One instance of double closing, and invalid close(-1) in some cases
of "goto error".
Reviewed-by: Laszlo Ersek <lersek@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move declarations out of qemu-common.h for functions declared in
utils/ files: e.g. include/qemu/path.h for utils/path.c.
Move inline functions out of qemu-common.h and into new files (e.g.
include/qemu/bcd.h)
Signed-off-by: Veronia Bahaa <veroniabahaa@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Commit 57cb38b included qapi/error.h into qemu/osdep.h to get the
Error typedef. Since then, we've moved to include qemu/osdep.h
everywhere. Its file comment explains: "To avoid getting into
possible circular include dependencies, this file should not include
any other QEMU headers, with the exceptions of config-host.h,
compiler.h, os-posix.h and os-win32.h, all of which are doing a
similar job to this file and are under similar constraints."
qapi/error.h doesn't do a similar job, and it doesn't adhere to
similar constraints: it includes qapi-types.h. That's in excess of
100KiB of crap most .c files don't actually need.
Add the typedef to qemu/typedefs.h, and include that instead of
qapi/error.h. Include qapi/error.h in .c files that need it and don't
get it now. Include qapi-types.h in qom/object.h for uint16List.
Update scripts/clean-includes accordingly. Update it further to match
reality: replace config.h by config-target.h, add sysemu/os-posix.h,
sysemu/os-win32.h. Update the list of includes in the qemu/osdep.h
comment quoted above similarly.
This reduces the number of objects depending on qapi/error.h from "all
of them" to less than a third. Unfortunately, the number depending on
qapi-types.h shrinks only a little. More work is needed for that one.
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
[Fix compilation without the spice devel packages. - Paolo]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
After reporting an error, ram_block_add was going on with the registration
of the RAMBlock. The visible effect is that it unlocked the ramlist
mutex twice.
Fixes: 528f46af6e
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
gethugepagesize() works reliably only when its argument is on
hugetlbfs. When it's not, it returns the filesystem's "optimal
transfer block size", which may or may not be the actual page size
you'll get when you mmap().
If the value is too small or not a power of two, we fail
qemu_ram_mmap()'s assertions. These were added in commit 794e8f3
(v2.5.0). The bug's impact before that is currently unknown. Seems
fairly unlikely at least when the normal page size is 4KiB.
Else, if the value is too large, we align more strictly than
necessary.
gethugepagesize() goes back to commit c902760 (v0.13). That commit
clearly intended gethugepagesize() to be used on hugetlbfs only. Not
only was it named accordingly, it also printed a warning when used on
anything else. However, the commit neglected to spell out the
restriction in user documentation of -mem-path.
Commit bfc2a1a (v2.5.0) dropped the warning as bogus "because QEMU
functions perfectly well with the path on a regular tmpfs filesystem".
It sure does when you're sufficiently lucky. In my testing, I was
lucky, too.
Fix by switching to qemu_fd_getpagesize(). Rename the variable
holding its result from hpagesize to page_size.
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1457378754-21649-3-git-send-email-armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Commit 8d31d6b extended file_ram_alloc() to accept file names in
addition to directory names. Even though it passes O_CREAT to open(),
it actually works only for existing files. Reproducer adapted from
the commit's qemu-doc.texi update:
$ qemu-system-x86_64 -object memory-backend-file,size=2M,mem-path=/dev/hugepages/my-shmem-file,id=mb1
qemu-system-x86_64: -object memory-backend-file,size=2M,mem-path=/dev/hugepages/my-shmem-file,id=mb1: failed to get page size of file /dev/hugepages/my-shmem-file: No such file or directory
This is because we first get the page size for @path, then open the
actual file. Unwise even before the flawed commit, because the
directory could change in between, invalidating the page size.
Unlikely to bite in practice.
Rearrange the code to create the file (if necessary) before getting
its page size. Carefully avoid TOCTTOU conditions with a method
suggested by Paolo Bonzini.
While there, replace "hugepages" by "guest RAM" in error messages,
because host memory backends can be used for purposes other than huge
pages, e.g. /dev/shm/ shared memory. Help text of -mem-path agrees.
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1457378754-21649-2-git-send-email-armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Under heavy workloads the lookup will likely end up with the same
MemoryRegionSection from last time. Using a pointer to cache the result,
like ram_list.mru_block, significantly reduces cost of
address_space_translate.
During address space topology update, as->dispatch will be reallocated
so the pointer is invalidated automatically.
Perf reports a visible drop on the cpu usage, because phys_page_find is
not called. Before:
2.35% qemu-system-x86_64 [.] phys_page_find
0.97% qemu-system-x86_64 [.] address_space_translate_internal
0.95% qemu-system-x86_64 [.] address_space_translate
0.55% qemu-system-x86_64 [.] address_space_lookup_region
After:
0.97% qemu-system-x86_64 [.] address_space_translate_internal
0.97% qemu-system-x86_64 [.] address_space_lookup_region
0.84% qemu-system-x86_64 [.] address_space_translate
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1456813104-25902-8-git-send-email-famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This will be shared by the next patch.
Also add a comment explaining the unobvious condition on "size.hi".
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1456813104-25902-7-git-send-email-famz@redhat.com>
[Small change to the comment. - Paolo]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The only caller now knows exactly which RAMBlock to free, so it's not
necessary to do the lookup.
Reviewed-by: Gonglei <arei.gonglei@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1456813104-25902-6-git-send-email-famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
All references to mr->ram_addr are replaced by
memory_region_get_ram_addr(mr) (except for a few assertions that are
replaced with mr->ram_block).
Reviewed-by: Gonglei <arei.gonglei@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1456813104-25902-5-git-send-email-famz@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Laszlo Ersek <lersek@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
We don't force "const" qualifiers with pointers in QEMU, but it's still
good to keep a clean function interface. Assigning to mr->ram_block is
in this sense ugly - one initializer mutating its owning object's state.
Move it to memory_region_init_*, where mr->ram_addr is assigned.
Reviewed-by: Gonglei <arei.gonglei@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1456813104-25902-3-git-send-email-famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Previously we return RAMBlock.offset; now return the pointer to the
whole structure.
ram_block_add returns void now, error is completely passed with errp.
Reviewed-by: Gonglei <arei.gonglei@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1456813104-25902-2-git-send-email-famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
these two functions consume too much cpu overhead to
find the RAMBlock by ram address.
After this patch, we can pass the RAMBlock pointer
to them so that they don't need to find the RAMBlock
anymore most of the time. We can get better performance
in address translation processing.
Signed-off-by: Gonglei <arei.gonglei@huawei.com>
Message-Id: <1455935721-8804-3-git-send-email-arei.gonglei@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Each RAM memory region has a unique corresponding RAMBlock.
In the current realization, the memory region only stored
the ram_addr which means the offset of RAM address space,
We need to qurey the global ram.list to find the ram block
by ram_addr if we want to get the ram block, which is very
expensive.
Now, we store the RAMBlock pointer into memory region
structure. So, if we know the mr, we can easily get the
RAMBlock.
Signed-off-by: Gonglei <arei.gonglei@huawei.com>
Message-Id: <1456130097-4208-2-git-send-email-arei.gonglei@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
When QEMU watchpoint matches, that is not definitely an architectural
watchpoint match yet. If it is a stop-before-access watchpoint then that
is hardly possible to ignore it after throwing a TCG exception.
A special callback is introduced to check for architectural watchpoint
match before raising a TCG exception.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <serge.fdrv@gmail.com>
Message-id: 1454256948-10485-2-git-send-email-serge.fdrv@gmail.com
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Although accesses to ram_list.dirty_memory[] use atomics so multiple
threads can safely dirty the bitmap, the data structure is not fully
thread-safe yet.
This patch handles the RAM hotplug case where ram_list.dirty_memory[] is
grown. ram_list.dirty_memory[] is change from a regular bitmap to an
RCU array of pointers to fixed-size bitmap blocks. Threads can continue
accessing bitmap blocks while the array is being extended. See the
comments in the code for an in-depth explanation of struct
DirtyMemoryBlocks.
I have tested that live migration with virtio-blk dataplane works.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1453728801-5398-2-git-send-email-stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Split the bits that require it to exec/log.h.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Denis V. Lunev <den@openvz.org>
Acked-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Message-id: 1452174932-28657-8-git-send-email-den@openvz.org
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Clean up includes so that osdep.h is included first and headers
which it implies are not included manually.
This commit was created with scripts/clean-includes.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Message-id: 1453832250-766-4-git-send-email-peter.maydell@linaro.org
Add a MemoryRegion property, which if set is used to construct
the CPU's initial (default) AddressSpace.
Signed-off-by: Peter Crosthwaite <peter.crosthwaite@xilinx.com>
[PMM: code is moved from qom/cpu.c to exec.c to avoid having to
make qom/cpu.o be a non-common object file; code to use the
MemoryRegion and to default it to system_memory added.]
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com>
In the watchpoint access routines watch_mem_read and watch_mem_write,
find the correct AddressSpace to use from current_cpu and the memory
transaction attributes, rather than always assuming address_space_memory.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com>
Use cpu_get_phys_page_attrs_debug() when doing virtual-to-physical
conversions in debug related code, so that we can obtain the right
address space index and thus select the correct AddressSpace,
rather than always using cpu->as.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com>
Add a function to return the AddressSpace for a CPU based on
its numerical index. (Callers outside exec.c don't have access
to the CPUAddressSpace struct so can't just fish it out of the
CPUState struct directly.)
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com>
Pass the MemTxAttrs for the memory access to iotlb_to_region(); this
allows it to determine the correct AddressSpace to use for the lookup.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com>
When looking up the MemoryRegionSection for the new TLB entry in
tlb_set_page_with_attrs(), use cpu_asidx_from_attrs() to determine
the correct address space index for the lookup, and pass it into
address_space_translate_for_iotlb().
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com>
Allow multiple calls to cpu_address_space_init(); each
call adds an entry to the cpu->ases array at the specified
index. It is up to the target-specific CPU code to actually use
these extra address spaces.
Since this multiple AddressSpace support won't work with
KVM, add an assertion to avoid confusing failures.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com>
Rather than setting cpu->as unconditionally in cpu_exec_init
(and then having target-i386 override this later), don't set
it until the first call to cpu_address_space_init.
This requires us to initialise the address space for
both TCG and KVM (KVM doesn't need the AS listener but
it does require cpu->as to be set).
For target CPUs which don't set up any address spaces (currently
everything except i386), add the default address_space_memory
in qemu_init_vcpu().
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com>
Acked-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com>
xen_ram_alloc() dies with hw_error() on error, even though its caller
ram_block_add() handles errors just fine. Add an Error **errp
parameter and use it.
Leave case RUN_STATE_INMIGRATE alone, because that looks like some
kind of warning.
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
If virtio-net driver allocates memory in ivshmem shared memory,
vhost-net will work correctly, but vhost-user will not work because
a fd of shared memory will not be sent to vhost-user backend.
This patch fixes ivshmem to store file descriptor of shared memory.
It will be used when vhost-user negotiates vhost-user backend.
Signed-off-by: Tetsuya Mukawa <mukawa@igel.co.jp>
Reviewed-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
memcpy can take a large amount of time for small reads and writes.
