The load balancer will spread workloads across multiple NUMA nodes,
in order to balance the load on the system. This means that sometimes
a task's preferred node has available capacity, but moving the task
there will not succeed, because that would create too large an imbalance.
In that case, other NUMA nodes need to be considered.
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-42-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
A tasks preferred node is selected based on the number of faults
recorded for a node but the actual task_numa_migate() conducts a global
search regardless of the preferred nid. This patch checks if the
preferred nid has capacity and if so, searches for a CPU within that
node. This avoids a global search when the preferred node is not
overloaded.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-41-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
This patch implements a system-wide search for swap/migration candidates
based on total NUMA hinting faults. It has a balance limit, however it
doesn't properly consider total node balance.
In the old scheme a task selected a preferred node based on the highest
number of private faults recorded on the node. In this scheme, the preferred
node is based on the total number of faults. If the preferred node for a
task changes then task_numa_migrate will search the whole system looking
for tasks to swap with that would improve both the overall compute
balance and minimise the expected number of remote NUMA hinting faults.
Not there is no guarantee that the node the source task is placed
on by task_numa_migrate() has any relationship to the newly selected
task->numa_preferred_nid due to compute overloading.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
[ Do not swap with tasks that cannot run on source cpu]
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
[ Fixed compiler warning on UP. ]
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-40-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Use the new stop_two_cpus() to implement migrate_swap(), a function that
flips two tasks between their respective cpus.
I'm fairly sure there's a less crude way than employing the stop_two_cpus()
method, but everything I tried either got horribly fragile and/or complex. So
keep it simple for now.
The notable detail is how we 'migrate' tasks that aren't runnable
anymore. We'll make it appear like we migrated them before they went to
sleep. The sole difference is the previous cpu in the wakeup path, so we
override this.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-39-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Introduce stop_two_cpus() in order to allow controlled swapping of two
tasks. It repurposes the stop_machine() state machine but only stops
the two cpus which we can do with on-stack structures and avoid
machine wide synchronization issues.
The ordering of CPUs is important to avoid deadlocks. If unordered then
two cpus calling stop_two_cpus on each other simultaneously would attempt
to queue in the opposite order on each CPU causing an AB-BA style deadlock.
By always having the lowest number CPU doing the queueing of works, we can
guarantee that works are always queued in the same order, and deadlocks
are avoided.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
[ Implemented deadlock avoidance. ]
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-38-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Base page PMD faulting is meant to batch handle NUMA hinting faults from
PTEs. However, even is no PTE faults would ever be handled within a
range the kernel still traps PMD hinting faults. This patch avoids the
overhead.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-37-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
NUMA hinting faults will not migrate a shared executable page mapped by
multiple processes on the grounds that the data is probably in the CPU
cache already and the page may just bounce between tasks running on multipl
nodes. Even if the migration is avoided, there is still the overhead of
trapping the fault, updating the statistics, making scheduler placement
decisions based on the information etc. If we are never going to migrate
the page, it is overhead for no gain and worse a process may be placed on
a sub-optimal node for shared executable pages. This patch avoids trapping
faults for shared libraries entirely.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-36-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
When a task is already running on its preferred node, increment
numa_migrate_seq to indicate that the task is settled if migration is
temporarily disabled, and memory should migrate towards it.
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
[ Only increment migrate_seq if migration temporarily disabled. ]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-35-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
When a preferred node is selected for a tasks there is an attempt to migrate
the task to a CPU there. This may fail in which case the task will only
migrate if the active load balancer takes action. This may never happen if
the conditions are not right. This patch will check at NUMA hinting fault
time if another attempt should be made to migrate the task. It will only
make an attempt once every five seconds.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-34-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
This patch replaces find_idlest_cpu_node with task_numa_find_cpu.
find_idlest_cpu_node has two critical limitations. It does not take the
scheduling class into account when calculating the load and it is unsuitable
for using when comparing loads between NUMA nodes.
task_numa_find_cpu uses similar load calculations to wake_affine() when
selecting the least loaded CPU within a scheduling domain common to the
source and destimation nodes. It avoids causing CPU load imbalances in
the machine by refusing to migrate if the relative load on the target
CPU is higher than the source CPU.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-33-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
There is a 90% regression observed with a large Oracle performance test
on a 4 node system. Profiles indicated that the overhead was due to
contention on sp_lock when looking up shared memory policies. These
policies do not have the appropriate flags to allow them to be
automatically balanced so trapping faults on them is pointless. This
patch skips VMAs that do not have MPOL_F_MOF set.
