NewPipeExtractor/extractor/src/main/java/org/schabi/newpipe/extractor/services/youtube/YoutubeDashManifestCreator....

1499 lines
67 KiB
Java

package org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.services.youtube;
import static org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.services.youtube.YoutubeParsingHelper.addClientInfoHeaders;
import static org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.services.youtube.YoutubeParsingHelper.getAndroidUserAgent;
import static org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.services.youtube.YoutubeParsingHelper.getIosUserAgent;
import static org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.services.youtube.YoutubeParsingHelper.isAndroidStreamingUrl;
import static org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.services.youtube.YoutubeParsingHelper.isIosStreamingUrl;
import static org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.services.youtube.YoutubeParsingHelper.isTvHtml5SimplyEmbeddedPlayerStreamingUrl;
import static org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.services.youtube.YoutubeParsingHelper.isWebStreamingUrl;
import static org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.utils.Utils.EMPTY_STRING;
import static org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.utils.Utils.isBlank;
import static org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.utils.Utils.isNullOrEmpty;
import org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.MediaFormat;
import org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.NewPipe;
import org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.downloader.Downloader;
import org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.downloader.Response;
import org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.exceptions.ExtractionException;
import org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.utils.ManifestCreatorCache;
import org.schabi.newpipe.extractor.utils.Utils;
import org.w3c.dom.Attr;
import org.w3c.dom.DOMException;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;
import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
import javax.xml.XMLConstants;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
/**
* Class to generate DASH manifests from YouTube OTF, progressive and ended/post-live-DVR streams.
* It relies on external classes from the {@link org.w3c.dom} and {@link javax.xml} packages.
*/
public final class YoutubeDashManifestCreator {
/**
* The redirect count limit that this class uses, which is the same limit as OkHttp.
*/
private static final int MAXIMUM_REDIRECT_COUNT = 20;
/**
* Cache of DASH manifests generated for OTF streams.
*/
private static final ManifestCreatorCache<String, String> OTF_CACHE
= new ManifestCreatorCache<>();
/**
* Cache of DASH manifests generated for post-live-DVR streams.
*/
private static final ManifestCreatorCache<String, String> POST_LIVE_DVR_CACHE
= new ManifestCreatorCache<>();
/**
* Cache of DASH manifests generated for progressive streams.
*/
private static final ManifestCreatorCache<String, String> PROGRESSIVE_CACHE
= new ManifestCreatorCache<>();
/**
* URL parameter of the first sequence for live, post-live-DVR and OTF streams.
*/
private static final String SQ_0 = "&sq=0";
/**
* URL parameter of the first stream request made by official clients.
*/
private static final String RN_0 = "&rn=0";
/**
* URL parameter specific to web clients. When this param is added, if a redirection occurs,
* the server will not redirect clients to the redirect URL. Instead, it will provide this URL
* as the response body.
*/
private static final String ALR_YES = "&alr=yes";
public static final String SEGMENT_TIMELINE = "SegmentTimeline";
public static final String ADAPTATION_SET = "AdaptationSet";
public static final String REPRESENTATION = "Representation";
public static final String SEGMENT_TEMPLATE = "SegmentTemplate";
public static final String INITIALIZATION = "Initialization";
public static final String PERIOD = "Period";
public static final String SEGMENT_BASE = "SegmentBase";
/**
* Enum of streaming format types used by YouTube in their streams.
*/
private enum DeliveryType {
/**
* YouTube's progressive delivery method, which works with HTTP range headers.
* (Note that official clients use the corresponding parameter instead.)
*
* <p>
* Initialization and index ranges are available to get metadata (the corresponding values
* are returned in the player response).
* </p>
*/
PROGRESSIVE,
/**
* YouTube's OTF delivery method which uses a sequence parameter to get segments of
* streams.
*
* <p>
* The first sequence (which can be fetched with the {@link #SQ_0} param) contains all the
* metadata needed to build the stream source (sidx boxes, segment length, segment count,
* duration, ...)
* </p>
*
* <p>
* Only used for videos; mostly those with a small amount of views, or ended livestreams
* which have just been re-encoded as normal videos.
* </p>
*/
OTF,
/**
* YouTube's delivery method for livestreams which uses a sequence parameter to get
* segments of streams.
*
* <p>
* Each sequence (which can be fetched with the {@link #SQ_0} param) contains its own
* metadata (sidx boxes, segment length, ...), which make no need of an initialization
* segment.
* </p>
*
* <p>
* Only used for livestreams (ended or running).
* </p>
*/
LIVE
}
private YoutubeDashManifestCreator() {
}
/**
* Exception that is thrown when the {@link YoutubeDashManifestCreator} encounters a problem
* while creating a manifest.
*/
public static final class CreationException extends Exception {
CreationException(final String message) {
super(message);
}
CreationException(final String message, final Exception e) {
super(message, e);
}
public static CreationException couldNotAdd(final String element, final Exception e) {
return new CreationException("Could not add " + element + " element", e);
}
public static CreationException couldNotAdd(final String element, final String reason) {
return new CreationException("Could not add " + element + " element: " + reason);
}
}
/**
* Create DASH manifests from a YouTube OTF stream.
*
* <p>
* OTF streams are YouTube-DASH specific streams which work with sequences and without the need
* to get a manifest (even if one is provided, it is not used by official clients).
* </p>
* <p>
* They can be found only on videos; mostly those with a small amount of views, or ended
* livestreams which have just been re-encoded as normal videos.
* </p>
*
* <p>This method needs:
* <ul>
* <li>the base URL of the stream (which, if you try to access to it, returns HTTP
* status code 404 after redirects, and if the URL is valid);</li>
* <li>an {@link ItagItem}, which needs to contain the following information:
* <ul>
* <li>its type (see {@link ItagItem.ItagType}), to identify if the content is
* an audio or a video stream;</li>
* <li>its bitrate;</li>
* <li>its mime type;</li>
* <li>its codec(s);</li>
* <li>for an audio stream: its audio channels;</li>
* <li>for a video stream: its width and height.</li>
* </ul>
* </li>
* <li>the duration of the video, which will be used if the duration could not be
* parsed from the first sequence of the stream.</li>
* </ul>
* </p>
*
* <p>In order to generate the DASH manifest, this method will:
* <ul>
* <li>request the first sequence of the stream (the base URL on which the first
* sequence parameter is appended (see {@link #SQ_0})) with a POST or GET request
* (depending of the client on which the streaming URL comes from);
* </li>
* <li>follow its redirection(s), if any;</li>
* <li>save the last URL, remove the first sequence parameter;</li>
* <li>use the information provided in the {@link ItagItem} to generate all
* elements of the DASH manifest.</li>
* </ul>
* </p>
*
* <p>
* If the duration cannot be extracted, the {@code durationSecondsFallback} value will be used
* as the stream duration.