Handle the common case of reading s/g descriptors from memory (there
is no corresponding "write" case that is as common, because writes
often use address_space_st* functions) by inlining the relevant
parts of address_space_read into the caller.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
We want to inline the case where there is only one iteration, because
then the compiler can also inline the memcpy. As a start, extract
everything after the first address_space_translate call.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Rather than dispatching on is_write for every iteration, make
address_space_rw call one of the two functions. The amount of
duplicate logic is pretty small, and memory_access_is_direct can
be tweaked so that it inlines better in the callers.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Simplify the code and document the assumption. The only caller
that is not within rcu_read_lock is memory_region_get_ram_ptr.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
In some cases, the same message is printed both on stderr and in the log.
Avoid duplicate output in the default case where stderr _is_ the log,
and standardize this to stderr+log where it used to use stdio+log.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The only code that sets RAMBlock.fd is file_ram_alloc(), and the only
code that calls file_ram_alloc() sets the RAM_FILE flag. That means the
flag is always set when RAMBlock.fd >= 0, and the munmap() call at
reclaim_ramblock() is dead code that never runs.
Signed-off-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1446847881-9385-1-git-send-email-ehabkost@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Replace qemu_ram_free_from_ptr() with qemu_ram_free().
The only difference between qemu_ram_free_from_ptr() and
qemu_ram_free() is that g_free_rcu() is used instead of
call_rcu(reclaim_ramblock). We can safely replace it because:
* RAM blocks allocated by qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr() always have
RAM_PREALLOC set;
* reclaim_ramblock(block) will do nothing except g_free(block)
if RAM_PREALLOC is set at block->flags.
Signed-off-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1446844805-14492-2-git-send-email-ehabkost@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
memory_region_unref(mr) can free memory.
For example I got:
Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
[Switching to Thread 0x7f43280d4700 (LWP 4462)]
0x00007f43323283c0 in phys_section_destroy (mr=0x7f43259468b0)
at /home/don/xen/tools/qemu-xen-dir/exec.c:1023
1023 if (mr->subpage) {
(gdb) bt
at /home/don/xen/tools/qemu-xen-dir/exec.c:1023
at /home/don/xen/tools/qemu-xen-dir/exec.c:1034
at /home/don/xen/tools/qemu-xen-dir/exec.c:2205
(gdb) p mr
$1 = (MemoryRegion *) 0x7f43259468b0
And this change prevents this.
Signed-off-by: Don Slutz <Don.Slutz@Gmail.com>
Message-Id: <1448921464-21845-1-git-send-email-Don.Slutz@Gmail.com>
Cc: qemu-stable@nongnu.org
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The gethugepagesize() method in exec.c printed a warning if
the file path for "-mem-path" or "-object memory-backend-file"
was not on a hugetlbfs filesystem. This warning is bogus, because
QEMU functions perfectly well with the path on a regular tmpfs
filesystem. Use of hugetlbfs vs tmpfs is a choice for the management
application or end user to make as best fits their needs. As such it
is inappropriate for QEMU to have an opinion on whether the user's
choice is right or wrong in this case.
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1448448749-1332-3-git-send-email-berrange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This reverts commit 1c7ba94a18.
That commit changed QEMU initialization order from
- object-initial, chardev, qtest, object-late
to
- chardev, qtest, object-initial, object-late
This breaks chardev setups which need to rely on objects
having been created. For example, when chardevs use TLS
encryption in the future, they need to have tls credential
objects created first.
This revert, restores the ordering introduced in
commit f08f9271bf
Author: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Date: Wed May 13 17:14:04 2015 +0100
vl: Create (most) objects before creating chardev backends
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1448448749-1332-2-git-send-email-berrange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
vhost-user-test prints a warning. A test should not need to run on
hugetlbfs, let's silence the warning under qtest. The
condition can't check on qtest_enabled() since vhost-user-test actually
doesn't use qtest accel. However, qtest_driver() can be used, if
qtest_init() is called early enough. For that reason, move chardev and
qtest initialization early.
Signed-off-by: Marc-André Lureau <marcandre.lureau@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
RAMBlocks that are not a multiple of host pages in length
cause problems for postcopy (I've seen an ACPI table on aarch64
be 5k in length - i.e. 5x target-page), so round RAMBlock sizes
up to a host-page.
This potentially breaks migration compatibility due to changes
in RAMBlock sizes; however:
1) x86 and s390 I think always have host=target page size
2) When I've tried on Power the block sizes already seem aligned.
3) I don't think there's anything else that maintains per-version
machine-types for compatibility.
Signed-off-by: Dr. David Alan Gilbert <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Add a function to find a RAMBlock by name; use it in two
of the places that already open code that loop; we've
got another use later in postcopy.
Signed-off-by: Dr. David Alan Gilbert <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Postcopy sends RAMBlock names and offsets over the wire (since it can't
rely on the order of ramaddr being the same), and it starts out with
HVA fault addresses from the kernel.
qemu_ram_block_from_host translates a HVA into a RAMBlock, an offset
in the RAMBlock and the global ram_addr_t value.
Rewrite qemu_ram_addr_from_host to use qemu_ram_block_from_host.
Provide qemu_ram_get_idstr since its the actual name text sent on the
wire.
Signed-off-by: Dr. David Alan Gilbert <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Reviewed-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Amit Shah <amit.shah@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
The migration code generally is built target-independent, however
there are a few places where knowing the target page size would
avoid artificially moving stuff into migration/ram.c.
Provide 'qemu_target_page_bits()' that returns TARGET_PAGE_BITS
to other bits of code so that they can stay target-independent.
Signed-off-by: Dr. David Alan Gilbert <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Amit Shah <amit.shah@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Whenever the MRU cache hits for the list of RAM blocks, qemu_get_ram_block
does an unnecessary write that causes a processor cache line to bounce
from one core to another. This causes a performance hit.
Reported-by: Emilio G. Cota <cota@braap.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Tokarev <mjt@tls.msk.ru>
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Merge remote-tracking branch 'remotes/bonzini/tags/for-upstream-replay' into staging
So here it is, let's see what happens.
# gpg: Signature made Fri 06 Nov 2015 09:30:34 GMT using RSA key ID 78C7AE83
# gpg: Good signature from "Paolo Bonzini <bonzini@gnu.org>"
# gpg: aka "Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>"
* remotes/bonzini/tags/for-upstream-replay:
replay: recording of the user input
replay: command line options
replay: replay blockers for devices
replay: initialization and deinitialization
replay: ptimer
bottom halves: introduce bh call function
replay: checkpoints
icount: improve counting for record/replay
replay: shutdown event
replay: recording and replaying clock ticks
replay: asynchronous events infrastructure
replay: interrupts and exceptions
cpu: replay instructions sequence
cpu-exec: allow temporary disabling icount
replay: introduce icount event
replay: introduce mutex to protect the replay log
replay: internal functions for replay log
replay: global variables and function stubs
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
This patch introduces the functions for enabling the record/replay and for
freeing the resources when simulator closes.
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Pavel Dovgalyuk <pavel.dovgaluk@ispras.ru>
Message-Id: <20150917162507.8676.90232.stgit@PASHA-ISP.def.inno>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Pavel Dovgalyuk <Pavel.Dovgaluk@ispras.ru>
This allows to explicitly specify file name to use with the backend. This
is important when using it together with ivshmem in order to make it backed
by hugetlbfs. By default filename is autogenerated using mkstemp(), and the
file is unlink()ed after creation, effectively making it anonymous. This is
not very useful with ivshmem because it ends up in a memory which cannot be
accessed by something else.
Distinction between directory and file name is done by stat() check. If an
existing directory is given, the code keeps old behavior. Otherwise it
creates or opens a file with the given pathname.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Fedin <p.fedin@samsung.com>
Tested-by: Igor Skalkin <i.skalkin@samsung.com>
Message-Id: <004301d11166$9672fe30$c358fa90$@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This ensures that cpu_reload_memory_map() is called as soon as
tcg_cpu_address_space_init() is called, and before cpu->memory_dispatch
is used. qemu-system-s390x never changes the address spaces after
tcg_cpu_address_space_init() is called, and thus tcg_commit() is never
called. This causes a SIGSEGV.
Because memory_map_init() will now call mem_commit(), we have to
initialize io_mem_* before address_space_memory and friends.
Reported-by: Philipp Kern <pkern@debian.org>
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Fixes: 0a1c71cec6
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
QEMU shouldn't exits from file_ram_alloc() if -mem-prealloc option is specified
and "object_add memory-backend-file,..." fails allocation during memory hotplug.
Propagate error to a caller and let it decide what to do with allocation failure.
That leaves QEMU alive if it can't create backend during hotplug time and
kills QEMU at startup time if backends or initial memory were misconfigured/
too large.
Signed-off-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1445274671-17704-1-git-send-email-imammedo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
New features:
VT-d support for devices behind a bridge
vhost-user migration support
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
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Merge remote-tracking branch 'remotes/mst/tags/for_upstream' into staging
vhost, pc, virtio features, fixes, cleanups
New features:
VT-d support for devices behind a bridge
vhost-user migration support
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
# gpg: Signature made Thu 22 Oct 2015 12:39:19 BST using RSA key ID D28D5469
# gpg: Good signature from "Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@kernel.org>"
# gpg: aka "Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>"
* remotes/mst/tags/for_upstream: (37 commits)
hw/isa/lpc_ich9: inject the SMI on the VCPU that is writing to APM_CNT
i386: keep cpu_model field in MachineState uptodate
vhost: set the correct queue index in case of migration with multiqueue
piix: fix resource leak reported by Coverity
seccomp: add memfd_create to whitelist
vhost-user-test: check ownership during migration
vhost-user-test: add live-migration test
vhost-user-test: learn to tweak various qemu arguments
vhost-user-test: wrap server in TestServer struct
vhost-user-test: remove useless static check
vhost-user-test: move wait_for_fds() out
vhost: add migration block if memfd failed
vhost-user: use an enum helper for features mask
vhost user: add rarp sending after live migration for legacy guest
vhost user: add support of live migration
net: add trace_vhost_user_event
vhost-user: document migration log
vhost: use a function for each call
vhost-user: add a migration blocker
vhost-user: send log shm fd along with log_base
...
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Anonymous and file-backed RAM allocation are now almost exactly the same.
Reduce code duplication by moving RAM mmap code out of oslib-posix.c and
exec.c.
Reported-by: Marc-André Lureau <mlureau@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Thibaut Collet <thibaut.collet@6wind.com>
Gather up all the fields currently in CPUState which deal with the CPU's
AddressSpace into a separate CPUAddressSpace struct. This paves the way
for allowing the CPU to know about more than one AddressSpace.
The rearrangement also allows us to make the MemoryListener a directly
embedded object in the CPUAddressSpace (it could not be embedded in
CPUState because 'struct MemoryListener' isn't defined for the user-only
builds). This allows us to resolve the FIXME in tcg_commit() by going
directly from the MemoryListener to the CPUAddressSpace.
This patch extracts the actual update of the cached dispatch pointer
from cpu_reload_memory_map() (which is renamed accordingly to
cpu_reloading_memory_map() as it is only responsible for breaking
cpu-exec.c's RCU critical section now). This lets us keep the definition
of the CPUAddressSpace struct private to exec.c.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Message-Id: <1443709790-25180-4-git-send-email-peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Currently we call cpu_reload_memory_map() from cpu_exec_init(),
but this is not necessary:
* KVM doesn't use the data structures maintained by
cpu_reload_memory_map() (the TLB and cpu->memory_dispatch)
* for TCG, we will call this function via tcg_commit() either
as soon as tcg_cpu_address_space_init() registers the listener,
or when the first MemoryRegion is added to the AddressSpace
if the AS is empty when we register the listener
The unnecessary call is awkward for adding support for multiple
address spaces per CPU, so drop it.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@gmail.com>
Message-Id: <1443709790-25180-2-git-send-email-peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This inserts a read and write protected page between RAM and QEMU
memory, for file-backend RAM.
