj in objects {
cmd.add_object(obj);
}
cmd.output_filename(out_filename);
if crate_type == config::CrateTypeExecutable &&
sess.target.target.options.is_like_windows {
if let Some(ref s) = trans.windows_subsystem {
cmd.subsystem(s);
}
}
// If we're building a dynamic library then some platforms need to make sure
// that all symbols are exported correctly from the dynamic library.
if crate_type != config::CrateTypeExecutable ||
sess.target.target.options.is_like_emscripten {
cmd.export_symbols(tmpdir, crate_type);
}
// When linking a dynamic library, we put the metadata into a section of the
// executable. This metadata is in a separate object file from the main
// object file, so we link that in here.
if crate_type == config::CrateTypeDylib ||
crate_type == config::CrateTypeProcMacro {
cmd.add_object(&outputs.with_extension(METADATA_OBJ_NAME));
}
// Try to strip as much out of the generated object by removing unused
// sections if possible. See more comments in linker.rs
if !sess.opts.cg.link_dead_code {
let keep_metadata = crate_type == config::CrateTypeDylib;
cmd.gc_sections(keep_metadata);
}
let used_link_args = sess.cstore.used_link_args();
if crate_type == config::CrateTypeExecutable &&
t.options.position_independent_executables {
let empty_vec = Vec::new();
let args = sess.opts.cg.link_args.as_ref().unwrap_or(&empty_vec);
let more_args = &sess.opts.cg.link_arg;
let mut args = args.iter().chain(more_args.iter()).chain(used_link_args.iter());
if get_reloc_model(sess) == llvm::RelocMode::PIC
&& !args.any(|x| *x == "-static") {
cmd.position_independent_executable();
}
}
// Pass optimization flags down to the linker.
cmd.optimize();
// Pass debuginfo flags down to the linker.
cmd.debuginfo();
// We want to prevent the compiler from accidentally leaking in any system
// libraries, so we explicitly ask gcc to not link to any libraries by
// default. Note that this does not happen for windows because windows pulls
// in some large number of libraries and I couldn't quite figure out which
// subset we wanted.
if t.options.no_default_libraries {
cmd.no_default_libraries();
}
// Take careful note of the ordering of the arguments we pass to the linker
// here. Linkers will assume that things on the left depend on things to the
// right. Things on the right cannot depend on things on the left. This is
// all formally implemented in terms of resolving symbols (libs on the right
// resolve unknown symbols of libs on the left, but not vice versa).
//
// For this reason, we have organized the arguments we pass to the linker as
// such:
//
// 1. The local object that LLVM just generated
// 2. Local native libraries
// 3. Upstream rust libraries
// 4. Upstream native libraries
//
// The rationale behind this ordering is that those items lower down in the
// list can't depend on items higher up in the list. For example nothing can
// depend on what we just generated (e.g. that'd be a circular dependency).
// Upstream rust libraries are not allowed to depend on our local native
// libraries as that would violate the structure of the DAG, in that
// scenario they are required to link to them as well in a shared fashion.
//
// Note that upstream rust libraries may contain native dependencies as
// well, but they also can't depend on what we just started to add to the
// link line. And finally upstream native libraries can't depend on anything
// in this DAG so far because they're only dylibs and dylibs can only depend
// on other dylibs (e.g. other native deps).
add_local_native_libraries(cmd, sess);
add_upstream_rust_crates(cmd, sess, crate_type, tmpdir);
add_upstream_native_libraries(cmd, sess, crate_type);
// # Telling the linker what we're doing
if crate_type != config::CrateTypeExecutable {
cmd.build_dylib(out_filename);
}
// FIXME (#2397): At some point we want to rpath our guesses as to
// where extern libraries might live, based on the
// addl_lib_search_paths
if sess.opts.cg.rpath {
let sysroot = sess.sysroot();
let target_triple = &sess.opts.target_triple;
let mut get_install_prefix_lib_path = || {
let install_prefix = option_env!("CFG_PREFIX").expect("CFG_PREFIX");
let tlib = filesearch::relative_target_lib_path(sysroot, target_triple);
let mut path = PathBuf::from(install_prefix);
path.push(&tlib);
path
};
let mut rpath_config = RPathConfig {
used_crates: sess.cstore.used_crates(LinkagePreference::RequireDynamic),
out_filename: out_filename.to_path_buf(),
has_rpath: sess.target.target.options.has_rpath,
is_like_osx: sess.target.target.options.is_like_osx,
linker_is_gnu: sess.target.target.options.linker_is_gnu,
get_install_prefix_lib_path: &mut get_install_prefix_lib_path,
};
cmd.args(&rpath::get_rpath_flags(&mut rpath_config));
}
// Finally add all the linker arguments provided on the command line along
// with any #[link_args] attributes found inside the crate
if let Some(ref args) = sess.opts.cg.link_args {
cmd.args(args);
}
cmd.args(&sess.opts.cg.link_arg);
cmd.args(&used_link_args);
}
// # Native library linking
//
// User-supplied library search paths (-L on the command line). These are
// the same paths used to find Rust crates, so some of them may have been
// added already by the previous crate linking code. This only allows them
// to be found at compile time so it is still entirely up to outside
// forces to make sure that library can be found at runtime.