* </p>
*
* @param otfBaseStreamingUrl the base URL of the OTF stream, which cannot be null
* @param itagItem the {@link ItagItem} corresponding to the stream, which
* cannot be null
* @param durationSecondsFallback the duration of the video, which will be used if the duration
* could not be extracted from the first sequence
* @return the manifest generated into a string
*/
@Nonnull
public static String fromOtfStreamingUrl(
@Nonnull final String otfBaseStreamingUrl,
@Nonnull final ItagItem itagItem,
final long durationSecondsFallback) throws CreationException {
if (OTF_CACHE.containsKey(otfBaseStreamingUrl)) {
return Objects.requireNonNull(OTF_CACHE.get(otfBaseStreamingUrl)).getSecond();
}
String realOtfBaseStreamingUrl = otfBaseStreamingUrl;
// Try to avoid redirects when streaming the content by saving the last URL we get
// from video servers.
final Response response = getInitializationResponse(realOtfBaseStreamingUrl,
itagItem, DeliveryType.OTF);
realOtfBaseStreamingUrl = response.latestUrl().replace(SQ_0, EMPTY_STRING)
.replace(RN_0, EMPTY_STRING).replace(ALR_YES, EMPTY_STRING);
final int responseCode = response.responseCode();
if (responseCode != 200) {
throw new CreationException("Could not get the initialization URL of "
+ "the OTF stream: response code " + responseCode);
}
final String[] segmentDuration;
try {
final String[] segmentsAndDurationsResponseSplit = response.responseBody()
// Get the lines with the durations and the following
.split("Segment-Durations-Ms: ")[1]
// Remove the other lines
.split("\n")[0]
// Get all durations and repetitions which are separated by a comma
.split(",");
final int lastIndex = segmentsAndDurationsResponseSplit.length - 1;
if (isBlank(segmentsAndDurationsResponseSplit[lastIndex])) {
segmentDuration = Arrays.copyOf(segmentsAndDurationsResponseSplit, lastIndex);
} else {
segmentDuration = segmentsAndDurationsResponseSplit;
}
} catch (final Exception e) {
throw new CreationException("Could not get segment durations", e);
}
final Document document = generateDocumentAndMpdElement(segmentDuration, DeliveryType.OTF,
itagItem, durationSecondsFallback);
generatePeriodElement(document);
generateAdaptationSetElement(document, itagItem);
generateRoleElement(document);
generateRepresentationElement(document, itagItem);
if (itagItem.itagType == ItagItem.ItagType.AUDIO) {
generateAudioChannelConfigurationElement(document, itagItem);
}
generateSegmentTemplateElement(document, realOtfBaseStreamingUrl, DeliveryType.OTF);
generateSegmentTimelineElement(document);
generateSegmentElementsForOtfStreams(segmentDuration, document);
return buildAndCacheResult(otfBaseStreamingUrl, document, OTF_CACHE);
}
/**
* Create DASH manifests from a YouTube post-live-DVR stream/ended livestream.
*
* <p>
* Post-live-DVR streams/ended livestreams are one of the YouTube DASH specific streams which
* works with sequences and without the need to get a manifest (even if one is provided but not
* used by main clients (and is complete for big ended livestreams because it doesn't return
* the full stream)).
* </p>
*
* <p>
* They can be found only on livestreams which have ended very recently (a few hours, most of
* the time)
* </p>
*
* <p>This method needs:
* <ul>
* <li>the base URL of the stream (which, if you try to access to it, returns HTTP
* status code 404 after redirects, and if the URL is valid);</li>
* <li>an {@link ItagItem}, which needs to contain the following information:
* <ul>
* <li>its type (see {@link ItagItem.ItagType}), to identify if the content is
* an audio or a video stream;</li>
* <li>its bitrate;</li>
* <li>its mime type;</li>
* <li>its codec(s);</li>
* <li>for an audio stream: its audio channels;</li>
* <li>for a video stream: its width and height.</li>
* </ul>
* </li>
* <li>the duration of the video, which will be used if the duration could not be
* parsed from the first sequence of the stream.</li>
* </ul>
* </p>
*
* <p>In order to generate the DASH manifest, this method will:
* <ul>
* <li>request the first sequence of the stream (the base URL on which the first
* sequence parameter is appended (see {@link #SQ_0})) with a POST or GET request
* (depending of the client on which the streaming URL comes from);
* </li>
* <li>follow its redirection(s), if any;</li>
* <li>save the last URL, remove the first sequence parameters;</li>
* <li>use the information provided in the {@link ItagItem} to generate all
* elements of the DASH manifest.</li>
* </ul>
* </p>
*
* <p>
* If the duration cannot be extracted, the {@code durationSecondsFallback} value will be used
* as the stream duration.
* </p>
*
* @param postLiveStreamDvrStreamingUrl the base URL of the post-live-DVR stream/ended
* livestream, which cannot be null
* @param itagItem the {@link ItagItem} corresponding to the stream, which
* cannot be null
* @param targetDurationSec the target duration of each sequence, in seconds (this
* value is returned with the targetDurationSec field for
* each stream in YouTube player response)
* @param durationSecondsFallback the duration of the ended livestream which will be used
* if the duration could not be extracted from the first
* sequence
* @return the manifest generated into a string
*/
@Nonnull
public static String fromPostLiveStreamDvrStreamingUrl(
@Nonnull final String postLiveStreamDvrStreamingUrl,
@Nonnull final ItagItem itagItem,
final int targetDurationSec,
final long durationSecondsFallback) throws CreationException {
if (POST_LIVE_DVR_CACHE.containsKey(postLiveStreamDvrStreamingUrl)) {
return Objects.requireNonNull(POST_LIVE_DVR_CACHE.get(postLiveStreamDvrStreamingUrl))
.getSecond();
}
String realPostLiveStreamDvrStreamingUrl = postLiveStreamDvrStreamingUrl;
final String streamDuration;
final String segmentCount;
if (targetDurationSec <= 0) {
throw new CreationException("targetDurationSec value is <= 0: " + targetDurationSec);
}
try {
// Try to avoid redirects when streaming the content by saving the latest URL we get
// from video servers.