This makes it harder to exploit QEMU bugs resulting from buffer
overflows in devices using variants of cpu_physical_memory_map,
dma_memory_map etc.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move the architecture agnostic function prototypes for exec.c out of
cputlb.h to exec-all.h. This allows hiding of the arch specific
cputlb.h from exec.c which should be getting close to having no
architecture specifics. Prepares support for multi-arch, which will have
a minimal cpu.h that services exec.c but not cputlb.h.
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Signed-off-by: Peter Crosthwaite <crosthwaite.peter@gmail.com>
Message-Id: <b4fe754c58c860315e35d44430c26b1c967ce2c9.1441614289.git.crosthwaite.peter@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Change tlb_set_dirty() to accept a CPU instead of an env pointer. This
allows for removal of another CPUArchState usage from prototypes that
need to be QOMified.
Signed-off-by: Peter Crosthwaite <crosthwaite.peter@gmail.com>
Message-Id: <d2b1dcbe7945112989861d8ba7369449c11cc273.1441614289.git.crosthwaite.peter@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
To prepare for multi-arch, cputlb.c should only have awareness of one
single architecture. This means it should not have access to the full
CPU lists which may be heterogeneous. Instead, push the CPU_LOOP() up
to the one and only caller in exec.c.
Signed-off-by: Peter Crosthwaite <crosthwaite.peter@gmail.com>
Message-Id: <db06dc6c49f8970caaf116d0385f00ee10a56f2f.1441614289.git.crosthwaite.peter@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
CPUState::crash_occurred field inside CPUState marks
that guest crash occurred. This value is added into
cpu common migration subsection.
Signed-off-by: Andrey Smetanin <asmetanin@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Denis V. Lunev <den@openvz.org>
CC: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
CC: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Message-Id: <1435924905-8926-12-git-send-email-den@openvz.org>
[Document the new field. - Paolo]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
* qemu_mutex_lock_iothread "No such process" fix
* cutils: qemu_strto* wrappers
* iohandler.c simplification
* Many other fixes and misc patches.
And some MTTCG work (with Emilio's fixes squashed):
* Signal-free TCG kick
* Removing spinlock in favor of QemuMutex
* User-mode emulation multi-threading fixes/docs
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Merge remote-tracking branch 'remotes/bonzini/tags/for-upstream' into staging
* Support for jemalloc
* qemu_mutex_lock_iothread "No such process" fix
* cutils: qemu_strto* wrappers
* iohandler.c simplification
* Many other fixes and misc patches.
And some MTTCG work (with Emilio's fixes squashed):
* Signal-free TCG kick
* Removing spinlock in favor of QemuMutex
* User-mode emulation multi-threading fixes/docs
# gpg: Signature made Thu 10 Sep 2015 09:03:07 BST using RSA key ID 78C7AE83
# gpg: Good signature from "Paolo Bonzini <bonzini@gnu.org>"
# gpg: aka "Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>"
* remotes/bonzini/tags/for-upstream: (44 commits)
cutils: work around platform differences in strto{l,ul,ll,ull}
cpu-exec: fix lock hierarchy for user-mode emulation
exec: make mmap_lock/mmap_unlock globally available
tcg: comment on which functions have to be called with mmap_lock held
tcg: add memory barriers in page_find_alloc accesses
remove unused spinlock.
replace spinlock by QemuMutex.
cpus: remove tcg_halt_cond and tcg_cpu_thread globals
cpus: protect work list with work_mutex
scripts/dump-guest-memory.py: fix after RAMBlock change
configure: Add support for jemalloc
add macro file for coccinelle
configure: factor out adding disas configure
vhost-scsi: fix wrong vhost-scsi firmware path
checkpatch: remove tests that are not relevant outside the kernel
checkpatch: adapt some tests to QEMU
CODING_STYLE: update mixed declaration rules
qmp: Add example usage of strto*l() qemu wrapper
cutils: Add qemu_strtoull() wrapper
cutils: Add qemu_strtoll() wrapper
...
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
TLS is now required on all platforms, so DECLARE_TLS/DEFINE_TLS is not
needed anymore. Removing it does not break Windows because of the
previous patch.
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use pow2floor() to round down to the nearest power of 2,
rather than an inline calculation.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1437741192-20955-5-git-send-email-peter.maydell@linaro.org
When accessing the dispatch pointer in an AddressSpace within an RCU
critical section we should always use atomic_rcu_read(). Fix an
access within memory_region_section_get_iotlb() which was incorrectly
doing a direct pointer access.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Message-Id: <1437391637-31576-1-git-send-email-peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The callers (most of them in target-foo/cpu.c) to this function all
have the cpu pointer handy. Just pass it to avoid an ENV_GET_CPU() from
core code (in exec.c).
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Cc: "Edgar E. Iglesias" <edgar.iglesias@gmail.com>
Cc: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Cc: Michael Walle <michael@walle.cc>
Cc: Leon Alrae <leon.alrae@imgtec.com>
Cc: Anthony Green <green@moxielogic.com>
Cc: Jia Liu <proljc@gmail.com>
Cc: Alexander Graf <agraf@suse.de>
Cc: Blue Swirl <blauwirbel@gmail.com>
Cc: Mark Cave-Ayland <mark.cave-ayland@ilande.co.uk>
Cc: Bastian Koppelmann <kbastian@mail.uni-paderborn.de>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Aurelien Jarno <aurelien@aurel32.net>
Signed-off-by: Peter Crosthwaite <crosthwaite.peter@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
All of the core-code usages of this API have the cpu pointer handy so
pass it in. There are only 3 architecture specific usages (2 of which
are commented out) which can just use ENV_GET_CPU() locally to get the
cpu pointer. The reduces core code usage of the CPU env, which brings
us closer to common-obj'ing these core files.
Cc: Riku Voipio <riku.voipio@iki.fi>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Crosthwaite <crosthwaite.peter@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Currently CPUState::cpu_index is monotonically increasing and a newly
created CPU always gets the next higher index. The next available
index is calculated by counting the existing number of CPUs. This is
fine as long as we only add CPUs, but there are architectures which
are starting to support CPU removal, too. For an architecture like PowerPC
which derives its CPU identifier (device tree ID) from cpu_index, the
existing logic of generating cpu_index values causes problems.
With the currently proposed method of handling vCPU removal by parking
the vCPU fd in QEMU
(Ref: http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2015-02/msg02604.html),
generating cpu_index this way will not work for PowerPC.
This patch changes the way cpu_index is handed out by maintaining
a bit map of the CPUs that tracks both addition and removal of CPUs.
The CPU bitmap allocation logic is part of cpu_exec_init(), which is
called by instance_init routines of various CPU targets. Newly added
cpu_exec_exit() API handles the deallocation part and this routine is
called from generic CPU instance_finalize.
Note: This new CPU enumeration is for !CONFIG_USER_ONLY only.
CONFIG_USER_ONLY continues to have the old enumeration logic.
Signed-off-by: Bharata B Rao <bharata@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Reviewed-by: Peter Crosthwaite <peter.crosthwaite@xilinx.com>
Acked-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Crosthwaite <crosthwaite.peter@gmail.com>
[AF: max_cpus -> MAX_CPUMASK_BITS]
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Add an Error argument to cpu_exec_init() to let users collect the
error. This is in preparation to change the CPU enumeration logic
in cpu_exec_init(). With the new enumeration logic, cpu_exec_init()
can fail if cpu_index values corresponding to max_cpus have already
been handed out.
Since all current callers of cpu_exec_init() are from instance_init,
use error_abort Error argument to abort in case of an error.
Signed-off-by: Bharata B Rao <bharata@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Reviewed-by: Peter Crosthwaite <peter.crosthwaite@xilinx.com>
Acked-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Crosthwaite <crosthwaite.peter@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Instead of initializing cpu->as, cpu->thread_id, and reloading memory
map while holding cpu_list_lock(), do it earlier, before locking the CPU
list and initializing cpu_index.
This allows the code handling cpu_index and global CPU list to be
isolated from the rest.
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
One small step in the simplification of cpu_exec_init().
Reviewed-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
QOM objects are already zero-filled when instantiated, there's no need
to explicitly set numa_node to 0.
Reviewed-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Prevously, if we hotplug a device(e.g. device_add e1000) during
migration is processing in source side, qemu will add a new ram
block but migration_bitmap is not extended.
In this case, migration_bitmap will overflow and lead qemu abort
unexpectedly.
Signed-off-by: Li Zhijian <lizhijian@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Loading the BIOS in the mac99 machine is interesting, because there is a
PROM in the middle of the BIOS region (from 16K to 32K). Before memory
region accesses were clamped, when QEMU was asked to load a BIOS from
0xfff00000 to 0xffffffff it would put even those 16K from the BIOS file
into the region. This is weird because those 16K were not actually
visible between 0xfff04000 and 0xfff07fff. However, it worked.
After clamping was added, this also worked. In this case, the
cpu_physical_memory_write_rom_internal function split the write in
three parts: the first 16K were copied, the PROM area (second 16K) were
ignored, then the rest was copied.
Problems then started with commit 965eb2f (exec: do not clamp accesses
to MMIO regions, 2015-06-17). Clamping accesses is not done for MMIO
regions because they can overlap wildly, and MMIO registers can be
expected to perform full-width accesses based only on their address
(with no respect for adjacent registers that could decode to completely
different MemoryRegions). However, this lack of clamping also applied
to the PROM area! cpu_physical_memory_write_rom_internal thus failed
to copy the third range above, i.e. only copied the first 16K of the BIOS.
In effect, address_space_translate is expecting _something else_ to do
the clamping for MMIO regions if the incoming length is large. This
"something else" is memory_access_size in the case of address_space_rw,
so use the same logic in cpu_physical_memory_write_rom_internal.
Reported-by: Alexander Graf <agraf@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Vivier <lvivier@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Laurent Vivier <lvivier@redhat.com>
Fixes: 965eb2f
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The MMIO case is further broken up in two cases: if the caller does not
hold the BQL on invocation, the unlocked one takes or avoids BQL depending
on the locking strategy of the target memory region and its coalesced
MMIO handling. In this case, the caller should not hold _any_ lock
(a friendly suggestion which is disregarded by virtio-scsi-dataplane).
Signed-off-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com>
Cc: Frederic Konrad <fred.konrad@greensocs.com>
Message-Id: <1434646046-27150-6-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
As memory_region_read/write_accessor will now be run also without BQL held,
we need to move coalesced MMIO flushing earlier in the dispatch process.
Cc: Frederic Konrad <fred.konrad@greensocs.com>
Message-Id: <1434646046-27150-5-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Because the clamping was done against the MemoryRegion,
address_space_rw was effectively broken if a write spanned
multiple sections that are not linear in underlying memory
(with the memory not being under an IOMMU).
This is visible with the MIPS rc4030 IOMMU, which is implemented
as a series of alias memory regions that point to the actual RAM.