//
// Also note that the native libraries linked here are only the ones located
// in the current crate. Upstream crates with native library dependencies
// may have their native library pulled in above.
fn add_local_native_libraries(cmd: &mut Linker, sess: &Session) {
sess.target_filesearch(PathKind::All).for_each_lib_search_path(|path, k| {
match k {
PathKind::Framework => { cmd.framework_path(path); }
_ => { cmd.include_path(&fix_windows_verbatim_for_gcc(path)); }
}
});
let relevant_libs = sess.cstore.used_libraries().into_iter().filter(|l| {
relevant_lib(sess, l)
});
let search_path = archive_search_paths(sess);
for lib in relevant_libs {
match lib.kind {
NativeLibraryKind::NativeUnknown => cmd.link_dylib(&lib.name.as_str()),
NativeLibraryKind::NativeFramework => cmd.link_framework(&lib.name.as_str()),
NativeLibraryKind::NativeStaticNobundle => cmd.link_staticlib(&lib.name.as_str()),
NativeLibraryKind::NativeStatic => cmd.link_whole_staticlib(&lib.name.as_str(),
&search_path)
}
}
}
// # Rust Crate linking
//
// Rust crates are not considered at all when creating an rlib output. All
// dependencies will be linked when producing the final output (instead of
// the intermediate rlib version)
fn add_upstream_rust_crates(cmd: &mut Linker,
sess: &Session,
crate_type: config::CrateType,
tmpdir: &Path) {
// All of the heavy lifting has previously been accomplished by the
// dependency_format module of the compiler. This is just crawling the
// output of that module, adding crates as necessary.
//
// Linking to a rlib involves just passing it to the linker (the linker
// will slurp up the object files inside), and linking to a dynamic library
// involves just passing the right -l flag.
let formats = sess.dependency_formats.borrow();
let data = formats.get(&crate_type).unwrap();
// Invoke get_used_crates to ensure that we get a topological sorting of
// crates.
let deps = sess.cstore.used_crates(LinkagePreference::RequireDynamic);
let mut compiler_builtins = None;
for &(cnum, _) in &deps {
// We may not pass all crates through to the linker. Some crates may
// appear statically in an existing dylib, meaning we'll pick up all the
// symbols from the dylib.
let src = sess.cstore.used_crate_source(cnum);
match data[cnum.as_usize() - 1] {
_ if sess.cstore.is_profiler_runtime(cnum) => {
add_static_crate(cmd, sess, tmpdir, crate_type, cnum);
}
_ if sess.cstore.is_sanitizer_runtime(cnum) => {
link_sanitizer_runtime(cmd, sess, tmpdir, cnum);
}
// compiler-builtins are always placed last to ensure that they're
// linked correctly.
_ if sess.cstore.is_compiler_builtins(cnum) => {
assert!(compiler_builtins.is_none());
compiler_builtins = Some(cnum);
}
Linkage::NotLinked |
Linkage::IncludedFromDylib => {}
Linkage::Static => {
add_static_crate(cmd, sess, tmpdir, crate_type, cnum);
}
Linkage::Dynamic => {
add_dynamic_crate(cmd, sess, &src.dylib.unwrap().0)
}
}
}
// compiler-builtins are always placed last to ensure that they're
// linked correctly.
// We must always link the `compiler_builtins` crate statically. Even if it
// was already "included" in a dylib (e.g. `libstd` when `-C prefer-dynamic`
// is used)
if let Some(cnum) = compiler_builtins {
add_static_crate(cmd, sess, tmpdir, crate_type, cnum);
}
// Converts a library file-stem into a cc -l argument
fn unlib<'a>(config: &config::Config, stem: &'a str) -> &'a str {
if stem.starts_with("lib") && !config.target.options.is_like_windows {
&stem[3..]
