gcc/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/io_and_c.html
Benjamin Kosnik 5e3a0ed1a7 *: Regenerate.
2011-09-27  Benjamin Kosnik  <bkoz@redhat.com>

	* doc/html/*: Regenerate.

	* doc/Makefile.am: Un-nest the ext output directory.
	* doc/Makefile.in: Regenerate.
	* spine.xml: Remove authors, add abstract for short
	contents. Rename to index.html for html output.
	* manual/spine.xml: Authors here, manual starts with index.html.
	* api.xml: Update.
	* faq.xml: Same.

Co-Authored-By: Jonathan Wakely <jwakely.gcc@gmail.com>

From-SVN: r179304
2011-09-28 01:37:10 +00:00

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Interacting with C</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><meta name="keywords" content="&#10; ISO C++&#10; , &#10; library&#10; "/><meta name="keywords" content="&#10; ISO C++&#10; , &#10; runtime&#10; , &#10; library&#10; "/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library"/><link rel="up" href="io.html" title="Chapter 13.  Input and Output"/><link rel="prev" href="fstreams.html" title="File Based Streams"/><link rel="next" href="atomics.html" title="Chapter 14.  Atomics"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Interacting with C</th></tr><tr><td align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="fstreams.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 13. 
Input and Output
</th><td align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="atomics.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><div class="section" title="Interacting with C"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="std.io.c"/>Interacting with C</h2></div></div></div><div class="section" title="Using FILE* and file descriptors"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="std.io.c.FILE"/>Using FILE* and file descriptors</h3></div></div></div><p>
See the <a class="link" href="ext_io.html" title="Chapter 28. Input and Output">extensions</a> for using
<span class="type">FILE</span> and <span class="type">file descriptors</span> with
<code class="classname">ofstream</code> and
<code class="classname">ifstream</code>.
</p></div><div class="section" title="Performance"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="std.io.c.sync"/>Performance</h3></div></div></div><p>
Pathetic Performance? Ditch C.
</p><p>It sounds like a flame on C, but it isn't. Really. Calm down.
I'm just saying it to get your attention.
</p><p>Because the C++ library includes the C library, both C-style and
C++-style I/O have to work at the same time. For example:
</p><pre class="programlisting">
#include &lt;iostream&gt;
#include &lt;cstdio&gt;
std::cout &lt;&lt; "Hel";
std::printf ("lo, worl");
std::cout &lt;&lt; "d!\n";
</pre><p>This must do what you think it does.
</p><p>Alert members of the audience will immediately notice that buffering
is going to make a hash of the output unless special steps are taken.
</p><p>The special steps taken by libstdc++, at least for version 3.0,
involve doing very little buffering for the standard streams, leaving
most of the buffering to the underlying C library. (This kind of
thing is tricky to get right.)
The upside is that correctness is ensured. The downside is that
writing through <code class="code">cout</code> can quite easily lead to awful
performance when the C++ I/O library is layered on top of the C I/O
library (as it is for 3.0 by default). Some patches have been applied
which improve the situation for 3.1.
</p><p>However, the C and C++ standard streams only need to be kept in sync
when both libraries' facilities are in use. If your program only uses
C++ I/O, then there's no need to sync with the C streams. The right
thing to do in this case is to call
</p><pre class="programlisting">
#include <span class="emphasis"><em>any of the I/O headers such as ios, iostream, etc</em></span>
std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
</pre><p>You must do this before performing any I/O via the C++ stream objects.
Once you call this, the C++ streams will operate independently of the
(unused) C streams. For GCC 3.x, this means that <code class="code">cout</code> and
company will become fully buffered on their own.
</p><p>Note, by the way, that the synchronization requirement only applies to
the standard streams (<code class="code">cin</code>, <code class="code">cout</code>,
<code class="code">cerr</code>,
<code class="code">clog</code>, and their wide-character counterchapters). File stream
objects that you declare yourself have no such requirement and are fully
buffered.
</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="fstreams.html">Prev</a> </td><td align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="io.html">Up</a></td><td align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="atomics.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top">File Based Streams </td><td align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 14. 
Atomics
</td></tr></table></div></body></html>