Tested-by: Hervé Poussineau <hpoussin@reactos.org>
Tested-by: Mark Cave-Ayland <mark.cave-ayland@ilande.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
It is common for MMIO registers to overlap, for example a 4 byte register
at 0xcf8 (totally random choice... :)) and a 1 byte register at 0xcf9.
If these registers are implemented via separate MemoryRegions, it is
wrong to clamp the accesses as the value written would be truncated.
Hence for these regions the effects of commit 23820db (exec: Respect
as_translate_internal length clamp, 2015-03-16, previously applied as
commit c3c1bb99) must be skipped.
Tested-by: Hervé Poussineau <hpoussin@reactos.org>
Tested-by: Mark Cave-Ayland <mark.cave-ayland@ilande.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
check the return value of the function it calls and error if it's non-0
Fixup qemu_rdma_init_one_block that is the only current caller,
and rdma_add_block the only function it calls using it.
Pass the name of the ramblock to the function; helps in debugging.
Signed-off-by: Dr. David Alan Gilbert <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Reviewed-by: Amit Shah <amit.shah@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Michael R. Hines <mrhines@us.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
We create optional sections with this patch. But we already have
optional subsections. Instead of having two mechanism that do the
same, we can just generalize it.
For subsections we just change:
- Add a needed function to VMStateDescription
- Remove VMStateSubsection (after removal of the needed function
it is just a VMStateDescription)
- Adjust the whole tree, moving the needed function to the corresponding
VMStateDescription
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
The cpu_physical_memory_reset_dirty() function is sometimes used
together with cpu_physical_memory_get_dirty(). This is not atomic since
two separate accesses to the dirty memory bitmap are made.
Turn cpu_physical_memory_reset_dirty() and
cpu_physical_memory_clear_dirty_range_type() into the atomic
cpu_physical_memory_test_and_clear_dirty().
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1417519399-3166-6-git-send-email-stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Most of the time, not all bitmaps have to be marked as dirty;
do not do anything if the interesting ones are already dirty.
Previously, any clean bitmap would have cause all the bitmaps to be
marked dirty.
In fact, unless running TCG most of the time bitmap operations need
not be done at all, because memory_region_is_logging returns zero.
In this case, skip the call to cpu_physical_memory_range_includes_clean
altogether as well.
With this patch, cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_range is called
unconditionally, so there need not be anymore a separate call to
xen_modified_memory.
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This cuts in half the cost of bitmap operations (which will become more
expensive when made atomic) during migration on non-VRAM regions.
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The memory API can now return the exact set of bitmaps that have to
be tracked. Use it instead of the in_migration variable.
In the next patches, we will also use it to set only DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA
or DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION if necessary. This can make a difference
for dataplane, especially after the dirty bitmap is changed to use
more expensive atomic operations.
Of some interest is the change to stl_phys_notdirty. When migration
was introduced, stl_phys_notdirty was changed to effectively behave
as stl_phys during migration. In fact, if one looks at the function as it
was in the beginning (commit 8df1cd0, physical memory access functions,
2005-01-28), at the time the dirty bitmap was the equivalent of
DIRTY_MEMORY_CODE nowadays; hence, the function simply should not touch
the dirty code bits. This patch changes it to do the intended thing.
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Invoke xen_modified_memory from cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_range_nocode;
it is akin to DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION, so set it together with that bitmap.
The remaining call from invalidate_and_set_dirty's "else" branch will go
away soon.
Second, fix the second argument to the function in the
cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_lebitmap call site. That function is only used
by KVM, but it is better to be clean anyway.
Acked-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
phys_page_set_level is writing zeroes to a struct that has just been
filled in by phys_map_node_alloc. Instead, tell phys_map_node_alloc
whether to fill in the page "as a leaf" or "as a non-leaf".
memcpy is faster than struct assignment, which copies each bitfield
individually. A compiler bug (https://gcc.gnu.org/PR66391), and
small memcpys like this one are special-cased anyway, and optimized
to a register move, so just use the memcpy.
This cuts the cost of phys_page_set_level from 25% to 5% when
booting qboot.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Once address_space_translate will be called outside the BQL, the returned
MemoryRegion might disappear as soon as the RCU read-side critical section
ends. Avoid this by moving the critical section to the callers.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1426684909-95030-3-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com>
- next part in the thread-safe address_space_* saga: atomic access
to the bounce buffer and the map_clients list, from Fam
- optional support for linking with tcmalloc, also from Fam
- reapplying Peter Crosthwaite's "Respect as_translate_internal
length clamp" after fixing the SPARC fallout.
- build system fix from Wei Liu
- small acpi-build and ioport cleanup by myself
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Merge remote-tracking branch 'remotes/bonzini/tags/for-upstream' into staging
- miscellaneous cleanups for TCG (Emilio) and NBD (Bogdan)
- next part in the thread-safe address_space_* saga: atomic access
to the bounce buffer and the map_clients list, from Fam
- optional support for linking with tcmalloc, also from Fam
- reapplying Peter Crosthwaite's "Respect as_translate_internal
length clamp" after fixing the SPARC fallout.
- build system fix from Wei Liu
- small acpi-build and ioport cleanup by myself
# gpg: Signature made Wed Apr 29 09:34:00 2015 BST using RSA key ID 78C7AE83
# gpg: Good signature from "Paolo Bonzini <bonzini@gnu.org>"
# gpg: aka "Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>"
# gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with sufficiently trusted signatures!
# gpg: It is not certain that the signature belongs to the owner.
# Primary key fingerprint: 46F5 9FBD 57D6 12E7 BFD4 E2F7 7E15 100C CD36 69B1
# Subkey fingerprint: F133 3857 4B66 2389 866C 7682 BFFB D25F 78C7 AE83
* remotes/bonzini/tags/for-upstream: (22 commits)
nbd/trivial: fix type cast for ioctl
translate-all: use bitmap helpers for PageDesc's bitmap
target-i386: disable LINT0 after reset
Makefile.target: prepend $libs_softmmu to $LIBS
milkymist: do not modify libs-softmmu
configure: Add support for tcmalloc
exec: Respect as_translate_internal length clamp
ioport: reserve the whole range of an I/O port in the AddressSpace
ioport: loosen assertions on emulation of 16-bit ports
ioport: remove wrong comment
ide: there is only one data port
gus: clean up MemoryRegionPortio
sb16: remove useless mixer_write_indexw
sun4m: fix slavio sysctrl and led register sizes
acpi-build: remove dependency from ram_addr.h
memory: add memory_region_ram_resize
dma-helpers: Fix race condition of continue_after_map_failure and dma_aio_cancel
exec: Notify cpu_register_map_client caller if the bounce buffer is available
exec: Protect map_client_list with mutex
linux-user, bsd-user: Remove two calls to cpu_exec_init_all
...
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
address_space_translate_internal will clamp the *plen length argument
based on the size of the memory region being queried. The iommu walker
logic in addresss_space_translate was ignoring this by discarding the
post fn call value of *plen. Fix by just always using *plen as the
length argument throughout the fn, removing the len local variable.
This fixes a bootloader bug when a single elf section spans multiple
QEMU memory regions.
Signed-off-by: Peter Crosthwaite <peter.crosthwaite@xilinx.com>
Message-Id: <1426570554-15940-1-git-send-email-peter.crosthwaite@xilinx.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
If DMA's owning thread cancels the IO while the bounce buffer's owning thread
is notifying the "cpu client list", a use-after-free happens:
continue_after_map_failure dma_aio_cancel
------------------------------------------------------------------
aio_bh_new
qemu_bh_delete
qemu_bh_schedule (use after free)
Also, the old code doesn't run the bh in the right AioContext.
Fix both problems by passing a QEMUBH to cpu_register_map_client.
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1426496617-10702-6-git-send-email-famz@redhat.com>
[Remove unnecessary forward declaration. - Paolo]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The caller's workflow is like
if (!address_space_map()) {
...
cpu_register_map_client();
}
If bounce buffer became available after address_space_map() but before
cpu_register_map_client(), the caller could miss it and has to wait for the
next bounce buffer notify, which may never happen in the worse case.
Just notify the list in cpu_register_map_client().
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1426496617-10702-5-git-send-email-famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
So that accesses from multiple threads are safe.
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1426496617-10702-4-git-send-email-famz@redhat.com>
[Remove #if from cpu_exec_init_all. - Paolo]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
There could be a race condition when two processes call
address_space_map concurrently and both want to use the bounce buffer.
Add an in_use flag in BounceBuffer to sync it.
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1426496617-10702-2-git-send-email-famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Capture the memory attributes for the transaction which triggered
a watchpoint; this allows CPU specific code to implement features
like ARM's "user-mode only WPs also hit for LDRT/STRT accesses
made from privileged code". This change also correctly passes
through the memory attributes to the underlying device when
a watchpoint access doesn't hit.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Add new address_space_ld*/st* functions which allow transaction
attributes and error reporting for basic load and stores. These
are named to be in line with the address_space_read/write/rw
buffer operations.
The existing ld/st*_phys functions are now wrappers around
the new functions.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Make address_space_rw take transaction attributes, rather
than always using the 'unspecified' attributes.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Convert the subpage memory ops to _with_attrs; this will allow
us to pass the attributes through to the underlying access
functions. (Nothing uses the attributes yet.)
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com>
Rather than retaining io_mem_read/write as simple wrappers around
the memory_region_dispatch_read/write functions, make the latter
public and change all the callers to use them, since we need to
touch all the callsites anyway to add MemTxAttrs and MemTxResult
support. Delete io_mem_read and io_mem_write entirely.
(All the callers currently pass MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED
and convert the return value back to bool or ignore it.)
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
This reverts commit c3c1bb99d1.
It causes problems with boards that declare memory regions shorter
than the registers they contain.
Reported-by: Zoltan Balaton <balaton@eik.bme.hu>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
It is not necessary to munmap an area before remapping it with MAP_FIXED;
if the memory region specified by addr and len overlaps pages of any
existing mapping, then the overlapped part of the existing mapping will
be discarded.
On the other hand, if QEMU does munmap the pages, there is a small
probability that another mmap sneaks in and catches the just-freed
portion of the address space. In effect, munmap followed by
mmap(MAP_FIXED) is a use-after-free error, and Coverity flags it
as such. Fix it.
Reviewed-by: Gonglei <arei.gonglei@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
address_space_translate_internal will clamp the *plen length argument
based on the size of the memory region being queried. The iommu walker
logic in addresss_space_translate was ignoring this by discarding the
post fn call value of *plen. Fix by just always using *plen as the
length argument throughout the fn, removing the len local variable.
This fixes a bootloader bug when a single elf section spans multiple
QEMU memory regions.