[riel@redhat.com: Initial patch]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reported-and-tested-by: Joe Mario <jmario@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-32-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The load balancer can move tasks between nodes and does not take NUMA
locality into account. With automatic NUMA balancing this may result in the
tasks working set being migrated to the new node. However, as the fault
buffer will still store faults from the old node the schduler may decide to
reset the preferred node and migrate the task back resulting in more
migrations.
The ideal would be that the scheduler did not migrate tasks with a heavy
memory footprint but this may result nodes being overloaded. We could
also discard the fault information on task migration but this would still
cause all the tasks working set to be migrated. This patch simply avoids
migrating the memory for a short time after a task is migrated.
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-31-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Ideally it would be possible to distinguish between NUMA hinting faults that
are private to a task and those that are shared. If treated identically
there is a risk that shared pages bounce between nodes depending on
the order they are referenced by tasks. Ultimately what is desirable is
that task private pages remain local to the task while shared pages are
interleaved between sharing tasks running on different nodes to give good
average performance. This is further complicated by THP as even
applications that partition their data may not be partitioning on a huge
page boundary.
To start with, this patch assumes that multi-threaded or multi-process
applications partition their data and that in general the private accesses
are more important for cpu->memory locality in the general case. Also,
no new infrastructure is required to treat private pages properly but
interleaving for shared pages requires additional infrastructure.
To detect private accesses the pid of the last accessing task is required
but the storage requirements are a high. This patch borrows heavily from
Ingo Molnar's patch "numa, mm, sched: Implement last-CPU+PID hash tracking"
to encode some bits from the last accessing task in the page flags as
well as the node information. Collisions will occur but it is better than
just depending on the node information. Node information is then used to
determine if a page needs to migrate. The PID information is used to detect
private/shared accesses. The preferred NUMA node is selected based on where
the maximum number of approximately private faults were measured. Shared
faults are not taken into consideration for a few reasons.
First, if there are many tasks sharing the page then they'll all move
towards the same node. The node will be compute overloaded and then
scheduled away later only to bounce back again. Alternatively the shared
tasks would just bounce around nodes because the fault information is
effectively noise. Either way accounting for shared faults the same as
private faults can result in lower performance overall.
The second reason is based on a hypothetical workload that has a small
number of very important, heavily accessed private pages but a large shared
array. The shared array would dominate the number of faults and be selected
as a preferred node even though it's the wrong decision.
The third reason is that multiple threads in a process will race each
other to fault the shared page making the fault information unreliable.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
[ Fix complication error when !NUMA_BALANCING. ]
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-30-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
task_numa_work skips small VMAs. At the time the logic was to reduce the
scanning overhead which was considerable. It is a dubious hack at best.
It would make much more sense to cache where faults have been observed
and only rescan those regions during subsequent PTE scans. Remove this
hack as motivation to do it properly in the future.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-29-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Currently automatic NUMA balancing is unable to distinguish between false
shared versus private pages except by ignoring pages with an elevated
page_mapcount entirely. This avoids shared pages bouncing between the
nodes whose task is using them but that is ignored quite a lot of data.
This patch kicks away the training wheels in preparation for adding support
for identifying shared/private pages is now in place. The ordering is so
that the impact of the shared/private detection can be easily measured. Note
that the patch does not migrate shared, file-backed within vmas marked
VM_EXEC as these are generally shared library pages. Migrating such pages
is not beneficial as there is an expectation they are read-shared between
caches and iTLB and iCache pressure is generally low.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-28-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
task_numa_placement checks current->mm but after buffers for faults
have already been uselessly allocated. Move the check earlier.