final Response response = getInitializationResponse(realPostLiveStreamDvrStreamingUrl,
itagItem, DeliveryType.LIVE);
realPostLiveStreamDvrStreamingUrl = response.latestUrl().replace(SQ_0, EMPTY_STRING)
.replace(RN_0, EMPTY_STRING).replace(ALR_YES, EMPTY_STRING);
final int responseCode = response.responseCode();
if (responseCode != 200) {
throw new CreationException("Could not get the initialization "
+ "segment of the post-live-DVR stream: response code " + responseCode);
}
final Map<String, List<String>> responseHeaders = response.responseHeaders();
streamDuration = responseHeaders.get("X-Head-Time-Millis").get(0);
segmentCount = responseHeaders.get("X-Head-Seqnum").get(0);
} catch (final IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
throw new CreationException("Could not get the value of the X-Head-Time-Millis or the "
+ "X-Head-Seqnum header of the post-live-DVR streaming URL", e);
}
if (isNullOrEmpty(segmentCount)) {
throw new CreationException(
"Could not get the number of segments of the post-live-DVR stream");
}
final Document document = generateDocumentAndMpdElement(new String[] {streamDuration},
DeliveryType.LIVE, itagItem, durationSecondsFallback);
generatePeriodElement(document);
generateAdaptationSetElement(document, itagItem);
generateRoleElement(document);
generateRepresentationElement(document, itagItem);
if (itagItem.itagType == ItagItem.ItagType.AUDIO) {
generateAudioChannelConfigurationElement(document, itagItem);
}
generateSegmentTemplateElement(document, realPostLiveStreamDvrStreamingUrl,
DeliveryType.LIVE);
generateSegmentTimelineElement(document);
generateSegmentElementForPostLiveDvrStreams(document, targetDurationSec, segmentCount);
return buildAndCacheResult(postLiveStreamDvrStreamingUrl, document,
POST_LIVE_DVR_CACHE);
}
/**
* Create DASH manifests from a YouTube progressive stream.
*
* <p>
* Progressive streams are YouTube DASH streams which work with range requests and without the
* need to get a manifest.
* </p>
*
* <p>
* They can be found on all videos, and for all streams for most of videos which come from a
* YouTube partner, and on videos with a large number of views.
* </p>
*
* <p>This method needs:
* <ul>
* <li>the base URL of the stream (which, if you try to access to it, returns the whole
* stream, after redirects, and if the URL is valid);</li>
* <li>an {@link ItagItem}, which needs to contain the following information:
* <ul>
* <li>its type (see {@link ItagItem.ItagType}), to identify if the content is
* an audio or a video stream;</li>
* <li>its bitrate;</li>
* <li>its mime type;</li>
* <li>its codec(s);</li>
* <li>for an audio stream: its audio channels;</li>
* <li>for a video stream: its width and height.</li>
* </ul>
* </li>
* <li>the duration of the video, which will be used if the duration could not be
* parsed from the {@link ItagItem}.</li>
* </ul>
* </p>
*
* <p>In order to generate the DASH manifest, this method will:
* <ul>
* <li>request the base URL of the stream with a HEAD request;</li>
* <li>follow its redirection(s), if any;</li>
* <li>save the last URL;</li>
* <li>use the information provided in the {@link ItagItem} to generate all
* elements of the DASH manifest.</li>
* </ul>
* </p>
*
* <p>
* If the duration cannot be extracted, the {@code durationSecondsFallback} value will be used
* as the stream duration.
* </p>
*
* @param progressiveStreamingBaseUrl the base URL of the progressive stream, which cannot be
* null
* @param itagItem the {@link ItagItem} corresponding to the stream, which
* cannot be null
* @param durationSecondsFallback the duration of the progressive stream which will be used
* if the duration could not be extracted from the first
* sequence
* @return the manifest generated into a string
*/
@Nonnull
public static String fromProgressiveStreamingUrl(
@Nonnull final String progressiveStreamingBaseUrl,
@Nonnull final ItagItem itagItem,
final long durationSecondsFallback) throws CreationException {
if (PROGRESSIVE_CACHE.containsKey(progressiveStreamingBaseUrl)) {
return Objects.requireNonNull(PROGRESSIVE_CACHE.get(progressiveStreamingBaseUrl))
.getSecond();
}
final Document document = generateDocumentAndMpdElement(new String[]{},
DeliveryType.PROGRESSIVE, itagItem, durationSecondsFallback);
generatePeriodElement(document);
generateAdaptationSetElement(document, itagItem);
generateRoleElement(document);
generateRepresentationElement(document, itagItem);
if (itagItem.itagType == ItagItem.ItagType.AUDIO) {
generateAudioChannelConfigurationElement(document, itagItem);
}
generateBaseUrlElement(document, progressiveStreamingBaseUrl);
generateSegmentBaseElement(document, itagItem);
generateInitializationElement(document, itagItem);
return buildAndCacheResult(progressiveStreamingBaseUrl, document,
PROGRESSIVE_CACHE);
}
/**
* Get the "initialization" {@link Response response} of a stream.
*
* <p>
* This method fetches, for OTF streams and for post-live-DVR streams:
* <ul>
* <li>the base URL of the stream, to which are appended {@link #SQ_0} and {@link #RN_0}
* parameters, with a GET request for streaming URLs from the WEB client and a POST request
* for the ones from the Android client;</li>
* <li>for streaming URLs from the WEB client, the {@link #ALR_YES} param is also added.
* </li>
* </ul>
* </p>
*
* @param baseStreamingUrl the base URL of the stream, which cannot be null
* @param itagItem the {@link ItagItem} of stream, which cannot be null
* @param deliveryType the {@link DeliveryType} of the stream
* @return the "initialization" response, without redirections on the network on which the
* request(s) is/are made
*/
@SuppressWarnings("checkstyle:FinalParameters")
@Nonnull
private static Response getInitializationResponse(@Nonnull String baseStreamingUrl,
@Nonnull final ItagItem itagItem,
final DeliveryType deliveryType)
throws CreationException {
final boolean isAHtml5StreamingUrl = isWebStreamingUrl(baseStreamingUrl)
|| isTvHtml5SimplyEmbeddedPlayerStreamingUrl(baseStreamingUrl);
final boolean isAnAndroidStreamingUrl = isAndroidStreamingUrl(baseStreamingUrl);
final boolean isAnIosStreamingUrl = isIosStreamingUrl(baseStreamingUrl);
if (isAHtml5StreamingUrl) {
baseStreamingUrl += ALR_YES;
}
baseStreamingUrl = appendRnParamAndSqParamIfNeeded(baseStreamingUrl, deliveryType);
final Downloader downloader = NewPipe.getDownloader();
if (isAHtml5StreamingUrl) {
final String mimeTypeExpected = itagItem.getMediaFormat().getMimeType();
if (!isNullOrEmpty(mimeTypeExpected)) {
return getStreamingWebUrlWithoutRedirects(downloader, baseStreamingUrl,
mimeTypeExpected, deliveryType);
}
} else if (isAnAndroidStreamingUrl || isAnIosStreamingUrl) {
try {
final Map<String, List<String>> headers = new HashMap<>();
headers.put("User-Agent", Collections.singletonList(
isAnAndroidStreamingUrl ? getAndroidUserAgent(null)
: getIosUserAgent(null)));
final byte[] emptyBody = "".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
return downloader.post(baseStreamingUrl, headers, emptyBody);
} catch (final IOException | ExtractionException e) {
throw new CreationException("Could not get the "
+ (isAnIosStreamingUrl ? "ANDROID" : "IOS") + " streaming URL response", e);
}
}
try {
return downloader.get(baseStreamingUrl);
} catch (final IOException | ExtractionException e) {
throw new CreationException("Could not get the streaming URL response", e);
}
}
/**
* Append {@link #SQ_0} for post-live-DVR and OTF streams and {@link #RN_0} to all streams.