Signed-off-by: Peter Crosthwaite <peter.crosthwaite@xilinx.com>
Message-Id: <1426570554-15940-1-git-send-email-peter.crosthwaite@xilinx.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
A bunch of fixes all over the place, some of the
bugs fixed are actually regressions.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
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Merge remote-tracking branch 'remotes/mst/tags/for_upstream' into staging
misc fixes and cleanups
A bunch of fixes all over the place, some of the
bugs fixed are actually regressions.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
# gpg: Signature made Wed Mar 11 17:48:30 2015 GMT using RSA key ID D28D5469
# gpg: Good signature from "Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@kernel.org>"
# gpg: aka "Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>"
# gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
# gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
# Primary key fingerprint: 0270 606B 6F3C DF3D 0B17 0970 C350 3912 AFBE 8E67
# Subkey fingerprint: 5D09 FD08 71C8 F85B 94CA 8A0D 281F 0DB8 D28D 5469
* remotes/mst/tags/for_upstream: (25 commits)
virtio-scsi: remove empty wrapper for cmd
virtio-scsi: clean out duplicate cdb field
virtio-scsi: fix cdb/sense size
uapi/virtio_scsi: allow overriding CDB/SENSE size
virtio-scsi: drop duplicate CDB/SENSE SIZE
exec: don't include hw/boards for linux-user
acpi: specify format for build_append_namestring
MAINTAINERS: drop aliguori@amazon.com
tpm: Move memory subregion function into realize function
virtio-pci: Convert to realize()
pci: Convert pci_nic_init() to Error to avoid qdev_init()
machine: query mem-merge machine property
machine: query dump-guest-core machine property
hw/boards: make it safe to include for linux-user
machine: query phandle-start machine property
machine: query kvm-shadow-mem machine property
kvm: add machine state to kvm_arch_init
machine: query kernel-irqchip property
machine: allowed/required kernel-irqchip support
machine: replace qemu opts with iommu property
...
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
As noted by Andreas, hw/boards.h shouldn't be used outside softmmu code.
Include it conditionally, and drop the (now unnecessary) ifdef guards in
hw/boards.h
Reported-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Cc: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Running
qemu-bin ... -machine pc,mem-merge=on
leads to crash:
x86_64-softmmu/qemu-system-x86_64 -machine pc,dump-guest-core=on
qemu-system-x86_64: qemu/util/qemu-option.c:387: qemu_opt_get_bool_helper:
Assertion `opt->desc && opt->desc->type == QEMU_OPT_BOOL' failed. Aborted
(core dumped)
This happens because the commit e79d5a6 ("machine: remove qemu_machine_opts
global list") removed the global option descriptions and moved them to
MachineState's QOM properties.
Fix this by querying machine properties through designated wrappers.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Apfelbaum <marcel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Running
qemu-bin ... -machine pc,dump-guest-core=on
leads to crash:
x86_64-softmmu/qemu-system-x86_64 -machine pc,dump-guest-core=on
qemu-system-x86_64: qemu/util/qemu-option.c:387: qemu_opt_get_bool_helper:
Assertion `opt->desc && opt->desc->type == QEMU_OPT_BOOL' failed. Aborted
(core dumped)
This happens because the commit e79d5a6 ("machine: remove qemu_machine_opts
global list") removed the global option descriptions and moved them to
MachineState's QOM properties.
Fix this by querying machine properties through designated wrappers.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Apfelbaum <marcel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Coverity/sparse fix for iscsi driver
- RCU fallout: fix -daemonize and s390x system emulation
- KVM: kvm_stat improvements and new man page
- x86: SYSRET fix for VxWorks
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Merge remote-tracking branch 'remotes/bonzini/tags/for-upstream' into staging
- scsi: improvements to error reporting and conversion to realize,
Coverity/sparse fix for iscsi driver
- RCU fallout: fix -daemonize and s390x system emulation
- KVM: kvm_stat improvements and new man page
- x86: SYSRET fix for VxWorks
# gpg: Signature made Tue Mar 10 10:18:45 2015 GMT using RSA key ID 78C7AE83
# gpg: Good signature from "Paolo Bonzini <bonzini@gnu.org>"
# gpg: aka "Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>"
# gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
# gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
# Primary key fingerprint: 46F5 9FBD 57D6 12E7 BFD4 E2F7 7E15 100C CD36 69B1
# Subkey fingerprint: F133 3857 4B66 2389 866C 7682 BFFB D25F 78C7 AE83
* remotes/bonzini/tags/for-upstream:
x86: fix SS selector in SYSRET
scsi: Convert remaining PCI HBAs to realize()
scsi: Improve error reporting for invalid drive property
hw: Propagate errors through qdev_prop_set_drive()
scsi: Clean up duplicated error in legacy if=scsi code
cpus: initialize cpu->memory_dispatch
rcu: handle forks safely
qemu-thread: do not use PTHREAD_MUTEX_ERRORCHECK
kvm_stat: add kvm_stat.1 man page
kvm_stat: add column headers to text UI
iscsi: Fix check for username
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
This fixes a NULL pointer dereference in s390x-softmmu.
On pretty much all other architectures, creating an MMIO region calls
cpu_reload_memory_map. On s390, however, there are no MMIO regions
and everything is done via hypercalls.
Fixes: 9d82b5a792
Reported-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Block size must fundamentally be a multiple of target page size.
Aligning automatically removes need to worry about the alignment
from callers.
Note: the only caller of qemu_ram_resize (acpi) already happens to have
size padded to a power of 2, but we would like to drop the padding in
ACPI core, and don't want to expose target page size knowledge to ACPI.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Paolo Bonzini <ponzini@redhat.com>
Allow "unlocked" reads of the ram_list by using an RCU-enabled QLIST.
The ramlist mutex is kept. call_rcu callbacks are run with the iothread
lock taken, but that may change in the future. Writers still take the
ramlist mutex, but they no longer need to assume that the iothread lock
is taken.
Readers of the list, instead, no longer require either the iothread
or ramlist mutex, but they need to use rcu_read_lock() and
rcu_read_unlock().
One place in arch_init.c was downgrading from write side to read side
like this:
qemu_mutex_lock_iothread()
qemu_mutex_lock_ramlist()
...
qemu_mutex_unlock_iothread()
...
qemu_mutex_unlock_ramlist()
and the equivalent idiom is:
qemu_mutex_lock_ramlist()
rcu_read_lock()
...
qemu_mutex_unlock_ramlist()
...
rcu_read_unlock()
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Day <ncmike@ncultra.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
QLIST has RCU-friendly primitives, so switch to it.
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Day <ncmike@ncultra.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Note that even after this patch, most callers of address_space_*
functions must still be under the big QEMU lock, otherwise the memory
region returned by address_space_translate can disappear as soon as
address_space_translate returns. This will be fixed in the next part
of this series.
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
After the previous patch, TLBs will be flushed on every change to
the memory mapping. This patch augments that with synchronization
of the MemoryRegionSections referred to in the iotlb array.
With this change, it is guaranteed that iotlb_to_region will access
the correct memory map, even once the TLB will be accessed outside
the BQL.
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This for now is a simple TLB flush. This can change later for two
reasons:
1) an AddressSpaceDispatch will be cached in the CPUState object
2) it will not be possible to do tlb_flush once the TCG-generated code
runs outside the BQL.
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
address_space_destroy_dispatch is called from an RCU callback and hence
outside the iothread mutex (BQL). However, after address_space_destroy
no new accesses can hit the destroyed AddressSpace so it is not necessary
to observe changes to the memory map. Move the memory_listener_unregister
call earlier, to make it thread-safe again.
Reported-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Fixes: 374f2981d1
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Coverity flags this as "dereference after null check". Not quite a
dereference, since it will just EFAULT, but still nice to fix.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The TARGET_HAS_ICE #define is intended to indicate whether a target-*
guest CPU implementation supports the breakpoint handling. However,
all our guest CPUs have that support (the only two which do not
define TARGET_HAS_ICE are unicore32 and openrisc, and in both those
cases the bp support is present and the lack of the #define is just
a bug). So remove the #define entirely: all new guest CPU support
should include breakpoint handling as part of the basic implementation.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Message-id: 1420484960-32365-1-git-send-email-peter.maydell@linaro.org
This makes ROM blocks resizeable. This infrastructure is required for other
functionality we have queued.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
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Merge remote-tracking branch 'remotes/mst/tags/for_upstream' into staging
pc: resizeable ROM blocks
This makes ROM blocks resizeable. This infrastructure is required for other
functionality we have queued.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
# gpg: Signature made Thu 08 Jan 2015 11:19:24 GMT using RSA key ID D28D5469
# gpg: Good signature from "Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@kernel.org>"
# gpg: aka "Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>"
* remotes/mst/tags/for_upstream:
acpi-build: make ROMs RAM blocks resizeable
memory: API to allocate resizeable RAM MR
arch_init: support resizing on incoming migration
exec: qemu_ram_alloc_resizeable, qemu_ram_resize
exec: split length -> used_length/max_length
exec: cpu_physical_memory_set/clear_dirty_range
memory: add memory_region_set_size
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Add API to allocate "resizeable" RAM.
This looks just like regular RAM generally, but
has a special property that only a portion of it
(used_length) is actually used, and migrated.
This used_length size can change across reboots.
Follow up patches will change used_length for such blocks at migration,
making it easier to extend devices using such RAM (notably ACPI,
but in the future thinkably other ROMs) without breaking migration
compatibility or wasting ROM (guest) memory.
Device is notified on resize, so it can adjust if necessary.
qemu_ram_alloc_resizeable allocates this memory, qemu_ram_resize resizes
it.
Note: nothing prevents making all RAM resizeable in this way.
However, reviewers felt that only enabling this selectively will
make some class of errors easier to detect.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This patch allows us to distinguish between two
length values for each block:
max_length - length of memory block that was allocated
used_length - length of block used by QEMU/guest
Currently, we set used_length - max_length, unconditionally.
Follow-up patches allow used_length <= max_length.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Make cpu_physical_memory_set/clear_dirty_range
behave symmetrically.
To clear range for a given client type only, add
cpu_physical_memory_clear_dirty_range_type.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Otherwise fw_cfg accesses are split into 4-byte ones before they reach the
fw_cfg ops / handlers.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Laszlo Ersek <lersek@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1419250305-31062-6-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
In QEMU 2.2 the exception_index value was added to the migration stream
through a subsection. The default was set to 0, which is wrong and
should have been -1.
However, 2.2 does not have commit e511b4d (cpu-exec: reset exception_index
correctly, 2014-11-26), hence in 2.2 the exception_index is never used
and is set to -1 on the next call to cpu_exec. So we can change the
migration stream to make the default -1. The effects are:
- 2.2.1 -> 2.2.0: cpu->exception_index set incorrectly to 0 if it
were -1 on the source; then reset to -1 in cpu_exec. This is TCG
only; KVM does not use exception_index.
- 2.2.0 -> 2.2.1: cpu->exception_index set incorrectly to -1 if it
were 0 on the source; but it would be reset to -1 in cpu_exec anyway.
This is TCG only; KVM does not use exception_index.
- 2.2.1 -> 2.1: two bugs fixed: 1) can migrate backwards if
cpu->exception_index is set to -1; 2) should not migrate backwards
(but 2.2.0 allows it) if cpu->exception_index is set to 0
- 2.2.0 -> 2.3.0: 2.2.0 will send the subsection unnecessarily if
exception_index is -1, but that is not a problem. 2.3.0 will set
cpu->exception_index to -1 if it is 0 on the source, but this would
be anyway a problem for 2.2.0 -> 2.2.x migration (due to lack of
commit e511b4d in 2.2.x) so we can ignore it
- 2.2.1 -> 2.3.0: everything works.
In addition, play it safe and never send the subsection unless TCG
is in use. KVM does not use exception_index (PPC KVM stores values
in it for use in the subsequent call to ppc_cpu_do_interrupt, but
does not need it as soon as kvm_handle_debug returns). Xen and
qtest do not run any code for the CPU at all.