[peterz@infradead.org: Identified the problem]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-27-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Ideally it would be possible to distinguish between NUMA hinting faults
that are private to a task and those that are shared. This patch prepares
infrastructure for separately accounting shared and private faults by
allocating the necessary buffers and passing in relevant information. For
now, all faults are treated as private and detection will be introduced
later.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-26-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
A preferred node is selected based on the node the most NUMA hinting
faults was incurred on. There is no guarantee that the task is running
on that node at the time so this patch rescheules the task to run on
the most idle CPU of the selected node when selected. This avoids
waiting for the balancer to make a decision.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-25-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Just as "sched: Favour moving tasks towards the preferred node" favours
moving tasks towards nodes with a higher number of recorded NUMA hinting
faults, this patch resists moving tasks towards nodes with lower faults.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-24-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
This patch favours moving tasks towards NUMA node that recorded a higher
number of NUMA faults during active load balancing. Ideally this is
self-reinforcing as the longer the task runs on that node, the more faults
it should incur causing task_numa_placement to keep the task running on that
node. In reality a big weakness is that the nodes CPUs can be overloaded
and it would be more efficient to queue tasks on an idle node and migrate
to the new node. This would require additional smarts in the balancer so
for now the balancer will simply prefer to place the task on the preferred
node for a PTE scans which is controlled by the numa_balancing_settle_count
sysctl. Once the settle_count number of scans has complete the schedule
is free to place the task on an alternative node if the load is imbalanced.
[srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com: Fixed statistics]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
[ Tunable and use higher faults instead of preferred. ]
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-23-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
NUMA hinting fault counts and placement decisions are both recorded in the
same array which distorts the samples in an unpredictable fashion. The values
linearly accumulate during the scan and then decay creating a sawtooth-like
pattern in the per-node counts. It also means that placement decisions are
time sensitive. At best it means that it is very difficult to state that
the buffer holds a decaying average of past faulting behaviour. At worst,
it can confuse the load balancer if it sees one node with an artifically high
count due to very recent faulting activity and may create a bouncing effect.
This patch adds a second array. numa_faults stores the historical data
which is used for placement decisions. numa_faults_buffer holds the
fault activity during the current scan window. When the scan completes,
numa_faults decays and the values from numa_faults_buffer are copied
across.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-22-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
This patch selects a preferred node for a task to run on based on the
NUMA hinting faults. This information is later used to migrate tasks
towards the node during balancing.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-21-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
This patch tracks what nodes numa hinting faults were incurred on.
This information is later used to schedule a task on the node storing
the pages most frequently faulted by the task.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-20-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
NUMA PTE scanning slows if a NUMA hinting fault was trapped and no page
was migrated. For long-lived but idle processes there may be no faults
but the scan rate will be high and just waste CPU. This patch will slow
the scan rate for processes that are not trapping faults.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-19-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The NUMA PTE scan rate is controlled with a combination of the
numa_balancing_scan_period_min, numa_balancing_scan_period_max and
numa_balancing_scan_size. This scan rate is independent of the size
of the task and as an aside it is further complicated by the fact that
numa_balancing_scan_size controls how many pages are marked pte_numa and
not how much virtual memory is scanned.
In combination, it is almost impossible to meaningfully tune the min and
max scan periods and reasoning about performance is complex when the time
to complete a full scan is is partially a function of the tasks memory
size. This patch alters the semantic of the min and max tunables to be
about tuning the length time it takes to complete a scan of a tasks occupied
virtual address space. Conceptually this is a lot easier to understand. There
is a "sanity" check to ensure the scan rate is never extremely fast based on
the amount of virtual memory that should be scanned in a second. The default
of 2.5G seems arbitrary but it is to have the maximum scan rate after the
patch roughly match the maximum scan rate before the patch was applied.
On a similar note, numa_scan_period is in milliseconds and not
jiffies. Properly placed pages slow the scanning rate but adding 10 jiffies
to numa_scan_period means that the rate scanning slows depends on HZ which
is confusing. Get rid of the jiffies_to_msec conversion and treat it as ms.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-18-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Scan delay logic and resets are currently initialised to start scanning
immediately instead of delaying properly. Initialise them properly at
fork time and catch when a new mm has been allocated.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-17-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
PTE scanning and NUMA hinting fault handling is expensive so commit
5bca2303 ("mm: sched: numa: Delay PTE scanning until a task is scheduled
on a new node") deferred the PTE scan until a task had been scheduled on
another node. The problem is that in the purely shared memory case that
this may never happen and no NUMA hinting fault information will be
captured. We are not ruling out the possibility that something better
can be done here but for now, this patch needs to be reverted and depend
entirely on the scan_delay to avoid punishing short-lived processes.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-16-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Avoiding marking PTEs pte_numa because a particular NUMA node is migrate rate
limited sees like a bad idea. Even if this node can't migrate anymore other
nodes might and we want up-to-date information to do balance decisions.