*
* @param baseStreamingUrl the base streaming URL to which the parameter(s) are being appended
* @param deliveryType the {@link DeliveryType} of the stream
* @return the base streaming URL to which the param(s) are appended, depending on the
* {@link DeliveryType} of the stream
*/
@SuppressWarnings({"checkstyle:FinalParameters", "checkstyle:FinalLocalVariable"})
@Nonnull
private static String appendRnParamAndSqParamIfNeeded(
@Nonnull String baseStreamingUrl,
@Nonnull final DeliveryType deliveryType) {
if (deliveryType != DeliveryType.PROGRESSIVE) {
baseStreamingUrl += SQ_0;
}
return baseStreamingUrl + RN_0;
}
/**
* Get a URL on which no redirection between playback hosts should be present on the network
* and/or IP used to fetch the streaming URL.
*
* <p>
* This method will follow redirects for web clients, which works in the following way:
* <ol>
* <li>the {@link #ALR_YES} param is appended to all streaming URLs</li>
* <li>if no redirection occurs, the video server will return the streaming data;</li>
* <li>if a redirection occurs, the server will respond with HTTP status code 200 and a
* text/plain mime type. The redirection URL is the response body;</li>
* <li>the redirection URL is requested and the steps above from step 2 are repeated (until
* too many redirects are reached, of course).</li>
* </ol>
* </p>
*
* @param downloader the {@link Downloader} instance to be used
* @param streamingUrl the streaming URL which we are trying to get a streaming URL
* without any redirection on the network and/or IP used
* @param responseMimeTypeExpected the response mime type expected from Google video servers
* @param deliveryType the {@link DeliveryType} of the stream
* @return the response of the stream which should have no redirections
*/
@SuppressWarnings("checkstyle:FinalParameters")
@Nonnull
private static Response getStreamingWebUrlWithoutRedirects(
@Nonnull final Downloader downloader,
@Nonnull String streamingUrl,
@Nonnull final String responseMimeTypeExpected,
@Nonnull final DeliveryType deliveryType) throws CreationException {
try {
final Map<String, List<String>> headers = new HashMap<>();
addClientInfoHeaders(headers);
String responseMimeType = "";
int redirectsCount = 0;
while (!responseMimeType.equals(responseMimeTypeExpected)
&& redirectsCount < MAXIMUM_REDIRECT_COUNT) {
final Response response;
// We can use head requests to reduce the request size, but only for progressive
// streams
if (deliveryType == DeliveryType.PROGRESSIVE) {
response = downloader.head(streamingUrl, headers);
} else {
response = downloader.get(streamingUrl, headers);
}
final int responseCode = response.responseCode();
if (responseCode != 200) {
throw new CreationException("Could not get the initialization URL of the "
+ deliveryType + " stream: response code " + responseCode);
}
// A valid response must include a Content-Type header, so we can require that
// the response from video servers has this header.
responseMimeType = Objects.requireNonNull(response.getHeader("Content-Type"),
"Could not get the Content-Type header from the streaming URL");
// The response body is the redirection URL
if (responseMimeType.equals("text/plain")) {
streamingUrl = response.responseBody();
redirectsCount++;
} else {
return response;
}
}
if (redirectsCount >= MAXIMUM_REDIRECT_COUNT) {
throw new CreationException(
"Too many redirects when trying to get the WEB streaming URL response");
}
// This should never be reached, but is required because we don't want to return null
// here
throw new CreationException(
"Could not get the WEB streaming URL response: unreachable code reached!");
} catch (final IOException | ExtractionException e) {
throw new CreationException("Could not get the WEB streaming URL response", e);
}
}
/**
* Get the duration of an OTF stream.
*
* <p>
* The duration of OTF streams is not returned into the player response and needs to be
* calculated by adding the duration of each segment.
* </p>
*
* @param segmentDuration the segment duration object extracted from the initialization
* sequence of the stream
* @return the duration of the OTF stream
*/
private static int getStreamDuration(@Nonnull final String[] segmentDuration)
throws CreationException {
try {
int streamLengthMs = 0;
for (final String segDuration : segmentDuration) {
final String[] segmentLengthRepeat = segDuration.split("\\(r=");
int segmentRepeatCount = 0;
// There are repetitions of a segment duration in other segments
if (segmentLengthRepeat.length > 1) {
segmentRepeatCount = Integer.parseInt(Utils.removeNonDigitCharacters(
segmentLengthRepeat[1]));
}
final int segmentLength = Integer.parseInt(segmentLengthRepeat[0]);
streamLengthMs += segmentLength + segmentRepeatCount * segmentLength;
}
return streamLengthMs;
} catch (final NumberFormatException e) {
throw new CreationException("Could not get stream length", e);
}
}
/**
* Create a {@link Document} object and generate the {@code <MPD>} element of the manifest.
*
* <p>
* The generated {@code <MPD>} element looks like the manifest returned into the player
* response of videos with OTF streams:
* </p>
*
* <p>
* {@code <MPD xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
* xmlns="urn:mpeg:DASH:schema:MPD:2011"
* xsi:schemaLocation="urn:mpeg:DASH:schema:MPD:2011 DASH-MPD.xsd" minBufferTime="PT1.500S"
* profiles="urn:mpeg:dash:profile:isoff-main:2011" type="static"
* mediaPresentationDuration="PT$duration$S">}
* (where {@code $duration$} represents the duration in seconds (a number with 3 digits after
* the decimal point)
* </p>
*
* <p>
* If the duration is an integer or a double with less than 3 digits after the decimal point,
* it will be converted into a double with 3 digits after the decimal point.