Reported-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Laurent Desnogues <laurent.desnogues@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1418989994-17244-3-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com
Cc: qemu-stable@nongnu.org
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
host pointer accesses force pointer math, let's
add a wrapper to make them safer.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Dr. David Alan Gilbert <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Amos Kong <akong@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Amit Shah <amit.shah@redhat.com>
introduce memory_region_get_alignment() that returns
underlying memory block alignment or 0 if it's not
relevant/implemented for backend.
Signed-off-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
The code in invalidate_and_set_dirty() needs to handle addr/length
combinations which cross guest physical page boundaries. This can happen,
for example, when disk I/O reads large blocks into guest RAM which previously
held code that we have cached translations for. Unfortunately we were only
checking the clean/dirty status of the first page in the range, and then
were calling a tb_invalidate function which only handles ranges that don't
cross page boundaries. Fix the function to deal with multipage ranges.
The symptoms of this bug were that guest code would misbehave (eg segfault),
in particular after a guest reboot but potentially any time the guest
reused a page of its physical RAM for new code.
Cc: qemu-stable@nongnu.org
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1416167061-13203-1-git-send-email-peter.maydell@linaro.org
With commit 05068c0dfb 'exec.c: Relax restrictions on watchpoint length
and alignment' it's no longer possible to set 1-byte-long watchpoint
because of incorrect address range check.
Fix that by changing condition that checks for address wraparound.
Signed-off-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Message-id: 1411016616-29879-1-git-send-email-jcmvbkbc@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
- Build: fixing block/iscsi.so and ranlib warnings on Mac OS X
- Migration fixes for x86
- The odd KVM patch.
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Merge remote-tracking branch 'remotes/bonzini/tags/for-upstream' into staging
- Memory: improve error reporting and avoid crashes on hotplug
- Build: fixing block/iscsi.so and ranlib warnings on Mac OS X
- Migration fixes for x86
- The odd KVM patch.
# gpg: Signature made Thu 11 Sep 2014 11:21:10 BST using RSA key ID 9B4D86F2
# gpg: Good signature from "Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>"
# gpg: aka "Paolo Bonzini <bonzini@gnu.org>"
* remotes/bonzini/tags/for-upstream: (21 commits)
gdbstub: init mon_chr through qemu_chr_alloc
pckbd: adding new fields to vmstate
mc146818rtc: add missed field to vmstate
piix: do not set irq while loading vmstate
serial: fixing vmstate for save/restore
parallel: adding vmstate for save/restore
fdc: adding vmstate for save/restore
cpu: init vmstate for ticks and clock offset
apic_common: vapic_paddr synchronization fix
vl: use QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE to visit change state handlers
exec: add parameter errp to gethugepagesize
exec: report error when memory < hpagesize
hostmem-ram: don't exit qemu if size of memory-backend-ram is way too big
memory: add parameter errp to memory_region_init_rom_device
memory: add parameter errp to memory_region_init_ram
exec: add parameter errp to qemu_ram_alloc and qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr
rules.mak: Fix DSO build by pulling in archive symbols
util: Don't link host-utils.o if it's empty
util: Move general qemu_getauxval to util/getauxval.c
trace: Only link generated-tracers.o with "simple" backend
...
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
If memory allocation fails when using the -mem-prealloc command-line
option, QEMU exits without printing any error information to
the user:
# qemu [...] -m 1G -mem-prealloc -mem-path /dev/hugepages
# echo $?
1
This commit adds an error message, so that we print instead:
# qemu [...] -m 1G -mem-prealloc -mem-path /dev/hugepages
qemu: unable to map backing store for hugepages: Cannot allocate memory
Signed-off-by: Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
When we check whether we've hit a watchpoint we know the address
that we were attempting to access and whether it was a read or a
write. Record this information in the CPUWatchpoint struct so that
target-specific code can report it to the guest.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
We already provide dummy versions of the cpu_watchpoint_insert
and cpu_watchpoint_remove_all functions when CONFIG_USER_ONLY
is defined. Complete the set by providing cpu_watchpoint_remove
and cpu_watchpoint_remove_by_ref as well.
This allows target-* code using these functions to avoid
some ifdeffery.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
The current implementation of watchpoints requires that they
have a power of 2 length which is not greater than TARGET_PAGE_SIZE
and that their address is a multiple of their length. Watchpoints
on ARM don't fit these restrictions, so change the implementation
so they can be relaxed.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Add parameter errp to gethugepagesize thus callers can handle errors.
If user adds a memory-backend-file object using object_add command,
specifying a non-existing directory for property mem-path, qemu will
core dump with message:
/nonexistingdir: No such file or directory
Bad ram offset fffffffffffff000
Aborted (core dumped)
This patch fixes the problem. With this patch, qemu reports an error
message like:
qemu-system-x86_64: -object memory-backend-file,mem-path=/nonexistingdir,id=mem-file0,size=128M:
failed to get page size of file /nonexistingdir: No such file or directory
Signed-off-by: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Crosthwaite <peter.crosthwaite@xilinx.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Report an error when memory < hpagesize in file_ram_alloc() so callers
can handle the error.
If user adds a memory-backend-file object using object_add command,
specifying a size that is less than huge page size, qemu will core dump
with message:
Bad ram offset fffffffffffff000
Aborted (core dumped)
This patch fixes the problem. With this patch, qemu reports error
message like:
qemu-system-x86_64: -object memory-backend-file,mem-path=/hugepages,id=mem-file0,size=1M: memory
size 0x100000 must be equal to or larger than huge page size 0x200000
Signed-off-by: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add parameter errp to qemu_ram_alloc and qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr so that
we can handle errors.
Signed-off-by: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Crosthwaite <peter.crosthwaite@xilinx.com>
[Assert ptr != NULL in memory_region_init_ram_ptr. - Paolo]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This patch adds a subsection with exception_index field to the VMState for
correct saving the CPU state.
Without this patch, simulator could miss the pending exception in the saved
virtual machine state.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Dovgalyuk <pavel.dovgaluk@ispras.ru>
Cc: qemu-stable@nongnu.org
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Add a bool variable is_write as a parameter to the translate function of
MemoryRegionIOMMUOps to indicate the operation of the access. It can be
used for correct fault reporting from within the callback.
Change the interface of related functions.
Signed-off-by: Le Tan <tamlokveer@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Memory changes for QOMification and automatic tracking of MR lifetime.
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Merge remote-tracking branch 'remotes/bonzini/tags/for-upstream' into staging
SCSI changes that enable sending vendor-specific commands via virtio-scsi.
Memory changes for QOMification and automatic tracking of MR lifetime.
# gpg: Signature made Mon 18 Aug 2014 13:03:09 BST using RSA key ID 9B4D86F2
# gpg: Good signature from "Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>"
# gpg: aka "Paolo Bonzini <bonzini@gnu.org>"
* remotes/bonzini/tags/for-upstream:
mtree: remove write-only field
memory: Use canonical path component as the name
memory: Use memory_region_name for name access
memory: constify memory_region_name
exec: Abstract away ref to memory region names
loader: Abstract away ref to memory region names
tpm_tis: remove instance_finalize callback
memory: remove memory_region_destroy
memory: convert memory_region_destroy to object_unparent
ioport: split deletion and destruction
nic: do not destroy memory regions in cleanup functions
vga: do not dynamically allocate chain4_alias
sysbus: remove unused function sysbus_del_io
qom: object: move unparenting to the child property's release callback
qom: object: delete properties before calling instance_finalize
virtio-scsi: implement parse_cdb
scsi-block, scsi-generic: implement parse_cdb
scsi-block: extract scsi_block_is_passthrough
scsi-bus: introduce parse_cdb in SCSIDeviceClass and SCSIBusInfo
scsi-bus: prepare scsi_req_new for introduction of parse_cdb
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Use the function provided rather than spying on the struct.
Signed-off-by: Peter Crosthwaite <peter.crosthwaite@xilinx.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Devices that use address_space_rw to write large areas to memory
(as opposed to address_space_map/unmap) were broken with respect
to migration since fe680d0 (exec: Limit translation limiting in
address_space_translate to xen, 2014-05-07). Such devices include
IDE CD-ROMs.
The reason is that invalidate_and_set_dirty (called by address_space_rw
but not address_space_map/unmap) was only setting the dirty bit for
the first page in the translation.
To fix this, introduce cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_range_nocode that
is the same as cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_range except it does not
muck with the DIRTY_MEMORY_CODE bitmap. This function can be used if
the caller invalidates translations with tb_invalidate_phys_page_range.
There is another difference between cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_range
and cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_flag; the former includes a call
to xen_modified_memory. This is handled separately in
invalidate_and_set_dirty, and is not needed in other callers of
cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_range_nocode, so leave it alone.
Just one nit: now that invalidate_and_set_dirty takes care of handling
multiple pages, there is no need for address_space_unmap to wrap it
in a loop. In fact that loop would now be O(n^2).
Reported-by: Dave Gilbert <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
QOMify memory regions as an Object. The former init() and destroy()
routines become instance_init() and instance_finalize() resp.
memory_region_init() is re-implemented to be:
object_initialize() + set fields
memory_region_destroy() is re-implemented to call unparent().
Signed-off-by: Peter Crosthwaite <peter.crosthwaite@xilinx.com>
[Add newly-created MR as child, unparent on destruction. - Paolo]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
We currently have a virtio_is_big_endian() helper that provides the target
endianness to the virtio code. As of today, the helper returns a fixed
compile-time value. Of course, this will have to change if we want to
support target endianness changes at run-time.
Let's move the TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN bits out to a new helper and have
virtio_is_big_endian() implemented on top of it.
This patch doesn't change any functionality.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kurz <gkurz@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Old code was affected by memory gaps which resulted in buffer pointers
pointing to address outside of the mapped regions.
Here we are introducing following changes:
- new function qemu_get_ram_block_host_ptr() returns host pointer
to the ram block, it is needed to calculate offset of specific
region in the host memory
- new field mmap_offset is added to the VhostUserMemoryRegion. It
contains offset where specific region starts in the mapped memory.
As there is stil no wider adoption of vhost-user agreement was made
that we will not bump version number due to this change
- other fileds in VhostUserMemoryRegion struct are not changed, as
they are all needed for usermode app implementation
- region data is not taken from ram_list.blocks anymore, instead we
use region data which is alredy calculated for use in vhost-net
- Now multiple regions can have same FD and user applicaton can call
mmap() multiple times with the same FD but with different offset
(user needs to take care for offset page alignment)
Signed-off-by: Damjan Marion <damarion@cisco.com>
Acked-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Damjan Marion <damarion@cisco.com>
As a "utility", it only supported ppc, and in a way that other
tcg backends provided directly in tcg-target.h. Removing this
disparity is easier now that the two ppc backends are merged.
Tested-by: Tom Musta <tommusta@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
A new "share" property can be used with the "memory-file" backend to
map memory with MAP_SHARED instead of MAP_PRIVATE.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
And allow preallocation of file-based memory even without -mem-prealloc.
Some care is necessary because -mem-prealloc does not allow disabling
preallocation for hostmem-file.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Right now, -mem-path will fall back to RAM-based allocation in some
cases. This should never happen with "-object memory-file", prepare
the code by adding correct error propagation.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
MST: drop \n at end of error messages
Like the previous patch did in exec.c, split memory_region_init_ram and
memory_region_init_ram_from_file, and push mem_path one step further up.
