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Add info about VLAN Priority Tagging

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Owen Walpole 2020-10-04 10:03:05 -05:00 committed by GitHub
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@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ Before continuing to the setup, it's important to understand how this method wor
First, let's talk about what happens in the standard setup (without any bypass). At a high level, the following process happens when the gateway boots up:
1. All traffic on the ONT is protected with [802.1/X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.1X). So in order to talk to anything, the Router Gateway must first perform the [authentication procedure](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.1X#Typical_authentication_progression). This process uses a unique certificate that is hardcoded on your residential gateway.
1. Once the authentication completes, you'll be able to properly "talk" to the outside. But strangely, all of your traffic will need to be tagged with VLAN id 0 before the IP gateway will respond. I believe VLAN0 is an obscure Cisco feature of 802.1Q CoS, but I'm not really sure.
1. Once traffic is tagged with VLAN0, your residential gateway needs to request a public IPv4 address via DHCP. The MAC address in the DHCP request needs to match that of the MAC address that's assigned to your AT&T account. Other than that, there's nothing special about the DCHPv4 handshake.
1. After the DHCP lease is issued, the WAN setup is complete. Your LAN traffic is then NAT'd and routed to the outside.
2. Once the authentication completes, you'll be able to properly "talk" to the outside. However, all of your traffic will need to be tagged with VLAN ID 0 (a.k.a. VLAN Priority Tagging<sup>[[1]](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.1Q#Frame_format)[[2]](https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/switches/connectedgrid/cg-switch-sw-master/software/configuration/guide/vlan0/b_vlan_0.html)</sup>) before the IP gateway will respond.
3. Once traffic is tagged with VLAN0, your residential gateway needs to request a public IPv4 address via DHCP. The MAC address in the DHCP request needs to match that of the MAC address that's assigned to your AT&T account. Other than that, there's nothing special about the DCHPv4 handshake.
4. After the DHCP lease is issued, the WAN setup is complete. Your LAN traffic is then NAT'd and routed to the outside.
## Bypass Procedure