It is assumed that the whole GPA space is available to be DMA
addressable, within a given address space limit, except for a
tiny region before the 4G. Since Linux v5.4, VFIO validates
whether the selected GPA is indeed valid i.e. not reserved by
IOMMU on behalf of some specific devices or platform-defined
restrictions, and thus failing the ioctl(VFIO_DMA_MAP) with
-EINVAL.
AMD systems with an IOMMU are examples of such platforms and
particularly may only have these ranges as allowed:
0000000000000000 - 00000000fedfffff (0 .. 3.982G)
00000000fef00000 - 000000fcffffffff (3.983G .. 1011.9G)
0000010000000000 - ffffffffffffffff (1Tb .. 16Pb[*])
We already account for the 4G hole, albeit if the guest is big
enough we will fail to allocate a guest with >1010G due to the
~12G hole at the 1Tb boundary, reserved for HyperTransport (HT).
[*] there is another reserved region unrelated to HT that exists
in the 256T boundary in Fam 17h according to Errata #1286,
documeted also in "Open-Source Register Reference for AMD Family
17h Processors (PUB)"
When creating the region above 4G, take into account that on AMD
platforms the HyperTransport range is reserved and hence it
cannot be used either as GPAs. On those cases rather than
establishing the start of ram-above-4g to be 4G, relocate instead
to 1Tb. See AMD IOMMU spec, section 2.1.2 "IOMMU Logical
Topology", for more information on the underlying restriction of
IOVAs.
After accounting for the 1Tb hole on AMD hosts, mtree should
look like:
0000000000000000-000000007fffffff (prio 0, i/o):
alias ram-below-4g @pc.ram 0000000000000000-000000007fffffff
0000010000000000-000001ff7fffffff (prio 0, i/o):
alias ram-above-4g @pc.ram 0000000080000000-000000ffffffffff
If the relocation is done or the address space covers it, we
also add the the reserved HT e820 range as reserved.
Default phys-bits on Qemu is TCG_PHYS_ADDR_BITS (40) which is enough
to address 1Tb (0xff ffff ffff). On AMD platforms, if a
ram-above-4g relocation is attempted and the CPU wasn't configured
with a big enough phys-bits, an error message will be printed
due to the maxphysaddr vs maxusedaddr check previously added.
Suggested-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Joao Martins <joao.m.martins@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20220719170014.27028-11-joao.m.martins@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
===========
QEMU README
===========
QEMU is a generic and open source machine & userspace emulator and
virtualizer.
QEMU is capable of emulating a complete machine in software without any
need for hardware virtualization support. By using dynamic translation,
it achieves very good performance. QEMU can also integrate with the Xen
and KVM hypervisors to provide emulated hardware while allowing the
hypervisor to manage the CPU. With hypervisor support, QEMU can achieve
near native performance for CPUs. When QEMU emulates CPUs directly it is
capable of running operating systems made for one machine (e.g. an ARMv7
board) on a different machine (e.g. an x86_64 PC board).
QEMU is also capable of providing userspace API virtualization for Linux
and BSD kernel interfaces. This allows binaries compiled against one
architecture ABI (e.g. the Linux PPC64 ABI) to be run on a host using a
different architecture ABI (e.g. the Linux x86_64 ABI). This does not
involve any hardware emulation, simply CPU and syscall emulation.
QEMU aims to fit into a variety of use cases. It can be invoked directly
by users wishing to have full control over its behaviour and settings.
It also aims to facilitate integration into higher level management
layers, by providing a stable command line interface and monitor API.
It is commonly invoked indirectly via the libvirt library when using
open source applications such as oVirt, OpenStack and virt-manager.
QEMU as a whole is released under the GNU General Public License,
version 2. For full licensing details, consult the LICENSE file.
Documentation
=============
Documentation can be found hosted online at
`<https://www.qemu.org/documentation/>`_. The documentation for the
current development version that is available at
`<https://www.qemu.org/docs/master/>`_ is generated from the ``docs/``
folder in the source tree, and is built by `Sphinx
<https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/>_`.
Building
========
QEMU is multi-platform software intended to be buildable on all modern
Linux platforms, OS-X, Win32 (via the Mingw64 toolchain) and a variety
of other UNIX targets. The simple steps to build QEMU are:
.. code-block:: shell
mkdir build
cd build
../configure
make
Additional information can also be found online via the QEMU website:
* `<https://wiki.qemu.org/Hosts/Linux>`_
* `<https://wiki.qemu.org/Hosts/Mac>`_
* `<https://wiki.qemu.org/Hosts/W32>`_
Submitting patches
==================
The QEMU source code is maintained under the GIT version control system.
.. code-block:: shell
git clone https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu.git
When submitting patches, one common approach is to use 'git
format-patch' and/or 'git send-email' to format & send the mail to the
qemu-devel@nongnu.org mailing list. All patches submitted must contain
a 'Signed-off-by' line from the author. Patches should follow the
guidelines set out in the `style section
<https://www.qemu.org/docs/master/devel/style.html>` of
the Developers Guide.
Additional information on submitting patches can be found online via
the QEMU website
* `<https://wiki.qemu.org/Contribute/SubmitAPatch>`_
* `<https://wiki.qemu.org/Contribute/TrivialPatches>`_
The QEMU website is also maintained under source control.
.. code-block:: shell
git clone https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu-web.git
* `<https://www.qemu.org/2017/02/04/the-new-qemu-website-is-up/>`_
A 'git-publish' utility was created to make above process less
cumbersome, and is highly recommended for making regular contributions,
or even just for sending consecutive patch series revisions. It also
requires a working 'git send-email' setup, and by default doesn't
automate everything, so you may want to go through the above steps
manually for once.
For installation instructions, please go to
* `<https://github.com/stefanha/git-publish>`_
The workflow with 'git-publish' is:
.. code-block:: shell
$ git checkout master -b my-feature
$ # work on new commits, add your 'Signed-off-by' lines to each
$ git publish
Your patch series will be sent and tagged as my-feature-v1 if you need to refer
back to it in the future.
Sending v2:
.. code-block:: shell
$ git checkout my-feature # same topic branch
$ # making changes to the commits (using 'git rebase', for example)
$ git publish
Your patch series will be sent with 'v2' tag in the subject and the git tip
will be tagged as my-feature-v2.
Bug reporting
=============
The QEMU project uses GitLab issues to track bugs. Bugs
found when running code built from QEMU git or upstream released sources
should be reported via:
* `<https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu/-/issues>`_
If using QEMU via an operating system vendor pre-built binary package, it
is preferable to report bugs to the vendor's own bug tracker first. If
the bug is also known to affect latest upstream code, it can also be
reported via GitLab.
For additional information on bug reporting consult:
* `<https://wiki.qemu.org/Contribute/ReportABug>`_
ChangeLog
=========
For version history and release notes, please visit
`<https://wiki.qemu.org/ChangeLog/>`_ or look at the git history for
more detailed information.
Contact
=======
The QEMU community can be contacted in a number of ways, with the two
main methods being email and IRC
* `<mailto:qemu-devel@nongnu.org>`_
* `<https://lists.nongnu.org/mailman/listinfo/qemu-devel>`_
* #qemu on irc.oftc.net
Information on additional methods of contacting the community can be
found online via the QEMU website:
* `<https://wiki.qemu.org/Contribute/StartHere>`_