* </p>
*
* @param segmentDuration the segment duration object extracted from the initialization
* sequence of the stream
* @param deliveryType the {@link DeliveryType} of the stream, see the enum for
* possible values
* @param itagItem the {@link ItagItem} which will be used to get the duration
* of progressive streams
* @param durationSecondsFallback the duration in seconds, extracted from player response, used
* as a fallback if the duration could not be determined
* @return a {@link Document} object which contains a {@code <MPD>} element
*/
private static Document generateDocumentAndMpdElement(@Nonnull final String[] segmentDuration,
final DeliveryType deliveryType,
@Nonnull final ItagItem itagItem,
final long durationSecondsFallback)
throws CreationException {
try {
final Document document = newDocument();
final Element mpdElement = document.createElement("MPD");
document.appendChild(mpdElement);
final Attr xmlnsXsiAttribute = document.createAttribute("xmlns:xsi");
xmlnsXsiAttribute.setValue("http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance");
mpdElement.setAttributeNode(xmlnsXsiAttribute);
final Attr xmlns = document.createAttribute("xmlns");
xmlns.setValue("urn:mpeg:DASH:schema:MPD:2011");
mpdElement.setAttributeNode(xmlns);
final Attr xsiSchemaLocationAttribute = document.createAttribute("xsi:schemaLocation");
xsiSchemaLocationAttribute.setValue("urn:mpeg:DASH:schema:MPD:2011 DASH-MPD.xsd");
mpdElement.setAttributeNode(xsiSchemaLocationAttribute);
final Attr minBufferTimeAttribute = document.createAttribute("minBufferTime");
minBufferTimeAttribute.setValue("PT1.500S");
mpdElement.setAttributeNode(minBufferTimeAttribute);
final Attr profilesAttribute = document.createAttribute("profiles");
profilesAttribute.setValue("urn:mpeg:dash:profile:full:2011");
mpdElement.setAttributeNode(profilesAttribute);
final Attr typeAttribute = document.createAttribute("type");
typeAttribute.setValue("static");
mpdElement.setAttributeNode(typeAttribute);
final Attr mediaPresentationDurationAttribute = document.createAttribute(
"mediaPresentationDuration");
final long streamDuration;
if (deliveryType == DeliveryType.LIVE) {
streamDuration = Integer.parseInt(segmentDuration[0]);
} else if (deliveryType == DeliveryType.OTF) {
streamDuration = getStreamDuration(segmentDuration);
} else {
final long itagItemDuration = itagItem.getApproxDurationMs();
if (itagItemDuration != -1) {
streamDuration = itagItemDuration;
} else {
if (durationSecondsFallback > 0) {
streamDuration = durationSecondsFallback * 1000;
} else {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd("MPD",
"the duration of the stream could not be determined and the "
+ "durationSecondsFallback is <= 0");
}
}
}
final double duration = streamDuration / 1000.0;
final String durationSeconds = String.format(Locale.ENGLISH, "%.3f", duration);
mediaPresentationDurationAttribute.setValue("PT" + durationSeconds + "S");
mpdElement.setAttributeNode(mediaPresentationDurationAttribute);
return document;
} catch (final Exception e) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd("MPD", e);
}
}
/**
* Generate the {@code <Period>} element, appended as a child of the {@code <MPD>} element.
*
* <p>
* The {@code <MPD>} element needs to be generated before this element with
* {@link #generateDocumentAndMpdElement(String[], DeliveryType, ItagItem, long)}.
* </p>
*
* @param document the {@link Document} on which the the {@code <Period>} element will be
* appended
*/
private static void generatePeriodElement(@Nonnull final Document document)
throws CreationException {
try {
final Element mpdElement = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName("MPD").item(0);
final Element periodElement = document.createElement(PERIOD);
mpdElement.appendChild(periodElement);
} catch (final DOMException e) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd(PERIOD, e);
}
}
/**
* Generate the {@code <Period>} element, appended as a child of the {@code <MPD>} element.
*
* <p>
* The {@code <MPD>} element needs to be generated before this element with
* {@link #generateDocumentAndMpdElement(String[], DeliveryType, ItagItem, long)}.
* </p>
*
* @param document the {@link Document} on which the the {@code <Period>} element will be
* appended
* @param itagItem the {@link ItagItem} corresponding to the stream, which cannot be null
*/
private static void generateAdaptationSetElement(@Nonnull final Document document,
@Nonnull final ItagItem itagItem)
throws CreationException {
try {
final Element periodElement = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName(PERIOD)
.item(0);
final Element adaptationSetElement = document.createElement(ADAPTATION_SET);
final Attr idAttribute = document.createAttribute("id");
idAttribute.setValue("0");
adaptationSetElement.setAttributeNode(idAttribute);
final MediaFormat mediaFormat = itagItem.getMediaFormat();
if (mediaFormat == null || isNullOrEmpty(mediaFormat.mimeType)) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd(ADAPTATION_SET,
"the MediaFormat or its mime type are null or empty");
}
final Attr mimeTypeAttribute = document.createAttribute("mimeType");
mimeTypeAttribute.setValue(mediaFormat.mimeType);
adaptationSetElement.setAttributeNode(mimeTypeAttribute);
final Attr subsegmentAlignmentAttribute = document.createAttribute(
"subsegmentAlignment");
subsegmentAlignmentAttribute.setValue("true");
adaptationSetElement.setAttributeNode(subsegmentAlignmentAttribute);
periodElement.appendChild(adaptationSetElement);
} catch (final DOMException e) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd(ADAPTATION_SET, e);
}
}
/**
* Generate the {@code <Role>} element, appended as a child of the {@code <AdaptationSet>}
* element.
*
* <p>
* This element, with its attributes and values, is:
* </p>
*
* <p>
* {@code <Role schemeIdUri="urn:mpeg:DASH:role:2011" value="main"/>}
* </p>
*
* <p>
* The {@code <AdaptationSet>} element needs to be generated before this element with
* {@link #generateAdaptationSetElement(Document, ItagItem)}).
* </p>
*
* @param document the {@link Document} on which the the {@code <Role>} element will be
* appended
*/
private static void generateRoleElement(@Nonnull final Document document)
throws CreationException {
try {
final Element adaptationSetElement = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName(
ADAPTATION_SET).item(0);
final Element roleElement = document.createElement("Role");
final Attr schemeIdUriAttribute = document.createAttribute("schemeIdUri");
schemeIdUriAttribute.setValue("urn:mpeg:DASH:role:2011");
roleElement.setAttributeNode(schemeIdUriAttribute);
final Attr valueAttribute = document.createAttribute("value");
valueAttribute.setValue("main");
roleElement.setAttributeNode(valueAttribute);
adaptationSetElement.appendChild(roleElement);
} catch (final DOMException e) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd("Role", e);
}
}
/**
* Generate the {@code <Representation>} element, appended as a child of the
* {@code <AdaptationSet>} element.
*
* <p>
* The {@code <AdaptationSet>} element needs to be generated before this element with
* {@link #generateAdaptationSetElement(Document, ItagItem)}).