We already rate limit the actual migrations, this should leave enough
bandwidth to allow the non-migrating scanning. I think its important we
keep up-to-date information if we're going to do placement based on it.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-15-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
With a trace_printk("working\n"); right after the cmpxchg in
task_numa_work() we can see that of a 4 thread process, its always the
same task winning the race and doing the protection change.
This is a problem since the task doing the protection change has a
penalty for taking faults -- it is busy when marking the PTEs. If its
always the same task the ->numa_faults[] get severely skewed.
Avoid this by delaying the task doing the protection change such that
it is unlikely to win the privilege again.
Before:
root@interlagos:~# grep "thread 0/.*working" /debug/tracing/trace | tail -15
thread 0/0-3232 [022] .... 212.787402: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3232 [022] .... 212.888473: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3232 [022] .... 212.989538: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3232 [022] .... 213.090602: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3232 [022] .... 213.191667: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3232 [022] .... 213.292734: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3232 [022] .... 213.393804: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3232 [022] .... 213.494869: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3232 [022] .... 213.596937: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3232 [022] .... 213.699000: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3232 [022] .... 213.801067: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3232 [022] .... 213.903155: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3232 [022] .... 214.005201: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3232 [022] .... 214.107266: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3232 [022] .... 214.209342: task_numa_work: working
After:
root@interlagos:~# grep "thread 0/.*working" /debug/tracing/trace | tail -15
thread 0/0-3253 [005] .... 136.865051: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/2-3255 [026] .... 136.965134: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/3-3256 [024] .... 137.065217: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/3-3256 [024] .... 137.165302: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/3-3256 [024] .... 137.265382: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3253 [004] .... 137.366465: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/2-3255 [026] .... 137.466549: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3253 [004] .... 137.566629: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3253 [004] .... 137.666711: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/1-3254 [028] .... 137.766799: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/0-3253 [004] .... 137.866876: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/2-3255 [026] .... 137.966960: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/1-3254 [028] .... 138.067041: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/2-3255 [026] .... 138.167123: task_numa_work: working
thread 0/3-3256 [024] .... 138.267207: task_numa_work: working
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-14-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The zero page is not replicated between nodes and is often shared between
processes. The data is read-only and likely to be cached in local CPUs
if heavily accessed meaning that the remote memory access cost is less
of a concern. This patch prevents trapping faults on the zero pages. For
tasks using the zero page this will reduce the number of PTE updates,
TLB flushes and hinting faults.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
[ Correct use of is_huge_zero_page]
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-13-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
NUMA PTE scanning is expensive both in terms of the scanning itself and
the TLB flush if there are any updates. The TLB flush is avoided if no
PTEs are updated but there is a bug where transhuge PMDs are considered
to be updated even if they were already pmd_numa. This patch addresses
the problem and TLB flushes should be reduced.
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-12-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
NUMA PTE scanning is expensive both in terms of the scanning itself and
the TLB flush if there are any updates. Currently non-present PTEs are
accounted for as an update and incurring a TLB flush where it is only
necessary for anonymous migration entries. This patch addresses the
problem and should reduce TLB flushes.
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-11-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
A THP PMD update is accounted for as 512 pages updated in vmstat. This is
large difference when estimating the cost of automatic NUMA balancing and
can be misleading when comparing results that had collapsed versus split
THP. This patch addresses the accounting issue.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-10-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
THP migration uses the page lock to guard against parallel allocations
but there are cases like this still open
Task A Task B
--------------------- ---------------------
do_huge_pmd_numa_page do_huge_pmd_numa_page
lock_page
mpol_misplaced == -1
unlock_page
goto clear_pmdnuma
lock_page
mpol_misplaced == 2
migrate_misplaced_transhuge
pmd = pmd_mknonnuma
set_pmd_at
During hours of testing, one crashed with weird errors and while I have
no direct evidence, I suspect something like the race above happened.