Other RAM regions than system memory will now be backed by regular RAM.
Also, boards that do not use memory_region_allocate_system_memory will
not support -mem-path anymore. This can be changed before the patches
are merged by migrating boards to use the function.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Prepare for adding more flags. The "_MASK" suffix is unique, kill it.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
So that backends can use it.
Since we need the page size for efficiency, move code to compute it
out of translate-all.c and into util/oslib-win32.c.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Split the internal interface in exec.c to a separate function, and
push the check on mem_path up to memory_region_init_ram.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Rather than use the global singleton.
Signed-off-by: Peter Crosthwaite <peter.crosthwaite@xilinx.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
After previous Peter patch, they are redundant. This way we don't
assign them except when needed. Once there, there were lots of case
where the ".fields" indentation was wrong:
.fields = (VMStateField []) {
and
.fields = (VMStateField []) {
Change all the combinations to:
.fields = (VMStateField[]){
The biggest problem (appart from aesthetics) was that checkpatch complained
when we copy&pasted the code from one place to another.
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
The address_space_translate() function cuts the returned plen (page size)
to hardcoded TARGET_PAGE_SIZE. This function can be used on pages bigger
than that so this limiting should not be used on such pages.
Since originally the limiting was introduced for XEN, we can safely
limit this piece of code to XEN. So does the patch.
Suggested-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexey Kardashevskiy <aik@ozlabs.ru>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
Commit 259186a7d2 (cpu: Move halted and
interrupt_request fields to CPUState) passed CPUState::env_ptr to
tlb_flush() directory rather than through a typed variable.
Commit 00c8cb0a36 (cputlb: Change
tlb_flush() argument to CPUState) now changed the argument type.
This was unnoticed by gcc because env_ptr is a void pointer.
Signed-off-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Most targets were using offsetof(CPUFooState, breakpoints) to determine
how much of CPUFooState to clear on reset. Use the next field after
CPU_COMMON instead, if any, or sizeof(CPUFooState) otherwise.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
* remotes/kvm/uq/master:
target-i386: bugfix of Intel MPX
file_ram_alloc: unify mem-path,mem-prealloc error handling
kvm-all: exit in case max vcpus exceeded
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
This file does not depend on windows.h.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Weil <sw@weilnetz.de>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Michael Tokarev <mjt@tls.msk.ru>
-mem-prealloc asks to preallocate memory residing on -mem-path path.
Currently QEMU exits in case:
- Memory file has been created but allocation via explicit write
fails.
And it fallbacks to malloc in case:
- Querying huge page size fails.
- Lack of sync MMU support.
- Open fails.
- mmap fails.
Have the same behaviour for all cases: fail in case -mem-path and
-mem-prealloc are specified for regions where the requested size is
suitable for hugepages.
Signed-off-by: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Commit 360e607 (address_space_translate: do not cross page boundaries,
2014-01-30) broke MMIO accesses in cases where the section is shorter
than the full register width. This can happen for example with the
Bochs DISPI registers, which are 16 bits wide but have only a 1-byte
long MemoryRegion (if you write to the "second byte" of the register
your access is discarded; it doesn't write only to half of the register).
Restrict the action of commit 360e607 to direct RAM accesses. This
is enough for Xen, since MMIO will not go through the mapcache.
Reported-by: Mark Cave-Ayland <mark.cave-ayland@ilande.co.uk>
Cc: qemu-stable@nongnu.org
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Mark Cave-Ayland <mark.cave-ayland@ilande.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
The following commit:
commit 149f54b53b
Author: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Date: Fri May 24 12:59:37 2013 +0200
memory: add address_space_translate
breaks Xen support in QEMU, in particular the Xen mapcache. The effect
is that one Windows XP installation out of ten would end up with BSOD.
The reason is that after this commit l in address_space_rw can span a
page boundary, however qemu_get_ram_ptr still calls xen_map_cache asking
to map a single page (if block->offset == 0).
Fix the issue by reverting to the previous behaviour: do not return a
length from address_space_translate_internal that can span a page
boundary.
Also in address_space_translate do not ignore the length returned by
address_space_translate_internal.
This patch should be backported to QEMU 1.6.x.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Perard <anthony.perard@citrix.com>
Tested-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: qemu-stable@nongnu.org
* qemu-kvm/uq/master:
kvm: always update the MPX model specific register
KVM: fix addr type for KVM_IOEVENTFD
KVM: Retry KVM_CREATE_VM on EINTR
mempath prefault: fix off-by-one error
kvm: x86: Separately write feature control MSR on reset
roms: Flush icache when writing roms to guest memory
target-i386: clear guest TSC on reset
target-i386: do not special case TSC writeback
target-i386: Intel MPX
Conflicts:
exec.c
aliguori: fix trivial merge conflict in exec.c
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@amazon.com>
All the functions that use ram_addr_t should be here.
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Orit Wasserman <owasserm@redhat.com>
Result was always 0, and not used anywhere. Once there, use bool type
for the parameter.
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Orit Wasserman <owasserm@redhat.com>
We have an end parameter in all the callers, and this make it coherent
with the rest of cpu_physical_memory_* functions, that also take a
length parameter.
Once here, move the start/end calculation to
tlb_reset_dirty_range_all() as we don't need it here anymore.
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Orit Wasserman <owasserm@redhat.com>
All uses except one really want the other meaning.
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Orit Wasserman <owasserm@redhat.com>
Now all functions use the same wording that bitops/bitmap operations
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Orit Wasserman <owasserm@redhat.com>
After all the previous patches, spliting the bitmap gets direct.
Note: For some reason, I have to move DIRTY_MEMORY_* definitions to
the beginning of memory.h to make compilation work.
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Orit Wasserman <owasserm@redhat.com>
Document it
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Orit Wasserman <owasserm@redhat.com>
So remove the flag argument and do it directly. After this change,
there is nothing else using cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_flags() so
remove it.
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Orit Wasserman <owasserm@redhat.com>
Fix off-by-one error (noticed by Andrea Arcangeli).
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
We use the rom infrastructure to write firmware and/or initial kernel
blobs into guest address space. So we're basically emulating the cache
off phase on very early system bootup.
That phase is usually responsible for clearing the instruction cache for
anything it writes into cachable memory, to ensure that after reboot we
don't happen to execute stale bits from the instruction cache.
So we need to invalidate the icache every time we write a rom into guest
address space. We do not need to do this for every DMA since the guest
expects it has to flush the icache manually in that case.
This fixes random reboot issues on e5500 (booke ppc) for me.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <agraf@suse.de>
We use the rom infrastructure to write firmware and/or initial kernel
blobs into guest address space. So we're basically emulating the cache
off phase on very early system bootup.
That phase is usually responsible for clearing the instruction cache for
anything it writes into cachable memory, to ensure that after reboot we
don't happen to execute stale bits from the instruction cache.
So we need to invalidate the icache every time we write a rom into guest
address space. We do not need to do this for every DMA since the guest
expects it has to flush the icache manually in that case.
This fixes random reboot issues on e5500 (booke ppc) for me.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <agraf@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Every address space has its own nodes and sections, but
it uses the same global arrays of nodes/section.
This limits the number of devices that can be attached
to the guest to 20-30 devices. It happens because:
- The sections array is limited to 2^12 entries.
- The main memory has at least 100 sections.
- Each device address space is actually an alias to
main memory, multiplying its number of nodes/sections.
Remove the limitation by using separate arrays of
nodes and sections for each address space.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Apfelbaum <marcel.a@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
With the single exception of ppc with 16M pages,
we get the same number of levels
with L2_PAGE_SIZE = 10 as with L2_PAGE_SIZE = 9.
by doing this we reduce memory footprint of a single level
in the node memory map by 2x without runtime overhead.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
As an alternative to commit 818f86b (exec: limit system memory
size, 2013-11-04) let's just make all address spaces 64-bit wide.
This eliminates problems with phys_page_find ignoring bits above
TARGET_PHYS_ADDR_SPACE_BITS and address_space_translate_internal
consequently messing up the computations.
In Luiz's reported crash, at startup gdb attempts to read from address
0xffffffffffffffe6 to 0xffffffffffffffff inclusive. The region it gets
is the newly introduced master abort region, which is as big as the PCI
address space (see pci_bus_init). Due to a typo that's only 2^63-1,
not 2^64. But we get it anyway because phys_page_find ignores the upper
bits of the physical address. In address_space_translate_internal then
diff = int128_sub(section->mr->size, int128_make64(addr));
*plen = int128_get64(int128_min(diff, int128_make64(*plen)));
diff becomes negative, and int128_get64 booms.
The size of the PCI address space region should be fixed anyway.
Reported-by: Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
At the moment, memory radix tree is already variable width, but it can
only skip the low bits of address.
This is efficient if we have huge memory regions but inefficient if we
are only using a tiny portion of the address space.
After we have built up the map, detect
configurations where a single L2 entry is valid.
We then speed up the lookup by skipping one or more levels.
In case any levels were skipped, we might end up in a valid section
instead of erroring out. We handle this by checking that
the address is in range of the resulting section.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Extend skip to 6 bit. As page entry doesn't fit in 16 bit
any longer anyway, extend it to 32 bit.
This doubles node map memory requirements, but follow-up
patches will save this memory.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
In preparation for dynamic radix tree depth support, rename is_leaf
field to skip, telling us how many bits to skip to next level.
Set to 0 for leaf.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
The exec.c and translate-all.c radix trees are quite different, and
the exec.c one in particular is not limited to the CPU---it can be
used also by devices that do DMA, and in that case the address space
is not limited to TARGET_PHYS_ADDR_SPACE_BITS bits.
We want to make exec.c's radix trees 64-bit wide. As a first step,
stop sharing the constants between exec.c and translate-all.c.
exec.c gets P_L2_* constants, translate-all.c gets V_L2_*, for
consistency with the existing V_L1_* symbols. Though actually
in the softmmu case translate-all.c is also indexed by physical
addresses...
This patch has no semantic change.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
This reverts PCI master abort support - we'll want it
eventually but it exposes too many core bugs to be safe for 1.7.
This also reverts a recent exec.c change that was an
attempt to work-around some of these core bugs.
Also included are small fixes in pc and virtio,
and a core loader fix for PPC bamboo.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
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Merge remote-tracking branch 'mst/tags/for_anthony' into staging
pci, pc, virtio bug fixes
This reverts PCI master abort support - we'll want it
eventually but it exposes too many core bugs to be safe for 1.7.
This also reverts a recent exec.c change that was an
attempt to work-around some of these core bugs.
Also included are small fixes in pc and virtio,
and a core loader fix for PPC bamboo.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
# gpg: Signature made Sun 10 Nov 2013 05:13:22 AM PST using RSA key ID D28D5469
# gpg: Can't check signature: public key not found
# By Michael S. Tsirkin (3) and others
# Via Michael S. Tsirkin
* mst/tags/for_anthony:
Revert "exec: limit system memory size"
Revert "hw/pci: partially handle pci master abort"
loader: drop return value for rom_add_blob_fixed
acpi-build: disable with -no-acpi
virtio-net: only delete bh that existed
Fix pc migration from qemu <= 1.5
Message-id: 1384159176-31662-1-git-send-email-mst@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@amazon.com>
This reverts commit 818f86b883.