* </p>
*
* @param document the {@link Document} on which the the {@code <SegmentTimeline>} element will
* be appended
* @param itagItem the {@link ItagItem} to use, which cannot be null
*/
private static void generateRepresentationElement(@Nonnull final Document document,
@Nonnull final ItagItem itagItem)
throws CreationException {
try {
final Element adaptationSetElement = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName(
ADAPTATION_SET).item(0);
final Element representationElement = document.createElement(REPRESENTATION);
final int id = itagItem.id;
if (id <= 0) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd(REPRESENTATION,
"the id of the ItagItem is <= 0");
}
final Attr idAttribute = document.createAttribute("id");
idAttribute.setValue(String.valueOf(id));
representationElement.setAttributeNode(idAttribute);
final String codec = itagItem.getCodec();
if (isNullOrEmpty(codec)) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd(ADAPTATION_SET,
"the codec value is null or empty");
}
final Attr codecsAttribute = document.createAttribute("codecs");
codecsAttribute.setValue(codec);
representationElement.setAttributeNode(codecsAttribute);
final Attr startWithSAPAttribute = document.createAttribute("startWithSAP");
startWithSAPAttribute.setValue("1");
representationElement.setAttributeNode(startWithSAPAttribute);
final Attr maxPlayoutRateAttribute = document.createAttribute("maxPlayoutRate");
maxPlayoutRateAttribute.setValue("1");
representationElement.setAttributeNode(maxPlayoutRateAttribute);
final int bitrate = itagItem.getBitrate();
if (bitrate <= 0) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd(REPRESENTATION,
"the bitrate of the ItagItem is <= 0");
}
final Attr bandwidthAttribute = document.createAttribute("bandwidth");
bandwidthAttribute.setValue(String.valueOf(bitrate));
representationElement.setAttributeNode(bandwidthAttribute);
final ItagItem.ItagType itagType = itagItem.itagType;
if (itagType == ItagItem.ItagType.VIDEO || itagType == ItagItem.ItagType.VIDEO_ONLY) {
final int height = itagItem.getHeight();
final int width = itagItem.getWidth();
if (height <= 0 && width <= 0) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd(REPRESENTATION,
"both width and height of the ItagItem are <= 0");
}
if (width > 0) {
final Attr widthAttribute = document.createAttribute("width");
widthAttribute.setValue(String.valueOf(width));
representationElement.setAttributeNode(widthAttribute);
}
final Attr heightAttribute = document.createAttribute("height");
heightAttribute.setValue(String.valueOf(itagItem.getHeight()));
representationElement.setAttributeNode(heightAttribute);
final int fps = itagItem.getFps();
if (fps > 0) {
final Attr frameRateAttribute = document.createAttribute("frameRate");
frameRateAttribute.setValue(String.valueOf(fps));
representationElement.setAttributeNode(frameRateAttribute);
}
}
if (itagType == ItagItem.ItagType.AUDIO && itagItem.getSampleRate() > 0) {
final Attr audioSamplingRateAttribute = document.createAttribute(
"audioSamplingRate");
audioSamplingRateAttribute.setValue(String.valueOf(itagItem.getSampleRate()));
}
adaptationSetElement.appendChild(representationElement);
} catch (final DOMException e) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd(REPRESENTATION, e);
}
}
/**
* Generate the {@code <AudioChannelConfiguration>} element, appended as a child of the
* {@code <Representation>} element.
*
* <p>
* This method is only used when generating DASH manifests of audio streams.
* </p>
*
* <p>
* It will produce the following element:
* <br>
* {@code <AudioChannelConfiguration
* schemeIdUri="urn:mpeg:dash:23003:3:audio_channel_configuration:2011"
* value="audioChannelsValue"}
* <br>
* (where {@code audioChannelsValue} is get from the {@link ItagItem} passed as the second
* parameter of this method)
* </p>
*
* <p>
* The {@code <Representation>} element needs to be generated before this element with
* {@link #generateRepresentationElement(Document, ItagItem)}).
* </p>
*
* @param document the {@link Document} on which the {@code <AudioChannelConfiguration>}
* element will be appended
* @param itagItem the {@link ItagItem} to use, which cannot be null
*/
private static void generateAudioChannelConfigurationElement(
@Nonnull final Document document,
@Nonnull final ItagItem itagItem) throws CreationException {
try {
final Element representationElement = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName(
REPRESENTATION).item(0);
final Element audioChannelConfigurationElement = document.createElement(
"AudioChannelConfiguration");
final Attr schemeIdUriAttribute = document.createAttribute("schemeIdUri");
schemeIdUriAttribute.setValue(
"urn:mpeg:dash:23003:3:audio_channel_configuration:2011");
audioChannelConfigurationElement.setAttributeNode(schemeIdUriAttribute);
final Attr valueAttribute = document.createAttribute("value");
final int audioChannels = itagItem.getAudioChannels();
if (audioChannels <= 0) {
throw new CreationException("audioChannels is <= 0: " + audioChannels);
}
valueAttribute.setValue(String.valueOf(itagItem.getAudioChannels()));
audioChannelConfigurationElement.setAttributeNode(valueAttribute);
representationElement.appendChild(audioChannelConfigurationElement);
} catch (final DOMException e) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd("AudioChannelConfiguration", e);
}
}
/**
* Generate the {@code <BaseURL>} element, appended as a child of the
* {@code <Representation>} element.
*
* <p>
* This method is only used when generating DASH manifests from progressive streams.
* </p>
*
* <p>
* The {@code <Representation>} element needs to be generated before this element with
* {@link #generateRepresentationElement(Document, ItagItem)}).
* </p>
*
* @param document the {@link Document} on which the {@code <BaseURL>} element will
* be appended
* @param baseUrl the base URL of the stream, which cannot be null and will be set as the
* content of the {@code <BaseURL>} element
*/
private static void generateBaseUrlElement(@Nonnull final Document document,
@Nonnull final String baseUrl)
throws CreationException {
try {
final Element representationElement = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName(
REPRESENTATION).item(0);
final Element baseURLElement = document.createElement("BaseURL");
baseURLElement.setTextContent(baseUrl);
representationElement.appendChild(baseURLElement);
} catch (final DOMException e) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd("BaseURL", e);
}
}
// CHECKSTYLE:OFF
/**
* Generate the {@code <SegmentBase>} element, appended as a child of the
* {@code <Representation>} element.
*
* <p>
* This method is only used when generating DASH manifests from progressive streams.
* </p>
*
* <p>
* It generates the following element:
* <br>
* {@code <SegmentBase indexRange="indexStart-indexEnd"></SegmentBase>}
* <br>
* (where {@code indexStart} and {@code indexEnd} are gotten from the {@link ItagItem} passed
* as the second parameter)
* </p>
*
* <p>
* The {@code <Representation>} element needs to be generated before this element with
* {@link #generateRepresentationElement(Document, ItagItem)}).