This patch extends the page lock to being held until the pmd_numa is
cleared to prevent migration starting in parallel while the pmd_numa is
being cleared. It also flushes the old pmd entry and orders pagetable
insertion before rmap insertion.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-9-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
There are three callers of task_numa_fault():
- do_huge_pmd_numa_page():
Accounts against the current node, not the node where the
page resides, unless we migrated, in which case it accounts
against the node we migrated to.
- do_numa_page():
Accounts against the current node, not the node where the
page resides, unless we migrated, in which case it accounts
against the node we migrated to.
- do_pmd_numa_page():
Accounts not at all when the page isn't migrated, otherwise
accounts against the node we migrated towards.
This seems wrong to me; all three sites should have the same
sementaics, furthermore we should accounts against where the page
really is, we already know where the task is.
So modify all three sites to always account; we did after all receive
the fault; and always account to where the page is after migration,
regardless of success.
They all still differ on when they clear the PTE/PMD; ideally that
would get sorted too.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-8-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
THP migrations are serialised by the page lock but on its own that does
not prevent THP splits. If the page is split during THP migration then
the pmd_same checks will prevent page table corruption but the unlock page
and other fix-ups potentially will cause corruption. This patch takes the
anon_vma lock to prevent parallel splits during migration.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-7-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The locking for migrating THP is unusual. While normal page migration
prevents parallel accesses using a migration PTE, THP migration relies on
a combination of the page_table_lock, the page lock and the existance of
the NUMA hinting PTE to guarantee safety but there is a bug in the scheme.
If a THP page is currently being migrated and another thread traps a
fault on the same page it checks if the page is misplaced. If it is not,
then pmd_numa is cleared. The problem is that it checks if the page is
misplaced without holding the page lock meaning that the racing thread
can be migrating the THP when the second thread clears the NUMA bit
and faults a stale page.
This patch checks if the page is potentially being migrated and stalls
using the lock_page if it is potentially being migrated before checking
if the page is misplaced or not.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-6-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
If another task handled a hinting fault in parallel then do not double
account for it.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-5-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Fix a 80 column violation and a PTE vs PMD reference.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381141781-10992-4-git-send-email-mgorman@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'v3.12-rc4' into sched/core
Merge Linux v3.12-rc4 to fix a conflict and also to refresh the tree
before applying more scheduler patches.
Conflicts:
arch/avr32/include/asm/Kbuild
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Modify the code to use current_euid(), and in_egroup_p, as in done
in fs/proc/proc_sysctl.c:test_perm()
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull SCSI target fixes from Nicholas Bellinger:
"Here are the outstanding target fixes queued up for v3.12-rc4 code.
The highlights include:
- Make vhost/scsi tag percpu_ida_alloc() use GFP_ATOMIC
- Allow sess_cmd_map allocation failure fallback to use vzalloc
- Fix COMPARE_AND_WRITE se_cmd->data_length bug with FILEIO backends
- Fixes for COMPARE_AND_WRITE callback recursive failure OOPs + non
zero scsi_status bug
- Make iscsi-target do acknowledgement tag release from RX context
- Setup iscsi-target with extra (cmdsn_depth / 2) percpu_ida tags
Also included is a iscsi-target patch CC'ed for v3.10+ that avoids
legacy wait_for_task=true release during fast-past StatSN
acknowledgement, and two other SRP target related patches that address
long-standing issues that are CC'ed for v3.3+.
