Add leading_ones and trailing_ones methods to the primitive integer types
I was surprised these were missing (given that `leading_zeros` and `trailing_zeros` exist), and they seem trivial and hopefully not controversial.
Note that there's some precedent in that `count_ones` and `count_zeros` are both supported even though only one of these has an intrinsic.
I'm not sure if these need a `rustc_const_unstable` flag (the tests don't seem to mind that it's missing). I just made them const, since there's not really any reason for these to be non-const when the `_zeros` variants are const.
Note: My understanding is trivial stuff like (hopefully) this can land without an RFC, but I'm not fully sure about the process though. Questions like "when does the tracking issue get filed?", are a total mystery to me. So, any guidance is appreciated, and sorry in advance if I should have gone through some more involved process for this.
Suggest defining type parameter when appropriate
```
error[E0412]: cannot find type `T` in this scope
--> file.rs:3:12
|
3 | impl Trait<T> for Struct {}
| - ^ not found in this scope
| |
| help: you might be missing a type parameter: `<T>`
```
Fix#64298.
Stabilize `#[repr(transparent)]` on `enum`s in Rust 1.42.0
# Stabilization report
The following is the stabilization report for `#![feature(transparent_enums)]`.
Tracking issue: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/60405
[Version target](https://forge.rust-lang.org/#current-release-versions): 1.42 (2020-01-30 => beta, 2020-03-12 => stable).
## User guide
A `struct` with only a single non-ZST field (let's call it `foo`) can be marked as `#[repr(transparent)]`. Such a `struct` has the same layout and ABI as `foo`. Here, we also extend this ability to `enum`s with only one variant, subject to the same restrictions as for the equivalent `struct`. That is, you can now write:
```rust
#[repr(transparent)]
enum Foo { Bar(u8) }
```
which, in terms of layout and ABI, is equivalent to:
```rust
#[repr(transparent)]
struct Foo(u8);
```
## Motivation
This is not a major feature that will unlock new and important use-cases. The utility of `repr(transparent)` `enum`s is indeed limited. However, there is still some value in it:
1. It provides conceptual simplification of the language in terms of treating univariant `enum`s and `struct`s the same, as both are product types. Indeed, languages like Haskell only have `data` as the only way to construct user-defined ADTs in the language.
2. In rare occasions, it might be that the user started out with a univariant `enum` for whatever reason (e.g. they thought they might extend it later). Now they want to make this `enum` `transparent` without breaking users by turning it into a `struct`. By lifting the restriction here, now they can.
## Technical specification
The reference specifies [`repr(transparent)` on a `struct`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/reference/type-layout.html#the-transparent-representation) as:
> ### The transparent Representation
>
> The `transparent` representation can only be used on `struct`s that have:
> - a single field with non-zero size, and
> - any number of fields with size 0 and alignment 1 (e.g. `PhantomData<T>`).
>
> Structs with this representation have the same layout and ABI as the single non-zero sized field.
>
> This is different than the `C` representation because a struct with the `C` representation will always have the ABI of a `C` `struct` while, for example, a struct with the `transparent` representation with a primitive field will have the ABI of the primitive field.
>
> Because this representation delegates type layout to another type, it cannot be used with any other representation.
Here, we amend this to include univariant `enum`s as well with the same static restrictions and the same effects on dynamic semantics.
## Tests
All the relevant tests are adjusted in the PR diff but are recounted here:
- `src/test/ui/repr/repr-transparent.rs` checks that `repr(transparent)` on an `enum` must be univariant, rather than having zero or more than one variant. Restrictions on the fields inside the only variants, like for those on `struct`s, are also checked here.
- A number of codegen tests are provided as well:
- `src/test/codegen/repr-transparent.rs` (the canonical test)
- `src/test/codegen/repr-transparent-aggregates-1.rs`
- `src/test/codegen/repr-transparent-aggregates-2.rs`
- `src/test/codegen/repr-transparent-aggregates-3.rs`
- `src/test/ui/lint/lint-ctypes-enum.rs` tests the interactions with the `improper_ctypes` lint.
## History
- 2019-04-30, RFC https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/2645
Author: @mjbshaw
Reviewers: The Language Team
This is the RFC that proposes allowing `#[repr(transparent)]` on `enum`s and `union`.
- 2019-06-11, PR https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/60463
Author: @mjbshaw
Reviewers: @varkor and @rkruppe
The PR implements the RFC aforementioned in full.
- 2019, PR https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/67323
Author: @Centril
Reviewers: @davidtwco
The PR reorganizes the static checks taking advantage of the fact that `struct`s and `union`s are internally represented as ADTs with a single variant.
- This PR stabilizes `transparent_enums`.
## Related / possible future work
The remaining work here is to figure out the semantics of `#[repr(transparent)]` on `union`s and stabilize those. This work continues to be tracked in https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/60405.
rustc_span: return an impl Iterator instead of a Vec from macro_backtrace.
Having `Span::macro_backtrace` produce an `impl Iterator<Item = ExpnData>` allows #67359 to use it instead of rolling its own similar functionality.
The move from `MacroBacktrace` to `ExpnData` (which the first two commits are prerequisites for) both eliminates unnecessary allocations, and is strictly more flexible (exposes more information).
r? @petrochenkov
```
error[E0412]: cannot find type `T` in this scope
--> file.rs:3:12
|
3 | impl Trait<T> for Struct {}
| - ^ not found in this scope
| |
| help: you might be missing a type parameter: `<T>`
```
Fix#64298.
perf: Avoid creating a SmallVec if nothing changes during a fold
Not sure if this helps but in theory it should be less work than what
the current micro optimization does for `ty::Predicate` lists.
(It would explain the overhead I am seeing from `perf`.)
add a test for #60976
The test fails on 1.36.0 but passes on master.
Huge thanks for @hellow554 actually digging out the minimized version of the
repro.
Fixes#60976.
Do not ICE on multipart suggestions touching multiple files
When encountering a multipart suggestion with spans belonging to
different contexts, skip that suggestion.
Fix#68449. Similar to #68256.
rustc: Allow cdylibs to link against dylibs
Previously, rustc mandated that cdylibs could only link against rlibs as dependencies (not dylibs).
This commit disables that restriction and tests that it works in a simple case.
I don't have a windows rustc dev environment, so I guessed at the MSVC test code, I'm hoping the CI can run that for me.
Additionally, we might want to consider emitting (through cargo or rustc) some metadata to help C users of a cdylib figure out where all the dylibs they need are. I don't think that should be needed to land this change, as it will still be usable by homogeneous build systems without it.
My new test was templated off the `tests/run-make-fulldeps/cdylib` test. It seemed more appropriate to have it as a separate test, since both foo.rs and bar.rs would need to be replicated to make that test cover both cases, but I can do that if it would be preferred.
If I'm doing anything out of order/process, please let me know; this is only my second change to rustc and the prior one was trivial.
r? alexcrichton
Fix invalid link to the C++ Exception Handling ABI documentation
The original link is longer valid(404). I am assuming it's meant to be pointed to the Itanium C++ Exception Handling ABI documentation.