* </p>
*
* @param document the {@link Document} on which the {@code <SegmentBase>} element will
* be appended
* @param itagItem the {@link ItagItem} to use, which cannot be null
*/
// CHECKSTYLE:ON
private static void generateSegmentBaseElement(@Nonnull final Document document,
@Nonnull final ItagItem itagItem)
throws CreationException {
try {
final Element representationElement = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName(
REPRESENTATION).item(0);
final Element segmentBaseElement = document.createElement(SEGMENT_BASE);
final Attr indexRangeAttribute = document.createAttribute("indexRange");
if (itagItem.getIndexStart() < 0 || itagItem.getIndexEnd() < 0) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd(SEGMENT_BASE, "ItagItem's indexStart or "
+ "indexEnd are < 0: " + itagItem.getIndexStart() + "-"
+ itagItem.getIndexEnd());
}
indexRangeAttribute.setValue(itagItem.getIndexStart() + "-" + itagItem.getIndexEnd());
segmentBaseElement.setAttributeNode(indexRangeAttribute);
representationElement.appendChild(segmentBaseElement);
} catch (final DOMException e) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd(SEGMENT_BASE, e);
}
}
/**
* Generate the {@code <Initialization>} element, appended as a child of the
* {@code <SegmentBase>} element.
*
* <p>
* This method is only used when generating DASH manifests from progressive streams.
* </p>
*
* <p>
* It generates the following element:
* <br>
* {@code <Initialization range="initStart-initEnd"/>}
* <br>
* (where {@code indexStart} and {@code indexEnd} are gotten from the {@link ItagItem} passed
* as the second parameter)
* </p>
*
* <p>
* The {@code <SegmentBase>} element needs to be generated before this element with
* {@link #generateSegmentBaseElement(Document, ItagItem)}).
* </p>
*
* @param document the {@link Document} on which the {@code <Initialization>} element will
* be appended
* @param itagItem the {@link ItagItem} to use, which cannot be null
*/
private static void generateInitializationElement(@Nonnull final Document document,
@Nonnull final ItagItem itagItem)
throws CreationException {
try {
final Element segmentBaseElement = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName(
SEGMENT_BASE).item(0);
final Element initializationElement = document.createElement(INITIALIZATION);
final Attr rangeAttribute = document.createAttribute("range");
if (itagItem.getInitStart() < 0 || itagItem.getInitEnd() < 0) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd(INITIALIZATION, "ItagItem's initStart or "
+ "initEnd are < 0: " + itagItem.getInitStart() + "-"
+ itagItem.getInitEnd());
}
rangeAttribute.setValue(itagItem.getInitStart() + "-" + itagItem.getInitEnd());
initializationElement.setAttributeNode(rangeAttribute);
segmentBaseElement.appendChild(initializationElement);
} catch (final DOMException e) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd(INITIALIZATION, e);
}
}
/**
* Generate the {@code <SegmentTemplate>} element, appended as a child of the
* {@code <Representation>} element.
*
* <p>
* This method is only used when generating DASH manifests from OTF and post-live-DVR streams.
* </p>
*
* <p>
* It will produce a {@code <SegmentTemplate>} element with the following attributes:
* <ul>
* <li>{@code startNumber}, which takes the value {@code 0} for post-live-DVR streams and
* {@code 1} for OTF streams;</li>
* <li>{@code timescale}, which is always {@code 1000};</li>
* <li>{@code media}, which is the base URL of the stream on which is appended
* {@code &sq=$Number$};</li>
* <li>{@code initialization} (only for OTF streams), which is the base URL of the stream
* on which is appended {@link #SQ_0}.</li>
* </ul>
* </p>
*
* <p>
* The {@code <Representation>} element needs to be generated before this element with
* {@link #generateRepresentationElement(Document, ItagItem)}).
* </p>
*
* @param document the {@link Document} on which the {@code <SegmentTemplate>} element will
* be appended
* @param baseUrl the base URL of the OTF/post-live-DVR stream
* @param deliveryType the stream {@link DeliveryType delivery type}
*/
private static void generateSegmentTemplateElement(@Nonnull final Document document,
@Nonnull final String baseUrl,
final DeliveryType deliveryType)
throws CreationException {
try {
final Element representationElement = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName(
REPRESENTATION).item(0);
final Element segmentTemplateElement = document.createElement(SEGMENT_TEMPLATE);
final Attr startNumberAttribute = document.createAttribute("startNumber");
final boolean isDeliveryTypeLive = deliveryType == DeliveryType.LIVE;
// The first sequence of post DVR streams is the beginning of the video stream and not
// an initialization segment
final String startNumberValue = isDeliveryTypeLive ? "0" : "1";
startNumberAttribute.setValue(startNumberValue);
segmentTemplateElement.setAttributeNode(startNumberAttribute);
final Attr timescaleAttribute = document.createAttribute("timescale");
timescaleAttribute.setValue("1000");
segmentTemplateElement.setAttributeNode(timescaleAttribute);
// Post-live-DVR/ended livestreams streams don't require an initialization sequence
if (!isDeliveryTypeLive) {
final Attr initializationAttribute = document.createAttribute("initialization");
initializationAttribute.setValue(baseUrl + SQ_0);
segmentTemplateElement.setAttributeNode(initializationAttribute);
}
final Attr mediaAttribute = document.createAttribute("media");
mediaAttribute.setValue(baseUrl + "&sq=$Number$");
segmentTemplateElement.setAttributeNode(mediaAttribute);
representationElement.appendChild(segmentTemplateElement);
} catch (final DOMException e) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd(SEGMENT_TEMPLATE, e);
}
}
/**
* Generate the {@code <SegmentTimeline>} element, appended as a child of the
* {@code <SegmentTemplate>} element.
*
* <p>
* The {@code <SegmentTemplate>} element needs to be generated before this element with
* {@link #generateSegmentTemplateElement(Document, String, DeliveryType)}.
* </p>
*
* @param document the {@link Document} on which the the {@code <SegmentTimeline>} element will
* be appended
*/
private static void generateSegmentTimelineElement(@Nonnull final Document document)
throws CreationException {
try {
final Element segmentTemplateElement = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName(
SEGMENT_TEMPLATE).item(0);
final Element segmentTimelineElement = document.createElement(SEGMENT_TIMELINE);
segmentTemplateElement.appendChild(segmentTimelineElement);
} catch (final DOMException e) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd(SEGMENT_TIMELINE, e);
}
}
/**
* Generate segment elements for OTF streams.
*
* <p>
* By parsing by the first media sequence, we know how many durations and repetitions there are
* so we just have to loop into segment durations to generate the following elements for each:
* </p>
*
* <p>
* {@code <S d="segmentDuration" r="durationRepetition" />}
* </p>
*
* <p>
* If there is no repetition of the duration between two segments, the {@code r} attribute is
* not added to the {@code S} element.