Extra thanks to Thomas Glanzmann for his testing feedback with
COMPARE_AND_WRITE + EXTENDED_COPY VAAI logic"
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nab/target-pending:
iscsi-target; Allow an extra tag_num / 2 number of percpu_ida tags
iscsi-target: Perform release of acknowledged tags from RX context
iscsi-target: Only perform wait_for_tasks when performing shutdown
target: Fail on non zero scsi_status in compare_and_write_callback
target: Fix recursive COMPARE_AND_WRITE callback failure
target: Reset data_length for COMPARE_AND_WRITE to NoLB * block_size
ib_srpt: always set response for task management
target: Fall back to vzalloc upon ->sess_cmd_map kzalloc failure
vhost/scsi: Use GFP_ATOMIC with percpu_ida_alloc for obtaining tag
ib_srpt: Destroy cm_id before destroying QP.
target: Fix xop->dbl assignment in target_xcopy_parse_segdesc_02
Pull slave-dmaengine fixes from Vinod Koul:
"Here is the slave dmanegine fixes. We have the fix for deadlock issue
on imx-dma by Michael and Josh's edma config fix along with author
change"
* 'fixes' of git://git.infradead.org/users/vkoul/slave-dma:
dmaengine: imx-dma: fix callback path in tasklet
dmaengine: imx-dma: fix lockdep issue between irqhandler and tasklet
dmaengine: imx-dma: fix slow path issue in prep_dma_cyclic
dma/Kconfig: Make TI_EDMA select TI_PRIV_EDMA
edma: Update author email address
In 76854c7e8f ("sched: Use
rt.nr_cpus_allowed to recover select_task_rq() cycles") an
optimization was added to select_task_rq_rt() that immediately
returns when p->nr_cpus_allowed == 1 at the beginning of the
function.
This makes the latter p->nr_cpus_allowed > 1 check redundant,
which can now be removed.
Signed-off-by: Shawn Bohrer <sbohrer@rgmadvisors.com>
Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <mgalbraith@suse.de>
Cc: tomk@rgmadvisors.com
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1380914693-24634-1-git-send-email-shawn.bohrer@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Pull btrfs fixes from Chris Mason:
"This is a small collection of fixes, including a regression fix from
Liu Bo that solves rare crashes with compression on.
I've merged my for-linus up to 3.12-rc3 because the top commit is only
meant for 3.12. The rest of the fixes are also available in my master
branch on top of my last 3.11 based pull"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mason/linux-btrfs:
btrfs: Fix crash due to not allocating integrity data for a bioset
Btrfs: fix a use-after-free bug in btrfs_dev_replace_finishing
Btrfs: eliminate races in worker stopping code
Btrfs: fix crash of compressed writes
Btrfs: fix transid verify errors when recovering log tree
- Two patches for the OMAP driver, dealing with setting up IRQs
properly on the device tree boot path.
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Merge tag 'gpio-v3.12-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linusw/linux-gpio
Pull GPIO fixes from Linus Walleij:
"Two patches for the OMAP driver, dealing with setting up IRQs properly
on the device tree boot path"
* tag 'gpio-v3.12-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linusw/linux-gpio:
gpio/omap: auto-setup a GPIO when used as an IRQ
gpio/omap: maintain GPIO and IRQ usage separately
Here are 9 fixes for various USB driver problems. The majority are
gadget/musb fixes, but there are some new device ids in here as well.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Merge tag 'usb-3.12-rc4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/usb
Pull USB fixes from Greg KH:
"Here are none fixes for various USB driver problems. The majority are
gadget/musb fixes, but there are some new device ids in here as well"
* tag 'usb-3.12-rc4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/usb:
usb: chipidea: add Intel Clovertrail pci id
usb: gadget: s3c-hsotg: fix can_write limit for non-periodic endpoints
usb: gadget: f_fs: fix error handling
usb: musb: dsps: do not bind to "musb-hdrc"
USB: serial: option: Ignore card reader interface on Huawei E1750
usb: musb: gadget: fix otg active status flag
usb: phy: gpio-vbus: fix deferred probe from __init
usb: gadget: pxa25x_udc: fix deferred probe from __init
usb: musb: fix otg default state
Here are 2 tty driver fixes for 3.12-rc4.
One fixes the reported regression in the n_tty code that a number of
people found recently, and the other one fixes an issue with xen
consoles that broke in 3.10.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Merge tag 'tty-3.12-rc4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty
Pull tty fixes from Greg KH:
"Here are two tty driver fixes for 3.12-rc4.
One fixes the reported regression in the n_tty code that a number of
people found recently, and the other one fixes an issue with xen
consoles that broke in 3.10"
* tag 'tty-3.12-rc4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty:
xen/hvc: allow xenboot console to be used again
tty: Fix pty master read() after slave closes