} else {
stem
}
}
// We must link the sanitizer runtime using -Wl,--whole-archive but since
// it's packed in a .rlib, it contains stuff that are not objects that will
// make the linker error. So we must remove those bits from the .rlib before
// linking it.
fn link_sanitizer_runtime(cmd: &mut Linker,
sess: &Session,
tmpdir: &Path,
cnum: CrateNum) {
let src = sess.cstore.used_crate_source(cnum);
let cratepath = &src.rlib.unwrap().0;
if sess.target.target.options.is_like_osx {
// On Apple platforms, the sanitizer is always built as a dylib, and
// LLVM will link to `@rpath/*.dylib`, so we need to specify an
// rpath to the library as well (the rpath should be absolute, see
// PR #41352 for details).
//
// FIXME: Remove this logic into librustc_*san once Cargo supports it
let rpath = cratepath.parent().unwrap();
let rpath = rpath.to_str().expect("non-utf8 component in path");
cmd.args(&["-Wl,-rpath".into(), "-Xlinker".into(), rpath.into()]);
}
let dst = tmpdir.join(cratepath.file_name().unwrap());
let cfg = archive_config(sess, &dst, Some(cratepath));
let mut archive = ArchiveBuilder::new(cfg);
archive.update_symbols();
for f in archive.src_files() {
if f.ends_with("bytecode.deflate") ||
f == sess.cstore.metadata_filename() {
archive.remove_file(&f);
continue
}
}
archive.build();
cmd.link_whole_rlib(&dst);
}
// Adds the static "rlib" versions of all crates to the command line.
// There's a bit of magic which happens here specifically related to LTO and
// dynamic libraries. Specifically:
//
// * For LTO, we remove upstream object files.
// * For dylibs we remove metadata and bytecode from upstream rlibs
//
// When performing LTO, almost(*) all of the bytecode from the upstream
// libraries has already been included in our object file output. As a
// result we need to remove the object files in the upstream libraries so
// the linker doesn't try to include them twice (or whine about duplicate
// symbols). We must continue to include the rest of the rlib, however, as
// it may contain static native libraries which must be linked in.
//
// (*) Crates marked with `#![no_builtins]` don't participate in LTO and
// their bytecode wasn't included. The object files in those libraries must
// still be passed to the linker.
//
// When making a dynamic library, linkers by default don't include any
// object files in an archive if they're not necessary to resolve the link.
// We basically want to convert the archive (rlib) to a dylib, though, so we
// *do* want everything included in the output, regardless of whether the
// linker thinks it's needed or not. As a result we must use the
// --whole-archive option (or the platform equivalent). When using this
// option the linker will fail if there are non-objects in the archive (such
// as our own metadata and/or bytecode). All in all, for rlibs to be
// entirely included in dylibs, we need to remove all non-object files.
//
// Note, however, that if we're not doing LTO or we're not producing a dylib
// (aka we're making an executable), we can just pass the rlib blindly to
// the linker (fast) because it's fine if it's not actually included as
// we're at the end of the dependency chain.
fn add_static_crate(cmd: &mut Linker,
sess: &Session,
tmpdir: &Path,
crate_type: config::CrateType,
cnum: CrateNum) {
let src = sess.cstore.used_crate_source(cnum);
let cratepath = &src.rlib.unwrap().0;
// See the comment above in `link_staticlib` and `link_rlib` for why if
// there's a static library that's not relevant we skip all object
// files.
let native_libs = sess.cstore.native_libraries(cnum);
let skip_native = native_libs.iter().any(|lib| {
lib.kind == NativeLibraryKind::NativeStatic && !relevant_lib(sess, lib)
});
if !sess.lto() && crate_type != config::CrateTypeDylib && !skip_native {
cmd.link_rlib(&fix_windows_verbatim_for_gcc(cratepath));
return
}
let dst = tmpdir.join(cratepath.file_name().unwrap());
let name = cratepath.file_name().unwrap().to_str().unwrap();
let name = &name[3..name.len() - 5]; // chop off lib/.rlib
time(sess.time_passes(), &format!("altering {}.rlib", name), || {
let cfg = archive_config(sess, &dst, Some(cratepath));
let mut archive = ArchiveBuilder::new(cfg);
archive.update_symbols();
let mut any_objects = false;
for f in archive.src_files() {
if f.ends_with("bytecode.deflate") ||
f == sess.cstore.metadata_filename() {
archive.remove_file(&f);
continue
}
let canonical = f.replace("-", "_");
let canonical_name = name.replace("-", "_");
let is_rust_object =
canonical.starts_with(&canonical_name) && {
let num = &f[name.len()..f.len() - 2];
num.len() > 0 && num[1..].parse::<u32>().is_ok()
};
// If we've been requested to skip all native object files
// (those not generated by the rust compiler) then we can skip
// this file. See above for why we may want to do this.