* </p>
*
* <p>
* These elements will be appended as children of the {@code <SegmentTimeline>} element.
* </p>
*
* <p>
* The {@code <SegmentTimeline>} element needs to be generated before this element with
* {@link #generateSegmentTimelineElement(Document)}.
* </p>
*
* @param segmentDurations the sequences "length" or "length(r=repeat_count" extracted with the
* regexes
* @param document the {@link Document} on which the the {@code <S>} elements will be appended
*/
private static void generateSegmentElementsForOtfStreams(final String[] segmentDurations,
final Document document)
throws CreationException {
try {
final Element segmentTimelineElement = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName(
SEGMENT_TIMELINE).item(0);
for (final String segmentDuration : segmentDurations) {
final Element sElement = document.createElement("S");
final String[] segmentLengthRepeat = segmentDuration.split("\\(r=");
// make sure segmentLengthRepeat[0], which is the length, is convertible to int
Integer.parseInt(segmentLengthRepeat[0]);
// There are repetitions of a segment duration in other segments
if (segmentLengthRepeat.length > 1) {
final int segmentRepeatCount = Integer.parseInt(
Utils.removeNonDigitCharacters(segmentLengthRepeat[1]));
final Attr rAttribute = document.createAttribute("r");
rAttribute.setValue(String.valueOf(segmentRepeatCount));
sElement.setAttributeNode(rAttribute);
}
final Attr dAttribute = document.createAttribute("d");
dAttribute.setValue(segmentLengthRepeat[0]);
sElement.setAttributeNode(dAttribute);
segmentTimelineElement.appendChild(sElement);
}
} catch (final DOMException | IllegalStateException | IndexOutOfBoundsException
| NumberFormatException e) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd("segment (S)", e);
}
}
/**
* Generate the segment element for post-live-DVR streams.
*
* <p>
* We don't know the exact duration of segments for post-live-DVR streams but an
* average instead (which is the {@code targetDurationSec} value), so we can use the following
* structure to generate the segment timeline for DASH manifests of ended livestreams:
* <br>
* {@code <S d="targetDurationSecValue" r="segmentCount" />}
* </p>
*
* @param document the {@link Document} on which the the {@code <S>} element will
* be appended
* @param targetDurationSeconds the {@code targetDurationSec} value from player response's
* stream
* @param segmentCount the number of segments, extracted by the main method which
* generates manifests of post DVR livestreams
*/
private static void generateSegmentElementForPostLiveDvrStreams(
@Nonnull final Document document,
final int targetDurationSeconds,
@Nonnull final String segmentCount) throws CreationException {
try {
final Element segmentTimelineElement = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName(
SEGMENT_TIMELINE).item(0);
final Element sElement = document.createElement("S");
final Attr dAttribute = document.createAttribute("d");
dAttribute.setValue(String.valueOf(targetDurationSeconds * 1000));
sElement.setAttributeNode(dAttribute);
final Attr rAttribute = document.createAttribute("r");
rAttribute.setValue(segmentCount);
sElement.setAttributeNode(rAttribute);
segmentTimelineElement.appendChild(sElement);
} catch (final DOMException e) {
throw CreationException.couldNotAdd("segment (S)", e);
}
}
/**
* Convert a DASH manifest {@link Document document} to a string and cache it.
*
* @param originalBaseStreamingUrl the original base URL of the stream
* @param document the document to be converted
* @param manifestCreatorCache the {@link ManifestCreatorCache} on which store the
* string generated (use either {@link #OTF_CACHE},
* {@link #POST_LIVE_DVR_CACHE} or {@link #PROGRESSIVE_CACHE})
* @return the DASH manifest {@link Document document} converted to a string
*/
private static String buildAndCacheResult(
@Nonnull final String originalBaseStreamingUrl,
@Nonnull final Document document,
@Nonnull final ManifestCreatorCache<String, String> manifestCreatorCache)
throws CreationException {
try {
final String documentXml = documentToXml(document);
manifestCreatorCache.put(originalBaseStreamingUrl, documentXml);
return documentXml;
} catch (final Exception e) {
throw new CreationException(
"Could not convert the DASH manifest generated to a string", e);
}
}
/**
* Securing against XEE is done by passing {@code false} to {@link
* DocumentBuilderFactory#setExpandEntityReferences(boolean)}, also see
* <a href="https://github.com/ChuckerTeam/chucker/pull/201">ChuckerTeam/chucker#201</a>.
*
* @return an instance of document secured against XEE attacks, that should then be convertible
* to an XML string without security problems
* @see #documentToXml(Document) Use documentToXml to convert the created document to XML, which
* is also secured against XEE!
*/
private static Document newDocument() throws ParserConfigurationException {
final DocumentBuilderFactory documentBuilderFactory
= DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
documentBuilderFactory.setExpandEntityReferences(false);
final DocumentBuilder documentBuilder = documentBuilderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
return documentBuilder.newDocument();
}
/**
* Securing against XEE is done by setting {@link XMLConstants#FEATURE_SECURE_PROCESSING} to
* {@code true} in the {@link TransformerFactory}, also see
* <a href="https://github.com/ChuckerTeam/chucker/pull/201">ChuckerTeam/chucker#201</a>.
* The best way to do this would be setting the attributes {@link
* XMLConstants#ACCESS_EXTERNAL_DTD} and {@link XMLConstants#ACCESS_EXTERNAL_STYLESHEET}, but
* unfortunately the engine on Android does not support them.
*
* @param document the document to convert; must have been created using {@link #newDocument()}
* to properly prevent XEE attacks!
* @return the document converted to an XML string, making sure there can't be XEE attacks
*/
private static String documentToXml(@Nonnull final Document document)
throws TransformerException {
@SuppressWarnings("java:S2755") // see javadoc: this is actually taken care of
final TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
transformerFactory.setFeature(XMLConstants.FEATURE_SECURE_PROCESSING, true);
final Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.VERSION, "1.0");
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8");
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.STANDALONE, "no");
final StringWriter result = new StringWriter();
transformer.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(result));
return result.toString();
}
/**
* @return the cache of DASH manifests generated for OTF streams
*/
public static ManifestCreatorCache<String, String> getOtfManifestsCache() {
return OTF_CACHE;
}
/**
* @return the cache of DASH manifests generated for post-live-DVR streams
*/
public static ManifestCreatorCache<String, String> getPostLiveDvrManifestsCache() {
return POST_LIVE_DVR_CACHE;
}
/**
* @return the cache of DASH manifests generated for progressive streams
*/
public static ManifestCreatorCache<String, String> getProgressiveManifestsCache() {
return PROGRESSIVE_CACHE;
}
}