This was a work-around for bugs elsewhere in the system,
exposed by commit a53ae8e934:
"hw/pci: partially handle pci master abort"
since that's reverted now, the work-around is not required for 1.7
anymore.
The proper fix is supporting full 64 bit addresses in the radix tree.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Marcel Apfelbaum <marcel.a@redhat.com>
This fixes qemu abort with the following message:
include/qemu/int128.h:22: int128_get64: Assertion `!a.hi' failed.
which happens due to attempt to invalidate breakpoint by virtual address
for which get_phys_page_debug couldn't find mapping.
For more details see
http://lists.nongnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2013-09/msg04582.html
Cc: qemu-stable@nongnu.org
Signed-off-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The page table logic in exec.c assumes
that memory addresses are at most TARGET_PHYS_ADDR_SPACE_BITS.
But pci addresses are full 64 bit so if we try to render them ignoring
the extra bits, we get strange effects with sections overlapping each
other.
To fix, simply limit the system memory size to
1 << TARGET_PHYS_ADDR_SPACE_BITS,
pci addresses will be rendered within that.
Cc: qemu-stable@nongnu.org
Reported-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
This fixes a regression introduced by commit e3127ae0c, which kept the
allocation size of the bounce buffer limited to one page in order to
avoid unbounded allocations (as explained in the commit message of
6d16c2f88), but broke the reporting of the shortened bounce buffer to
the caller. The caller therefore assumes that the full requested size
was provided and causes memory corruption when writing beyond the end of
the actually allocated buffer.
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
This is not needed since the RAM list is not modified anymore by
qemu_get_ram_ptr. Replace it with qemu_get_ram_block.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
phys_mem_alloc and its assigned values qemu_anon_ram_alloc and
legacy_s390_alloc must have identical argument lists.
legacy_s390_alloc uses the size parameter to call mmap, so size_t is
good enough for all of them.
This patch fixes compiler errors on i686 Linux hosts:
CC alpha-softmmu/exec.o
exec.c:752:51: error:
initialization from incompatible pointer type [-Werror]
exec.c: In function 'qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr':
exec.c:1139:32: error:
comparison of distinct pointer types lacks a cast [-Werror]
exec.c: In function 'qemu_ram_remap':
exec.c:1283:21: error:
comparison of distinct pointer types lacks a cast [-Werror]
Signed-off-by: Stefan Weil <sw@weilnetz.de>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1380481005-32399-1-git-send-email-sw@weilnetz.de
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@amazon.com>
* Fix for X86CPU model field of qemu32/qemu64 CPU models
* Bug fix for longjmp on FreeBSD
* Removal of unused function
* Confinement of clone syscall infrastructure to linux-user
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Merge remote-tracking branch 'afaerber/tags/qom-cpu-for-anthony' into staging
QOM CPUState refactorings / X86CPU
* Fix for X86CPU model field of qemu32/qemu64 CPU models
* Bug fix for longjmp on FreeBSD
* Removal of unused function
* Confinement of clone syscall infrastructure to linux-user
# gpg: Signature made Wed 09 Oct 2013 03:40:51 AM PDT using RSA key ID 3E7E013F
# gpg: Can't check signature: public key not found
# By Andreas Färber (2) and others
# Via Andreas Färber
* afaerber/tags/qom-cpu-for-anthony:
cpu: Drop cpu_model_str from CPU_COMMON
cpu: Move cpu_copy() into linux-user
cputlb: Remove dead function tlb_update_dirty()
cpu-exec: Also reload CPUClass *cc after longjmp return in cpu_exec()
target-i386: Set model=6 on qemu64 & qemu32 CPU models
It is only used there and is deemed very fragile if not incorrect in its
current memcpy() form. Moving it into linux-user will allow to move
parts into target_cpu.h headers and only copy what the ABI mandates.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Touched some error after enabling DEBUG_SUBPAGE.
Signed-off-by: Amos Kong <akong@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Tokarev <mjt@tls.msk.ru>
# By Stefan Weil (8) and others
# Via Michael Tokarev
* mjt/trivial-patches:
tests/.gitignore: ignore test-throttle
exec: Fix broken build for MinGW (regression)
kvm: Fix compiler warning (clang)
tcg-sparc: Fix parenthesis warning
Makefile: Remove some more files when cleaning
target-i386: Fix segment cache dump
iov: avoid "orig_len may be used unitialized" warning
vscclient: remove unnecessary use of uninitialized variable
trace-events: Clean up with scripts/cleanup-trace-events.pl again
tci: Fix qemu-alpha on 32 bit hosts (wrong assertions)
*-user: Improve documentation for lock_user function
MAINTAINERS: Add missing entry to filelist for TCI target
translate-all: Fix formatting of dump output
*-user: Fix typo in comment (ulocking -> unlocking)
docs: Fix IO port number for CPU present bitmap.
q35: Fix typo in constant DEFUALT -> DEFAULT.
configure: Undefine _FORTIFY_SOURCE prior using it
Message-id: 1379696296-32105-1-git-send-email-mjt@msgid.tls.msk.ru
# By Alexey Kardashevskiy (3) and others
# Via Paolo Bonzini
* qemu-kvm/uq/master:
target-i386: add feature kvm_pv_unhalt
linux-headers: update to 3.12-rc1
target-i386: forward CPUID cache leaves when -cpu host is used
linux-headers: update to 3.11
kvm: fix traces to use %x instead of %d
kvmvapic: Clear also physical ROM address when entering INACTIVE state
kvmvapic: Enter inactive state on hardware reset
kvmvapic: Catch invalid ROM size
kvm irqfd: support direct msimessage to irq translation
fix steal time MSR vmsd callback to proper opaque type
kvm: warn if num cpus is greater than num recommended
cpu: Move cpu state syncs up into cpu_dump_state()
exec: always use MADV_DONTFORK
Message-id: 1379694292-1601-1-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com
Commit 3435f39513 reduced the ifdeffery with
this result for MinGW:
exec.c: In function ‘qemu_ram_free’:
exec.c:1239:17: warning:
implicit declaration of function ‘munmap’ [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
exec.c:1239:17: warning:
nested extern declaration of ‘munmap’ [-Wnested-externs]
exec.c:1239: undefined reference to `munmap'
Add some ifdeffery again to fix this.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Weil <sw@weilnetz.de>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Tokarev <mjt@tls.msk.ru>
MADV_DONTFORK prevents fork to fail with -ENOMEM if the default
overcommit heuristics decides there's too much anonymous virtual
memory allocated. If the KVM secondary MMU is synchronized with MMU
notifiers or not, doesn't make a difference in that regard.
Secondly it's always more efficient to avoid copying the guest
physical address space in the fork child (so we avoid to mark all the
guest memory readonly in the parent and so we skip the establishment
and teardown of lots of pagetables in the child).
In the common case we can ignore the error if MADV_DONTFORK is not
available. Leave a second invocation that errors out in the KVM path
if MMU notifiers are missing and KVM is enabled, to abort in such
case.
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Tested-By: Benoit Canet <benoit@irqsave.net>
Acked-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Gleb Natapov <gleb@redhat.com>
We abort() on memory allocation failure. abort() is appropriate for
programming errors. Maybe most memory allocation failures are
programming errors, maybe not. But guest memory allocation failure
isn't, and aborting when the user asks for more memory than we can
provide is not nice. exit(1) instead, and do it in just one place, so
the error message is consistent.
Tested-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Acked-by: Laszlo Ersek <lersek@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
Acked-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Message-id: 1375276272-15988-8-git-send-email-armbru@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
Another issue missed in commit fdec991 is -mem-path: it needs to be
rejected only for old S390 KVM, not for any S390. Not that I
personally care, but the ifdeffery in qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr() annoys
me.
Note that this doesn't actually make -mem-path work, as the kernel
doesn't (yet?) support large pages in the host for KVM guests. Clean
it up anyway.
Thanks to Christian Borntraeger for pointing out the S390 kernel
limitations.
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Laszlo Ersek <lersek@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
Acked-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Message-id: 1375276272-15988-7-git-send-email-armbru@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
Old S390 KVM wants guest RAM mapped in a peculiar way. Commit 6b02494
implemented that.
When qemu_ram_remap() got added in commit cd19cfa, its code carefully
mimicked the allocation code: peculiar way if defined(TARGET_S390X) &&
defined(CONFIG_KVM), else normal way.
For new S390 KVM, we actually want the normal way. Commit fdec991
changed qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr() accordingly, but forgot to update
qemu_ram_remap(). If qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr() maps RAM the normal
way, but qemu_ram_remap() remaps it the peculiar way, remapping
changes protection and flags, which it shouldn't.
Fortunately, this can't happen, as we never remap on S390.
Replace the incorrect code with an assertion.
Thanks to Christian Borntraeger for help with assessing the bug's
(non-)impact.
Acked-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Laszlo Ersek <lersek@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
Message-id: 1375276272-15988-6-git-send-email-armbru@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
Make it a generic hook rather than a KVM hook. Less code and
ifdeffery.
Since the only user of the hook is old S390 KVM, there's hope we can
get rid of it some day.
Acked-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Laszlo Ersek <lersek@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
Message-id: 1375276272-15988-5-git-send-email-armbru@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
Instead of spreading its ifdeffery everywhere, confine it to
qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr(). Everywhere else, simply test block->fd,
which is non-negative exactly when block uses -mem-path.
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Laszlo Ersek <lersek@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
Message-id: 1375276272-15988-4-git-send-email-armbru@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
With -mem-path, qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr() first tries to allocate
accordingly, but when it fails, it falls back to normal allocation.
The fall back allocation code used to be effectively identical to the
"-mem-path not given" code, until it started to diverge in commit
432d268. I believe the code still works, but clean it up anyway: drop
the special fall back allocation code, and fall back to the ordinary
"-mem-path not given" code instead.
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Laszlo Ersek <lersek@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
Message-id: 1375276272-15988-3-git-send-email-armbru@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
Issues:
* We try to obey -mem-path even though it can't work with Xen.
* To implement -machine mem-merge, we call
memory_try_enable_merging(new_block->host, size). But with Xen,
new_block->host remains null. Oops.
Fix by separating Xen allocation from normal allocation.
Acked-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Laszlo Ersek <lersek@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1375276272-15988-2-git-send-email-armbru@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
Accesses to unassigned io ports shall return -1 on read and be ignored
on write. Ensure these properties via dedicated ops, decoupling us from
the memory core's handling of unassigned accesses.
Cc: qemu-stable@nongnu.org
Signed-off-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
If offset_within_address_space falls in a page, then we register a
subpage. So check offset_within_address_space rather than
offset_within_region.
Cc: qemu-stable@nongnu.org
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: "Andreas Färber" <afaerber@suse.de>
Cc: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Cc: Blue Swirl <blauwirbel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The problem is introduced by commit 2332616 (exec: Support 64-bit
operations in address_space_rw, 2013-07-08). Before that commit,
memory_access_size would only return 1/2/4.
Since alignment is already handled above, reduce l to the largest
power of two that is smaller than l.
Cc: qemu-stable@nongnu.org
Reported-by: Oleksii Shevchuk <alxchk@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Oleksii Shevchuk <alxchk@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
It was introduced to loop over CPUs from target-independent code, but
since commit 182735efaf target-independent
CPUState is used.
A loop can be considered more efficient than function calls in a loop,
and CPU_FOREACH() hides implementation details just as well, so use that
instead.
Suggested-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