let skip_because_cfg_say_so = skip_native && !is_rust_object;
// If we're performing LTO and this is a rust-generated object
// file, then we don't need the object file as it's part of the
// LTO module. Note that `#![no_builtins]` is excluded from LTO,
// though, so we let that object file slide.
let skip_because_lto = sess.lto() && is_rust_object &&
!sess.cstore.is_no_builtins(cnum);
if skip_because_cfg_say_so || skip_because_lto {
archive.remove_file(&f);
} else {
any_objects = true;
}
}
if !any_objects {
return
}
archive.build();
// If we're creating a dylib, then we need to include the
// whole of each object in our archive into that artifact. This is
// because a `dylib` can be reused as an intermediate artifact.
//
// Note, though, that we don't want to include the whole of a
// compiler-builtins crate (e.g. compiler-rt) because it'll get
// repeatedly linked anyway.
if crate_type == config::CrateTypeDylib &&
!sess.cstore.is_compiler_builtins(cnum) {
cmd.link_whole_rlib(&fix_windows_verbatim_for_gcc(&dst));
} else {
cmd.link_rlib(&fix_windows_verbatim_for_gcc(&dst));
}
});
}
// Same thing as above, but for dynamic crates instead of static crates.
fn add_dynamic_crate(cmd: &mut Linker, sess: &Session, cratepath: &Path) {
// If we're performing LTO, then it should have been previously required
// that all upstream rust dependencies were available in an rlib format.
assert!(!sess.lto());
// Just need to tell the linker about where the library lives and
// what its name is
let parent = cratepath.parent();
if let Some(dir) = parent {
cmd.include_path(&fix_windows_verbatim_for_gcc(dir));
}
let filestem = cratepath.file_stem().unwrap().to_str().unwrap();
cmd.link_rust_dylib(&unlib(&sess.target, filestem),
parent.unwrap_or(Path::new("")));
}
}
// Link in all of our upstream crates' native dependencies. Remember that
// all of these upstream native dependencies are all non-static
// dependencies. We've got two cases then:
//
// 1. The upstream crate is an rlib. In this case we *must* link in the
// native dependency because the rlib is just an archive.
//
// 2. The upstream crate is a dylib. In order to use the dylib, we have to
// have the dependency present on the system somewhere. Thus, we don't
// gain a whole lot from not linking in the dynamic dependency to this
// crate as well.
//
// The use case for this is a little subtle. In theory the native
// dependencies of a crate are purely an implementation detail of the crate
// itself, but the problem arises with generic and inlined functions. If a
// generic function calls a native function, then the generic function must
// be instantiated in the target crate, meaning that the native symbol must
// also be resolved in the target crate.
fn add_upstream_native_libraries(cmd: &mut Linker, sess: &Session, crate_type: config::CrateType) {
// Be sure to use a topological sorting of crates because there may be
// interdependencies between native libraries. When passing -nodefaultlibs,
// for example, almost all native libraries depend on libc, so we have to
// make sure that's all the way at the right (liblibc is near the base of
// the dependency chain).
//
// This passes RequireStatic, but the actual requirement doesn't matter,
// we're just getting an ordering of crate numbers, we're not worried about
// the paths.
let formats = sess.dependency_formats.borrow();
let data = formats.get(&crate_type).unwrap();
let crates = sess.cstore.used_crates(LinkagePreference::RequireStatic);
for (cnum, _) in crates {
for lib in sess.cstore.native_libraries(cnum) {
if !relevant_lib(sess, &lib) {
continue
}
match lib.kind {
NativeLibraryKind::NativeUnknown => cmd.link_dylib(&lib.name.as_str()),
NativeLibraryKind::NativeFramework => cmd.link_framework(&lib.name.as_str()),
NativeLibraryKind::NativeStaticNobundle => {
// Link "static-nobundle" native libs only if the crate they originate from
// is being linked statically to the current crate. If it's linked dynamically
// or is an rlib already included via some other dylib crate, the symbols from
// native libs will have already been included in that dylib.
if data[cnum.as_usize() - 1] == Linkage::Static {
cmd.link_staticlib(&lib.name.as_str())
}
},
// ignore statically included native libraries here as we've
// already included them when we included the rust library
// previously
NativeLibraryKind::NativeStatic => {}
}
}
}
}
fn relevant_lib(sess: &Session, lib: &NativeLibrary) -> bool {
match lib.cfg {
Some(ref cfg) => attr::cfg_matches(cfg, &sess.parse_sess, None),
None => true,
}
}